CN101649420A - Ultra-strength, high toughness and low yield ratio steel and steel plate and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Ultra-strength, high toughness and low yield ratio steel and steel plate and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides ultra-strength, high toughness and low yield ratio steel, which comprises the following chemical components: 0.05 to 0.12 weight percent of C, 0.15 to 0.50 weight percent of Si,1.0 to 1.5 weight percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.025 weight percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 weight percent of S, 0.20 to 0.50 weight percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.25 weightpercent of Ni, 0.015 to 0.05 weight percent of Nb, 0.015 to 0.045 weight percent of V, 0.010 to 0.050 weight percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.55 weight percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30weight percent of Mo, 0.015 to 0.05 weight percent of Al and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The invention also provides a steel plate manufactured by using the ultra-strength, high toughness and low yield ratio steel and a manufacturing method thereof. The steel plate has excellent mechanical property, has a yield strength of more than or equal to 460 Pa and a yield ratio of less than or equal to 0.80. Moreover, the steel plate has good low-temperature impact toughness and weldability, and is suitable for high steel-structure buildings and other large-scale steel structure fields with low yield ratio requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ferrous materials class, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel, steel plate and manufacture method thereof
Background technology
Along with the increase of China's output of steel, steel building also fast development gets up, and at present domestic construction mostly adopts as-normalized condition to deliver goods with high tensile steel plate such as Q420 and Q460, and the yield tensile ratio of steel plate is usually greater than 0.80.Because modern architecture constantly develops to large space, large span, superelevation layer direction, requirement to building structural steel is more and more higher, not only require to have high strength, high tenacity and good weldability etc., and, building structural steel has been proposed the requirement of low yield strength ratio in order to satisfy steel building antidetonation shockproof function.Stipulate in the Nippon Standard that Highrise buildings is used yield tensile ratio≤0.80 of steel, this also becomes the standard of general in the world low yield strength ratio steel.The requirement of low yield strength ratio makes many high tensile steel plates to apply at building field, must the special low yield strength ratio steel for building of exploitation.
By retrieval, have following patent applications to relate to the low yield strength ratio steel, their chemical ingredients, process system and mechanical property see Table 1.
Chemical ingredients, process system and the mechanical property of the low yield strength ratio steel that the existing patent application of table 1 relates to
CN1786246 discloses a kind of high tensile strength high toughness low yield ratio bainite steel and production method thereof, this steel adopts more Nb, Ti, Mo, Cu and Ni to strengthen, alloying element content is more, adopt the TMCP+RPC+SQ method to produce, technology is complicated, though the tensile strength of steel plate has reached 800MPa, its yield tensile ratio is greater than 0.80, and this steel plate final state is the quenching attitude, is unbalance microstructure.
CN1928130 provides a kind of manufacture method of low yield strength ultrafine grain belt steel, it is by the method for crystal grain appropriateness refinement, the yield strength of steel plate is reduced to below 0.80, this method not only needs controlled rolling and controlled cooling, and the cooling after controlled rolling control had relatively high expectations: the band steel after the finish to gauge is cooled fast to 710～735 ℃ with the cooling rate of 20～40 ℃/s, make the band steel be bordering under the condition of air cooling slowly cooling 3～5 seconds by adjusting cooling manifold group number then, again steel band is cooled fast to 650～670 ℃ of the target temperatures that batch at last.The controlled chilling of high request has not only increased the difficulty of control, and is unfavorable for the stable of quality product.
JP11080832A discloses a kind of production method of low yield strength ratio steel plate, its production technique is relatively complicated, require non-recrystallization zone rolling deformation greater than 30%, and to finishing temperature with roll postcooling speed requirement is all arranged, need subsequently hot-rolled sheet is quenched and temper.This steel contains alloying elements such as more Ni, Cu, Cr and Mo, and the yield strength of steel plate is lower simultaneously, only greater than 345MPa.
JP11021622A discloses a kind of low yield ratio weathering resistant steel plate and manufacture method thereof, and its principal feature is that alloy contents such as Cr, Ni, Mo and Cu are higher, and two stage rolling are rolled the back air cooling.This invention steel technology is comparatively simple, does not need thermal treatment, but that its main drawback is an alloy content is too high, thereby the production cost height.
Consider that construction(al)steel not only should have performances such as high strength, low yield strength ratio, and should be easy to produce, with low cost etc., the present inventor has carried out the research of chemical ingredients proportioning and technology, design a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel, thereby finished the present invention.
First purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel.
Second purpose of the present invention is to provide the steel plate made from described high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention is to provide the manufacture method of described high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel plate.
