CN101650352B - Method for testing bi-component fabric component - Google Patents
Method for testing bi-component fabric component Download PDFInfo
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- CN101650352B CN101650352B CN 200910102255 CN200910102255A CN101650352B CN 101650352 B CN101650352 B CN 101650352B CN 200910102255 CN200910102255 CN 200910102255 CN 200910102255 A CN200910102255 A CN 200910102255A CN 101650352 B CN101650352 B CN 101650352B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing a bi-component fabric component, which belongs to the technical field of methods for detecting fabrics. The method comprises the following steps: 1, qualitatively discriminating a fiber category by a traditional method (such as a chemical dissolution method, a microscope observing method, a burning method, and the like) and then testing the carbonizingash rate a0 of bi-component fabric according to a single fiber carbonizing ash rate testing method; 2, respectively testing the ash rate aA and the ash rate aB of two fibers in the bi-component fabric according to the single fiber carbonizing ash rate testing method; and 3, calculating the fiber ratio of the two fibers in the bi-component fabric. The invention tests the bi-component fabric component by the fiber carbonizing ash rate method and has simple and convenient operation and high test accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection method, particularly be meant the method for a kind of novel test bi-component fabric component that utilizes fibrous carbon ashing branch rate and design.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern science and technology, fiber species is on the increase, and purely in addition spins, the kind of blending and union is increasing, textile fibres is differentiated proposed more and more higher requirement.Many fiber discrimination methods are arranged at present both at home and abroad, conclude and get up to have physical analysis method such as organoleptic method densimetry, melting point method, chromatography, infrared absorption spectroscopy, birefraction method, black lamp method, optical projection microscopic method, scanning electron microscopy.Chemical analysis such as firing method, dissolution method, reagent color developing method, reagent colour development decoration method, thermal decomposition method, drop method and other analytic approachs such as X-ray diffraction method, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, method of electron diffraction, ion pin are visited method, electric needles is visited method.
1. fiber discrimination method
(1) sense organ differential method
Sense organ differentiate to be exactly by observe, hand is touched, ear is listened, nasil is differentiated fiber and textile.Observing is exactly the visual effect of using eyes, watches the fiber form feature, changes song, gloss etc. as length, thickness, the nothing of fiber.It is exactly to use the haptic effect of hand to come soft or hard, elasticity, smooth coarse, careful cleaning, changes in temperature of sensory fibre etc. that hand is touched.It is exactly the auditory response of using ear that ear is listened, and differentiates fiber according to certain sound that fiber, yarn or fabric produce, and has scroop sound as silk and silk, and the fabric of each fibrid can send the different sound etc. when tearing.Nasil is to utilize the sense of smell effect to differentiate a kind of method of some fiber.
(2) microscope differential method
Utilize enlargement factor can correctly identify the fiber that the vertical, horizontal form has specific characteristic fast for 150-350 microscope doubly.If any natural convolution is cotton; Squamose is hair; What horizontal joint, longitudinal crack were arranged is fiber crops; A plurality of grooves are vertically arranged, the cross section be zigzag be viscose rayon; The cross section be sealene triangle and not of uniform size be silk.Synthon are general vertical to be smooth bar-shaped.What have is also shown in the titania matting agent that is the random distribution of graininess.But the kind of segmenting synthon also needs to use additive method.In addition, microscope it can differentiate the fiber of single component.Also can be used for the discriminating of the blending product that multiple composition mixes.
(3) firing method
Burning differentiates it is to differentiate one of method that textile fibres is commonly used.It is the chemical composition difference according to fiber. the also different kinds of distinguishing fiber of its combustion characteristic.But need certain experience.Only be applicable to the pure yarn that spins, fabric or interweaving product, and to blending product, core yarn product and inapplicable through the product of resin finishing, fire protection flame retarding arrangement.When burning is differentiated to dress material. can see warp thread and the weft yarn backtwisting extracted out afterwards earlier, see long filament or staple fibre.If staple fibre, and sample different in size, just might be natural fibers such as cotton, wool; As fiber length unanimity, then be synthon.If long filament.Just might be sticking fibre or silk.Sticking fine difference with silk is: glue fine brighter than silk. with the tip of the tongue that silk is wetting again, and be exactly sticking fibril if break easily as wet place. in wet place constantly, be exactly silk.All be difficult for breaking no matter doing wets.That is exactly synthon.At last in the discriminating of burning, concrete grammar: get tuftlet fiber to be identified, clamp with tweezers. shift near flame lentamente, examine the various different phenomenons that produced near flame, in flame, when leaving flame, smell that produces during again according to burning and the residue state after the burning are differentiated the classification of fiber.
