CN101660099A - High-strength low-alloy hot-rolled ferrite bainite weathering steel and production method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength low-alloy hot-rolled ferrite bainite weathering steel and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 229910000870 Weathering steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 185
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 185
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- QCJQWJKKTGJDCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[S] Chemical compound [P].[S] QCJQWJKKTGJDCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002065 alloy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to high-strength low-alloy hot-rolled ferrite bainite weathering steel and a preparation method thereof. The steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.05 to 0.10 percent of carbon, 0.30 to 0.45 percent of silicon, 1.00 to 1.50 percent of manganese, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of sulfur, 0.50 to 0.70 percent of chromium, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of nickel, 0.20 to 0.40 percent of copper, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of aluminum, 0.01 to 0.025 percent of titanium, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of niobium and the balance of iron and impurities. The yield strength is more than or equal to 450MPa, and the welding cold crack sensitivity coefficient is less than or equal to 0.2. The invention has the advantages of low cost, high strength, low yield ratio, high weather resistance, excellent low-temperature toughness and welding performance, simple preparation process flow and easy operation. The invention can be widely applied to the fields of bridges, buildings, containers, railway carriages and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to low alloy steel and make a kind of high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel and the production method thereof in field, it can be applicable in the equipment such as freight container and railcar.
Background technology
At present, annual in the world have the steel of 1/6 annual production to consume because of atomospheric corrosion approximately, especially in the annual direct economic loss that therefore suffers of China just above 10,000,000,000 yuan.In order to address this problem, people develop such as steel are polished, means such as application, but take the required expense of these measures regular meeting to account for the significant proportion of construction investment total expenses, cause great amount of manpower, financial resources and material resources cost.Through studying for a long period of time of people in the industry, people find again, adjust by component and preparation technology the steel material, can be made into the rust stable stainless steel, but if stainless steel is used on a large scale, then cost bears high must being difficult to, and stainless mechanical property and welding property are difficult to satisfy the needs of various engineerings.Under these circumstances, weathering steel arises at the historic moment.Existing weathering steel can be divided into two classes: wherein a class contains 0.07～0.15% phosphorus, is called the high-weatherability steel; Another kind of phosphorus content＜0.04% is called the welded construction weathering steel.The intensity of weathering steel and weathering resistance can improve and corresponding raising with the alloying level of elements such as copper, chromium, nickel, manganese, titanium, yet thereby the high phosphorus weathering steel causes defectives such as component segregation, low-temperature flexibility reduction, weldability difference and yield tensile ratio height owing to add phosphorus.Account for 90% freight container and rail vehicle in China and all adopt the weathering steel preparation, but because of the special steel production capacity of China limited, so 40% the used in amounts of wherein still having an appointment is wanted import.The existing atmospheric corrosion resistance low alloy steel of China mainly is 09CuPCrNi and 09CuPTiRe, and its intensity rank is respectively 290MPa and 345MPa, can not satisfy the requirement of China Railway high speed, heavy duty development fully.How to develop have high strength, the steel of low yield strength ratio, low thickness, good welds performance and weathering resistance have become the long-term problem of paying close attention to of industry.Following listed patent has promptly disclosed some progress that those skilled in the art do to study in this field:
The patent No. is that the patent of invention of ZL20081004963.X has proposed a kind of yield strength greater than 450MPa grade ultra-low-carbon hot rolling weather-resisting steel.It has adopted Ultra-low carbon (0.01～0.05%) design, has guaranteed the weldability of this steel.But its weather resistance does not reach U.S.'s ASTM G101 standard and the desired weather resistance index of Japanese JISF standard, and contains 0.05～0.5%Mo, and cost is higher.
The patent No. is that the patent of invention of ZL200510111858.6 has proposed a kind of air corrosion resisting high strength low alloy metal and production method thereof, this steel grade obtains good atmospheric corrosion resistance and low-temperature impact toughness by adding alloying elements such as copper, chromium, nickel, and intensity is higher, yield strength is greater than 550MPa, but its niobium (content 0.05～0.065%) and molybdenum (content 0.20～0.45%) large usage quantity, the cost height.
