CN101658931A - Rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material and preparation technology thereof - Google Patents
Rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material and preparation technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101658931A CN101658931A CN200910183455A CN200910183455A CN101658931A CN 101658931 A CN101658931 A CN 101658931A CN 200910183455 A CN200910183455 A CN 200910183455A CN 200910183455 A CN200910183455 A CN 200910183455A CN 101658931 A CN101658931 A CN 101658931A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material and preparation method thereof. The material contains the following composition elements by mass percent: 30-45% of iron, 0.5-3% of aluminium, 3-8% of zinc, 0.1-1% of lanthanum or cerium or misch metal, 0.1-0.5% of manganese, 0-0.5% of aluminum fluoride, the balance copper and unavoidable micro impurity. Iron, aluminium, zinc and rare earth elements in the material are added and mixed in form of alloy powder of iron, aluminium, zinc, rare earth and copper, pressed to be formed at the pressure of 250-400MPa and sintered at 830-870 DEG C under the atmosphere of dissociated ammonia or mixed gas of argon and hydrogen, and then finishing and oil treatment are carried out, so that the oil bearingis obtained. Aluminium and other elements are added in form of alloy powder, oxidation of powder particles is avoided, thus providing thinking for aluminium-containing copper-base powder metallurgy material development. The oil bearing made by adopting the material and technology of the invention is good in abrasive resistance and corrosion resistance and has both high oil length and radial crushing strength.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material and preparation technology thereof, belong to the class of metal materials powder metallurgical technology.
Background technology
Oiliness bearing has been widely used in the multiple industries such as automobile, business machine, tame electrical article, electric tool, sound appliances, computer relevant device as the fundamental parts of electronic product.Along with the reinforcement of environmental consciousness, traditional 6-6-3 tin bronze powder oil containing bearing material is withdrawn from the market just gradually.Yet, use at present based on the defective that the no lead bronze tin spread powder of atomized copper powder or copper tin mixed powder exist that Song Bigao, oxygen content height, sintering strength are low, there is " green " look on the surface of product behind the sintering, limited the scope of its application.Secondly easily produce segregation during alloy sintering, badly influence the precision of size after the shaping, and the dead-end pore rate of sintered body is than higher, cause the product of equal densities the phenomenon of oil content deficiency to occur.
In addition, the copper resource comparatively lacks in China, and its manufacturing cost is higher.For this reason, Chinese invention patent 00125035.3 discloses a kind of " powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing and manufacture method thereof ", its inventive point is with iron instead of part copper, but exists iron powder and matrix bond not firm in preparation process, and the rare earth powder problem of oxidation very easily.
Excellences such as the mechanical strength of aluminium bronze, corrosion resistance, wearability have obtained extensive use in industry.Though also manufactured experimently the aluminium bronze goods with powder metallurgical technique, all fail practicability, its main cause is to contain aluminium powder preferential oxidation when sintering, forms strong oxide by overlay film, has hindered the carrying out of sintering between powder.Therefore, the copper based powder metallurgy material that contains aluminium is not applied industrial.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention provides a kind of rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material and preparation technology thereof, under the identical prerequisite of the oil content of oiliness bearing, improve intensity, anti-wear performance and the corrosion resisting property of material, be not higher than used oil containing bearing material at cost simultaneously.
To achieve the above object of the invention, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material, each composition element of forming this material is by mass percentage: iron 30～45%, aluminium 0.5～3%, zinc 3～8%, lanthanum or cerium or mishmetal 0.1～1%, manganese 0.1～0.5%, aluminum fluoride 0～0.5%, all the other are copper and inevitable trace impurity.
The preparation method of rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material of the present invention, at first, iron in the described rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material, aluminium, zinc, rare earth element add with the binary or the multicomponent alloy form of powder of iron, aluminium, zinc, rare earth and copper, manganese adds with the form of ferromanganese powder, aluminum fluoride adds with the form of aluminum fluoride powder, in raw material the contained copper, not enough part adds with the form of copper powders may in the alloy; After above-mentioned element material mixes, finish according to the following steps:
(1) produce powder compact: compound is poured in the die cavity of pressing mold, through compacting, made pressed compact, pressing pressure is 250～400MPa;
(2) atmosphere sintering of pressed compact: with above-mentioned pressed compact under the atmosphere of cracked ammonium or argon gas and hydrogen gas mixture, presintering heating 0.5～2.5h is warmed up to 550～650 ℃, and main again sintering is heated to 830～870 ℃, insulation 1.5～2h is after 1～2h cools to normal temperature with the furnace;
(3) finishing of sinter: sinter suppressed being shaped to sintered part by pressing mold with accurate shape and size precision;
(4) immersion oil is handled: above-mentioned sintered part is carried out immersion oil handle under negative pressure.