(4) chemical dissolution method
Chemical dissolution method is to differentiate fiber according to various fibers deliquescent difference in different reagent.It is applicable to various textile fibress, particularly synthon, comprises fiber, yarn and the fabric of coloured fibre or blending constituent.When sample to be identified is yarn or fabric, then need from fabric, to extract out warp, weft yarn.Then yarn is separated into ultimate fibre.Can use microscopic examination earlier in order fast and effeciently to identify kinds of fibers.Review with firing method again.If synthon then can directly be used chemical dissolution method,, then need adopt system's differential method for some difficult fiber.Fiber for single component.A small amount of fiber to be identified can be put into test tube during discriminating.Select also to inject certain solvent, stir, observe the dissolving situation of fiber in solution with glass bar, as: dissolving, micro dissolution, be partly dissolved and do not dissolve etc.If the fiber of blending constituent or fibre weight are few, then can on microscope stage, put microslide with concave surface, put into sample at the concave surface place then, drip and go up solvent, covered is directly observed in microscope, according to different dissolving situations, differentiate type of fibers.Because the concentration of solvent is different with heating-up temperature. the solubility property performance to fiber differs, therefore when differentiating fiber with dissolution method.Answer the concentration and the heating-up temperature of strict control solvent, also will note the dissolution velocity of fiber in solvent simultaneously.
(5) medicine colouring
The medicine colouring is according to the colorability different methods of rapidly differentiating fiber species of various fibers to certain chemicals.It is applicable to un-dyed fibers, pure yarn and uni-material fabric.The colorant of discriminating fiber has multiple, and the colorant that adopts has iodine monoiod(in)ate potassium solution and HI fiber to differentiate colorant usually.Iodine monoiod(in)ate potassium solution is that iodine 20g is dissolved in the saturated solution of potassium iodide of 100ml, and fiber is immersed 0.5min-1min in the solution, and it is clean to take out after washing, according to painted difference, differentiates fiber species.It is that sample is put into little coloring solution that boils that the HI fiber is differentiated, boils and dyes 1min, removes dye liquor after having dyed, and cold water cleans, and dries.Dye good back and standard sample contrast, determine type of fibers according to form and aspect.
(6) additive method
(a) infrared absorption spectroscopy: infrared absorption spectroscopy is to have different chemical groups according to various fibers, and the characteristic absorpting spectrum that occurs in infrared spectrum brings the discriminating fiber.When differentiating fiber, the infrared absorption spectrum of unknown fiber and known fiber is contrasted, thus the absorption band of finding out characteristic group identical definite fiber species whether.Infrared absorption spectroscopy is to differentiate one of fiber efficient and simple method, and it can be accurately and apace carries out composition and analysis on Content to fiber, yarn and the textile of single component or blending constituent.
(b) melting point method: melting point method is the melting characteristic according to man-made fiber, and on the chemical fibre fusing point instrument or under the polarizing microscope with Re Tai and temperature measuring equipment, the temperature when observing fibre matting is measured the fusing point of fiber, thereby differentiates fiber.Melting point method is not generally used separately.But as the householder method that confirms a certain fiber.
(c) densimetry: densimetry is to utilize the different characteristics of various fibre densities to differentiate the method for fiber.Usually adopt density gradient method to measure the density of fiber,, differentiate the classification of this fiber then according to the fibre density that records.
(d) birefringence method: the chemical composition of the birefringence of textile fibres and refractive index and fiber molecule and arrange relevant.Different fibers have different refractive indexes and birefringence.Utilize polarization microscope can record the refractive index that is parallel to the fiber major axis of plane polarization light direction respectively and, these two kinds of refractive indexes are subtracted each other, can obtain birefraction perpendicular to the refractive index of fiber long axis direction.
