CN101655606B

CN101655606B - Image display apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN101655606B
Application number: CN2009101661674A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 武川洋
Original assignee: Sony Corp
Current assignee: Sony Corp
Priority date: 2008-08-18
Filing date: 2009-08-18
Publication date: 2012-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-18
Also published as: EP2157460A1; US9075232B2; JP4706737B2; US20160299345A1; JP2010044326A; US8928984B2; US20100039796A1; US20120287675A1; US10180574B2; US20150109678A1; US8638499B2; US20140078591A1; CN101655606A; US9383583B2

Abstract

An image display apparatus includes an image forming device, a collimating optical system, and an optical device. The optical device includes a light guide plate, a first deflecting member that deflects light incident on the light guide plate, and a second deflecting member that deflects the light, which propagates in the light guide plate by total reflection, a plurality of times. The first and second deflecting members are provided in the light guide plate. Light having one wavelength emitted from at least one pixel satisfies the following condition: 2 t sin -2 W Y 2 t sin 2 where an axial direction of the light guide plate is the Y-direction, W Y represents the width in the Y-direction of the light incident on the light guide plate, t represents the thickness of the light guide plate, and represents the total reflection angle.

Description

Image display

The cross reference of related application

The application is contained in the disclosed theme of submitting in Jap.P. office on August 18th, 2008 of japanese priority patent application JP 2008-209857, and its full content is hereby expressly incorporated by reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind ofly be used to make the observer to watch the image display of the two dimensional image that forms by imaging device etc.

Background technology

Japanese unexamined patent open (translation of PCT application) 2005-521099 number and japanese unexamined patent disclose 2006-162767 number and have disclosed virtual image display device (image display); Wherein, virtual image optical system allows the observer to watch as the two dimensional image that is formed by imaging device that amplifies the virtual image.

Fig. 1 is the concept map of this image display.Referring to Fig. 1; Image display 700 (be known as first kind image display 700 for ease and in Fig. 1, represent with reference number 100) comprises imaging device 711 (being 111 among Fig. 1) with a plurality of pixels that are arranged in two-dimensional matrix, is used for making collimating optical system 712 (Fig. 1 is 112) and the optical devices 720 (being 120 Fig. 1) that penetrate optical alignment from the pixel of imaging device 711, incides on these optical devices through the light of collimating optical system 712 collimations.This incident light is directed and penetrates from optical devices 720.Optical devices 720 comprise LGP 721 (being 121 among Fig. 1), first optical component 730 (be 130 among Fig. 1, for example, formed by the individual layer reflective membrane) and second optical component 740 (be 140 among Fig. 1, for example, formed by the reflective multilayer film with hierarchy).Incident light is propagated in LGP 721 through total reflection, penetrates from LGP 721 then.First optical component 730 makes the light reflection of inciding on the LGP 721, make this incident light in LGP 721, reflected fully, and second optical component 740 penetrates the light of LGP 721, propagating through total reflection from LGP 721.For example, when using this image display 700 to make HMD (head mounted display, Head-Mounted Display), can reduce the weight and the size of display.

In addition; Japanese unexamined patent discloses 2007-94175 number and has disclosed the virtual image display device (image display) that uses holographic diffraction grating; Wherein, virtual image optical system allows the observer to watch as the two dimensional image that is formed by imaging device that amplifies the virtual image.

Fig. 4 A is the concept map of this image display.Referring to Fig. 4 A; Image display 800 (be known as second type of image display 800 for ease and in Fig. 4 A, represent with reference number 300) consists essentially of the imaging device 811 (Fig. 4 A is 111), collimating optical system 812 (being 112 among Fig. 4 A) and the virtual image optical system (optical devices 820 that are used for display image; In Fig. 4 A, represent) with reference number 320; Wherein, the light that is shown by imaging device 811 incides on this virtual image optical system.Incident light is directed to observer's eyes 10.Optical devices 820 comprise LGP 821 (being 321 among Fig. 4 A) and first diffraction grating member 830 (being 330 among Fig. 4 A) and second diffraction grating member 840 (being 340 among Fig. 4 A), and these diffraction grating members are set on the LGP 821.In first diffraction grating member 830 and second diffraction grating member 840 each is all formed by the reflective volume holographic diffraction grating.The light that pixel from imaging device 811 penetrates gets into collimating optical system 812, and wherein light is converted into directional light, and directional light gets into LGP 821.The first surface 822 (being 322 among Fig. 4 A) that directional light incides LGP 821 is gone up and from its ejaculation.On the other hand, first diffraction grating member 830 and second diffraction grating member 840 are installed on the second surface 823 (among Fig. 4 A 323) of the LGP 821 that is parallel to first surface 822.

Summary of the invention

In first kind image display 700, shown in figure 13 when observer's eyes 10 are positioned at regional A, the light that penetrates from collimating optical system 712 arrives eyes 10.Yet, when the area B of eyes 10 between regional A, do not have light to penetrate and arrive eyes 10 from collimating optical system 712.Even light is penetrated, the amount of the light that is penetrated seriously reduces.In Figure 13, in order to clearly demonstrate, regional A is drawn shade with twill.Therefore, in first kind image display 700,, in institute's images displayed, produced brightness irregularities and color is inhomogeneous according to the position of observer's eyes.

In second type of image display 800; Second diffraction grating member 840 penetrates light gradually from LGP 821; Make this light reflection and diffraction simultaneously repeatedly; So that under the situation that does not increase LGP 821 thickness, show and enlarge the scope (eyes case, eye box) that the observer can watch image with wideer visual angle.Even in second type of image display 800, shown in figure 14 when observer's eyes 10 are positioned at regional A or zone C, the directional light that penetrates from collimating optical system 812 also can arrive eyes 10.Yet, when eyes 10 are positioned at area B, do not have light to penetrate and arrive eyes 10 from collimating optical system 812.Even light is penetrated, the amount of the light that is penetrated also seriously reduces.Therefore, in second type of image display 800,, in institute's images displayed, also produced brightness irregularities and color is inhomogeneous according to the position of observer's eyes.

Be desirable to provide a kind of image display, it has such configuration: even move the position of observer's eyes, can make also when watching the two dimensional image that is formed by imaging device etc. that brightness irregularities and color are inhomogeneous to minimize.

Image display according to an embodiment of the invention comprises:

(A) imaging device comprises a plurality of pixels that are arranged in two-dimensional matrix;

(B) collimating optical system is configured to convert the light that each pixel from imaging device penetrates into directional light; And

(C) optical devices, directional light incides on these optical devices from this collimating optical system, and directional light is directed in these optical devices, and directional light penetrates from it.

These optical devices comprise:

(a) LGP, this incident light is being propagated the back from this LGP ejaculation in LGP through total reflection;

(b) first inflector assembly is configured to make the light deflection of inciding on the LGP, makes this incident light in this LGP, reflected fully; And

(c) second inflector assembly is configured to make the light deflection of in LGP, propagating through total reflection repeatedly, so that light penetrates from LGP.

Term " total reflection " refers to internal reflection completely or total reflection in LGP.This also is applicable to following content.

