A kind of complete disc brake
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Brake for vehicle, be specifically related to a kind of complete disc brake.
Background technique
Break is the automobile important component part, and its effect is that the vehicle that travels is stopped.Break forms two kinds of technology types, disk type braker and drum brakes gradually through years of development.Drum brake is made of brake drum and brake shoe, brake drum links to each other with wheel and rotates, brake shoe links to each other with bridge, can be around a stationary axle two effects rotation down outside, it is opened or shrink, brake shoe contacts with brake drum and produces frictional force and make car brakeing when opening, during contraction brake shoe with separate brake off.Disk type braker mainly contains two kinds, and a kind of is caliper disc brake, and a kind of is complete disc brake.Wherein, caliper disc brake is made up of brake disc, brake calipers two-part, brake disc links to each other with wheel and rotates, and brake calipers and axle are fixed or endwisely slipped on axle, and piston is arranged in the brake calipers, piston stretches out under external force, the friction plate that promotes the piston front is clamped the brake disc of rotation, and wheel is stopped the rotation, remove external force after, piston-retraction, braking is removed; Complete disc brake is made of housing and friction plate group, and housing and axle are fixing, friction plate component two-part, a part is installed on the housing, can endwisely slip on housing, another part is installed on the wheel, rotates also and can endwisely slip on wheel with wheel, two-part friction plate axially intersects installation, the friction plate group is in contact with one another generation frictional force under the effect of external force, make the wheel stop operating, remove external force after, the friction plate component is opened, brake off.
As mentioned above, disk type braker is compared advantages such as to have a braking ability stable, and thermostability and water stability are good with drum brake, and therefore application more and more widely.And complete disc brake is compared with caliper disc brake, has totally-enclosedly, and advantage such as friction area is big, and the life-span is long, and moment is big also can add cooling system as requested.But its complex structure, the cost height is so only use on large-scale heavy duty vehicle and aircraft.
Complete disc brake is owing to be all-sealed structure, friction plate wraps in the break fully, even be immersed in the cold oil fully, the wearing and tearing of friction plate can not be seen intuitively, and the wear extent of often observing friction plate again in actual the use, so that after may wear to rating value, in time change, fail the dangerous situation that in time stops after avoiding occurring braking.Prior art solutions is to have the hole on brake casing, is carved with the depth value in hole on housing, behind friction disc wear, hole depth increases, and the depth value that measuring hole is present deducts the initial value in hole, obtain the wear extent of friction plate, wear extent just exceeds behind the permitted value more renewal of facing renewal.The process of so observing the friction disc wear amount is pretty troublesome, and for the break that cooling system is arranged, and opens also to have cold oil behind the hole and flow out, and is inconvenient to use.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of complete disc brake, by using this structure, is convenient to the measurement to the friction disc wear amount, and in time renewal of facing renewal is more guaranteed the braking ability that break is good with this.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of complete disc brake, comprise wheel, housing, friction plate assembly and piston assembly, described friction plate assembly is made up of a plurality of spin friction sheets and a plurality of sliding friction film, spin friction sheet and sliding friction film are arranged at interval, described spin friction sheet is connected with described the wheel, described sliding friction film is installed on the described housing, described friction plate assembly all has the degrees of freedom of axial motion, described piston assembly is positioned at housing, the one end presses on the described friction plate assembly, comprise that one is inserted in the measuring rod in the described housing, the inner of this measuring rod is butted on or is fixed on the described piston assembly, and the outer end extends to hull outside, and the jack on described measuring rod and the described housing is in axial sliding connection.
