CN1240866C - Refractory steel and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Refractory steel and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1240866C CN1240866C CN 03111076 CN03111076A CN1240866C CN 1240866 C CN1240866 C CN 1240866C CN 03111076 CN03111076 CN 03111076 CN 03111076 A CN03111076 A CN 03111076A CN 1240866 C CN1240866 C CN 1240866C
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Abstract
The present invention provides refractory steel and a manufacturing method thereof. The steel is characterized in that C, Si, Mn, Cr and Mo are used as main alloy elements, Cu, Nb, V, Ni, Ti, Al, B and RE are appended as trace elements, a controlled rolling technology and a controlled cooling technology are adopted, and carbon equivalent, alloy content and yield ratio are controlled to make the steel have low value and good welding performance. Process control and refractory alloy proportion are used to realize Q235 grade and Q345 grade high performance refractory steel to satisfy the requirements of the material used for national safe fireproof buildings, wherein the steel has the characteristics of atmospheric corrosion resistance and easy welding.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material field, particularly be applicable to for building fire-resistant low alloy steel and the manufacture method thereof of welding.
Background technology
Fire-resistant Steels Used in Buildings is the low alloy steel kind of developing in recent years with fire performance, and it plays a decisive role for setting up the structural construction that self has strick precaution fire effect.It is investigated new retrieval, the present fire-resistant steel of developing in the world, as the patent No. is the Japanese Patent " fire prevention can be welded weathering steel " of JP2001049338, to be 19980039060 " the fire-resistant steel of tension 58Kg " be not less than 2/3 of its normal temperature though disclosed patent has reached 600 ℃ of surrender strength degradation in 1-3 hour to Korea S's Pu item patent No., even reached 700 ℃ of strength degradation of surrender in 1-3 hour and be not less than 2/3 of its normal temperature, but its anti-600 ℃ of fire-resistant steel of pyritous are not controlled production technique and yield ratio, the alloy content height, involve great expense, be not easy to welding.Though anti-700 ℃ of fire-resistant steel of pyritous are controlled aspect production technique to some extent, do not control carbon equivalent and yield tensile ratio, involve great expense, and belong to the fire-resistant steel of 58kg level, are not suitable for domestic construction and use steel market.
Domestic construction generally adopts the Q235 level steel of GB700 regulation and the Q345 level steel of GB/T1591 regulation with steel, and the weak point of such steel is when temperature reaches 350 ℃ softening, does not possess fire performance.
Wuhan Iron and Steel Plant provides a kind of fire-resistant steel, number of patent application is 011335629, though having reached 600 ℃ of strength degradation of surrender in 1-3 hour, this steel is not less than 2/3 of its normal temperature, but also there is the drawback of not controlling carbon equivalent and yield tensile ratio, and alloy content height, cost an arm and a leg, can not satisfy the demand in domestic construction structural steel market.
Summary of the invention:
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides the fire-resistant steel of the good low price of welding property, this steel is by adopting suitable rolling technology, control carbon equivalent, alloy content, yield tensile ratio, make its composition optimization, high comprehensive performance, and utilize technology controlling and process and refractory alloy proportioning to realize atmospheric corrosion resistance, and Q235 that is easy to weld and Q345 level high-performance refractory steel are to satisfy the demand of internal security fp building structure with material.
Fire-resistant steel provided by the invention is based on C, Si, Mn, Cr, Cr, Cu, Nb, V alloy element, additional Ni, Ti, Al, B, RE trace element.Its Chemical Composition content (by weight percentage): C 0.01-0.12, Si 0.05-0.55, Mn0.30-1.20, P≤0.030, S≤0.015, Cr 0.30-0.60, Mo 0.20-0.50, Cu0.25-0.50, Nb 0.01-0.04, V O.02-0.05, Ni≤0.20, Ti≤0.015, Al≤0.045, B≤0.0035, RE 0.02-0.20, all the other are Fe.In the present invention, the main effect of each alloying element is:
C: can weld for guaranteeing fire-resistant steel, and reach the Q235 level steel of GB700 regulation and the Q345 level hardness of steel requirement of GB/T1591 regulation, C content requirement 0.01%-0.12%;
Si: in order to guarantee that fire-resistant steel can weld and requirement of strength, Si requires to be not more than 0.55% equally, but Si has reduced the conventional intensity of fire-resistant steel less than 0.05%, so its lower limit is not less than 0.05%.
Mn:Mn content is higher than 1.2% and is unfavorable for welding, but Mn is too low inoperative to the rolling control in rear portion, so Mn content control 0.3%-1.2%.
P, S are that harmful element control is low more good more in the steel, common P≤0.030%, S≤0.015%.
Cr:Cr has contribution to the high-temperature behavior that improves steel, and when Cr content surpassed 0.30%, fire-resistant steel had the effect of atmospheric corrosion resistance, particularly be equipped with and add with Mo, both improved the high-temperature behavior of steel, also improved the ability of the resisting salt fog corrosion of steel, and made fire-resistant steel be more suitable for being applied to the coastland; It is 0.60% meaningless that Cr content is higher than, and increase cost, also increases carbon equivalent; Because the outfit of Cr and Mo adds, make and realize that 600 ℃ of 1-3 hour yield strengths are not less than its normal temperature 2/3 needed Mo add-on and are reduced to below 0.40%, thereby reach the index request of fire-resistant steel, and cheap.For realizing that 600 ℃ of 1-3 hour yield strengths of fire-resistant steel are not less than 2/3 of its normal temperature, the optimal alloy proportioning is: 0.40%≤Cr+Mo+Nb+V≤1.00%.
