CN101660028A - Water-soluble quenching agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-soluble quenching agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101660028A CN101660028A CN200910065533A CN200910065533A CN101660028A CN 101660028 A CN101660028 A CN 101660028A CN 200910065533 A CN200910065533 A CN 200910065533A CN 200910065533 A CN200910065533 A CN 200910065533A CN 101660028 A CN101660028 A CN 101660028A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal treatment quenching and cooling, and provides a water-soluble quenching agent. The water-soluble quenching agent is water solution containing starch and sodium hydroxide, wherein the content of the starch is 5-25g/L, and the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the starch is (0.1-12):1. When the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the starch is more than 0.5:1, sodium chloride can be used for replacing part of sodium hydroxide to form the water solution consisting of the starch, the sodium hydroxide and the sodium chloride. The water-soluble quenching agent is mixed water solution containing organic matters and inorganic matters, and through the change of the concentration, the cooling speed can be adjusted in a very wide range, and the cooling property with higher cooling speed than that of water and lower cooling speed than that of oil can be obtained. The invention overcomes the defects that the oil has high price, easy to combust and seriously pollutes the environment as well as the high-temperature cooling speed of the water solution of the inorganic matters is difficult to reduce.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heat-treatment quenching cooling technology field, relate generally to a kind of water-soluble quenching agent and preparation method.
Background technology
Thermal treatment is to reach the purpose that improves the metallicity requirement by heating, be incubated and cooling off three processes.In these three processes, process of cooling is the most key.Furnace cooling and in air refrigerative mode speed of cooling slow, the hardness of material is low.For improving performances such as intensity and hardness, workpiece will cool off in certain medium to obtain martensitic stucture through heating with after being incubated.Material difference or accessory size difference need be cooled off in different media.Heat-eliminating medium commonly used at present has water, inorganic compound aqueous solution and the organic compound aqueous solution, wet goods.
Adding inorganics such as sodium-chlor, sodium hydroxide etc. can increase the cooling power of water in water, improve representative temperature, shorten the temperature range in steam film stage, improve maximum speed of cooling.
In water, add the cooling power that organism such as polyvinyl alcohol etc. can reduce water, can proper extension steam film phase temperature scope and the maximum speed of cooling of reduction.
Mineral oil has high temperature and subcooling speed is slow, and middle temperature speed of cooling is fast, can further improve speed of cooling behind the adding additive, satisfies most steel alloy quenching requirements.But its price height, easy firing and environmental pollution are serious.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of water-soluble quenching agent and preparation method.
The aqueous solution proposed by the invention, starch content is 5～25g/L, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide and starch is (0.1～12): 1.
When sodium hydroxide: during starch 〉=0.5: 1, can use sodium-chlor instead of part sodium hydroxide, form the aqueous solution that starch, sodium hydroxide and sodium-chlor are formed.
Water-soluble quenching agent adds a small amount of anticorrosive additive.
Described anticorrosive additive can be one or both or three kinds in boric acid, phenol, the formaldehyde.
The add-on of described anticorrosive additive is less than or equal to 5 ‰ of quenching medium quality.
The preparation method of water-soluble quenching agent proposed by the invention is:
Starch joined under continuous condition of stirring in 20～70 ℃ the water, be made into the solution A that starch concentration is 100～150g/L; Dissolution of sodium hydroxide is made into the solution B that sodium hydrate content is 200～500g/L in water; Under continuous stirring state, solution B slowly joined and make starch pasting in the solution A, make sodium hydroxide by the relative quantity that changes A solution and B solution: starch=(0.1～12): 1, it is 5～25g/L that the adding suitable quantity of water makes starch content, add anticorrosive additive again, obtain water-soluble quenching agent of the present invention.
When sodium hydroxide: starch＞0.5: 1 and during with sodium-chlor instead of part sodium hydroxide is dissolved in sodium-chlor that to be made into the chlorine sodium content in the water be 20%～30% solution C; Under continuous stirring state, above-mentioned solution B slowly joined and make starch pasting in the solution A, make sodium hydroxide by the relative quantity that changes A solution and B solution: starch 〉=0.5: 1, it is 5～25g/L that adding The addition of C solution and water make starch content, (sodium hydroxide+sodium-chlor): starch=(0.5～12): 1.
The preparation method of water-soluble quenching agent proposed by the invention can also for: with sodium hydroxide and starch by 0.1～12: 1 mixed evenly is made into solid mixture, mixture is placed in the container water that adds 1～5 times 20～70 ℃ of solid amounts under continuous condition of stirring, wait stir after again thin up to make starch content be 5～25g/L.