Above, described complete disc brake structure can adopt prior art, comprise rotation wheel (or each component of fixedlying connected, rotating in the lump with wheel), constitute the housing of sealed cavity, housing and vehicle bridge are fixing not to rotate, be provided with piston, friction plate assembly in the housing, form friction plate assembly by spaced apart spin friction sheet and sliding friction film, wherein, the spin friction sheet rotates with wheel and can be in axial sliding on wheel shaft, and sliding friction film is installed in the circular groove on the housing, maintains static but can be in axial sliding in circular groove; Corresponding friction plate assembly place is provided with one or more pistons, and piston can be distributed in the friction plate assembly one or both sides, and by driven plunger assembly pressing friction chip module, spin friction sheet and sliding friction film move axially the back and clamp, and realize the braking to wheel.Simultaneously, can in housing, inject cold oil, improve radiating effect with this.In the technique scheme, corresponding piston assembly place is provided with measuring rod, the jack of this measuring rod the inner on housing inserts in the housing, with piston assembly contact or be connected, the outer end extends to hull outside, in use, and when friction plate assembly is just loaded onto, the piston assembly that is provided with measuring rod compresses to the friction plate assembly side shifting, make measuring rod with piston assembly move inward in the lump (two kinds of situations: 1. be servo-actuated under the piston assembly fixation case; When 2. being connected for compressing, measuring rod inwardly can be compressed up to touching piston assembly with piston assembly), writing down at this moment, the measuring rod outer end is exposed to the outer length of housing; After the friction plate assembly wearing and tearing, adopt identical action, because the friction plate attenuation, the protruded length of measuring rod shortens, and subtracts each other with original measurement length, just can obtain the wear extent that changing value promptly gets friction plate, when reaching wear extent and allow minimum value, then need to change friction plate assembly, if when the initial protruded length of measuring rod equals the permission wearing and tearing thickness of friction plate, when protruded length is 0, renewal of facing renewal more.
Further technological scheme is, the inner of described measuring rod is butted on or is fixed on the piston rod of described piston assembly or on the return bar.
In the technique scheme, be provided with Sealing between described measuring rod and the described housing jack.
In the technique scheme, described measuring rod is provided with scale or definite value mark.
For achieving the above object, the another kind of technological scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of complete disc brake, comprise wheel, housing, friction plate assembly and piston assembly, described friction plate assembly is made up of a plurality of spin friction sheets and a plurality of sliding friction film, spin friction sheet and sliding friction film are arranged at interval, described spin friction sheet is connected with described the wheel, described sliding friction film is installed on the described housing, described friction plate assembly all has the degrees of freedom of axial motion, described piston assembly is positioned at housing, the one end presses on the described friction plate assembly, comprise that one is inserted in the measuring rod in the described housing, the inner of this measuring rod is butted on or is fixed on the described friction plate assembly, and the outer end extends to hull outside, and the jack on described measuring rod and the described housing is in axial sliding connection.
In the technique scheme, the described measuring rod directly jack on housing contacts with friction plate assembly or is connected, its test method is identical with the above-mentioned test method that contacts with piston assembly or be connected, the pressing friction chip module records initial value before use, when waiting to need to detect the friction plate assembly wear extent, pressing friction chip module once more, record the measured value of this moment, the difference of this value and original value is the wear extent of friction plate assembly, judges whether to need to change friction plate assembly with this.
In the technique scheme, be provided with Sealing between described measuring rod and the described housing jack.
In the technique scheme, described measuring rod is provided with scale or definite value mark.
Above, the mounting type of two kinds of measuring rods, though the position difference of conflicting or connect in the inner of measuring rod, but piston assembly is used for the pressing friction chip module, consistent with the movement direction of friction plate assembly, the difference of test volume and original vol has been deducted the base value of piston assembly itself, thereby measuring rod is unaffected to the measurement of friction plate assembly wear extent.Simultaneously because piston assembly is positioned at the outside of friction plate assembly, and the shrinking away from theshell body is more near, it is shorter to need measuring rod to insert length, easier the housing inner chamber is sealed.
Because the technique scheme utilization, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1. because the present invention is provided with measuring rod on housing, the inner of measuring rod is inserted and is contacted with piston assembly or friction plate assembly in the housing or be connected, under the friction plate assembly impaction state, measuring rod moves axially in housing, change the wear extent of judging friction plate assembly according to exposed parts length, if wear extent reaches the minimum permitted value of wearing and tearing, showing needs to change friction plate assembly, compare with metering system in the past, observe more convenient directly perceived;
2. by being inserted in the measuring rod detection friction plate loss situation that contacts or be connected with piston assembly or friction plate assembly in the housing, if be provided with Sealing between measuring rod and housing jack, enclosing housing, because the observation station when measuring is positioned at hull outside, need not to open housing or on housing, offer peephole, for the break that contains cold oil, the housing of sealing can prevent that cold oil from flowing out in the observation process;
3. the measuring rod among the present invention is provided with number and position and can selects the installation position that is fit to the most according to the break kind, thereby is applicable to all kinds of complete disc brakes, and little to existing complete disc brake structural change, and manufacture cost is lower, is easy to promote the use of.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention one;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention two;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention three.
