CN101659711B - Technology for extracting chitin from shrimp and crab shells - Google Patents
Technology for extracting chitin from shrimp and crab shells Download PDFInfo
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- CN101659711B CN101659711B CN2009101827330A CN200910182733A CN101659711B CN 101659711 B CN101659711 B CN 101659711B CN 2009101827330 A CN2009101827330 A CN 2009101827330A CN 200910182733 A CN200910182733 A CN 200910182733A CN 101659711 B CN101659711 B CN 101659711B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a technology for extracting chitin from shrimp and crab shells, which belongs to the technical field of chemical industry. The technology improves the prior technology for extracting the chitin from the shrimp and crab shells through a pickling tank and a soda boiling tank and can produce 1000kg of the chitin per day by washing and carrying out aeration in a decalcification kettle, being reacted with dilute hydrochloric acid, carrying out the aeration, adding soda liquid into a soda boiling kettle for heating and aeration, washing, carrying out the aeration and removing protein, ensure that the ignition residue is lower than 1% and fully achieve the requirements on foods and drugs. The technology is mostly used for producing health care products and can improve the utilization rate of acid-soda, be conducive to increasing the output and improving the product quality and be conductive to improving the enterprise efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of from shrimp and crab shells the technology of chitin extraction, belong to chemical technology field.
Background technology
Chitin has another name called chitin, chitin, chitin etc.; it is a kind of linear glycosaminoglycan of keeping and protecting crustacean and microorganism body; extensively be present in Crustaceans such as crab, shrimp, mollusk, insect, fungi, marine alga and the higher plant cell wall; its aboundresources; output is only second to Mierocrystalline cellulose; being the second largest organic substance of nature, also is the nitrogenous natural organic high-molecular of the outer quantity maximum of nature isolating protein, and annual nature biotechnology resultant quantity is about 10,000,000,000 tons.Found more than one since century at chitin, people have carried out a large amount of basic and applied research to this compounds, disclosed it at food, beauty treatment, weaving, environment protection, agricultural, the using value in a series of fields such as biology, find that crust have the unexistent characteristic of Mierocrystalline cellulose, it is the present edibility animal fibre of unique cation in the world, also be considered to the protein that continues, sugar, fat, VITAMIN, the 6th vital principle beyond the mineral substance, can be applied in industrial circle as replacing plastics, agriculture field no longer needs agricultural chemicals as after having used this fertilizer; Cosmetic field is as adjusting skin etc. and medicine, mould material and other environmental protection, health field.Chitosan (chitosan) is the most important derivative of chitin, is the product of the part or all of deacetylation of chitin.In recent years, along with the development of polymer science and biomedical engineering, chitin and derivative chitosan thereof are also increasing in the applied research aspect medical.The multinomial experiment in home and abroad is verified, and chitin and derivative chitosan thereof have multiple pharmacological effect, and the clinical associated conditions that is used for the treatment of has been received good effect.
At present from shrimp and crab shells chitin extraction all by the pickling pond with boil the alkali pond, the pickling pond of ten cubic metres of volumes two days can only discharging once, supporting one five cubic metres boil the alkali pond, can produce 200 kilograms of chitins in two days.Ignition residue in the chitin that this method extracts can only be as the raw material of producing glucosamine hydrochloride generally more than 5%, and range of application is little, and profit margin is little.The acid base concentration height that is adopted does not cause reaction not exclusively 10% owing to in time stir, and the quality instability has been wasted soda acid and artificial simultaneously, and cost is increased.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of from shrimp and crab shells the technology of chitin extraction, overcome existing by the pickling pond with yielding poorly of boiling the alkali pond chitin extraction exists from shrimp and crab shells, of poor quality and because of reacting the quality instability that not exclusively causes, wasted acid-base raw materials and artificial simultaneously, the deficiency that cost is increased, improve the utilization ratio of soda acid by the present invention, increase output and improve the quality of products, help improving the performance of enterprises.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of from shrimp and crab shells the technology of chitin extraction, it is characterized in that, described technology shrimp and crab shells is put in the decalcification still dilute hydrochloric acid of squeezing into 2.8～3.2% quality proportionings after washing successively and aeration, the washing and shrimp and crab shells under the normal pressure fully reaction and aeration, reaction finish back venting spent acid to collecting tank, in the decalcification still, squeeze into clear water again and wash also aeration, when pH value 7～8 the time, boil in the alkali still going shrimp and crab shells behind the calcium to be put into together with water; In boiling the alkali still, put the back of anhydrating adds 4.8～5.2% quality proportionings in still alkali lye deproteinated under normal pressure, open jacket steam heating and beginning aeration, temperature is controlled at 85～95 ℃, be incubated 2 hours, put lixiviating liquid to collecting tank, wash and aeration boiling in the alkali still material with clear water, when pH value 7～8 the time, the material that washing is good is put into elimination water in the filtering basin together with water, obtains chitin and shifts out and dry.
