CN101655405B - Pore water pressure gauge and use method thereof - Google Patents
Pore water pressure gauge and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101655405B CN101655405B CN2009103073855A CN200910307385A CN101655405B CN 101655405 B CN101655405 B CN 101655405B CN 2009103073855 A CN2009103073855 A CN 2009103073855A CN 200910307385 A CN200910307385 A CN 200910307385A CN 101655405 B CN101655405 B CN 101655405B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pore water pressure gauge comprising a water pressure display unit. The water pressure display unit comprises a vertical plate, a glass tube and a rubber tube, wherein squared paper is arranged in the front of the vertical plate; the glass tube is vertically fixed on the vertical plate; the rubber tube is connected with the lower end of the glass tube; and the other end of the rubber tube is connected with a water pressure-conveying pipeline the other end of which is closed and connected with a pore water pressure tester made of permeable stone. The invention also discloses a use method of the pore water pressure gauge. The pore water pressure gauge combines the favorable permeability of the permeable stone and the flexibility of the water pressure-conveying pipeline, displays water pressure by the transparent glass tube, achieves favorable pore water pressure measuring effect of a model test, not only can be used for clay tests, but also can be used for gravel tests.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geotechnique and hydraulic model test field, particularly a kind of pore pressure gauge and using method thereof.
Background technology
Often need the monitoring pore pressure gauge in geotechnique and the hydraulic model test, pore pressure gauge commonly used at present is divided into type vibration wire and pressure resistance type, this two classes pore pressure gauge is mainly used in building and hydraulic engineering field monitoring, and range is 0.005MPa～20.000MPa (being equivalent to 0.5 meter～200 meters heads).
Above two class pore pressure gauges are used for geotechnique and following some deficiency of hydraulic model test existence:
1, range is too big, and sensitivity is difficult to reach the measuring accuracy requirement that cm in the model test or mm level head change;
2, cost an arm and a leg, it is limited that model test drops into funds, causes being difficult to realize buying a large amount of pore pressure gauges and carry out multimetering;
3, all there are the characteristics that cause line short, instrument damage easily in the test lead water inlet in type vibration wire and pressure resistance type, are difficult for carrying out long term monitoring and are repeatedly used.
Used pore pressure gauge need possess following characteristics in geotechnique and the hydraulic model test:
1, measuring accuracy reaches mm level head, and range is in 10m;
2, cost is low, can be provided with in a large number;
3, not fragile, can use for a long time, can be repeatedly used;
4, be easy to make and arrange, satisfy model test function and spatial placement requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention can satisfy geotechnique and the requirement of hydraulic model test measuring accuracy for the technical matters that exists in the solution known technology provides a kind of, be easy to make and arrange, satisfy the pore water pressure of model test function and spatial placement requirement and take into account the method that adopts this pore pressure gauge to measure geotechnique and hydraulic model test mesoporosity water pressure.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes for the technical matters that exists in the solution known technology is: a kind of pore pressure gauge, comprise the water pressure display device, described water pressure display device comprises that the front is provided with the riser of coordinate paper, be vertically fixed on the glass tube on the described riser, the sebific duct that is connected with the glass tube lower end, it is characterized in that, the other end of described sebific duct is connected with water pressure and transmits pipeline, and the other end sealing that described water pressure is transmitted pipeline is connected with the pore water pressure test lead made from permeable stone.
Described water pressure is transmitted pipeline and is made by copper pipe.
The central authorities of described pore water pressure test lead are provided with cylindrical pit, are embedded with the end that described water pressure is transmitted pipeline in the described cylindrical pit, are sealed by the cementing agent bonding between the outer wall of described water pressure transmission pipeline and the described cylindrical pit inwall.
The degree of depth of described cylindrical pit is half of described pore water pressure test lead thickness, and described cylindrical pit diameter is transmitted the big 1～2mm of external diameter of pipeline than described water pressure.
Described pore water pressure test lead is a disc, and the diameter of described disc is: 20mm～40mm, thickness is: 5mm～15mm.
The internal diameter that described water pressure is transmitted pipeline is: 3～5mm.
