CN101650342A - Calibration test block and method for ultrasonic detection of large-sized steel ferrule finished product - Google Patents
Calibration test block and method for ultrasonic detection of large-sized steel ferrule finished product Download PDFInfo
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- CN101650342A CN101650342A CN200910063847A CN200910063847A CN101650342A CN 101650342 A CN101650342 A CN 101650342A CN 200910063847 A CN200910063847 A CN 200910063847A CN 200910063847 A CN200910063847 A CN 200910063847A CN 101650342 A CN101650342 A CN 101650342A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005307 ferromagnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a calibration test block and a method for the ultrasonic detection of a large-sized steel ferrule finished product. The calibration test block is a trapeziform block, an included angle (a) between the upper surface of the trapeziform block and inclined planes at both sides is matched with the K value of a used ultrasonic inclined probe, and the inclined planes at both sides of the trapeziform block are provided with a plurality of circular flat-bottom holes with the equal number; the center axes of the flat-bottom holes are vertical to the inclined planes; during detection, the test block is firstly used for calibrating the ultrasonic inclined probe, a distance-wave amplitude sensitivity curve is drawn, and then a ferrule workpiece is detected. The invention can detect the internal crack, the filth, the white point, the shrinking hole, the gap and the surface defect of a product and is very convenient to use.
Description
(1) technical field:
The present invention relates to ultrasound examination apparatus and method in a kind of Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement, specifically is a kind of calibration block and method that is used for the ultrasound examination of large-sized steel lasso finished product.
(2) prior art:
At present, what Chinese large-sized steel lasso finished product used is the magnetic powder inspection method, and magnetic powder inspection is only detected a flaw to ferromagnetism steel material surface, nearly surface.And the inherent vice to producing in ferrous materials self-defect and the manufacture process, the magnetic powder inspection technology is to solve.For example defective magnetic powder inspection such as the hole that produces in being mingled with of steel inside, white point, shrinkage cavity and the process of producing product, implosion can not detect.And these defectives have very big threat to the safe operation of product to a great extent.
China is not owing to be directed to the defect detection on ultrasonic basis of steel lasso finished product, so only carry out the flaw detection of ultrasound wave compressional wave internal soundness at the semi-manufacture of lasso.Finished product does not carry out the UT (Ultrasonic Testing) detection after technologies such as bakingout process.But through cover figure is carried out crank detection test, found that there is the harmfulness defective in minority lasso inside, this can be to having a significant impact its serviceable life.So be necessary the method for detection of use science practicality and corresponding apparatus steel lasso finished product is carried out UT (Ultrasonic Testing), guarantee the zero-fault of product.
The key problem of general ultrasonic transverse wave method of detection is to need with a kind of calibration block the sensitivity of ultrasound wave angle probe to be calibrated, and makes distance-amplitude curve; By retrieval, still there is not the calibration block of same structure among discovery and the present invention at present.
(3) summary of the invention:
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of calibration block that is used for the ultrasound examination of large-sized steel lasso finished product, and this calibration block is simple in structure, uses very convenient;
The present invention also provides the method that this calibration block is used for the ultrasound examination of large-sized steel lasso finished product simultaneously.
By this method can detect large-sized steel lasso finished product underbead crack, be mingled with, white point, shrinkage cavity, space and surface imperfection.
A kind of calibration block that is used for the ultrasound examination of large-sized steel lasso finished product of the present invention, has the test block body, it is characterized in that: described test block body is a trapezoid block, angle a between the inclined-plane of trapezoid block upper surface and both sides and used ultrasound wave angle probe K value are complementary, and have some circular flat bottom hole that quantity equates on the inclined-plane of trapezoid block both sides; The central axis of described flat-bottom hole is vertical with described inclined-plane.
Described flat-bottom hole degree of depth h is 5mm, and when one timing of angle probe K value, the distance between the described flat-bottom hole central axis equates.
Flat-bottom hole quantity is 8 or 12 on the inclined-plane of described trapezoid block both sides.
The relation of angle a is as shown in the table on described angle probe K value and the trapezoid block:
| The K value | ??0.75 | ??1 | ??1.5 | ??2.0 | ??2.5 |
| The angle angle | ??36.87° | ??45.00° | ??56.31° | ??63.43° | ??68.20° |
The described flat-bottom hole degree of depth is 5mm, and when one timing of angle probe K value, the distance between the described flat-bottom hole central axis equates.