The present invention is compared with prior art: with iron instead of part copper, in order to solve the problem that has iron powder and matrix bond interface difference in preparation process, the iron in the material of the present invention adds with the iron/copper form of powder (1); (2) far above zinc, aluminium also can improve the corrosion resisting property of material to aluminium simultaneously to the solution strengthening effect of material, so adopt aluminium to replace part zinc element in the material of the present invention.But the chemism of aluminium is very strong, and easily oxidation so one deck chemically stable, aluminum oxide film that intensity is high are arranged on the surface of aluminium powder, has hindered the carrying out of sintering between powder, and for this reason, the aluminium element in the material of the present invention adds with the form of copper-aluminium powder; (3) rare earth is as the high-efficiency activated catalyst of alloy powder in sintering process, make powder particle be more prone to combination, and rare earth element has improved the pore communication of sintered body to the grain refinement effect of alloy, thereby the oil content height of sintered body, self-lubricating effect is good during bearing working, frictional resistance is little, and operating noise is little.But extremely vivaciously spontaneous combustion in air of rare earth powder causes rare earth powder to deposit and use and all compare difficulty, so in the present invention with the form adding of copper and lanthanum, cerium or mishmetal Ce, alloy powder; (4) much larger than zinc, except that the solution strengthening effect, the effect of manganese is to improve decay resistance, anti-wear performance and the heat resistance of bearing to manganese in the alloy to the solution strengthening effect of alloy; (5) effect of aluminum fluoride is that the aluminum fluoride oxide strong with containing the aluminium powder surface reacted by overlay film in the alloy, generates gasification and removes mutually, promotes the sintering of powder, so that give full play to aluminium to the alloy invigoration effect.
The significant technical characterstic of rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material of the present invention and technology of preparing thereof is, has not only added rare earth grain refinement element in the alloy, and aluminium becomes the main intensified element of alloy.Element such as aluminium adds with the form of alloy powder on preparation technology, has avoided the oxidation of powder particle, for the exploitation of the copper based powder metallurgy material that contains aluminium provides thinking.The present invention adopts oiliness bearing wearability, the corrosion resistance of material and technology preparation good, has both high oil content and radial crushing strength simultaneously.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Example one:
A kind of rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material, the mass percent of its each constituent element is: iron 30%, aluminium 0.5%, zinc 8%, lanthanum 0.5%, manganese 0.2%, all the other are copper and inevitable trace impurity.
With Fe-20%Cu, Cu-10%Al, Cu-20%Zn, Cu-20%La, Mn-15%Fe, Cu powder is raw material, takes by weighing by the composition element percentage composition of alloy, and mixes 30～45min in double cone mixer, the powder that obtains mixing.
Preparation technology: compound is poured in the die cavity of pressing mold with the 400MPa press forming; With pressed compact at Ar and H
2In the atmosphere (the about 243K of dew point), presintering heating 2.5h is warmed up to 650 ℃, and main again sintering is heated to 830 ℃, and insulation 2h after 1h cools to normal temperature with the furnace, gets the oiliness bearing sinter.Sinter is suppressed shaping by pressing mold, obtain oiliness bearing casting die with accurate shape and size precision.
The performance data of being tested is as shown in Table 1:
Table one: the main performance of example one
| Performance density radial crushing strength oil content hardness |
| The g MPa of unit volume % HB test value 6.39 241 22.51 61 |
Example two:
A kind of rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material, the mass percent of its each constituent element is: iron 35%, aluminium 3%, zinc 3%, cerium 0.1%, manganese 0.1%, aluminum fluoride 0.5%, all the other are copper and inevitable trace impurity.
With Fe-20%Cu, Cu-10%Al, Cu-20%Zn, Cu-20%Ce, Mn-15%Fe, Cu, AlF
3Powder is a raw material, takes by weighing by the composition element percentage composition of alloy, and mixes 30～45min in double cone mixer, the powder that obtains mixing.
Preparation technology: compound is poured in the die cavity of pressing mold with the 250MPa press forming; With pressed compact at Ar and H
2In the atmosphere (the about 243K of dew point), presintering heating 0.5h is warmed up to 600 ℃, and main again sintering is heated to 870 ℃, and insulation 1.5h after 2h cools to normal temperature with the furnace, gets the oiliness bearing sinter; Sinter is suppressed shaping by pressing mold, obtain oiliness bearing casting die with accurate shape and size precision.