Another technical scheme that the present invention takes for the technical matters that exists in the solution known technology is: use above-mentioned pore pressure gauge to measure the method for geotechnique and hydraulic model test mesoporosity water pressure, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, pore water pressure test lead and the water pressure that will make with permeable stone are transmitted pipe sealing and are connected;
B, the precalculated position is buried described water pressure test lead and described water pressure underground and is transmitted pipeline in model basin, described water pressure transmission pipeline is drawn described model basin to be connected with described water pressure display device outward, described water pressure display device comprises that the front is provided with the riser of coordinate paper, be vertically fixed on the glass tube on the described riser, with the sebific duct that the glass tube lower end is connected, described sebific duct transmits pipeline with described water pressure and is connected;
C, transmit pipeline in described water pressure and draw the position of described model basin and carry out waterproof, seepage control and handle;
Gather the water pressure value by described water pressure display device in d, the process of the test.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are: water permeability that permeable stone is good and water pressure are transmitted the pliability of pipeline and are carried out combination, show water pressure by the glass tube of understanding, reach good model test pore water pressure measurement effect, both can be used for clay experiment and can also be used for the sandstone test.Pore pressure gauge measuring accuracy of the present invention reaches mm level head, and range can significantly be adjusted according to the test demand; Cost is low, can carry out the multiple spot setting; The pore water pressure construction material is durable in use, and is not fragile, can use for a long time, can be repeatedly used; Be easy to make and arrange, satisfy model test function and spatial placement requirement.The miniature monitor of water pressure is set in the display panel glass pipe can also realizes that water pressure gathers automatically.The present invention can be widely used in geotechnique and the hydraulic model test.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, pore water pressure test lead, 2, water pressure transmits pipeline, 3, sebific duct, 4, glass tube, 5, riser.
Embodiment
For further understanding summary of the invention of the present invention, characteristics and effect, exemplify following examples now, and conjunction with figs. is described in detail as follows:
A kind of pore pressure gauge of the present invention, comprise the water pressure display device, the water pressure display device adopts structure commonly used in the prior art, comprise that the front is provided with the riser 5 of coordinate paper, be vertically fixed on the glass tube 4 on the riser 5, with the sebific duct 3 that glass tube 4 lower ends are connected, the other end of sebific duct 3 is connected with water pressure and transmits pipeline 2, and the other end sealing that water pressure is transmitted pipeline 2 is connected with the pore water pressure test lead made from permeable stone 1.
The preferable scheme of sealing syndeton that water pressure is transmitted pipeline 2 and pore water pressure test lead 1 is: the central authorities of above-mentioned pore water pressure test lead 1 are provided with cylindrical pit, the degree of depth of cylindrical pit is half of pore water pressure test lead thickness, the described water pressure of cylindrical pit radius ratio is transmitted the big 1～2mm of external diameter of pipeline, the setting-in water pressure is transmitted an end of pipeline 2 in the cylindrical pit, is sealed by the cementing agent bonding between the outer wall of water pressure transmission pipeline 2 and the cylindrical pit inwall.
Above-mentioned pore water pressure test lead preferably adopts the disc structure, according to the model test scale, the diameter of disc can be 20mm～40mm, and thickness can be 5mm～15mm.
According to the model test scale, the internal diameter that above-mentioned water pressure is transmitted pipeline can be 3～5mm, and external diameter can be 6～8mm.
Adopt above-mentioned pore pressure gauge to measure the method for geotechnique and hydraulic model test mesoporosity water pressure:
A, according to the model test scale, make corresponding pore water pressure test lead 1 with permeable stone, make water pressure and transmit pipeline 2 and water pressure display device, pore pressure gauge test lead 1 and water pressure are transmitted pipeline 2 sealings to be connected, the water pressure display device comprises that the front is provided with the riser 5 of coordinate paper, be vertically fixed on the glass tube 4 on the riser 5, the sebific duct 3 that is connected with glass tube 4 lower ends; B, the precalculated position is buried WG test lead 1 and water pressure underground and is transmitted pipeline 2 in model basin, water pressure is transmitted pipeline 2 draw that model basin is outer to be connected with the glass tube 4 of water pressure display device; C, transmit pipeline 2 in water pressure and draw the position of model basin and carry out waterproof, seepage control and handle; Estimate and write down the water pressure value in the described glass tube in d, the process of the test, perhaps in described glass tube, place water pressure monitoring meter and gather automatically.
Based on used pore pressure gauge functional requirement and characteristics in geotechnique and the hydraulic model test, the present invention will have three technology now and integrate, develop the pore pressure gauge in geotechnique and the hydraulic model test, mainly comprised pore water pressure test lead, water pressure transmission pipeline and three contents of water pressure display device.