The patent No. is that the patent of invention of ZL200610125365.2 has proposed a kind of high-strength weathering steel and production method thereof, this steel grade surrender tensile strength is very high, low-temperature impact toughness is good, but this steel unit elongation is lower, in addition, adopt molybdenum content higher, and quenching+tempering hardening and tempering process, make the production cost height, the production cycle is long.
The patent No. is that the patent of invention of ZL200510045624.6 has proposed a kind of economy type weathering-resistant steel, this steel grade passes through with copper, manganese, silicon, aluminumization, and simply adjust the part constituent content of ordinary low-carbon steel (Q235), do not changing under the Q235 steel manufacturing condition, produce have good atmospheric corrosion resistance, the economical and weather resistant steel of comprehensive mechanical performance, but this steel yield strength is lower, only is the 345MPa level.
The patent No. is that the patent of invention of ZL200510019116.0 has proposed a kind of high toughness weather corrosion resistant steel.This steel is the basis with Cu-Cr-Ni, has good low-temperature impelling strength.But alloying element Mn content has reached 2.10～3.0%, causes carbon equivalent too high, is unfavorable for the welding property of steel.
The patent No. is that the patent of invention of US6315946 has proposed a kind of ULCB weathering steel, this steel carbon content is 0.015～0.035%, although accomplished utmost point low carbon levels, but guarantee its intensity and hardening capacity by regulation molybdenum, copper, chromium, content of vanadium and adding boron, promote bainite transformation, make too high weldability and the low-temperature flexibility of causing of alloy content reduce, and on the production technique after overheated mechanical controlled rolling technology, promptly directly quicken cooling, do not make full use of precipitation strength and structure refinement effects such as niobium.
The patent No. is that the patent of invention of US 6056833 has proposed a kind of heat machinery control bundle high strength low yield ratio weathering resistant steel, its yield strength is greater than 490MPa, yield tensile ratio is less than 0.85, this steel is based on copper, nickel, chromium, but content of vanadium too high (0.06%-0.14%), increase the cost of steel, reduced the weldability and the low-temperature flexibility of steel.
But take a broad view of the disclosed technology of above-mentioned patent, all there is certain deficiency in it, can not satisfy the actual needs of the service demand and the production unit situation of China's freight container and rail vehicle fully.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind ofly have low cost, high strength, low yield strength ratio, high weather-proof and excellent low-temperature flexibility and the high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel of welding property, thereby overcomes deficiency of the prior art.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel, it is characterized in that component and weight percent that this steel grade comprises are respectively: the iron and the impurity of carbon 0.05～0.10%, silicon 0.30～0.45%, manganese 1.00～1.50%, phosphorus≤0.015%, sulphur≤0.01%, chromium 0.50～0.70%, nickel 0.20～0.30%, copper 0.20～0.40%, aluminium≤0.05%, titanium 0.01～0.025%, niobium 0.03～0.05% and surplus.
Further, the welding cold cracking sensitivity coefficient of this steel grade
P
cm＝C+Si/30+(Mn+Cu+Cr)/20+Mo/15+Ni/60+V/10+5B≤0.2。
Simultaneously, its corrosion resistance index I 〉=6.0, its calculation formula is with reference to U.S. ASTM G101 standard, and is specific as follows:
I＝26.01Cu+3.88Ni+1.2Cr+1.49Si+17.28P-7.92CuNi
-9.1NiP-33.39Cu
2
Or with reference to Japanese JISF standard, its corrosion resistance index J＞1, its calculation formula is as follows:
J＝1/[(1.0-0.16C)×(1.05-0.05Si)×(1.04-0.016Mn)×(1.0-0.5P)×(1.0+1.9S)
(1.0-0.1Cu)×(1.0-0.12Ni)×(1.0-0.3Mo)×(1.0-1.7Ti)]。
And the yield strength 〉=450MPa of this steel grade.