In the image display of this embodiment, first inflector assembly and second inflector assembly are set in the LGP, and from the light with a kind of wavelength that at least one pixel the penetrates 2tsin θ-2≤W that satisfies condition _Y≤2tsin θ+2, preferably, 2tsin θ-1≤W _Y≤2tsin θ+1, and more preferably, W _Y=2tsin θ, wherein, the axis direction of LGP is the Y direction, the normal direction of LGP is a directions X, W _Y(unit: mm) width of light beam on the Y direction on the LGP incided in expression, and (unit: the mm) thickness of expression LGP, and θ is illustrated in the LGP by the incident angle of light on the inside surface of LGP that reflects fully t.

Alternatively, first inflector assembly and said second inflector assembly can be set on the surface of LGP, and the 2ttan θ-2≤W that can satisfy condition _Y≤2ttan θ+2, preferably, 2ttan θ-1≤W _Y≤2ttan θ+1, and more preferably, W _Y=2ttan θ, wherein, the axis direction of LGP is the Y direction, the normal direction of LGP is a directions X, W _Y(unit: mm) width of light beam on the Y direction on the LGP incided in expression, and (unit: the mm) thickness of expression LGP, and θ is illustrated in the LGP by the incident angle of light on the inside surface of LGP that reflects fully t.

Image display according to another embodiment of the invention comprises:

(A) light source;

(B) collimating optical system is configured to convert the light that penetrates from light source into directional light;

(C) scanister is configured to the directional light that penetrates from collimating optical system is scanned;

(D) relay optical system (relay optical system) is configured to the directional light through scanister scanning is carried out relaying; And

(E) optical devices incide on these optical devices from the directional light of relay optical system, and directional light is directed in these optical devices, and directional light penetrates from it.

These optical devices comprise:

(a) LGP, incident light is being propagated the back from this LGP ejaculation in this LGP through total reflection;

(b) first inflector assembly is configured to make the light deflection of inciding on the LGP, makes incident light in LGP, reflected fully; And

Alternatively, first inflector assembly and second inflector assembly can be set on the surface of LGP, and the 2ttan θ-2≤W that can satisfy condition _Y≤2ttan θ+2, preferably, 2ttan θ-1≤W _Y≤2ttan θ+1, and more preferably, W _Y=2ttan θ, wherein, the axis direction of LGP is the Y direction, the normal direction of LGP is a directions X, W _Y(unit: mm) width of light beam on the Y direction on the LGP incided in expression, and (unit: the mm) thickness of expression LGP, and θ is illustrated in the LGP by the incident angle of light on the inside surface of LGP that reflects fully t.

In the image display according to the foregoing description, first inflector assembly can make the light reflection of inciding on the LGP, and second inflector assembly can make the transmittance of in LGP, propagating through total reflection also reflect repeatedly.In this case, first inflector assembly can play the effect of catoptron, and second inflector assembly can play the effect of semi-permeable mirror.

First inflector assembly can make the optical diffraction that incides on the LGP, and second inflector assembly can make the optical diffraction in LGP, propagated through total reflection repeatedly.In this case, first inflector assembly and second inflector assembly can be formed by defraction grating device.These defraction grating devices can be reflection-type diffraction grating element or transmission-type defraction grating device.Alternatively, a defraction grating device can be the reflection-type diffraction grating element, and another defraction grating device can be the transmission-type defraction grating device.In these cases, meet the following conditions:

2t·tanθ-2≤L _H-1≤2t·tanθ+2

Wherein, L _H-1(unit: the mm) effective length of expression first inflector assembly on the Y direction.

In image display, satisfied condition 2tsin θ-2≤W according to the foregoing description _Y≤2tsin θ+2 or condition 2ttan θ-2≤W _Y≤2ttan θ+2.For this reason, even move the position of observer's eyes, it is inhomogeneous in the two dimensional image that is formed by imaging device etc., seldom to observe the even color of brightness disproportionation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the concept map according to the image display of embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 shows light in the image display of embodiment 1 or the concept map of situation about propagating in the LGP in the image display of embodiment 2;

Fig. 3 is the concept map of the image display of embodiment 2;

Fig. 4 A is the concept map according to the image display of embodiment 3, and Fig. 4 B is the schematic cross-section of amplification of the part of reflective volume holographic diffraction grating (reflective volume hologram diffractongrating);

Fig. 5 shows in the image display that directional light gets into embodiment 3 or the concept map of the situation of the LGP in the image display of embodiment 4;

Fig. 6 shows the situation concept map that the observer has on the image display of two embodiment 3;

Fig. 7 is the concept map of the image display of embodiment 4;

Fig. 8 is the concept map of modified example that is applicable to the imaging device of embodiment 1 or 3;

Fig. 9 is the concept map of another modified example that is applicable to the imaging device of embodiment 1 or 3;

Figure 10 is the concept map of another modified example that is applicable to the imaging device of embodiment 1 or 3;

Figure 11 is the concept map of another modified example that is applicable to the imaging device of embodiment 1 or 3;

Figure 12 is the concept map of another modified example that is applicable to the imaging device of embodiment 1 or 3;

Figure 13 is the concept map of the problem of first kind image display in the explanation prior art; And

Figure 14 explains the concept map of the problem of second type of image display in the prior art.

Embodiment

Below, will describe embodiments of the invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing.

In image display according to embodiment; Imaging device can comprise reflective slms and light source; Comprise transmissive spatial light modulator and light source, perhaps comprise light-emitting component such as organic EL (electroluminescence) element, inorganic EL element or light emitting diode (LED).Particularly, preferably, imaging device comprises reflective slms and light source.For example, spatial light modulator can be formed by light valve, transmission or reflection LCD (such as LCOS (liquid crystal over silicon)) or DMD (DMD), and light source can be formed by light-emitting component.In addition, this reflective slms can comprise LCD and polarization beam apparatus, and this polarization beam apparatus will reflex to LCD from the part of the light of light source and make by the part transmittance of LCD reflection to collimating optical system.The light-emitting component that forms light source comprises (for example) red light-emitting component, green luminousing element, blue light emitting device and white-light luminescent component.Light-emitting component can be formed by semiconductor Laser device or LED.Can confirm the number of pixel according to the specification of image display.For example, the concrete number of pixel is 320 * 240,432 * 240,640 * 480,1024 * 768 or 1920 * 1080.

In the image display according to another embodiment, light source can be formed by for example light-emitting component.More specifically, light-emitting component can comprise red light-emitting component, green luminousing element, blue light emitting device and white-light luminescent component.For example, light-emitting component can be formed by semiconductor Laser device or LED.The number of the pixel in the image display of this embodiment (virtual pixel) can be confirmed according to the specification of image display.For example, the concrete number of pixel (virtual pixel) is 320 * 240,432 * 240,640 * 480,1024 * 768 or 1920 * 1080.When light source comprised red light-emitting component, green luminousing element and blue light emitting device, for example, preferably, it was synthetic to use crossed nicols to carry out color.The scanning member can be formed by the MEMS with rotatable micro mirror on two-dimensional directional (microelectromechanical systems) or level and the galvanometer mirror that vertically scans the light that penetrates from light source.Relay optical system can be formed by the relay optical system of prior art.