The pore pressure gauge test lead adopts permeable stone.Permeable stone is widely used in shop experiment, comprises consolidation test, permeability test and triaxial apparatus test, has good penetration and pressure and transmits performance, is applicable to sandstone and clay.
The water pressure transfer tube preferably adopts thin copper pipe.Thin copper pipe has that pliability is good, the narrow thin characteristics of internal diameter, pliability can satisfy well that the power transmission pipeline can change any layout requirement of path spacing in geotechnique and the hydraulic test, internal diameter narrow carefully and not very thin can avoid capillary action influence, again can the variation of sensitive reflection water pressure.Also can adopt aluminum pipe, stainless-steel tube, compo pipe etc. to have the metal tube of These characteristics.
The water pressure display device adopts conventional hydrostatic force display device.Have show to understand, characteristic of accurate, the water pressure automatic detection instrument is set in the glass tube also can carries out water pressure and gather automatically.
By above three technology is carried out integration of science, make model test of the present invention reach the purpose that accurate response, transmission and display model are tested the mesoporosity water pressure with pore pressure gauge, have the advantages that applicability is wide, cost is low, making is simple, durable.
Embodiment 1:
The clay foundation ditch is prominent to gush model test, and model basin is provided with Nei Chi and Wai Chi, and inside and outside model basin all is a rectangle.Outer pond length and width height is respectively 2.3m * 1.6m * 1.0m, and the thick 260cm of outer pool wall carries out the antiseepage processing and avoids infiltration and release at the bottom of inwall and the pond.Build by laying little sand pond in the outer pond, distance is 30cm between little sand pond outer wall and large-sized model pond inwall, the thick 140cm of little sand pool wall, and little sand pond inwall is also made water-proofing treatment.Four jiaos of pre-buried 4 steel pipes of large-sized model pond pool wall, steel pipe bottom are laid by the joint level and are entered in the little sand pond at the bottom of the pond, and these four steel pipes are done the water filling pressurization and used.
Put the thick sand of 42～45cm in the little sand pond, lay at the sand middle part 7 pore water pressure test leads and with its one to one water pressure transmit pipeline, water pressure is transmitted pipe level and is laid and pass inside and outside model basin and be connected on the water pressure display board.
Pore water pressure test lead permeable stone diameter 20mm, thickness 5mm; Water pressure is transmitted the thin copper pipe internal diameter of pipeline for being 3mm, and external diameter is 6mm.After in sand launder, having laid permeable stone test lead and thin copper power transmission pipe, thin copper pipe is drawn from the perforation of test model pool wall, do careful anti-water blocking in perforation place and ooze processing, comprise the backfilling cement mortar and smear lost circulation additive.Power transmission pipe is drawn the back and is connected to glass tube on the wooden display board, the high 1.4m of glass tube by flexible rubber hose.
Fill out the thick clay seam of 30cm between model Wai Chi and the little sand pond, little sand pond end face above layering place mat clay is also sprinkled water saturatedly, and the clay seam gross thickness is 40cm.
In the process of the test, four of Chi Si angle steel pipe water filling pressurizations in little sand pond outside model, monitor simultaneously from 7 pore water pressure test leads and be delivered to water colunm height in the water pressure display board upper glass pipe, thereby obtain the water pressure value of 7 difference positions in the little sand pond.Monitor the displacement and the distortion on clay seam surface above the little sand pond in the time of the monitoring water pressure.
It is very obvious that monitoring result shows that hydraulic pressure shows, pressure reading can be accurate to the mm level, measures the head value and be positioned at 0～90cm scope.Water pressure and soil layer distortion meet fine, have verified the feasibility of this pore pressure gauge.
Above-mentioned test(ing) medium sand and clay can be substituted by other type soil according to actual geologic condition and carry out the prominent model test of gushing of foundation ditch, do the prominent model test of gushing of foundation ditch as substituting, also can substitute and do the prominent model test of gushing of foundation ditch by silt and silt by rubble and silt.
Embodiment 2:
Enrockment face dam hydraulic model test, model basin are rectangle, and the length and width height is respectively 2.3m * 1.6m * 1.0m, and the thick 260cm of pool wall carries out the antiseepage processing and avoids infiltration and release at the bottom of inwall and the pond.Build by laying high 0.8 meter, upper base in the model basin and go to the bottom and be respectively the trapezoidal dam body of 0.2m and 0.5m, dam body two ends and model basin join, and the dam body outside surface is a concrete, innerly pile up for sandstone.Lay a permeable stone pore water pressure test lead every 0.1m from top to bottom in the sandstone in dam body, water pressure is transmitted the pipe level laying and is passed model basin and is connected on the water pressure display board.