This steel grade is to adopt following prepared:
Adopt molten iron pre-desulfurization, converter top bottom blowing, RH vacuum circulation degassing technology and calcium to handle and LF refinery practice processing molten iron, obtain the required steel ingot of steel rolling, steel ingot is heated to 1200～1250 ℃, and carry out soaking and handle, then steel ingot to be carried out the controlled rolling of two stages and handle, rolling temperature is controlled at 810～1150 ℃, to through hot rolled steel carry out controlled chilling handle thereafter, make steel be cooled to 550～590 ℃ rapidly, at last steel are batched, obtain the weather-proof steel grade of finished product.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of preparation technology of high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel as mentioned above, its flow process is succinct, easy handling, cost are low, and this method is:
Adopt converter steelmaking to obtain the required steel ingot of steel rolling, steel ingot is heated to 1200～1250 ℃, and carry out soaking and handle, then steel ingot is carried out the controlled rolling of two stages and handle, rolling temperature is controlled at 810～1150 ℃, handles carry out controlled chilling through the hot rolled steel thereafter, make steel be cooled to 550～590 ℃ rapidly, at last steel are batched, obtain the weather-proof steel grade of finished product, its yield strength 〉=450MPa.
Particularly, the process of obtaining the required steel ingot of steel rolling in this method is:
Adopt molten iron pre-desulfurization, converter top bottom blowing, RH vacuum circulation degassing technology and calcium to handle and LF refinery practice processing molten iron successively, component and weight percent thereof that the acquisition steel ingot comprises are: the iron and the impurity of carbon 0.05～0.10%, silicon 0.30～0.45%, manganese 1.00～1.50%, phosphorus≤0.015%, sulphur≤0.01%, chromium 0.50～0.70%, nickel 0.20～0.30%, copper 0.20～0.40%, aluminium≤0.035%, titanium 0.01～0.025%, niobium 0.03～0.05% and surplus.
The time that described equal thermal treatment continues is 1～2 hour.
Describedly steel ingot carried out the processing parameter that two stages controlled rollings handles be:
The rolling start rolling temperature in recrystallization zone is controlled between 1120～1150 ℃, and the rolling finish rolling start rolling temperature in non-recrystallization district is controlled between 940～980 ℃, and the finish rolling end temp is controlled between 810～830 ℃.
Described in the process of carrying out the controlled chilling processing through the hot rolled steel, rate of cooling is in the rate of cooling of 15～20 ℃/s.
This method comprises following concrete steps:
Adopt converter steelmaking to obtain the required steel ingot of steel rolling;
Steel ingot is heated to 1200～1250 ℃, and all thermal treatment 1～2 hour, make the complete solid solution of steel ingot interalloy element;
Steel ingot is carried out the control of two stages prick, the rolling start rolling temperature in recrystallization zone is controlled between 1120～1150 ℃, and the rolling finish rolling start rolling temperature in non-recrystallization district is controlled between 940～980 ℃, and the finish rolling end temp is controlled between 810～830 ℃;
After rolling the finishing, steel are carried out controlled chilling handle, cooling beginning temperature is controlled between 800～830 ℃, and then the rate of cooling with 15～20 ℃/s is cooled to 550～590 ℃ with steel;
Cooled steel are batched, and coiling temperature is controlled between 550～590 ℃, finally obtains the weather-proof steel grade of finished product, its yield strength 〉=450MPa, welding cold cracking sensitivity coefficient≤0.2.
The present invention carries out particular design by the composition to steel, and the smelting of steel, rolling and cooling control technology adjusted, thereby the weathering steel that makes generation has uniform acicular ferrite+bainite structure, avoid forming pearlitic structure, its yield strength is more than the 450MPa level, and the low-phosphorous design that the present invention simultaneously adopts is guaranteeing also to show excellent low-temperature flexibility and weldability when steel has high-weatherability.