Remove the imaging device comprise light-emitting component and light valve, perhaps comprise that the combination of LCD that is used for penetrating the backlight of white light generally and has redness, green and blue-light-emitting pixel as the imaging device of light source, can provide following these structures as an example.

Imaging device A

Imaging device A comprises:

(a) first image-generating unit that forms by first luminescent panel, wherein, first light-emitting component that is used to penetrate blue light is arranged in two-dimensional matrix;

(b) second image-generating unit that forms by second luminescent panel, wherein, second light-emitting component that is used to penetrate green glow is arranged in two-dimensional matrix;

(c) the 3rd image-generating unit that forms by the 3rd luminescent panel, wherein, the 3rd light-emitting component that is used to penetrate ruddiness is arranged in two-dimensional matrix; And

(d) merge cells, the optical path of the light that will penetrate from first image-generating unit, second image-generating unit and the 3rd image-generating unit are merged into an optical path (for example, dichroic prism, this also is applicable to following description).

Imaging device A controls each the luminous/non-luminance in first light-emitting component, second light-emitting component and the 3rd light-emitting component.

Imaging device B

Imaging device B comprises:

(a) first image-generating unit; Comprise and be used to penetrate first light-emitting component of blue light and be used to control the first printing opacity control module of transmission/non-transmission of the blue light that penetrates from first light-emitting component that (the first printing opacity control module is a kind of light valve; And comprise for example LCD, DMD (DMD) and LCOS, this also is adapted to following description);

(b) second image-generating unit comprises the second printing opacity control module (light valve) that is used to penetrate second light-emitting component of green glow and is used to control the transmission/non-transmission of the green glow that penetrates from second light-emitting component;

(c) the 3rd image-generating unit comprises the 3rd printing opacity control module (light valve) that is used to penetrate the 3rd light-emitting component of ruddiness and is used to control the transmission/non-transmission of the ruddiness that penetrates from the 3rd light-emitting component; And

(d) merge cells, the optical path of light that will be through the first printing opacity control module, the second printing opacity control module and the 3rd printing opacity control module is merged into an optical path.

The seeing through of the light that imaging device B penetrates from light-emitting component through printing opacity control module control/non-transmission comes display image.As being used for the device (light conducting member) of the photoconduction that penetrates from first light-emitting component, second light-emitting component and the 3rd light-emitting component to the printing opacity control module for example, can be used optical waveguide, microlens array, catoptron, reflecting plate or collector lens.

Imaging device C

Imaging device C comprises:

(a) first image-generating unit comprises the blue light transmission control module (light valve) of the transmission/non-transmission of the blue light that first luminescent panel and control that first light-emitting component that is used to penetrate blue light is arranged in two-dimensional matrix are penetrated from first luminescent panel;

(b) second image-generating unit comprises the green glow transmission control module (light valve) of the transmission/non-transmission of the green glow that second luminescent panel and control that second light-emitting component that is used to penetrate green glow is arranged in two-dimensional matrix are penetrated from second luminescent panel;

(c) the 3rd image-generating unit comprises the ruddiness transmission control module (light valve) of the transmission/non-transmission of the ruddiness that the 3rd luminescent panel and control that the 3rd light-emitting component that is used to penetrate ruddiness is arranged in two-dimensional matrix are penetrated from the 3rd luminescent panel; And

(d) merge cells, the optical path of light that will be through blue light transmission control module, green glow transmission control module and ruddiness transmission control module is merged into an optical path.

Imaging device C comes display image through printing opacity control module (light valve) control from optical transmission/non-transmission that first luminescent panel, second luminescent panel and the 3rd luminescent panel penetrate.

Imaging device D

Imaging device D is the colored imaging device that shows of field order type.This imaging device D comprises:

(a) first image-generating unit comprises first light-emitting component that is used to penetrate blue light;

(b) second image-generating unit comprises second light-emitting component that is used to penetrate green glow;

(c) the 3rd image-generating unit comprises the 3rd light-emitting component that is used to penetrate ruddiness;

(d) merge cells, the optical path of the light that will penetrate from first image-generating unit, second image-generating unit and the 3rd image-generating unit is combined as an optical path; And

(e) printing opacity control module (light valve), optical transmission/non-transmission that control is penetrated from merge cells.

Imaging device D comes display image through the control of printing opacity control module from optical transmission/non-transmission that these light-emitting components penetrate.

Imaging device E

Imaging device E also is the colored imaging device that shows of field order type.This imaging device E comprises:

(a) first image-generating unit comprises first luminescent panel, and wherein, first light-emitting component that is used to penetrate blue light is arranged in two-dimensional matrix;

(b) second image-generating unit comprises second luminescent panel, and wherein, second light-emitting component that is used to penetrate green glow is arranged in two-dimensional matrix;

(c) the 3rd image-generating unit comprises the 3rd luminescent panel, and wherein, the 3rd light-emitting component that is used to penetrate ruddiness is arranged in two-dimensional matrix;

(d) merge cells, the optical path of the light that will penetrate from first image-generating unit, second image-generating unit and the 3rd image-generating unit is merged into an optical path; And

Imaging device E comes display image through the control of printing opacity control module from optical transmission/non-transmission that these luminescent panels penetrate.

Imaging device F

Imaging device F is active or the colored demonstration imaging device of passive matrix, and this device comes display image through luminous/non-luminance of controlling first light-emitting component, second light-emitting component and the 3rd light-emitting component.

Imaging device G

Imaging device G is the colored imaging device that shows of field order type.Imaging device G comprises printing opacity control module (light valve), optical transmission/non-transmission that control is penetrated from the light-emitting device unit that is arranged in two-dimensional matrix.Imaging device G is through the luminous/non-luminance with first light-emitting component, second light-emitting component and the 3rd light-emitting component in the time division way control light-emitting device unit, and comes display image through the control of printing opacity control module from optical transmission/non-transmission that first light-emitting component, second luminous yuan and the 3rd light-emitting component penetrate.

In image display according to the above embodiment of the present invention, as stated, first deflection component plays the effect of catoptron, and second deflection component plays the effect of semi-permeable mirror.In this configuration; For example; First deflection component can be comprised that the metal of alloy is made and is configured to make the reflective membrane (a kind of catoptron) of the light reflection of inciding on the LGP to form by utilization; Perhaps by being used to make the diffraction grating (for example, holographic diffraction grating film) that incides the optical diffraction on the LGP to form.Second deflection component can be formed by sandwich construction, half-mirror, polarization beam apparatus or the holographic diffraction grating film that a plurality of deielectric-coating are stacked.

In the image display according to the embodiment of the invention, first deflection component and second deflection component are set up (incorporating into) in LGP.First deflection component makes directional light reflection or the diffraction that incides on the LGP, makes that the directional light of incident is reflected in LGP fully.On the contrary, second deflection component makes the directional light reflection of in LGP, propagating through total reflection or diffraction repeatedly, and directional light is penetrated from LGP.