2. composite fibre yarn and fabric component analytical approach
Yarn and fabric blending rate mainly contain two kinds of methods at present: the firstth, and dissolution method, test principle is before quantitative test, make the fiber qualitative identification earlier, to sample pretreatment, the back is with the molten a certain fiber that goes in the blending product of solvent, with residual fiber (not molten fiber) cleaning, oven dry, weighing and calculating.The secondth, the microscopic examination method, main for the approaching fiber of chemical property, as cotton and numb, sheep's wool and cashmere etc.Doing on the fiber qualitative identification basis, by detecting the mean diameter and the radical of each fiber in scribbled and the fabric, by calculating detection fibers blending ratio.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above that prior art exists, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simply, the method for testing of bi-component fabric component accurately.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes for achieving the above object is as follows, and a kind of method of testing of bi-component fabric component may further comprise the steps:
(1) uses classic method (as chemical dissolution method, microscopic examination method, firing method etc.) qualitative identification kinds of fibers, divide the carbonization ash content rate a of rate method of testing test bi-component fabric then according to single fibrous carbon ashing
0
(2) test the ash content rate a of two kinds of fibers in the bi-component fabric respectively according to single fibrous carbon ashing branch rate method of testing
A, a
B
(3) ratio of fibers of two kinds of fibers in the calculating bi-component fabric.
As A ratio of fibers W
AFor:
W
A＝(a
0-a
B)/(a
A-a
B)×100％；
B ratio of fibers W
BFor:
W
B＝(a
0-a
A)/(a
B-a
A)×100％
Bi-component (A/B) yarn or fabric fibre blending ratio are designated as: A/B W
A/ W
B
Above-mentioned single fibrous carbon ashing branch rate method of testing may further comprise the steps:
A, the platinum ware cleaned up after, calcination records platinum ware dry mass W to constant weight in muffle furnace
0
B, the lining sample of handling well is put into the platinum ware of constant weight, with baking oven under 105 ℃ of conditions to the fiber heating, remove moisture, claim its dry mass W
1
C, dry sample is taken out after 1 hour after the charing in the muffle furnace of 725 ± 25 ℃ of temperature together with the platinum ware, measure carbonization ash content and platinum ware gross mass W in 30 seconds;
D, calculating carbonization ash content rate: ash content rate a=(W-W
0)/(W
1-W
0).
The further qualification of said method is:
Among the step a, at first crucible is cleaned, put into a spot of potassium acid sulfate,, make it fusion and rotate the platinum ware with the alcohol blast burner heating, allow it be coated on the inwall equably, be soaked in water after the cooling, flushing is all washed the potassium acid sulfate that is bonded on the wall off, this operation can repeat, until platinum ware surface-brightening.
Muffle furnace is interior 600 ℃ ± 50 ℃ among the step a;
Before the lining sampling, with sherwood oil and water extraction, the non-fibrous material on the sample (grease, wax and other water-soluble substanceses) is removed earlier among the step b;
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows: the present invention adopts fibrous carbon ashing branch rate method to test bi-component fabric component, and is simple to operation, the accuracy rating of tests height.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
The method of a kind of novel test bi-component fabric component that utilizes fibrous carbon ashing branch rate and design of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1, single fibrous carbon ashing divides the rate test
(1) method of testing: with sample charing in the platinum ware in batches, carbonaceous remains in (725 ± 25 ℃) muffle furnace calcination and cooling is weighed.
(2) instrument and equipment:
Analytical balance: sensibility reciprocal is 0.1mg; Muffle furnace: temperature range is 100 ℃-800 ℃;
Crucible: volume is 150ml; Alcohol blast burner;
Baking oven; The crucible tongs in band platinum packet header.
(3) sampling:, the non-fibrous material on the sample (grease, wax and other water-soluble substanceses) is removed with sherwood oil and water extraction.
(4) analytical procedure
At first crucible is cleaned, put into a spot of potassium acid sulfate,, make it fusion and rotate the platinum ware with the alcohol blast burner heating, allow it be coated in equably on the inwall, be soaked in water after the cooling, flushing, the potassium acid sulfate that is bonded on the wall is all washed off, and this operation can repeat, until platinum ware surface-brightening.Cleaned platinum ware in 600 ℃ ± 50 ℃ muffle furnaces calcination to constant weight (being accurate to 0.1g), the platinum ware dry mass W of survey
0
The sample of handling well (being not less than 5g) is put into the platinum ware of constant weight, with baking oven under 105 ℃ of conditions to fiber heating, remove moisture, claim its dry mass W
1
Dry sample is taken out after 1 hour after the charing in the muffle furnace of 725 ± 25 ℃ of temperature together with the platinum ware, measure carbonization ash content and platinum ware gross mass W (being accurate to 0.1mg) in 30 seconds.
(5) precision: by same operating personnel, use same instrument in same laboratory, same sample is done replication in succession twice, gained result's difference is not more than 3mg/kg.Otherwise operation again.
(6) carbonization ash content rate is calculated: ash content rate a=(W-W
0)/(W
1-W
0).