In the design of the component of steel of the present invention, considered the effect of each component in this weathering steel emphatically, that is:
Carbon: carbon is to improve the most economical effective alloying element of hardness of steel, but the too high meeting of carbon content significantly worsens the welding property of steel, the present invention adopts the low-carbon (LC) design, to obtain single ferritic structure of the same type, suppress the formation of pearlitic structure and other carbide, thereby avoided different tissues, higher potential difference between the homophase not, obtained excellent atmospheric corrosion resistance and welding property, the present invention determines that the optimum range of carbon content is: 0.05～0.10%.
Silicon: have anti-chloride corrosion and break, anti-spot corrosion, anti-dense hot nitric acid, anti-oxidant, effects such as seawater corrosion resistance.When silicone content is many, can form the Silicon-rich protective membrane on steel surface, thereby have good solidity to corrosion, when silicon with copper, when chromium cooperates, can improve the anti-sea atmosphere corrosion performance of steel.The present invention determines that the optimum range of silicone content is 0.30～0.45%.
Manganese: manganese is important highly malleablized element, it is austenite stabilizer element, can enlarge the austenitic area in the iron-carbon diagram, promote the middle temperature structural transformation of steel, obtain the microtexture based on acicular structure, this tissue is compared with traditional ferrite+perlite, has the better tissues homogeneity, good weather resistance, high intensity and excellent low-temperature flexibility contain 1% manganese and can improve tensile strength 100MPa approximately.Along with the increase of manganese content, the intensity of steel obviously increases, but impact transition temperature changes hardly.Too high manganese content impairs the toughness of steel, warm structural transformation during too low manganese content then can not effectively promote.The present invention determines that the optimum range of manganese content is 1.00～1.50%.
Phosphorus: phosphorus is to improve one of the most effective alloying element of atmospheric corrosion resistance.General phosphorus content was 0.08～0.15% o'clock solidity to corrosion the best.Yet in order to guarantee weldability, should not adopt the method that increases phosphorus to improve the solidity to corrosion of steel, phosphorus should be controlled at below 0.04%, can remedy by interpolation chromium, nickel because of phosphorus content reduces the weathering resistance loss that causes.The present invention determines that the optimum range of phosphorus content is≤0.015%.
Sulphur: high sulphur content can increase substantially the weathering resistance of steel, and can rationally gather partially by an amount of of phosphorus, remedies the deficiency that ultra-low carbon steel intergranular intensity reduces.The present invention determines that the optimum range of sulphur content is≤0.01%.
Chromium: chromium is the effective element that improves hardening capacity.Chromium also can make the steel surface form fine and close oxide film, improves the passivation ability of steel, thereby improves the atmospheric corrosion resistance ability of steel.The content of chromium is generally 0.1～1% (being up to 1.3%) in the weather resisting steel.When chromium and copper added in the steel simultaneously, weather-proof effect was particularly evident.The present invention determines that the optimum range of chromium content is 0.50～0.70%.
Nickel: nickel can improve the hardening capacity of steel, has certain strengthening effect, and the nickel of adding 1% can improve the about 20MPa of steel strength.When improving steel strength, nickel can also improve the low-temperature flexibility of steel significantly.Base material and welded heat affecting zone low-temperature flexibility are increased substantially.Nickel can also effectively stop the hot-short check crack that causes of copper and weather resistance, the especially sea water corrosion resistant that significantly improves steel.Its add-on does not then have corrosion-resistant effect less than 0.10%, but too high levels easily causes steel plate oxide skin to be difficult to come off and increases the cost of steel.The present invention determines that the optimum range of nickel content is 0.20～0.30%.