In the image display according to the embodiment of the invention, as stated, each in first deflection component and second deflection component is all preferably formed by reflection-type diffraction grating element (more preferably, reflective volume holographic diffraction grating).For ease, first deflection component that is formed by the reflective volume holographic diffraction grating is known as " first diffraction grating member " sometimes, and is known as " second diffraction grating member " sometimes by second deflection component that the reflective volume holographic diffraction grating forms.

For make have P different-waveband (or wavelength) the P kind (for example; Corresponding to red, green and blue three kinds) beam diffraction or reflection; In first diffraction grating member or second diffraction grating member, each can be stacked by P the diffraction grating layer that the reflective volume holographic diffraction grating forms.Each diffraction grating layer is provided with the interference fringe corresponding to a wave band (or wavelength).Alternatively, in order to make P kind beam diffraction or the reflection with P different-waveband (or wavelength), first diffraction grating member or second diffraction grating member can be formed by a diffraction grating layer that is provided with P kind interference fringe.In addition, alternatively, for example, the visual angle can be divided into three parts, and first diffraction grating member or second diffraction grating member can form through a plurality of diffraction grating layers that pile up corresponding to these parts at visual angle.Through adopting these structures, when the light beam with these wave bands (or wavelength) by first diffraction grating member or second diffraction grating member diffraction or the reflex time, can increase diffraction efficiency and acceptable angle of diffraction and this angle of diffraction of optimization.

For example, first diffraction grating member and second diffraction grating member can be formed by photopolymer material.First diffraction grating member that is formed by the reflective volume holographic diffraction grating and the material of second diffraction grating member and basic structure can be identical with the material and the basic structure of the reflective volume holographic diffraction grating of prior art.Here, the reflective volume holographic diffraction grating only is meant and makes+holographic diffraction grating of 1 rank diffraction light diffraction and refraction.When diffraction grating member was provided with the interference fringe that extends to its outside from the inboard of diffraction grating member, the formation method of interference fringe can be identical with method used in the prior art.More specifically; For example, the material (for example, photopolymer material) of formation diffraction grating member shines with object light on first predetermined direction; And on second predetermined direction, shine simultaneously, thereby object light and reference light form interference fringe in the material that forms diffraction grating member with reference light.Through suitably selecting first predetermined direction, second predetermined direction and object light and with reference to light wavelength, these interference fringes can be arranged on the surface of diffraction grating member with desirable pitch angle with desired pitch.Here, the pitch angle of interference fringe is meant the surface that is formed on diffraction grating member (or diffraction grating layer) and the angle between the interference fringe.When first diffraction grating member and second diffraction grating member are formed when having the hierarchy that every layer of P diffraction grating layer that is formed by the reflective volume holographic diffraction grating be stacked; P diffraction grating layer formed respectively, and piles up (joint) with for example ultraviolet curable resin bonding agent then.Alternatively, the diffraction grating layer that P diffraction grating layer can be through forming a bonding photopolymer material, sequentially the layer of a plurality of bonding photopolymer material is engaged forming above that then.

In image display, make a plurality of parallel beams get into LGP through the collimating optical system collimation according to the foregoing description.The reason that light beam becomes parallel beam is based on the following fact: even after these light beams penetrate from LGP via first deflection component and second deflection component, the wavefront information that when these light beams get into LGP, is obtained also can be stored.In order to produce a plurality of parallel beams, for example, imaging device is placed on the position corresponding to the focal length of collimating optical system.Here, collimating optical system is used for the locations of pixels information translation is become the angle information of the optical system of optical devices.

In image display according to an embodiment of the invention, LGP has two parallel surfaces (first surface and second surface) that the axis (Y direction) that is parallel to LGP extends.A surface (light incides on this surface) of supposing LGP is the plane of incidence; And a surface of LGP (light penetrates from this surface) is exit facet; Then the plane of incidence and exit facet can be limited first surface, and perhaps the plane of incidence can be limited and exit facet can be limited second surface first surface.

For example, LGP can be formed by the glass material that comprises optical glass (such as quartz glass or BK7) or plastic material (for example, PMMA, polycarbonate resin, acryl resin, amorphous polypropylene resin or comprise the styrene resin of AS resin).LGP is not limited to flat board, and can be bent.

For example, collimating optical system can be by having positive luminous power (opticalpower) on the whole and comprising convex lens, concavees lens, can adjust surperficial prism or holographic lens forms or combined by them separately.

For example, can use image display to form lighter and littler HMD according to arbitrary embodiment of the present invention.In this case, can reduce the observer's who wears HMD sense of discomfort greatly, and can reduce manufacturing cost.

Embodiment 1

Fig. 1 be below will describe according to the image display 100 of embodiment 1 or according to the concept map of the image display 300 of embodiment 3.Referring to Fig. 1, image display 100 or 300 comprises:

(A) imaging device 111, comprise a plurality of pixels that are arranged in two-dimensional matrix;

(B) collimating optical system 112, will convert directional light into from the light that the pixel the imaging device 111 penetrates; And

(C) optical devices 120 or 320, directional light incides on these optical devices from collimating optical system 112, and in these optical devices, directional light is directed, and directional light is from wherein penetrating.

In embodiment 1, optical devices 120 comprise:

(a) LGP 121, and incident light is being propagated the back from this LGP ejaculation in LGP 121 through total reflection;

(b) first deflection component 130 makes the light deflection of inciding on the LGP 121, makes incident light in LGP 121, reflected fully; And

(c) second deflection component 140 makes the light deflection of in LGP 121, propagating through total reflection repeatedly, so that this light penetrates from LGP 121.

First deflection component 130 and second deflection component 140 are set in the LGP 121.First deflection component 130 makes the light reflection of inciding on the LGP 121, and second deflection component 140 makes the transmittance of in LGP 121, propagating through total reflection and reflects repeatedly.In other words, first deflection component 130 plays the effect of catoptron, and second deflection component 140 plays the effect of semi-permeable mirror.More specifically, first deflection component 130 that is arranged in the LGP 121 forms through reflective membrane (a kind of catoptron) made of aluminum, and is configured and is reflected into the light that is mapped on the LGP 121.On the contrary, second deflection component 140 that is arranged in the LGP 121 is formed by the hierarchy that a plurality of deielectric-coating are stacked.These deielectric-coating comprise the TiO that (for example) processed by high dielectric constant material ₂Film and the SiO that processes by advanced low-k materials ₂Film.The hierarchy that a plurality of deielectric-coating are stacked is disclosed in japanese unexamined patent open (translation of PCT application) 2005-521099 number.Though show six deielectric-coating in the drawings, the number of deielectric-coating is not limited to this.By and the thin slice processed of the material identical materials of LGP 121 be set between these deielectric-coating.First deflection component 130 makes the directional light reflection of inciding on the LGP 121 (or diffraction), makes incident light in LGP 121, reflected fully.On the contrary, second deflection component 140 makes the directional light of in LGP 121, propagating through total reflection reflect (or diffraction) repeatedly, and directional light is penetrated from LGP 121.