The present invention is by pickling pond and the improvement of boiling alkali pond chitin extraction technology from shrimp and crab shells to existing, by washing and aeration in the decalcification still, with dilute hydrochloric acid reaction and aeration, add alkali lye heating aeration and washing aeration deproteinated through boiling the alkali still again, can produce 1000 kilograms of chitins every day, and can guarantee that its ignition residue is less than 1%, reach the requirement of food and medicine fully, be used for the production of healthcare products more, the present invention has improved the utilization ratio of soda acid, help increasing output and improve the quality of products, help improving the performance of enterprises.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments, technology of the present invention is that shrimp and crab shells is put in the decalcification still, makes it account for 3/4ths of volume, adds water to apart from 10 centimetres in still mouth, the unlatching roots blower is opened the aeration valve makes the interior shrimp and crab shells of still stir flush away silt up and down.So washed twice is put decontaminated water, squeezes into the dilute hydrochloric acid of 2.8～3.2% quality proportionings, and dilute hydrochloric acid adds the water preparation with 31% hydrochloric acid, opens aeration.Allow acid and shrimp and crab shells fully react under normal pressure, at the bottom of shrimp and crab shells all sinks to still, react completely, the venting spent acid is to collecting tank.Squeeze into clear water and begin washing, aeration simultaneously, until pH value between 7～8.Boil in the alkali still going shrimp and crab shells behind the calcium to be put into, put and anhydrate, in still, add alkali lye deproteinated under normal pressure of 4.8～5.2% quality proportionings together with water, alkali lye adds the water preparation with 99% sheet alkali, open the jacket steam heating, begin aeration simultaneously, make homogeneous heating.Temperature is controlled at 90 ± 5 ℃, is incubated 2 hours, puts lixiviating liquid to collecting tank.Wash with clear water, aeration simultaneously, to pH value between 7～8.The chitin that washing is good is put in the filtering basin together with water, and elimination water shifts out chitin and dries.
Spent acid alkali after collecting in present method can reuse, and concentration can be replenished dense improving inadequately.
Claims (3)
1. the technology of a chitin extraction from shrimp and crab shells, it is characterized in that, described technology is put into shrimp and crab shells and is added water washing and aeration in the decalcification still, put dilute hydrochloric acid and shrimp and crab shells abundant reaction and aeration under normal pressure that decontaminated water is squeezed into 2.8～3.2% quality proportionings after the washing, the venting spent acid was to collecting tank after reaction was finished, in the decalcification still, squeeze into clear water washing and aeration again, when the pH value 7～8 the time, boil in the alkali still going shrimp and crab shells behind the calcium to be put into together with water; In boiling the alkali still, put alkali lye deproteinated under normal pressure that the back of anhydrating adds 4.8～5.2% quality proportionings, open jacket steam heating and beginning aeration, temperature is controlled at 85～95 ℃, be incubated 2 hours, put lixiviating liquid to collecting tank, wash and aeration boiling in the alkali still material with clear water, when the pH value 7～8 the time, the material that washing is good is put into elimination water in the filtering basin together with water, obtains chitin and shifts out and dry.
2. according to claim 1 from shrimp and crab shells the technology of chitin extraction, it is characterized in that the shrimp and crab shells material of putting in the decalcification still accounts for decalcification still volumetrical 3/4ths.
3. according to claim 1 from shrimp and crab shells the technology of chitin extraction, it is characterized in that the preceding washing of shrimp and crab shells and dilute hydrochloric acid reaction is no less than twice in the decalcification still.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101827330A CN101659711B (en) | 2009-09-04 | 2009-09-04 | Technology for extracting chitin from shrimp and crab shells |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101827330A CN101659711B (en) | 2009-09-04 | 2009-09-04 | Technology for extracting chitin from shrimp and crab shells |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101659711A CN101659711A (en) | 2010-03-03 |
| CN101659711B true CN101659711B (en) | 2011-05-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101827330A Expired - Fee Related CN101659711B (en) | 2009-09-04 | 2009-09-04 | Technology for extracting chitin from shrimp and crab shells |
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| CN (1) | CN101659711B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107312109A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2017-11-03 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Chitin separating and extracting process in a kind of shrimp and crab shells based on degradable ionic liquid |
| CN107540764A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-01-05 | 慕善斌 | A kind of deacetylated processing method of energy-conserving and environment-protective chitin |
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2009
- 2009-09-04 CN CN2009101827330A patent/CN101659711B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101659711A (en) | 2010-03-03 |
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Granted publication date: 20110518 Termination date: 20110904 |