Copper: in steel, add in a certain amount of copper, no matter in rural atmosphere, industrial atmosphere or marine atmosphere, all have the corrosion resistance nature superior than plain carbon stool.And in serious pollution environment, effect is more obvious.In addition, copper also helps the acquisition good low-temperature flexibility, increases the fatigue crack growth ability of steel.When the copper too high levels, easily produce the copper brittleness phenomenon, steel plate weld affected zone toughness can reduce, and easily produces check crack in steel billet heat-processed.The present invention determines that the optimum range of copper content is 0.20～0.40%.
Aluminium: aluminium is the main deoxidant element in the steel, and can be used for stoping grain growth.Yet when aluminium content greater than 0.035% the time, will cause the oxide inclusion of aluminium to increase, reduce the purity of steel, be unfavorable for the toughness and the weathering resistance of steel.The present invention determines that the optimum range of aluminium content is≤0.05%.
Titanium: titanium is strong nitride forming element.The nitride of titanium is the pinning austenite grain boundary effectively, helps controlling growing up of austenite crystal.The present invention determines that the optimum range of titanium content is 0.01～0.025%.
Niobium: niobium is strong carbonitride forming element, can improve the austenite recrystallization temperature of steel.Austenite can be rolled under higher rolling temperature, and by postponing austenite to ferritic transformation, improves the volume fraction of acicular structure.In addition, niobium plays the precipitation strength effect in controlled rolling and controlled chilling process, and the strain inducing of the carbonitride by niobium is separated out can the pinning austenite crystal, and refine austenite crystal grain also improves intensity and low-temperature flexibility.Niobium can be separately or with the compound adding of titanium to improve the mechanical property of steel by precipitation strength.But too high niobium also easily forms the low melting point eutectic thing with elements such as iron, carbon, thereby increases the tendency of weld metal generation thermal crack.The present invention determines that the optimum range of content of niobium is 0.03～0.05%.
Compared with prior art, the advantage that high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel of the present invention and production method thereof have is: steel grades of the present invention is simple, be low-carbon (LC) Cu-Cr-Ni composition series, and by adding trace alloying element and control phosphorus sulphur content, and do not add the hardening capacity element boron, obtain acicular ferrite+bainite structure, it organizes more even than general bainitic steel, weathering resistance is better, simultaneously, steel grade kind of the present invention separates out intensity and the toughness that improves steel by adding trace niobium, titanium, vanadium generation solution strengthening and precipitation; And in the preparation technology of steel of the present invention, adopt the controlled rolling and controlled cooling technology to produce, and need not be modified or thermal treatment such as tempering, shorten the production cycle and reduced production cost.Reach good economic benefits; In addition, the present invention adopts low-phosphorous scheme, overcomes steel grade in the past and improves the shortcoming that weathering resistance influences welding property because of phosphorating, and obtains excellent welding property.The present invention can be widely used in fields such as bridge, building, freight container, railcar.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereoscan photograph of high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel microtexture among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the parameter control chart of technology for controlled cooling among the preparation method of steel shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the weather resistance evaluation map of steel shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
The component and the weight percent thereof of this high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel (present embodiment steel grade) are as shown in table 1, it is the steel (contrast steel grade) of the patent of invention proposition of ZL200810046963.X than the patent No., do not contain molybdenum in the alloying constituent, cost is relatively low, and intensity and unit elongation are higher, and have excellent low-temperature flexibility.In addition, the welding cold cracking sensitivity coefficient of present embodiment steel grade is:
P
cm＝0.08+0.4/30+(1.09+0.3+0.63)/20+0.005/15
+0.24/60+0.006/10＝0.199
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment steel grade has acicular ferrite+bainite structure structure,, it organizes more even than general bainitic steel, and weathering resistance is better.