As when angle probe K value is 0.75, the distance between each flat-bottom hole central axis is 16.7mm; When angle probe K value was 1.5, the distance between each flat-bottom hole central axis was 12.0mm;
Flat-bottom hole quantity is 8 or 12 on the inclined-plane of described trapezoid block both sides.
Detection method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1, the calibration of ultrasound wave angle probe
A, elder generation select the ultrasound wave angle probe model of calibration block flat-bottom hole quantity and corresponding K value according to the concrete size of lasso workpiece to be detected;
B, ultrasonic probe is placed on the calibration block upper surface with a angle that matches with its K value is on the sound wave plane of incidence, a certain flat-bottom hole with on the ultrasound wave incident direction aligning calibration block inclined-plane of ultrasonic probe from the close-by examples to those far off carries out sensitivity calibration successively;
C, observe ultrasound waves panel height degree, note corresponding range data, draw UT (Ultrasonic Testing) and detect distance-wave amplitude sensitivity curve commonly used by the ultrasonic instrument display screen;
2, the detection of lasso workpiece
A, with lasso workpiece to be detected with hand steered steady or place on the corresponding gearing;
B, calibrated ultrasound wave angle probe is placed on the lasso workpiece detects a flaw, write down corresponding distance and wave amplitude height respectively by instrument, and compare with afore-mentioned distance-amplitude curve, the wave amplitude signal that does not surpass distance-amplitude curve height promptly is chosen as certified products, has the wave amplitude signal that surpasses distance-amplitude curve height promptly to be chosen as unacceptable product as finding;
C, rejected region is carried out mark, be carried out in accordance with regulations isolation, the NonConforming Parts Area of packing into.
The present invention has filled up China and has utilized trapezoidal flat-bottom hole test block calibrating mode that large-sized steel lasso finished product is carried out the blank of carrying out flaw detection, and the flaw detection rank can be used quality grade rank among the national GB/T4162-2008 " forging rolling rod iron supersonic testing method ".The utility model is recommended to make different distance flat-bottom hole standard with the AA grade standard, makes distance-amplitude curve.The AA Standard rank of using is strict in the non-destructive testing standard of railway freight-car, passenger vehicle bearing steel, to steel lasso product inside, outside 100% carrying out flaw detection, has guaranteed the quality in kind of product.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of calibration block among the present invention;
Fig. 2 be Fig. 1 look up the direction structure synoptic diagram;
Among the figure, 1-trapezoid block, 2-upper surface, 3-inclined-plane, 4-ultrasound wave angle probe, 5-circular flat bottom hole.
(5) embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, ultrasound examination calibration block of the present invention has the test block body, described test block body is a trapezoid block 1, trapezoid block upper surface 2 is the sound wave plane of incidence, the K value of angle a between the inclined-plane 3 of itself and both sides and used ultrasound wave angle probe 4 is complementary, and has some circular flat bottom hole 5 that quantity equates on the inclined-plane of trapezoid block both sides; The central axis of described flat-bottom hole is vertical with described inclined-plane.
Described flat-bottom hole degree of depth h is 5mm, and when one timing of angle probe K value, the distance between the described flat-bottom hole central axis equates.
Flat-bottom hole quantity is 8 or 12 on the inclined-plane of described trapezoid block both sides.