Part 124 through cutting away LGP 121 forms the inclined-plane that will be formed first deflection component 130 in LGP 121, reflective membrane is formed on the inclined-plane through vacuum moulding machine, and the cut-out 124 with LGP 121 is engaged to first deflection component 130 then.In addition; Formation by with the material identical materials of LGP 121 (for example; Glass) hierarchy that the multilayer of processing and a plurality of deielectric-coating (for example, forming through vacuum moulding machine) are stacked forms the inclined-plane that will be formed second deflection component 140 through the part 125 of cutting away LGP 121; This hierarchy is engaged to this inclined-plane, and the outside of the LGP 121 of second deflection component 140 is shaped through for example polishing.Therefore, can obtain to be provided with the guiding device 120 of first deflection component 130 and second deflection component 140.

Among the embodiment 1 or embodiment 3 that is described below, imaging device 111 comprises reflective slms 150 and the light source 153 that is formed by the light emitting diode that penetrates white light.More specifically; Reflective slms 150 comprises the LCD (LCD) 151 and polarization beam apparatus 152 that is formed by the LCOS as light valve; This polarization beam apparatus makes a part of light from light source 153 reflex to LCD 151 and make a part of transmittance of being reflected by LCD 151, so that the part that is reflected is directed to collimating optical system 112.LCD 151 comprises a plurality of (for example, 320 * 240) pixels (liquid crystal cells) that are arranged in two-dimensional matrix.Polarising beam splitter 152 has the structure identical with the polarization beam apparatus of prior art.The nonpolarized light that penetrates from light source 153 strikes on the polarization beam apparatus 152.The P polarized light component is through polarization beam apparatus 152 and from its ejaculation.On the contrary, the S polarized light component is got into LCD 151 by polarization beam apparatus 152 reflections, by the inner reflection of LCD 151, and then penetrates from LCD 151.Here, the light that the light that penetrates from LCD 151, penetrates from the pixel that is used for show white comprises many P polarized light components, and the light that penetrates from the pixel that is used to show black comprises many S polarized light components.Therefore, penetrate and strike P polarized light component the light on the polarization beam apparatus 152 through polarization beam apparatus 152 and be directed to collimating optical system 112 from LCD 151.On the contrary, the S polarized light component is reflected by polarization beam apparatus 152, and is back to light source 153.LCD 151 comprises a plurality of (for example, 320 * 240) pixel (number of liquid crystal cells is three times of number of pixels) that is arranged in two-dimensional matrix.Collimating optical system 112 is formed by for example convex lens.In order to produce directional light, imaging device 111 (particularly, LCD 151) is placed on the position corresponding to the focal length of collimating optical system 112.Pixel the emitting red light sub-pixel that is used to penetrate ruddiness, the blue-light-emitting sub-pixel that is used to penetrate the green emitting sub-pixel of green glow and is used to penetrate blue light limits.

Among the embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 to 4 that is described below, the LGP of being processed by optical glass or

plastic material

121 or 321 has two parallel surfaces that the axis that is parallel to

LGP

121 or 321 extends (

first surface

122 or 322 and

second surface

123 or 323).

First surface

122 or 322 is towards second surface 123 or 323.Directional light gets into from the

first surface

122 or 322 as light entrance face, propagates in

LGP

121 or 321 through total reflection, and penetrates from the

first surface

122 or 322 that also is used as light-emitting face.Alternatively, light entrance face can be limited

second surface

123 or 323, and light-emitting face can be limited

first surface

122 or 322.

Among the embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 to 4 that is described below,

LGP

121 or 321 axis direction are the Y directions, and

LGP

121 or 321 normal direction are directions Xs, W _Y(unit: mm) expression incide on

LGP

121 or 321 the width of light beam on the Y direction (promptly; The outgoing PD of the collimating optical system in embodiment 1 or 3; The outgoing PD of the relay optical system in embodiment 2 or 4); T (unit: mm)

expression LGP

121 or 321 thickness, and θ is illustrated in

LGP

121 or 321 by the incident angle of light on the inside surface of LGP of reflection fully.

In embodiment 1, the light with a kind of wavelength that penetrates from least one pixel meets the following conditions:

2t·sinθ-2≤W _Y≤2t·sinθ+2 (1)

Referring to as Fig. 2 of concept map, incide on the LGP 121 and on the Y direction and have width W _YLight beam by first deflection component (reflective membrane) 130 reflection, and in LGP 121, propagated in the reflection fully.In this case, through setup parameter (such as, incide the width W of light beam on the Y direction on the LGP _Y, LGP thickness t and in LGP by the complete incident angle θ of beam reflected on the inside surface of LGP) propagate light beam and do not have overlapping and do not have the condition that LGP 121 is filled in the compartment of terrain to satisfy, the phenomenon of having described with reference to Figure 13 does not take place.

When on the Y direction, having width W _YLight beam when repeating in LGP 121 total reflection, the width of light beam does not change, and is fixed in W and make _YSuppose that Ds (unit: mm) reflected fully, reflected fully and reflected the distance that the time advances once more fully by the inside surface of first surface 122 by the inside surface of second surface 123 by the inside surface of the first surface 122 of LGP 121 when light, works as W by expression _YWith Ds have as as concept map shown in Figure 2 by following expression formula (3) provide concern the time, above-mentioned condition is satisfied.In addition, t, θ and Ds have the relation that following expression formula (4) provides.Derive expression formula (5) from expression formula (3) and (4):

Ds＝W _Y/cosθ (3)

Ds＝2t·tanθ (4)

W _Y＝2t·sinθ (5)

Therefore, when satisfying expression formula (5), the light beam of in LGP 121, propagating through total reflection does not have overlapping in LGP 121, and does not have the compartment of terrain and fill LGP 121.Therefore, even observer's eyes 10 move on the Y direction, the phenomenon shown in Figure 13 can not take place yet, and brightness of image can not change rapidly.In other words; No matter the zone at observer's eyes 10 places; The light that penetrates from collimating optical system 112 finally arrives eyes 10, and in by image display 100 images displayed, because the position of observer's eyes causes that seldom the even color of brightness disproportionation is inhomogeneous.For this reason, the image display of realizing high display quality can be provided.

The logarithm of the brightness of the light that known observer's eyes are felt and illumination (luminance) A (log (A)) is proportional, and particularly when the bright object watched such as display, the observer changes brightness and be insensitive.In addition, when the bright object watched such as display, people's PD is generally about 4mm.Therefore; Known through experience; Even when between the light beam that penetrates from LGP when there is the gap of about 2mm in the Y direction, even perhaps when the lap of the about 2mm of existence between these light beams, the observer visually not can be appreciated that big brightness variation yet.Therefore, the equal sign in the expression formula (5) can be added to the scope in expression formula (1).

The image display that comprises the optical devices that satisfy the upper and lower bound in expression formula (1) is in fact made through the mode of test, and observes by the image display images displayed.As the result who observes, do not have to find because the position of observer's eyes causes that in display image the even color of brightness disproportionation is inhomogeneous.