When sodium hydroxide: starch 〉=0.5: 1 and during with sodium-chlor instead of part sodium hydroxide evenly is made into solid mixture with sodium-chlor and sodium hydroxide, starch by required mixed; Mixture is placed in the container 1～5 times 20～70 ℃ the water that adds mixture weight under continuous condition of stirring, wait stir after again thin up to make starch content be 5～25g/L.
Sodium hydroxide and starch mix in proportion and are made into solid mixture or sodium hydroxide, starch, sodium-chlor mixes in proportion and can add required small amount of solid sanitas when being made into solid mixture.
The solubleness of starch in room temperature water is very little, adds sodium hydroxide and can make starch pasting, improves solubleness.
Starch after the gelatinization can increase viscosity in aqueous solution, increases the steam film temperature range, reduces representative temperature, can reduce the speed of cooling of from high temperature to low temperature (room temperature).Under the situation of other components unchanged, increase with starch concentration, speed of cooling reduces.
Sodium hydroxide has the effect that destroys steam film, improves representative temperature, thereby improves the high-temperature zone speed of cooling, and is little to the influence of cold zone (below 400 ℃) speed of cooling.
Increase then representative temperature reduction of starch concentration, increase then representative temperature raising of naoh concentration, therefore, by changing the temperature that starch and naoh concentration can be adjusted to representative temperature to be needed.
Improve with starch concentration, the cold zone speed of cooling reduces, representative temperature reduces, improve representative temperature and maximum speed of cooling by improving naoh concentration, so the ratio of high density starch and high sodium hydroxide and starch can reduce the cold zone speed of cooling when keeping high high temperature cooling rate.
Keeping under sodium hydroxide and starch ratio one stable condition, with the raising of starch concentration in the solution, representative temperature reduces, and maximum speed of cooling and 300 ℃ of speed of cooling reduce simultaneously.Keeping under the constant situation of starch concentration, sodium hydroxide and starch ratio are big more, and representative temperature is high more, and maximum cooling rate is fast more, and 300 ℃ of speed of cooling change little.
Sodium-chlor to representative temperature, maximum cooling rate and 300 ℃ of speed of cooling to influence rule identical with sodium hydroxide.Sodium-chlor does not have the effect of the starch pasting of making, so can not replace sodium hydroxide fully.High-concentration sodium hydroxide has injury effect to people's skin, can reduce this injury effect with sodium-chlor instead of part sodium hydroxide and also can reduce cost.
A kind of water-soluble quenching agent that the present invention proposes is the mixed aqueous solution of organism and inorganics.By change in concentration, can in wide range, regulate speed of cooling, obtain the fast and cooling characteristic also slower than the speed of cooling of oil than the speed of cooling of water.Overcome the oily serious drawback of price height, easy firing and environmental pollution, also overcome the drawback that the aqueous solution of inorganic matter high temperature cooling rate is difficult to reduce.Starch extracts from farm crop such as corn, rice, potato, is a kind of green bio product, and consumption of natural resource is not originated extensively, and price is low.Sodium-chlor and sodium hydroxide source are wide, aboundresources, and price is low, and environmental pollution is very little.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is temperature-timing relationship and the temperature-speed of cooling graph of a relation that records according to ISO9950 and JB/T7951 standard, and the figure subscript is understood representative temperature, maximum cooling rate and 300 ℃ of cooling rates.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
50ml water is heated to 70 ℃,, stirs, make solution A constantly under the agitation condition 5g starch being added in the water; The 0.5g dissolution of sodium hydroxide is made solution B in 2.5ml water; Under continuous stirring state solution B slowly joined and make starch pasting in the solution A, add water to 1L then, add 5g boric acid again, make sodium hydroxide: starch=0.1: 1, starch concentration are the quenching medium of 0.5g/L.This quenching medium and water ratio, representative temperature reduces, and maximum cooling rate reduces, and can reduce the thermal stresses of high-temperature zone, and case depth is not almost had influence, is suitable for low parts quenching of hardening capacity and induced surface hardening part.
Embodiment 2
200ml water is heated to 70 ℃,, stirs, make solution A constantly under the agitation condition 25g starch being added in the water; The 2.5g dissolution of sodium hydroxide is made solution B in 10ml water; Under continuous stirring state solution B slowly joined and make starch pasting in the solution A, add water to 1L then, add 5g phenol again, make sodium hydroxide: starch=0.1: 1, starch concentration are the quenching medium of 25g/L.The cooling power of this quenching medium is littler than oil, can be used for the forging cooling, replaces normalizing, the energy thinning microstructure, or high alloy tool steel quenches.