2, bi-component yarn or fabric blending ratio testing
(1) uses classic method qualitative identification kinds of fibers, divide the carbonization ash content rate a of rate method of testing test bi-component yarn or fabric according to single fibrous carbon ashing
0
(2) test the ash content rate a of two kinds of fibers (being designated as A and B component) in the bi-component respectively according to single fibrous carbon ashing branch rate method of testing
A, a
B
(3) the A ratio of fibers W of calculating bi-component yarn or fabric
AFor:
W
A＝(a
0-a
B)/(a
A-a
B)×100％；
B ratio of fibers W
BFor:
W
B＝(a
0-a
A)/(a
B-a
A)×100％
Bi-component (A/B) yarn or fabric fibre blending ratio are designated as: A/B W
A/ W
B
Claims (6)
1. the method for testing of a bi-component fabric component is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) uses classic method qualitative identification kinds of fibers, divide the carbonization ash content rate a of rate method of testing test bi-component fabric then according to single fibrous carbon ashing
0
(2) test the ash content rate a of two kinds of fibers in the bi-component fabric respectively according to single fibrous carbon ashing branch rate method of testing
A, a
B
(3) ratio of fibers of two kinds of fibers in the calculating bi-component fabric;
A ratio of fibers W
AFor:
W
A＝(a
0-a
B)/(a
A-a
B)×100％；
B ratio of fibers W
BFor:
W
B＝(a
0-a
A)/(a
B-a
A)×100％
Bi-component (A/B) yarn or fabric fibre blending ratio are designated as: A/B W
A/ W
B
2. the method for testing of a kind of bi-component fabric component according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described single fibrous carbon ashing branch rate method of testing may further comprise the steps:
A, the platinum ware cleaned up after, calcination records platinum ware dry mass W to constant weight in muffle furnace
0
B, the lining sample of handling well is put into the platinum ware of constant weight, with baking oven under 105 ℃ of conditions to the fiber heating, remove moisture, claim its dry mass W
1
C, dry sample is taken out after 1 hour after the charing in 25 ℃ of temperature 725 scholars' muffle furnace together with the platinum ware, measure carbonization ash content and platinum ware gross mass W in 30 seconds;
D, calculating carbonization ash content rate: ash content rate a=(W-W
0)/(W
1-W
0).
3. the method for testing of a kind of bi-component fabric component according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described classic method is chemical dissolution method, microscopic examination method or firing method.
4. the method for testing of a kind of bi-component fabric component according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: among the step a, at first crucible is cleaned, put into a spot of potassium acid sulfate, heat with alcohol blast burner, make it fusion and rotate the platinum ware, allow it be coated in equably on the inwall, be soaked in water after the cooling, flushing, the potassium acid sulfate that is bonded on the wall is all washed off, and this operation can repeat, until platinum ware surface-brightening.
5. the method for testing of a kind of bi-component fabric component according to claim 2 is characterized in that: among the step a in the muffle furnace 600 ℃ ± 50 ℃.
6. the method for testing of a kind of bi-component fabric component according to claim 2 is characterized in that: before the lining sampling, with sherwood oil and water extraction, the non-fibrous material on the sample is removed earlier among the step b.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910102255 CN101650352B (en) | 2009-09-10 | 2009-09-10 | Method for testing bi-component fabric component |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910102255 CN101650352B (en) | 2009-09-10 | 2009-09-10 | Method for testing bi-component fabric component |
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| CN101650352A CN101650352A (en) | 2010-02-17 |
| CN101650352B true CN101650352B (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104195809A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-12-10 | 上海嘉麟杰纺织品股份有限公司 | Method for testing components of common polyester/modified polyester interwoven fabric in quantitative mode |
| CN105758804A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-07-13 | 上海市质量监督检验技术研究院 | Detection method of Lyocell fiber and modal fiber |
| CN106018410A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-10-12 | 太仓市鑫泰针织有限公司 | Method for identifying fiber variety of knitted fabrics |
| CN106872250A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-06-20 | 江苏阳光股份有限公司 | It is a kind of to detect with the extracting method of wool tops ash |
| CN107024407B (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2019-05-07 | 绍兴文理学院元培学院 | A kind of bicomponent fabric component ratio test method |
| CN109447097B (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2021-01-08 | 浙江理工大学 | Fabric principal component detection method based on convolutional neural network |
| CN109633132B (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2021-08-24 | 绍兴文理学院元培学院 | Blended yarn component ratio testing method |
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