The preparation technology of this high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel is:
Adopt molten iron pre-desulfurization, converter top bottom blowing, RH vacuum circulation degassing technology, carry out calcium processing and LF refinery practice simultaneously and handle molten iron, obtain the thick steel ingot of 220mm, component that it comprises and weight percent thereof are with the composition of the present embodiment steel grade shown in the table 1;
Get three blocks of steel ingots and be heated to about 1200, and all thermal treatment 2 hours, make the complete solid solution of steel ingot interalloy element;
Three blocks of steel ingots are carried out the control of two stages to be pricked, the rolling open rolling in recrystallization zone (roughing) temperature is controlled at about 1100 ℃, the rolling finish rolling start rolling temperature in non-recrystallization district (finish rolling begins temperature) is controlled at about 950 ℃, each steel ingot finish rolling end temp is controlled at 818 ℃, 824 ℃, 830 ℃ respectively, the total draft of roughing is 82%, and the total draft of finish rolling is 80%;
After rolling the finishing, steel are carried out controlled chilling handle, each steel ingot cooling beginning temperature is controlled at 810 ℃, 815 ℃, 820 ℃ respectively, and then the rate of cooling with 20 ℃/s is cooled to 562 ℃, 570 ℃, 585 ℃ with steel;
Cooled steel are batched, and coiling temperature is controlled between 550～590 ℃, finally obtains the finished product weathering steel of three thickness at 8mm, its yield strength 〉=450MPa, welding cold cracking sensitivity coefficient≤2.0.
According to the GB6397-86 standard above-mentioned three finished product weathering steels (No. 1 plate of present embodiment steel grade, No. 2 plates, No. 3 plates) and patent No. 200810046963.X steel (contrast steel grade) are carried out Mechanics Performance Testing and carry out, the tension specimen gauge length satisfies:
, test result is as shown in table 2.According to railway standard TB/T2375-93 the present embodiment steel grade is carried out the erosion resistance test, the erosion rate that records steel of the present invention is 61% (as shown in Figure 3) of straight carbon steel Q235B, has very excellent atmospheric corrosion resistance.
In addition, respectively present embodiment steel grade and contrast steel grade are carried out the weathering resistance test according to U.S.'s ASTM G101 standard and Japanese JISF standard, the result shows, (it calculates gained U.S. ASTM G101 standard index I less than 6.0 to the weathering resistance index of present embodiment high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel much larger than the contrast steel grade, Japan JISF standard index J is less than 1, do not reach the weather resistance of weathering steel prescribed by standard, as shown in table 3).
Table 1 present embodiment steel grade and the component and the weight percent content thereof that contrast steel grade
Table 2 present embodiment steel grade contrasts with the Mechanics Performance Testing of contrast steel grade
Table 3 present embodiment steel grade and the weather resistance evaluation that contrasts steel grade
Claims (10)
1. high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel, it is characterized in that component and weight percent that this steel grade comprises are respectively: the iron and the impurity of carbon 0.05～0.10%, silicon 0.30～0.45%, manganese 1.00～1.50%, phosphorus≤0.015%, sulphur≤0.01%, chromium 0.50～0.70%, nickel 0.20～0.30%, copper 0.20～0.40%, aluminium≤0.05%, titanium 0.01～0.025%, niobium 0.03～0.05% and surplus.
2. high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the welding cold cracking sensitivity coefficient of this steel grade
P
cm＝C+Si/30+(Mn+Cu+Cr)/20+Mo/15+Ni/60+V/10+5B≤0.2。
Simultaneously, its corrosion resistance index I 〉=6.0, its calculation formula is with reference to U.S. ASTM G101 standard, and is specific as follows:
I＝26.01Cu+3.88Ni+1.2Cr+1.49Si+17.28P-7.92CuNi
-9.1NiP-33.39Cu
2
Or with reference to Japanese JISF standard, its corrosion resistance index J＞1, its calculation formula is as follows:
J＝1/[(1.0-0.16C)×(1.05-0.05Si)×(1.04-0.016Mn)×(1.0-0.5P)×(1.0+1.9S)(1.0-0.1Cu)×(1.0-0.12Ni)×(1.0-0.3Mo)×(1.0-1.7Ti)] 。
3. high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the yield strength 〉=450MPa of this steel grade.