Now 290 large-scale bearing rings producing with certain Bearing Factory are that the example explanation utilizes calibration block of the present invention to carry out the method for UT (Ultrasonic Testing):
1, the calibration of ultrasound wave angle probe
The thickness of a, this lasso workpiece to be detected is 22--37mm, with this selected calibration block flat-bottom hole quantity is 8, be on the trapezoidal inclined-plane of each calibration block each 4, label is 1,3,5,7 and 2,4,6,8 respectively, the flat-bottom hole degree of depth is 5mm, flat-bottom hole central axis distance is 14.1mm, and the ultrasound wave angle probe K value of use is 1.0, and model is 2.5P12 * 12;
B, the ultrasound wave angle probe is placed on the test block upper surface with 45 ° of angles that matches with its K value is on the sound wave plane of incidence, the ultrasound wave incident direction of ultrasound wave angle probe is aimed at No. 1 flat-bottom hole on the test block inclined-plane, from the close-by examples to those far off successively other 7 flat-bottom holes are carried out sensitivity calibration;
C, observe ultrasound waves panel height degree, note corresponding range data, draw UT (Ultrasonic Testing) and detect distance-wave amplitude sensitivity curve commonly used by the ultrasonic instrument display screen;
2, the detection of lasso workpiece
A, lasso workpiece to be detected is placed on the gearing;
B, calibrated ultrasound wave angle probe is placed on the lasso workpiece detects a flaw, write down corresponding distance and wave amplitude height respectively by instrument, through comparing with afore-mentioned distance-amplitude curve, find that wherein 10 lasso workpiece have the inherent vice ripple, the wave amplitude signal that has surpassed distance-amplitude curve height, these 10 workpiece promptly are chosen as unacceptable product;
C, rejected region is carried out mark, be carried out in accordance with regulations isolation, the NonConforming Parts Area of packing into.
Claims (4)
1, is used for the calibration block of large-sized steel lasso finished product ultrasound examination, has the test block body, it is characterized in that: described test block body is a trapezoid block, angle a between the inclined-plane of trapezoid block upper surface and both sides and used ultrasound wave angle probe K value are complementary, and have some circular flat bottom hole that quantity equates on the inclined-plane of trapezoid block both sides; The central axis of described flat-bottom hole is vertical with described inclined-plane.
2, the calibration block that is used for the ultrasound examination of large-sized steel lasso according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described flat-bottom hole degree of depth h is 5mm, and when one timing of ultrasound wave angle probe K value, the distance between the described flat-bottom hole central axis equates.
3, the calibration block that is used for the ultrasound examination of large-sized steel lasso according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: flat-bottom hole quantity is 8 or 12 on the inclined-plane of described trapezoid block both sides.
4, the method that is used for the ultrasound examination of large-sized steel lasso finished product according to claim 1 may further comprise the steps:
(1) calibration of ultrasound wave angle probe
The ultrasound wave angle probe model of flat-bottom hole quantity and corresponding K value in a, the selected calibration block of first concrete size according to lasso workpiece to be detected;
B, the ultrasound wave angle probe is placed on the calibration block upper surface with a angle that matches with its K value is on the sound wave plane of incidence, a certain flat-bottom hole with on the ultrasound wave incident direction aligning calibration block inclined-plane of ultrasound wave angle probe from the close-by examples to those far off carries out sensitivity calibration successively;
C, observe ultrasound waves panel height degree, note corresponding range data, draw UT (Ultrasonic Testing) and detect distance-wave amplitude sensitivity curve commonly used by the ultrasonic instrument display screen;
(2) detection of lasso workpiece
A, with lasso workpiece to be detected with hand steered steady or place on the corresponding gearing;
B, calibrated ultrasound wave angle probe is placed on the lasso workpiece detects a flaw, write down corresponding distance and wave amplitude height respectively by instrument, and compare with afore-mentioned distance-amplitude curve, the wave amplitude signal that does not surpass distance-amplitude curve height promptly is chosen as certified products, has the wave amplitude signal that surpasses distance-amplitude curve height promptly to be chosen as unacceptable product as finding;
C, rejected region is carried out mark, be carried out in accordance with regulations isolation, the NonConforming Parts Area of packing into.
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| CN101813671A (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2010-08-25 | 符丰 | Method for collecting surface wave and creeping wave of ultrasonic flaw detector |
| CN101819183A (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2010-09-01 | 符丰 | Method for calibrating large-angle or small-angle longitudinal wave angle probe for ultrasonic fault detector |
| CN103217485A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-24 | 国家电网公司 | Angle probe ultrasonic field sound pressure distribution measuring test block |
| CN103217484A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2013-07-24 | 空中客车运营有限公司 | Calibration block and method |
| CN103412055A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-11-27 | 浙江方圆金属材料检测有限公司 | Comparison test block for ultrasonic detection |
| CN103913516A (en) * | 2014-03-29 | 2014-07-09 | 国家电网公司 | Method for detecting high-alloy steel by using ultrasonic instrument calibrated by general carbon steel test block |
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