Embodiment 3
200ml water is heated to 30 ℃,, stirs, make solution A constantly under the agitation condition 25g starch being added in the water; The 300g dissolution of sodium hydroxide is made solution B in 600ml water; Under continuous stirring state solution B slowly joined and make starch pasting in the solution A, add water to 1L then, add 5ml formaldehyde again, make sodium hydroxide: starch=12: 1, starch concentration are the quenching medium of 25g/L.This quenching medium is compared with the quenching medium of embodiment 2, and the low temperature cooling rate is constant substantially, but the representative temperature raising, maximum cooling rate improves, and over-all properties approaches quenching oil, the quenching of available most steel alloys.
Embodiment 4
200ml water is heated to 20 ℃,, stirs, make solution A constantly under the agitation condition 20g starch being added in the water; The 240g dissolution of sodium hydroxide is made solution B in 500ml water; Under continuous stirring state solution B slowly joined and make starch pasting in the solution A, add water to 1L then, add 5ml formaldehyde again, make sodium hydroxide: starch=12: 1, starch concentration are the quenching medium of 20g/L.This quenching medium is compared with the quenching medium of embodiment 3, and representative temperature improves, and 300 ℃ of cooling rates and maximum cooling rate improve, and over-all properties can be used for the quenching of the less carbon element steel part of larger-size alloy steel piece and size between water and quenching oil.
Embodiment 5
5kg starch, 0.5kg sodium hydroxide and 0.5kg phenol are mixed and pulverizes, sodium hydroxide: the solid of starch=0.1: 1, add 10L30 ℃ of water and stir, place 10～20min, thin up is to 1000L under continuous stirring state then, and its cooling performance is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
25kg starch, 300kg sodium hydroxide and 0.5kg phenol are mixed and pulverizes, sodium hydroxide: the solid of starch=12: 1, add 30 ℃ of water of 400L and stir, place 10～20min, thin up is to 1000L under continuous stirring state then, and its cooling performance is with embodiment 3.
25kg starch, 300kg sodium hydroxide and 0.5kg phenol are mixed and pulverizes, sodium hydroxide: the solid of starch=12: 1, add 30 ℃ of water of 400L and stir, place 10～20min, thin up is to 1250L under continuous stirring state then, and its cooling performance is with embodiment 4.
Embodiment 8
1kg starch, 1kg sodium hydroxide and 11kg sodium-chlor are mixed and pulverizes, (sodium hydroxide+sodium-chlor): the solid of starch=12: 1, adding 10L40 ℃ of water stirs, place 10～20min, then under continuous stirring state thin up to 50L, add 100ml formaldehyde, the cooling performance of its cooling performance and embodiment 4 is approaching.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of water-soluble quenching agent is characterized in that: described water-soluble quenching agent is the aqueous solution that includes starch and sodium hydroxide, and starch content is 5～25g/L, and the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide and starch is (0.1～12): 1.
2, according to the described water-soluble quenching agent of claim 1, it is characterized in that: when sodium hydroxide: during starch 〉=0.5: 1, can use sodium-chlor instead of part sodium hydroxide, form the aqueous solution that starch, sodium hydroxide and sodium-chlor are formed.
3, according to the described water-soluble quenching agent of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water-soluble quenching agent adds anticorrosive additive.
4, according to the described water-soluble quenching agent of claim 3, it is characterized in that: described anticorrosive additive is one or both or three kinds in boric acid, phenol, the formaldehyde.
5, according to claim 3 or 4 described water-soluble quenching agents, it is characterized in that: the add-on of described anticorrosive additive is less than or equal to 5 ‰ of quenching medium quality.
6, a kind of preparation method of water-soluble quenching agent is characterized in that: starch is joined under continuous condition of stirring in 20～70 ℃ the water, be made into the solution A that starch concentration is 100～150g/L; Dissolution of sodium hydroxide is made into the solution B that sodium hydrate content is 200～500g/L in water; Under continuous stirring state, solution B slowly joined and make starch pasting in the solution A, make sodium hydroxide by the relative quantity that changes A solution and B solution: starch=(0.1～12): 1, it is 5～25g/L that the adding suitable quantity of water makes starch content, obtains water-soluble quenching agent of the present invention; Or:
Sodium hydroxide and starch is even by 0.1～12: 1 mixed, be made into solid mixture, simultaneously, mixture is placed in the container water that adds 1～5 times 20～70 ℃ of solid amounts under continuous condition of stirring, wait stir after again thin up to make starch content be 5～25g/L.