Summary of the invention
First aspect of the present invention provides a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel, and described chemical ingredients comprises: C:0.05～0.12wt%, Si:0.15～0.50wt%, Mn:1.0～1.5wt%, P≤0.025wt%, S≤0.015wt%, Cu:0.20-0.50wt%, Ni≤0.25wt%, Nb:0.015-0.05wt%, V:0.015～0.045wt%, Ti:0.010-0.050wt%, Cr≤0.55wt%, Mo≤0.30wt%, Al:0.015-0.05wt%, surplus are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel plate, described steel plate is made with above-mentioned high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel, and its chemical ingredients comprises: C:0.05～0.12wt%, Si:0.15～0.50wt%, Mn:1.0～1.5wt%, P≤0.025wt%, S≤0.015wt%, Cu:0.20-0.50wt%, Ni≤0.25wt%, Nb:0.015-0.05wt%, V:0.015～0.045wt%, Ti:0.010-0.050wt%, Cr≤0.55wt%, Mo≤0.30wt%, Al:0.015-0.05wt%, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Below, the chemical ingredients that high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel of the present invention is reached the steel plate made from this steel grade is done as being described in detail.
C: carbon is effective strengthening element in the steel, it not only can dissolve in the effect of playing solution strengthening in the gap of matrix, and often combine with carbide forming element etc., form tiny carbide precipitation particles, play the effect of precipitation strength and refined crystalline strengthening, carbon content of the present invention preferably is not less than 0.05wt%, but considers the too high weldability and the cold formability that will worsen steel of carbon content, so carbon content is no more than 0.12%wt as far as possible.
Si: silicon is one of bioelement of deoxidation in steel making, and Si can improve the intensity of steel by the solution strengthening mode, but the Si too high levels can worsen the welding property and the cold forming capability of steel, and the optimum range of silicone content is 0.15～0.5wt% in the steel of the present invention.
Mn: manganese also is one of bioelement of deoxidation in steel making, and Mn is with low cost, it is the effective element that improves intensity, in addition, Mn is the element that enlarges the austenitic area, can reduce the transition temperature of supercooled austenite, is one of effective element of phase ratio in the control structure of steel, but the Mn too high levels has disadvantageous effect to the welding property of steel, so the content that the present invention controls manganese is preferably between 1.0～1.5wt%.
Al: aluminium is one of effective deoxidant element, and can form nitride and come crystal grain thinning, and aluminium content of the present invention preferably is controlled between the 0.015-0.05wt%.
P, S: sulphur and phosphorus are the detrimental impurity elements in the steel, too high levels can worsen toughness plasticity, cold formability and the weldability of steel, in addition, the performance of steel plate thickness direction will deteriorate significantly, therefore should reduce sulphur, phosphorus content in the steel, control P content≤0.025wt%, S content≤0.015wt% among the present invention as far as possible.
Nb: niobium is strong carboritride forming element, by in rolling the postcooling process, separating out carboritride, produce the intensity that refined crystalline strengthening and precipitation strength are used for improving steel, in addition, niobium is the element that improves austenite recrystallization temperature, can realize that under higher temperature non-recrystallization zone is rolling, thereby can make rolled piece under higher temperature, finish rolling deformation, retained part work hardening effect simultaneously produces the dislocations strengthening effect, and Nb content generally is controlled to be 0.015-0.05wt% in the steel of the present invention.
Ti: titanium is a kind of intensive carbonitride forming element, and its carbonitride has high melt point, and growing up of austenite crystal has inhibition during to heating.And separating out in rolling the postcooling process will be improved the yield strength of steel, on the other hand, TiN in the steel or TiC particle can significantly stop the grain growth of welded heat affecting zone, thereby improve the mechanical property of its welding joint, and Ti content preferably is controlled between the 0.01-0.03wt% in the steel of the present invention.
V: vanadium is strong carboritride forming element, and the carbide solid solubility temperature of vanadium is relatively low, the air cooling stage of steel of the present invention behind strong cold junction bundle still has certain separating out, and then the intensity of raising steel of the present invention, but will obviously worsen the low-temperature flexibility of steel when V content is higher, especially the toughness of welded heat affecting zone, therefore, V content generally is controlled to be 0.015-0.045wt%.
Mo: molybdenum can effectively improve the hardening capacity of steel, suppresses polygonal ferrite and pearlitic generation, promotes to form ferrite or the bainite that intracrystalline has a large amount of dislocations to distribute in big speed of cooling scope, produces phase transformation strengthening and dislocations strengthening effect.In high-strength low-alloy steel, the intensity of steel plate significantly improves with the increase of Mo content, but the Mo cost is higher, and can cause that the steel weldability reduces, thereby Mo content generally is no more than 0.3wt%.
Cr: chromium also is the element that improves steel hardenability, can suppress polygonal ferrite and pearlitic formation, promote bainite or martensitic transformation, thereby the strong hardness of steel is increased, but the Cr too high levels will influence the toughness of steel, and causing temper brittleness, the Cr content in the steel of the present invention preferably is no more than 0.55wt%.