4. high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this steel grade is to adopt following prepared:
Adopt molten iron pre-desulfurization, converter top bottom blowing, RH vacuum circulation degassing technology and calcium to handle and LF refinery practice processing molten iron, obtain the required steel ingot of steel rolling, steel ingot is heated to 1200～1250 ℃, and carry out soaking and handle, then steel ingot to be carried out the controlled rolling of two stages and handle, rolling temperature is controlled at 810～1150 ℃, to through hot rolled steel carry out controlled chilling handle thereafter, make steel be cooled to 550～590 ℃ rapidly, at last steel are batched, obtain the weather-proof steel grade of finished product.
5. the preparation method of a high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel is characterized in that, this method is:
Adopt converter steelmaking to obtain the required steel ingot of steel rolling, steel ingot is heated to 1200～1250 ℃, and carry out soaking and handle, then steel ingot is carried out the controlled rolling of two stages and handle, rolling temperature is controlled at 810～1150 ℃, handles carry out controlled chilling through the hot rolled steel thereafter, make steel be cooled to 550～590 ℃ rapidly, at last steel are batched, obtain the weather-proof steel grade of finished product, its yield strength 〉=450MPa.
6. the preparation method of high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the process of obtaining the required steel ingot of steel rolling in this method is:
Adopt molten iron pre-desulfurization, converter top bottom blowing, RH vacuum circulation degassing technology and calcium to handle and LF refinery practice processing molten iron successively, component and weight percent thereof that the acquisition steel ingot comprises are: the iron and the impurity of carbon 0.05～0.10%, silicon 0.30～0.45%, manganese 1.00～1.50%, phosphorus≤0.015%, sulphur≤0.01%, chromium 0.50～0.70%, nickel 0.20～0.30%, copper 0.20～0.40%, aluminium≤0.035%, titanium 0.01～0.025%, niobium 0.03～0.05% and surplus.
7. the preparation method of high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the time that described equal thermal treatment continues is 1～2 hour.
8. the preparation method of high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel according to claim 5 is characterized in that, describedly steel ingot is carried out the processing parameter that two stages controlled rollings handles is:
The rolling start rolling temperature in recrystallization zone is controlled between 1120～1150 ℃, and the rolling finish rolling start rolling temperature in non-recrystallization district is controlled between 940～980 ℃, and the finish rolling end temp is controlled between 810～830 ℃.
9. the preparation method of high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described in the process of carrying out the controlled chilling processing through the hot rolled steel, rate of cooling is in the rate of cooling of 15～20 ℃/s.
10. the preparation method of high strength low alloy hot rolling ferrite bainite weathering resistant steel according to claim 5 is characterized in that, this method comprises following concrete steps:
Adopt converter steelmaking to obtain the required steel ingot of steel rolling;
Steel ingot is heated to 1200～1250 ℃, and all thermal treatment 1～2 hour, make the complete solid solution of steel ingot interalloy element;
Steel ingot is carried out the control of two stages prick, the rolling start rolling temperature in recrystallization zone is controlled between 1120～1150 ℃, and the rolling finish rolling start rolling temperature in non-recrystallization district is controlled between 940～980 ℃, and the finish rolling end temp is controlled between 810～830 ℃;
After rolling the finishing, steel are carried out controlled chilling handle, cooling beginning temperature is controlled between 800～830 ℃, and then the rate of cooling with 15～20 ℃/s is cooled to 550～590 ℃ with steel;
Cooled steel are batched, and coiling temperature is controlled between 550～590 ℃, finally obtains the weather-proof steel grade of finished product, its yield strength 〉=450MPa, welding cold cracking sensitivity coefficient≤2.0.
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Denomination of invention: High strength low alloy hot rolled ferritic bainitic weathering steel and its production method Effective date of registration: 20220721 Granted publication date: 20111221 Pledgee: China Construction Bank Zhangjiagang branch Pledgor: INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH OF IRON & STEEL,SHAGANG,JIANGSU PROVINCE Registration number: Y2022320010410 |