Embodiment 2

Fig. 3 is the concept map according to the image display 400 of the image display 200 of the embodiment 2 that describes below or embodiment 4.Referring to Fig. 3, image display 200 or 400 comprises:

(A) light source 251;

(B) collimating optical system 252, will convert directional light into from the light that light source 251 penetrates;

(C) scanning member 253 scans the directional light that penetrates from collimating optical system 252;

(D) relay optical system 254, and the directional light through 253 scannings of scanning member is carried out relaying; And

(E) optical devices 120, and directional light incides on these optical devices from relay optical system 254, and in these optical devices, directional light is directed, and directional light penetrates from it.

Optical devices 120 have with embodiment 1 in the identical structure of structure of optical devices 120, and incide on the optical devices 120 light with embodiment 1 in the similar mode of mode that adopted show and satisfy expression formula (1).Therefore, omitted detailed description to it.

Light source 251 comprises the red light-emitting component 251R that is used to penetrate ruddiness, be used to the blue light emitting device 251B that penetrates the green luminousing element 251G of green glow and be used to penetrate blue light.Each light-emitting component is all formed by semiconductor Laser device.The light beam of three kinds of primary colors that penetrate from light source 251 is through crossed nicols 255, and wherein, their optical path is merged into an optical path through colour is synthetic.The light that penetrates from crossed nicols 255 gets into the collimating optical system 252 that has positive luminous power generally, and is penetrated as directional light.Directional light via scanning member 253 levels of MEMS (it rotates micro mirror to scan the directional light of incident two-dimentionally on two-dimensional directional) formation and scanning vertically, and is converted into a kind of two dimensional image, thereby produces virtual pixel by completely reflecting mirror 256 reflections.The relay optical system 254 that forms through relay optical system from the light of virtual pixel by prior art, and as directional light entering guiding device 120.

In embodiment 2, comprise that the image display of the optical devices that satisfy the upper and lower bound in the expression formula (1) is in fact made through the mode of test, and observe by the image display images displayed.As observations, do not have to find because the position of observer's eyes causes that in display image the even color of brightness disproportionation is inhomogeneous.÷

Embodiment 3

Fig. 4 A is the concept map according to the image display 300 of embodiments of the invention 3.In the image display 300 of embodiment 3, imaging device 111 has and the imaging device 111 of embodiment 1 and the identical structure of structure of collimating optical system 112 with collimating optical system 112.In addition, except that the structure of first deflection component and second deflection component, optical devices 320 have the identical basic structure of basic structure with the optical devices 120 of embodiment 1.That is, optical devices 320 comprise:

(a) LGP 321, and incident light is being propagated the back from this LGP ejaculation in LGP 321 through total reflection;

(b) first deflection component makes the light deflection of inciding on the LGP 321, makes incident light in LGP 321, reflected fully; And

(c) second deflection component makes the light deflection of in LGP 321, propagating through total reflection repeatedly, to penetrate light from LGP 321.

In embodiment 3, first deflection component and second deflection component are set on the surface of LGP 321 (second surface 323 of LGP 321 particularly).First deflection component makes the optical diffraction that incides on the LGP 321, and second deflection component makes the optical diffraction in LGP 321, propagated through total reflection repeatedly.In first deflection component and second deflection component each is all formed by defraction grating device (reflection-type diffraction grating element, more specifically, reflective volume holographic diffraction grating particularly).In the following description; For ease; First deflection component that is formed by the reflective volume holographic diffraction grating is known as " first diffraction grating member 330 ", and is known as " second diffraction grating member 340 " by second deflection component that the reflective volume holographic diffraction grating forms.

Among the embodiment 3 or embodiment 4 that is described below; In in first diffraction grating member 300 and second diffraction grating member 340 each; P diffraction grating layer (each layer is all formed by the reflective volume holographic diffraction grating) is stacked diffraction and the reflection that has the P type of light beam of P (particularly, corresponding to red, green and blue three) different-waveband (or wavelength) with reply.Each diffraction grating layer all is to be formed by photopolymer material through the method identical with the method for prior art, and is provided with the interference fringe corresponding to a wave band (or wavelength).Particularly; In each of first diffraction grating member 330 and second diffraction grating member 340, be used to make ruddiness diffraction and reflection diffraction grating layer, be used to make the diffraction grating layer of green glow diffraction and reflection and be used to make the diffraction grating layer of blue light diffraction and reflection to be stacked.Interference fringe on these diffraction grating layers (diffraction optical element) is with constant spacing and be parallel to Z-direction and extend linearly.In Fig. 4 A and Fig. 7, first diffraction grating member 330 and second diffraction grating member 340 are all only formed by one deck.When the light beam with these wave bands (or wavelength) by first diffraction grating member 330 and second diffraction grating member, 340 diffraction and reflex time, this structure can increase diffraction efficiency and acceptable angle of diffraction, and can make the angle of diffraction optimization.

Fig. 4 B is the partial cross section synoptic diagram of the amplification of reflective volume holographic diffraction grating.The reflective volume holographic diffraction grating is equipped with the interference fringe with inclination angle phi.Here, inclination angle phi refers to the surface that is formed on the reflective volume holographic diffraction grating and the angle between the interference fringe.Interference fringe is set to extend to outside it from the inboard of reflective volume holographic diffraction grating, and satisfies Prague (Bragg) condition.Bragg condition satisfies following expression formula A.In expression formula A, m is a positive integer, and λ representes wavelength, and d representes the spacing (distance between the virtual plane that comprises interference fringe on the normal direction) of grating surface, and Θ representes the supplementary angle of the incident angle on the interference fringe.When light got into diffraction grating member with incident angle ψ, supplementary angle Θ, inclination angle phi and incident angle ψ had the relation that is provided by expression formula B:

m·λ＝2·d·sinΘ (A)

Θ＝90°-(φ+ψ) (B)

As stated; First diffraction grating member 330 is set up (being engaged) on the second surface 323 of LGP 321; And make from first surface 322 and incide directional light diffraction and reflection on the LGP 321, make the directional light of incident in LGP 321 by reflection fully.In addition, second diffraction grating member 340 is set up (being engaged) on the second surface 323 of LGP 321.Second diffraction grating member 340 makes the directional light diffraction of in LGP 321, propagating through total reflection and reflects repeatedly, and penetrates directional lights through first surface 322 from LGP 321.Alternatively, light entrance face can be limited second surface 323, and light-emitting face can be limited first surface 322.