The performance data of being tested is as shown in Table 2:
Table two: the main performance of example two
| Performance density radial crushing strength oil content hardness |
| The g MPa of unit volume % HB test value 6.3 254 26.44 64 |
Example three:
A kind of rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material, the mass percent of its each constituent element is: iron 45%, aluminium 1.5%, zinc 4%, mishmetal 1%, manganese 0.5%, aluminum fluoride 0.2%, all the other are copper and inevitable trace impurity.
With Fe-20%Cu, Cu-10%Al, Cu-20%Zn, Cu-20%RE, Mn-15%Fe, Cu, AlF
3Powder is a raw material, takes by weighing by the composition element percentage composition of alloy, and mixes 30-45min in double cone mixer, the powder that obtains mixing.
Preparation technology: compound is poured in the die cavity of pressing mold and be shaped with the 350MPa pressing pressure; In cracked ammonium atmosphere, presintering heating 2h is warmed up to 550 ℃ gradually with pressed compact, and main again sintering is heated to 870 ℃, and insulation 1.5h after 2h cools to normal temperature with the furnace, gets the oiliness bearing sinter; Sinter is suppressed shaping by pressing mold, obtain oiliness bearing casting die with accurate shape and size precision.
The performance data of being tested is as shown in Table 3:
Table three: the main performance of example three
The foregoing description does not limit the present invention in any way, and every employing is equal to replaces or technical scheme that the mode of equivalent transformation obtains all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material is characterized in that each composition element of forming this material is by mass percentage: iron 30～45%, aluminium 0.5～3%, zinc 3～8%, lanthanum or cerium or mishmetal 0.1～1%, manganese 0.1～0.5%, aluminum fluoride 0～0.5%, all the other are copper and inevitable trace impurity.
2, the preparation method of rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the iron in the described rare earth powder metallurgy iron aldurbra-containing oil bearing material, aluminium, zinc, rare earth element add with the binary or the multicomponent alloy form of powder of iron, aluminium, zinc, rare earth and copper, manganese adds with the form of ferromanganese powder, aluminum fluoride adds with the form of aluminum fluoride powder, in raw material the contained copper, not enough part adds with the form of copper powders may in the alloy; Finish according to the following steps after above-mentioned element mixed:
(1) produce powder compact: compound is poured in the die cavity of pressing mold, through compacting, made pressed compact, pressing pressure is 250～400MPa;
(2) atmosphere sintering of pressed compact: with above-mentioned pressed compact under the atmosphere of cracked ammonium or argon gas and hydrogen gas mixture, presintering heating 0.5～2.5h is warmed up to 550～650 ℃, and main again sintering is heated to 830～870 ℃, insulation 1.5～2h is after 1～2h cools to normal temperature with the furnace;
(3) finishing of sinter: sinter suppressed being shaped to sintered part by pressing mold with accurate shape and size precision;
(4) immersion oil is handled: above-mentioned sintered part is carried out immersion oil handle under negative pressure.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103406533A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-11-27 | 安徽瑞泰汽车零部件有限责任公司 | Powder metallurgy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN110153405A (en) * | 2018-02-16 | 2019-08-23 | 大同特殊钢株式会社 | Hard-particle powder for sintered body |
| CN112157267A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-01 | 南通冠达粉末冶金有限公司 | Powder metallurgy oil-retaining bearing material and preparation process thereof |
| CN113351868A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-07 | 北京有研粉末新材料研究院有限公司 | High-strength high-porosity powder metallurgy pure copper material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114686720A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-01 | 广西纵览线缆集团有限公司 | Preparation process of rare earth alloying Cu-Fe alloy |
| CN115287550A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-04 | 海安县鹰球粉末冶金有限公司 | High-wear-resistance and high-precision combined material hollow oil-retaining bearing and preparation method thereof |
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2009
- 2009-09-22 CN CN2009101834550A patent/CN101658931B/en active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103406533A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-11-27 | 安徽瑞泰汽车零部件有限责任公司 | Powder metallurgy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103406533B (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2016-02-10 | 安徽瑞泰汽车零部件有限责任公司 | A kind of powder metallurgy and preparation method thereof |
| CN110153405A (en) * | 2018-02-16 | 2019-08-23 | 大同特殊钢株式会社 | Hard-particle powder for sintered body |
| CN112157267A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-01 | 南通冠达粉末冶金有限公司 | Powder metallurgy oil-retaining bearing material and preparation process thereof |
| CN114686720A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-01 | 广西纵览线缆集团有限公司 | Preparation process of rare earth alloying Cu-Fe alloy |
| CN113351868A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-07 | 北京有研粉末新材料研究院有限公司 | High-strength high-porosity powder metallurgy pure copper material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115287550A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-04 | 海安县鹰球粉末冶金有限公司 | High-wear-resistance and high-precision combined material hollow oil-retaining bearing and preparation method thereof |
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