Cu: copper both had been insoluble in the steel matrix, do not form compound yet, usually be present in the steel with tiny precipitation particles state, produce the precipitation strength effect, it not only can improve the intensity of steel, but also can improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance of steel, but Cu content will cause when high in steel billet heating or the course of hot rolling and crack, worsen the surface of steel plate performance, Cu content is controlled at≤0.50wt% in the steel of the present invention.
Ni: nickel is the element that enlarges the austenitic area, the cooling transformation temperature of steel is reduced, thereby reach the effect that refinement changes tissue, improve its low-temperature flexibility when realizing improving the steel strong hardness, Ni can also prevent to contain the tendency that the Cu steel produces surface crack, but Ni is a noble element, so Ni content generally is controlled between the 0.05-0.3wt%.
The 3rd aspect of the present invention provides the manufacture method of described high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel plate, this method comprises smelting, strand, heating, rolling and refrigerating work procedure, wherein in described rolling process, it is 850～980 ℃ that finish rolling begins temperature, and finishing temperature is 820～950 ℃; In described refrigerating work procedure, adopt water-cooled, final cooling temperature is 350～650 ℃.
In a preferred implementation: the Heating temperature in the described heating process is 1150～1250 ℃.
In another preferred implementation: in described refrigerating work procedure, the speed of water-cooled is 10～40 ℃/s.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) alloying element content is few, and cost is lower;
(2) steel of the present invention adopts cooling controlling and rolling controlling process to produce, and need not to roll back secondary critical area quenching tempering, and production technique is simple, is easy to production operation;
(3) yield strength 〉=460Pa of steel plate of the present invention, yield tensile ratio≤0.80 has good low-temperature impact toughness and weldability simultaneously, can satisfy the requirement of Highrise buildings to the low yield strength ratio high-strength steel.
Embodiment
Below for a more detailed description with embodiment to the present invention.These embodiment only are the descriptions to best mode for carrying out the invention, scope of the present invention are not had any restriction.
Embodiment 1
Adopt vacuum oven to smelt into steel billet by the chemical ingredients shown in the table 2, slab is heated to 1150 ℃, it is 850-980 ℃ that finish rolling begins temperature, finishing temperature is 830 ℃, and finished product thickness of slab 20mm rolls back water-cooled fast, 35 ℃/s of speed of cooling, 420 ℃ of final cooling temperatures, air cooling subsequently.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment is with embodiment 1, and wherein Heating temperature is 1250 ℃, 920 ℃ of finishing temperatures, 22 ℃/s of speed of cooling, 530 ℃ of final cooling temperatures.
Embodiment 3
Embodiment is with embodiment 1, and wherein Heating temperature is 1200 ℃, 880 ℃ of finishing temperatures, 25 ℃/s of speed of cooling, 540 ℃ of final cooling temperatures.
Embodiment 4
Embodiment is with embodiment 1, and wherein Heating temperature is 1180 ℃, 900 ℃ of finishing temperatures, 12 ℃/s of speed of cooling, 600 ℃ of final cooling temperatures.
The chemical ingredients (wt%) of table 2 embodiment of the invention 1-4 steel
The test example
Steel plate to embodiment of the invention 1-4 carries out Mechanics Performance Testing, table with test results 3.
The mechanical property of table 3 embodiment of the invention 1-4 steel plate
| Embodiment | Yield strength (MPa) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Unit elongation (%) | Yield tensile ratio | Ballistic work (40 ℃) (J) |
| Embodiment 1 | ??550 | ??712 | ??20 | ??0.77 | ??235 |
| Embodiment 2 | ??528 | ??770 | ??19 | ??0.69 | ??37 |
| Embodiment 3 | ??487 | ??675 | ??23 | ??0.72 | ??92 |
| Embodiment 4 | ??473 | ??610 | ??24 | ??0.77 | ??190 |
Claims (5)
1, a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel, it is characterized in that the chemical ingredients of described low yield strength ratio steel comprises: C:0.05～0.12wt%, Si:0.15～0.50wt%, Mn:1.0～1.5wt%, P≤0.025wt%, S≤0.015wt%, Cu:0.20-0.50wt%, Ni≤0.25wt%, Nb:0.015-0.05wt%, V:0.015～0.045wt%, Ti:0.010-0.050wt%, Cr≤0.55wt%, Mo≤0.30wt%, Al:0.015-0.05wt%, surplus are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2, a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel plate is characterized in that, makes with the described high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio of claim 1 steel.
3, the manufacture method of the described high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio of claim 2 steel plate, this method comprises smelting, strand, heating, rolling and refrigerating work procedure, it is characterized in that, in described rolling process, it is 850～980 ℃ that finish rolling begins temperature, and finishing temperature is 820～950 ℃; In described refrigerating work procedure, adopt water-cooled, final cooling temperature is 350～650 ℃.
4, the manufacture method of high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel plate according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the Heating temperature in the described heating process is 1150～1250 ℃.
5, the manufacture method of high-intensity high-tenacity low yield strength ratio steel plate according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in described refrigerating work procedure, the speed of water-cooled is 10～40 ℃/s.
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