7, according to the preparation method of the described water-soluble quenching agent of claim 6, it is characterized in that: when sodium hydroxide: starch＞0.5: 1 and during with sodium-chlor instead of part sodium hydroxide is dissolved in sodium-chlor that to be made into the chlorine sodium content in the water be 20%～30% solution C; Under continuous stirring state, right 4 solution B are slowly joined and make starch pasting in the solution A, make sodium hydroxide by the relative quantity that changes A solution and B solution: starch 〉=0.5: 1, it is 5～25g/L that adding The addition of C solution and water make starch content, (sodium hydroxide+sodium-chlor): starch=(0.5～12): 1, obtain water-soluble quenching agent of the present invention.
8, according to the preparation method of the described water-soluble quenching agent of claim 6, it is characterized in that: when sodium hydroxide: starch 〉=0.5: 1 and during with sodium-chlor instead of part sodium hydroxide, sodium-chlor and sodium hydroxide, starch is even by required mixed, be made into solid mixture; Mixture is placed in the container water that adds 1～5 times 20～70 ℃ of mixture weight under continuous condition of stirring, wait stir after again thin up to make starch content be 5～25g/L.
9, according to the preparation method of claim 6 or 7 or 8 described water-soluble quenching agents,, it is characterized in that: add anticorrosive additive during the preparation water-soluble quenching agent.
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| CN102942690A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2013-02-27 | 上海金兆节能科技有限公司 | Polyoxy propane diethylene glycol borate polymer, preparation method thereof and environment-friendly water-soluble anti-rust quenching liquid prepared with the polymer |
| CN102978357A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-03-20 | 高金菊 | Aqueous quenching agent for ultra-high carbon steel |
| CN103184321A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-07-03 | 河北科技大学 | Water-soluble quenching media additive and application method thereof |
| CN103468891A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2013-12-25 | 无锡阳工机械制造有限公司 | Water-soluble quenching agent |
| CN104762454A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-08 | 马鞍山华东回转支承有限公司 | Preparation method and application of special quenching liquid for 50Mn steel |
| CN106399644A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-02-15 | 大连圣洁热处理科技发展有限公司 | Quenching technology for preventing quenching cracks of No.45 steel workpiece |
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| CN1004079B (en) * | 1986-02-26 | 1989-05-03 | 大连市机电研究所 | Aq. solution quenching medium for high-speed steel |
| CN1029745C (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1995-09-13 | 李颖悟 | water-soluble polymer quenching agent |
| US6689227B2 (en) * | 2001-01-23 | 2004-02-10 | Tata Consultancy Services, Division Of Tata Sons Ltd | Eco-friendly starch quenchants |
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| CN102942690A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2013-02-27 | 上海金兆节能科技有限公司 | Polyoxy propane diethylene glycol borate polymer, preparation method thereof and environment-friendly water-soluble anti-rust quenching liquid prepared with the polymer |
| CN102978357A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-03-20 | 高金菊 | Aqueous quenching agent for ultra-high carbon steel |
| CN102978357B (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2014-12-17 | 高金菊 | Aqueous quenching agent for ultra-high carbon steel |
| CN103184321A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-07-03 | 河北科技大学 | Water-soluble quenching media additive and application method thereof |
| CN103184321B (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2014-12-03 | 河北科技大学 | Water-soluble quenching media additive and application method thereof |
| CN103468891A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2013-12-25 | 无锡阳工机械制造有限公司 | Water-soluble quenching agent |
| CN104762454A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-08 | 马鞍山华东回转支承有限公司 | Preparation method and application of special quenching liquid for 50Mn steel |
| CN106755813A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-31 | 郑州丽福爱生物技术有限公司 | A kind of antifriction alloy processing environment-friendly type quenching medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN106435112A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-02-22 | 郑州丽福爱生物技术有限公司 | Quenching agent for abrasion-resistant alloy processing |
| CN106399644A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-02-15 | 大连圣洁热处理科技发展有限公司 | Quenching technology for preventing quenching cracks of No.45 steel workpiece |
| CN106498134A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-03-15 | 大连圣洁热处理科技发展有限公司 | A kind of quenching medium and quenching technical for preventing No. 45 steel workpiece hardening cracks |
| CN106399644B (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2019-01-08 | 大连圣洁热处理科技发展有限公司 | A kind of quenching technical preventing No. 45 steel workpiece hardening cracks |
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| CN110042204A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-23 | 南宁学院 | Metal tools heat treatment process |
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