The parallel beam of three looks (red, green and blue) is also propagated in LGP 321 through total reflection, is penetrated then.In this case since LGP 321 is thin and LGP 321 in optical path long, change according to the visual angle so these light beams arrive the number of times of the total reflection that second diffraction grating member 340 carried out.More specifically, among the directional light that incides on the LGP 321 to reach near the order of reflection of the directional light of the angle incident of the degree of second diffraction grating member 340 less than to reach the order of reflection that incides the directional light on the LGP 321 away from the angle of the degree of second diffraction grating member 340.This is because when the light of propagation in LGP 321 when striking the inside surface on the LGP 321, directional light (it incides on the LGP 321 by first diffraction grating member, 330 diffraction and reflection and with the angle that reaches near the degree of second diffraction grating member 340) with incide directional light on the LGP 321 with this angle in the opposite direction and compare and be orthogonal to LGP 321 and formed littler angle.The shape that is arranged on the shape of the interference fringe in second diffraction grating member 340 and is arranged on the interference fringe in first diffraction grating member 330 is about the imaginary plane symmetry perpendicular to the axis of LGP 321.

LGP 321 in following embodiment 4 has the structure identical with the structure of above-mentioned LGP 321 basically.

The image display of embodiment 3 meets the following conditions:

2t·tanθ-2≤W _Y≤2t·tanθ+2 (2)

Reference is used as Fig. 5 of concept map, incides on the LGP 321 and on the Y direction to have width W _YLight beam by first deflection component, 330 diffraction or reflection, and in LGP 321, propagate simultaneously by reflection fully.In this case, through setup parameter (such as, incide the width W of light beam on the Y direction on the LGP _Y, LGP thickness t and in LGP by the complete incident angle θ of beam reflected on the inside surface of LGP); Do not have overlapping and do not have the condition that LGP 121 is filled in the compartment of terrain with the light beam of satisfy propagating, the phenomenon of having described with reference to Figure 14 does not take place.

Suppose Ds ' (unit: mm) be illustrated in light once, reflect fully and, then work as W by the distance that the complete once more reflex time of LGP 321 is advanced by LGP 321 by first diffraction grating member, 330 diffraction or reflection _YAnd Ds ' have by following expression formula (6) provide concern the time, satisfy above-mentioned condition:

Ds′＝2t·tanθ (6)

Therefore, when satisfying expression formula (6), the light beam of in LGP 321, propagating through total reflection does not have overlapping in LGP 121, and does not have the compartment of terrain and fill LGP 321.Therefore, even observer's eyes 10 move on the Y direction, the phenomenon shown in Figure 14 can not take place yet, and brightness of image can not change fast.In other words; Do not consider the zone at observer's eyes 10 places; The light that penetrates from collimating optical system 312 finally arrives eyes 10, and in 300 images displayed of image display, because the position of observer's eyes causes that seldom the even color of brightness disproportionation is inhomogeneous.For this reason, the image display of realizing high display quality can be provided.

As stated; Known through experience; Even when between the light beam that penetrates from LGP when there is the gap of about 2mm in the Y direction, even perhaps when the lap of the about 2mm of existence between these light beams, the observer visually can not aware big brightness variation yet.Therefore, the equal sign in expression formula (6) can be added to the scope in expression formula (2).Because identical, the equal sign in the expression formula that describes below (7) can be added to the scope in the expression formula (8).

The image display that comprises the optical devices that satisfy the upper and lower bound in the expression formula (2) is in fact made through the mode of test, and observes by the image display images displayed.As observations, do not have to find because the position of observer's eyes causes that in display image the even color of brightness disproportionation is inhomogeneous.Fig. 6 illustrates the observer to have on two concept maps according to the situation of the image display of embodiment 3.

In LGP 321, there is not the overlapping condition that LGP 321 is filled in the compartment of terrain that do not have in order to satisfy the light of in LGP 321, propagating through total reflection; More preferably, once and in LGP 321 do not got into first diffraction grating member 330 once more by first diffraction grating member, 330 diffraction or reflection by the light of reflection fully.In other words, more preferably, meet the following conditions:

L _H-1＝2t·tanθ (7)

Wherein, L _H-1(unit: the mm) effective length of expression first deflection component 330 on the Y direction.As stated, the equal sign in the expression formula (7) can be added to the scope in the following expression formula (8):

2t·tanθ-2≤L _H-1≤2t·tanθ+2 (8)

Embodiment 4

Fig. 7 is the concept map according to the image display of embodiments of the invention 4.In the image display 400 of embodiment 4, light source 251, collimating optical system 252, scanning member 253, relay optical system 254 etc. have with embodiment 2 in those identical structures of being adopted.In addition, optical devices 320 have with embodiment 3 in the identical structure of structure of optical devices 320.The light that incides on the optical devices 320 shows to be similar to the mode that adopts among the embodiment 3.

In embodiment 4, comprise that the image display of the optical devices that satisfy the upper and lower bound in expression formula (2) is in fact made through the mode of test, and observe by the image display images displayed.As observations, do not have to find because the position of observer's eyes causes that in display image the even color of brightness disproportionation is inhomogeneous.

Though above the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiment, it is not limited to these embodiment.The configuration of the image display among the embodiment only is exemplary, and can suitably be changed.For example; In the optical devices of embodiment 3 or 4; First deflection component that is formed by transmission-type hologram can be set on the first surface 322 of LGP 321, and can be set on the second surface 323 by second deflection component that reflection hologram forms.In this structure, the light that incides first deflection component is satisfied total reflection condition by diffraction in LGP, and propagates into second deflection component.Then, light is by second deflection component diffraction or the reflection, and penetrates from LGP.In addition, in the optical devices of embodiment 3 or 4, each defraction grating device can be formed by the transmission-type defraction grating device.Alternatively, one of first deflection component and second deflection component can be formed by the reflection-type diffraction grating element, and another can be formed by the transmission-type defraction grating device.In addition, alternatively, defraction grating device can be shown off defraction grating device or the surface relief hologram forms by reflection-type.

As the modified example of the imaging device that is applicable to embodiment 1 or 3, for example, adopt active matrix imaging device shown in Figure 8 as concept map.This imaging device is formed by the luminescent panel that semiconductor light-emitting elements 501 is arranged in two-dimensional matrix, and comes display image through luminous/non-luminous state of controlling each light-emitting component 501, makes that the state of light-emitting component 501 is directly visible.The light that penetrates from imaging device is via collimating optical system 112 accesss to plant 121 or 321.

Alternatively, can use as the demonstration of the colour shown in Fig. 9 of concept map imaging device.This imaging device comprises:

(a) emitting red light panel 511R, wherein, the red light-emitting component 501R that is used to penetrate ruddiness is arranged in two-dimensional matrix;

(b) green emitting panel 511G, wherein, the green luminousing element 501G that is used to penetrate green glow is arranged in two-dimensional matrix;

(c) blue-light-emitting panel 511B, wherein, the blue light emitting device 501B that is used to penetrate blue light is arranged in two-dimensional matrix; And

(d) merge cells, these optical paths of the light beam that will penetrate from emitting red light panel 511R, green emitting panel 511G and blue-light-emitting plate 511B are merged into an optical path (for example, dichroic prism 503).

Luminous/non-luminance of red light-emitting component 501R, green luminousing element 501G and blue-light emitting element 501B is independently controlled.The light that penetrates from this imaging device also gets into

LGP

121 or 321 via collimating optical system 112.Reference number 512 expressions among Fig. 9 are used to assemble the micro mirror from the light of these light-emitting component ejaculations.