Pore water pressure test lead permeable stone diameter 30mm, thickness 10mm; It is 5mm that water pressure is transmitted the thin copper pipe internal diameter of pipeline, and external diameter is 8mm.After in the dam body sandstone, having laid permeable stone test lead and thin copper power transmission pipe, thin copper pipe is drawn from the perforation of test model pool wall, do careful anti-water blocking in perforation place and ooze processing, comprise the backfilling cement mortar and smear lost circulation additive.Power transmission pipe is drawn the back and is connected to glass tube on the wooden display board, the high 1.4m of glass tube by flexible rubber hose.
In the process of the test, dam body upstream face one side water filling in the model basin makes dam body upstream face one side water surface elevation be increased to 0.7m step by step from 0.2m, and every grade increases 0.1m.Monitor under the heights of water level at different levels from 8 pore water pressure test leads and be delivered to water colunm height in the water pressure display board upper glass pipe, thereby obtain the water pressure value of 8 differing heights in the dam body sandstone.
It is very obvious that monitoring result shows that hydraulic pressure shows, pressure reading can be accurate to the mm level, measures the head value and be positioned at 0～90cm scope, verified the feasibility of this pore pressure gauge.
Ultimate principle of the present invention is: water permeability that permeable stone is good and thin copper pipe pliability are carried out combination, to water pressure accurate response and transmission in the porous medium of model test, show water pressure by the glass tube of understanding, reach good model test pore water pressure measurement effect, both can be used for clay experiment and can also be used for the sandstone test.
Although in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; be not restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not breaking away under the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, can also make a lot of forms, these all belong within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a method of measuring geotechnique and hydraulic model test mesoporosity water pressure is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, pore water pressure test lead and the water pressure that will make with permeable stone are transmitted pipe sealing and are connected;
B, the precalculated position is buried described water pressure test lead and described water pressure underground and is transmitted pipeline in model basin, described water pressure transmission pipeline is drawn described model basin to be connected with the water pressure display device outward, described water pressure display device comprises that the front is provided with the riser of coordinate paper, be vertically fixed on the glass tube on the described riser, with the sebific duct that the glass tube lower end is connected, described sebific duct transmits pipeline with described water pressure and is connected;
C, transmit pipeline in described water pressure and draw the position of described model basin and carry out waterproof, seepage control and handle;
Gather the water pressure value by described water pressure display device in d, the process of the test.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009103073855A CN101655405B (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2009-09-21 | Pore water pressure gauge and use method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009103073855A CN101655405B (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2009-09-21 | Pore water pressure gauge and use method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101655405A CN101655405A (en) | 2010-02-24 |
| CN101655405B true CN101655405B (en) | 2011-11-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2009103073855A Expired - Fee Related CN101655405B (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2009-09-21 | Pore water pressure gauge and use method thereof |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102135491B (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-06-13 | 西南交通大学 | Drainage type segment lining model pore hydrostatic test device |
| CN103344378A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-09 | 成都汉康信息产业有限公司 | Telemetering type soil permeation water pressure measuring device |
| CN104020096B (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2016-04-27 | 青岛理工大学 | Device and method for detecting pore pressure by U-shaped pipe hydraulic differential rope method |
| CN108729430B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-12-10 | 河海大学 | anti-clogging hole pressure gauge and using method |
| CN113686274B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2024-05-10 | 重庆交通大学 | Dangerous rock crack water depth measurement method, dangerous rock collapse early warning method and system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2054148U (en) * | 1989-07-08 | 1990-03-07 | 金恩事 | Monocolour display hydrological gage |
| US5614659A (en) * | 1995-05-16 | 1997-03-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Pore-air pressure measurement device for use in high shock environments |
| CN2807219Y (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2006-08-16 | 江崇安 | Dam seepage manograph |
-
2009
- 2009-09-21 CN CN2009103073855A patent/CN101655405B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2054148U (en) * | 1989-07-08 | 1990-03-07 | 金恩事 | Monocolour display hydrological gage |
| US5614659A (en) * | 1995-05-16 | 1997-03-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Pore-air pressure measurement device for use in high shock environments |
| CN2807219Y (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2006-08-16 | 江崇安 | Dam seepage manograph |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开2006-3205A 2006.01.05 |
| JP特开2006-37398A 2006.02.09 |
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Granted publication date: 20111102 Termination date: 20210921 |