Wherein: 1, wheel; 2, stopping brake piston; 3, housing; 4, sliding friction film; 5, spin friction sheet; 6, service brake piston; 7, measuring rod; 8, return bar; 9, Sealing; 10, spline; 11, circular groove.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Embodiment one: referring to shown in Figure 1, a kind of complete disc brake, comprise wheel 1, housing 3, friction plate assembly and piston assembly, described friction plate assembly is made up of 4 spin friction sheets 5 and 5 sliding friction films 4, spin friction sheet 5 is arranged at interval with sliding friction film 4, described spin friction sheet 5 is taken turns 1 and is connected with described through spline 10, described sliding friction film 4 is installed on the described housing 3 through annular keyway 11, described friction plate assembly all has the degrees of freedom of axial motion, described piston assembly is positioned at housing 3, constitute by the parking system piston 2 that is positioned at the friction plate assembly left side and the service brake piston 6 on right side respectively, one end of both sides piston presses on the described friction plate assembly in opposite directions, return bar 8 places of corresponding right side service brake piston 6 are inserted with a measuring rod 7 in the described housing 3, the inner of this measuring rod 7 is butted on the return bar 8, and the outer end extends to housing 3 outsides, jack on described measuring rod 7 and the described housing 3 is in axial sliding connection, measuring rod 7 outer ends are provided with scale, are provided with Sealing 9 between measuring rod 7 and housing 1 jack.
As shown in Figure 1, wheel 1 is equipped with spin friction sheet 5 around middle axis rotation on the wheel 1, and the spin friction sheet can endwisely slip in wheel 1 upper edge, and the sheet of spin friction simultaneously 5 rotates with taking turns 1.Housing 3 is fixed on the bridge, and sliding friction film 4 is installed on the housing 3, can endwisely slip on housing 3.Sliding friction film 4 and spin friction sheet 5 are placed at interval, and relative rotary motion is arranged, and form many to the friction width of cloth.Left side stopping brake piston 2 is installed in the left side of friction plate assembly, can axial motion in housing 3, spring on the stopping brake piston 2 is in compressive state, piston is moved right, Sealing on stopping brake piston 2 and the housing 3 is sealed a seal chamber, under the effect of extraneous pressure, make piston motion compresses spring left, with the elastic compression friction plate assembly of spring.Service brake piston 6 is installed in the right side of friction plate assembly, can axial motion in housing 3, return bar 8 springs on the piston 6 are in compressive state, piston is moved right, Sealing on service brake piston 6 and the housing is sealed a seal chamber, under external hydraulic pressure effect, make piston, the pressing friction chip module to left movement.When two groups of friction plates stopping brake piston 2 and (or) compress under the pressure of service brake piston 6 after, just produce frictional force, the wheel 1 of rotation and spin friction sheet 5 are stopped operating, produce braking; When acting on after two groups of piston pressures on the friction plate cancel, frictional force disappears, and braking is removed.
Measuring rod 7 is installed on the housing 3, can endwisely slip in housing 3 jacks, and return bar on the service brake piston 68 moves with piston, and measuring rod 7 offsets with return bar 8.When friction plate assembly is just loaded onto, make stopping brake piston 2 move to the end left, service brake piston 6 compresses measuring rod 7 its return bar 8 inner and on the service brake piston 6 is contacted to left movement pressing friction chip module from the right side, write down the pole length that exposes this moment.After the friction plate assembly wearing and tearing, take identical action, because friction plate assembly wearing and tearing attenuation, the protruded length of measuring rod 7 shortens, and the scale on the observation measuring rod 7 subtracts each other with the original length that records, draw the changing value of length, be the wear extent of friction plate assembly,, show and to change friction plate assembly immediately if this wear extent has reached the minimum permitted value of wear extent.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one are similar, and difference is: described piston assembly comprises the service brake piston 6 that is positioned at the friction plate assembly right side, and the friction plate assembly left side is butted on the housing 3.Described measuring rod 7 return bars 8 inner and on the service brake piston 6 are connected, and move axially in the lump with return bar 8.Measuring rod 7 outer ends are provided with the definite value mark, need change friction plate assembly when measuring this mark of arrival.