Figure 10 comprises that light-emitting

component

501R, 501G and 501B are arranged in the concept map of another imaging device of

luminescent panel

511R, 511G and the 511B of two-dimensional matrix.The light beam that penetrates from

luminescent panel

511R, 511G and 511B gets into dichroic prism 503 after by printing

opacity control module

504R, 504G and 504B control its transmission/non-transmission.The optical path of these light beams is merged into an optical path by dichroic prism 503, and these light beams get into

LGP

121 or 321 via collimating optical system 112 then.

Figure 11 comprises that light-emitting

component

luminescent panel

511R, 511G and 511B gets into dichroic prism 503, and wherein, the optical path of these light beams is merged into an optical path.Controlled by printing opacity control module 504 from optical transmission/non-transmission that dichroic prism 503 penetrates, this light gets into

LGPs

121 or 321 via collimating optical system 112 then.

Alternatively, can use imaging device shown in figure 12.This imaging device comprises the light-emitting component 501R that is used to penetrate ruddiness, be used to control the ruddiness that penetrates from light-emitting component 501R transmission/non-transmission a kind of light valve of conduct the printing opacity control module (for example; LCD 504R), be used to penetrate green glow light-emitting component 501G, be used to control the transmission/non-transmission of the green glow that penetrates from light-emitting component 501G) a kind of light valve of conduct the printing opacity control module (for example; LCD 504G), be used to penetrate blue light light-emitting component 501B, be used to control the blue light that penetrates from light-emitting component 501B transmission/non-transmission the printing opacity control module (for example; LCD 504B), be used to guide the light conducting member 502 of the light that penetrates from light-emitting

component

501R, 501G and 501B and the merge cells (for example, dichroic prism 503) that is used for the optical path of these light is merged into an optical path.Light-emitting

component

501R, 501G and 501B form by the GaN semiconductor.

One skilled in the art will understand that according to designing requirement and other factors, can carry out multiple modification, combination, make up again and improve, all should be included within the scope of claim of the present invention or its equivalent.

Claims

1. image display comprises:

(B) collimating optical system is configured to convert the light that each pixel from said imaging device penetrates into directional light; And

(C) optical devices, said directional light incides on the said optical devices from said collimating optical system, be directed at directional light described in the said optical devices, and said directional light penetrates from said optical devices,

Wherein, said optical devices comprise:

(a) LGP, incident light is being propagated the back from said LGP ejaculation in said LGP through total reflection,

(b) first inflector assembly is configured to make the light deflection of inciding on the said LGP, makes said incident light in said LGP, reflected fully, and

(c) second inflector assembly is configured to make the light deflection of in said LGP, propagating through total reflection repeatedly, so that light penetrates from said LGP,

Wherein, said first inflector assembly and said second inflector assembly are set in the said LGP, and

Wherein, the light with a kind of wavelength that penetrates from least one pixel meets the following conditions

2tsin θ-2 millimeter≤W _Y≤2tsin θ+2 millimeter

Wherein, the axis direction of said LGP is the Y direction, and the normal direction of said LGP is a directions X, W _YThe width of light on said Y direction on the said LGP incided in expression, and t representes the thickness of said LGP, and θ is illustrated in the said LGP by the incident angle of light on the inside surface of said LGP of reflection fully, wherein, and W _YWith the unit of t be millimeter.

2. image display according to claim 1, wherein, said first inflector assembly makes the light reflection of inciding on the said LGP, and said second inflector assembly also reflects repeatedly the transmittance of in said LGP, propagating through total reflection.

3. image display according to claim 2, wherein, said first inflector assembly plays the effect of catoptron, and said second inflector assembly plays the effect of semi-permeable mirror.

4. image display comprises:

(A) light source;

(B) collimating optical system is configured to convert the light that penetrates from said light source into directional light;

(C) scanister is configured to the said directional light that penetrates from said collimating optical system is scanned;

(D) relay optical system is configured to the directional light through said scanister scanning is carried out relaying; And

(E) optical devices incide on the said optical devices from the said directional light of said relay optical system, be directed at directional light described in the said optical devices, and said directional light penetrate from said optical devices,

Wherein, said optical devices comprise:

Wherein, the light with a kind of wavelength that penetrates from least one said pixel meets the following conditions:

2tsin θ-2 millimeter≤W _Y≤2tsin θ+2 millimeter

5. image display according to claim 4, wherein, said first inflector assembly makes the light reflection of inciding on the said LGP, and said second inflector assembly also reflects repeatedly the transmittance of in said LGP, propagating through total reflection.

6. image display according to claim 5, wherein, said first inflector assembly plays the effect of catoptron, and said second inflector assembly plays the effect of semi-permeable mirror.

7. image display comprises:

(B) collimating optical system is configured to convert the light that each the said pixel from said imaging device penetrates into directional light; And

Wherein, said optical devices comprise:

Wherein, said first inflector assembly and second inflector assembly are set on the surface of said LGP, and

Wherein, meet the following conditions:

2ttan θ-2 millimeter≤W _Y≤2ttan θ+2 millimeter

8. image display according to claim 7, wherein, said first inflector assembly makes the optical diffraction that incides on the said LGP, and said second inflector assembly makes the optical diffraction in said LGP, propagated through total reflection repeatedly.

9. image display according to claim 8, wherein, said first inflector assembly and said second inflector assembly are formed by defraction grating device.

10. image display according to claim 9, wherein, said defraction grating device is the reflection-type diffraction grating element.

11. image display according to claim 9, wherein, said defraction grating device is the transmission-type defraction grating device.

12. image display according to claim 9, wherein, a defraction grating device is the reflection-type diffraction grating element, and another defraction grating device is the transmission-type defraction grating device.

13. image display according to claim 9 wherein, meets the following conditions: 2ttan θ-2 millimeter≤L _H-1≤2ttan θ+2 millimeter

Wherein, L _H-1Represent the effective length of said first inflector assembly on said Y direction, wherein, L _H-1Unit be the millimeter.

14. an image display comprises:

(A) light source;

Wherein, said optical devices comprise:

Wherein, said first inflector assembly and said second inflector assembly are set on the surface of said LGP, and

Wherein, meet the following conditions

2ttan θ-2 millimeter≤W _Y≤2ttan θ+2 millimeter

15. image display according to claim 14, wherein, said first inflector assembly makes the optical diffraction that incides on the said LGP, and said second inflector assembly makes the optical diffraction in said LGP, propagated through total reflection repeatedly.

16. image display according to claim 15, wherein, said first inflector assembly and second inflector assembly are formed by defraction grating device.

17. image display according to claim 16, wherein, said defraction grating device is the reflection-type diffraction grating element.

18. image display according to claim 16, wherein, said defraction grating device is the transmission-type defraction grating device.

19. image display according to claim 16, wherein, a defraction grating device is the reflection-type diffraction grating element, and another defraction grating device is the transmission-type defraction grating device.

20. image display according to claim 16 wherein, meets the following conditions:

2ttan θ-2 millimeter≤L _H-1≤2ttan θ+2 millimeter