Referring to shown in Figure 2: wheel is equipped with spin friction sheet 5 on the wheel 11 around middle axis rotation, and the spin friction sheet can endwisely slip in wheel 1 upper edge, and the sheet of spin friction simultaneously 5 rotates with wheel.Housing 3 is fixed on the bridge, and sliding friction film 4 is installed on the housing 3, can endwisely slip on housing 3.Sliding friction film 4 and spin friction sheet 5 are placed at interval, and relative rotary motion is arranged, and form many to the friction width of cloth.Service brake piston 6 is installed in the right side of friction plate group, can axial motion in housing 3, return bar 8 springs on the piston 6 are in compressive state, piston is moved right, Sealing on service brake piston 6 and the housing 3 is sealed a seal chamber, under external hydraulic pressure effect, make piston, the pressing friction chip module to left movement.When two groups of friction plates after compressing under the pressure of stopping brake piston 2, just produce frictional force, the wheel 1 of rotation and spin friction sheet 5 are stopped operating, produce braking; After piston pressure was cancelled, frictional force disappeared, and braking is removed.
During detection, service brake piston 6 is to left movement pressing friction sheet group, just measuring rod 7 along with return bar 8 is moved to the left in the lump, if when measuring rod 7 protruded lengths are positioned on the measuring rod definite value marker bit, having shown needs to have changed friction plate assembly.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment one are similar, and difference is: described piston assembly comprises service brake piston 6 and 2 liang of groups of stopping brake piston, all is arranged at the right side of friction plate assembly, and the friction plate assembly left side is butted on the housing 3.Described measuring rod 7 the inners are connected with service brake piston 6, and 3 of service brake piston 6 and housings are provided with sealing configuration, enclosing housing 3 inner chambers.Simultaneously, also annular groove can be set on measuring rod, seal ring is located in this annular groove, the sealing between formation and housing jack.
Referring to shown in Figure 3, wheel 1 is equipped with spin friction sheet 5 around middle axis rotation on the wheel 1, and the spin friction sheet can endwisely slip in wheel 1 upper edge, and the sheet of spin friction simultaneously 5 rotates with taking turns 1.Housing 3 is fixed on the bridge.Stopping brake piston 2 and service brake piston 6 are installed in the right side of friction plate assembly, can axial motion in housing 3, spring on the stopping brake piston 2 is in compressive state, make piston to left movement, make piston move right pressure spring under the effect of extraneous pressure, service brake piston 6 makes piston to left movement under the extraneous pressure effect.Sliding friction film 4 is installed on the housing 3, can endwisely slip on housing 3, and sliding friction film 4 and spin friction sheet 5 are placed at interval, and relative rotary motion is arranged, and forms many to the friction width of cloth.When two groups of friction plates stopping brake piston 2 and (or) compress under the pressure of service brake piston 6 after, just produce frictional force, the wheel 1 of rotation and spin friction sheet 5 are stopped operating, produce braking; When acting on after two groups of piston pressures on the friction plate cancel, frictional force disappears, and braking is removed.
During use, make service brake piston 6 and stopping brake piston 2 to left movement pressing friction chip module, compressing measuring rod 7 from the right side makes it fixedly connected with service brake piston 6, if measuring rod 7 initial protruded lengths equal the permission wearing and tearing thickness of friction plate, when observe measuring rod 7 protruded lengths when being 0, renewal of facing renewal more.
Embodiment four: a kind of complete disc brake, comprise wheel, housing, friction plate assembly and piston assembly, described friction plate assembly is by a plurality of spin friction sheets and a plurality of sliding friction chip module, spin friction sheet and sliding friction film are arranged at interval, described spin friction sheet is connected with described inboard wheel shaft of taking turns through spline, described sliding friction film is installed on the described housing through annular keyway, described friction plate assembly all has the degrees of freedom of axial motion, described piston assembly is positioned at housing, the one end presses on the described friction plate assembly, be inserted with a measuring rod in the described housing, the inner of this measuring rod is butted on or is fixed on the described friction plate assembly, and the outer end extends to hull outside, jack on described measuring rod and the described housing is in axial sliding connection, and is provided with Sealing between measuring rod and the described housing jack, makes and forms closed cavity in the housing, the measuring rod outer end also is provided with scale, so that the observation wear extent.