Mo:Mo is that fire-resistant steel is realized fire-resistant the element that must add.When require 600 ℃ of 1-3 hour yield strengths be not less than its normal temperature 2/3 the time, Mo content must be greater than 0.20%; Add fashionablely simultaneously with Cr, it is 0.40% meaningless that the upper limit of Mo surpasses.When Mo does not add fashionablely with Cr simultaneously, the upper limit of Mo should bring up to 0.50%.
Cu: the adding of Cu is in order further to improve the intensity and the atmospheric corrosion resistance ability of steel in the fire-resistant steel.As considering that fire-resistant steel is applied to the coastland or places little emphasis on atmospheric corrosion resistance, Cu, Ni can not add.The content of Cu surpasses 0.50% will cause that steel surface cracks, negative consequences such as carbon equivalent increases, cost up; Be lower than 0.25%, the atmospheric corrosion resistance effect lowers.
Ni: add Cu and must add Ni, the adding of Ni is in order to alleviate owing to adding the steel surface crackle that Cu causes, Ni also has the ability of certain atmospheric corrosion resistance simultaneously.There is 1: 3 corresponding relation in the adding of Ni and Cu.Its maximum level is no more than 0.20%.
To be the control steel on the one hand can obtain thinner crystal grain when the grain growth in when heating, controlled rolling in the adding of Nb, V, Ti, B, Als, RE, thereby obtain the good fire-resistant steel of over-all properties, and its compound precipitate also has contribution to high-temperature behavior simultaneously.In addition, the adding of Ti helps improving the aging resistance of steel; The adding of V under the cooling control technology effect, helps improving the yield strength of steel.Steel for surpassing the certain thickness specification add an amount of B, and cooperate rolling technology can realize fire-resistant steel traditional performance and high-temperature behavior.When fire-resistant steel further being required improve normal temperature and high-temperature behavior, purification steel, improve the negative temperature ballistic work and further improve the erosion resistance of steel, but Xiang Gangzhong adds the RE alloy.In fire-resistant steel was produced, Nb, V, Ti, B, Als, RE should two or morely add at least simultaneously.Wherein Nb, V add-on should be controlled at 0.01%-0.04% and 0.02%-0.05% respectively, Ti≤0.015%, B≤0.0035%, Al≤0.045%, RE (add-on) 0.02%-0.20%.
Ceq: require Ceq≤0.43% for the steel plate below the 40mm, and require Ceq≤0.45%th for the steel plate more than the 40mm, consider that the characteristics of fire-resistant steel place welding define, carbon equivalent is calculated according to: Ceq=C+Mn/6+ (Cr+Mo+v)/5+ (Ni+Cu)/15 (%), and therefore this fire-resistant steel is to adapt to manual welding and weldering automatically.
Realize the present invention, aspect manufacturing process, adopt controlled rolling+technology for controlled cooling, steel billet is heated to 1100 ℃-1300 ℃ carries out controlled rolling, that is: more than 1000 ℃, draught 〉=40%, all the other amounts of rolling are finished below 930 ℃, and finishing temperature is controlled at 840 ℃-890 ℃.Technology for controlled cooling is: the following steel sheet of 16mm adopts hot rolling and air cooling technology; The above Plate Steel of 16mm rolls the speed of back with 4 ℃/S-20 ℃/S, is cooled to 650 ℃ from 800 ℃-830 ℃, then air cooling.
The present invention compares with prior art, has following advantage:
1, formed Q235～Q345 intensity series by fire-resistant steel provided by the invention, and Mn-Mo, Cr-Mo-Nb series Q235 level and Mo-Nb, Cr-Mo-Nb-Cu, the fire-resistant steel of Cr-Mo-Nb-V series Q345 level, reached with low cost, satisfied the multi-level requirement of construction market.
2, carbon equivalent (Ceq) has been controlled in strictness of the present invention, can satisfy the requirement of place weldings such as construction steel structure craft and automatic welding.
3, the present invention has good comprehensive performances.Negative temperature is impacted and is reached C, D, E level grade quality.Z reaches the Z35 requirement to performance.
4, the present invention has improved the fire endurance of steel.Be equivalent to the fire-resistant H section steel beam of welding of 36b shaped steel and Q345 girder steel under naked steel burning condition, load 142KN, fire-resistant H shaped steel fire endurance reaches 36 minutes (870 ℃), and the IV level fire prevention of having satisfied state architectural design fire safety rules regulation reaches 30 minutes requirement.The Q345 girder steel only reaches 28 minutes (827 ℃), is difficult to satisfy code requirement
5, the present invention has attached atmospheric corrosion resistance, can improve the element of the atmospheric corrosion resistance of steel by adding Cr, Mo, Cu, Ni, RE etc., particularly adds fashionablely when these elements compounding, further improves atmospheric corrosion resistance.
6, the present invention also has anti-seismic performance, evidence, and 16mm is not more than 0.80 with the upper steel plate yield tensile ratio.Make steel construction, have the effect of the seismic energy of absorption, so improved the anti-seismic performance of steel construction.
Embodiment
According to prescription provided by the invention and the fire-resistant steel of fabrication process, its chemical ingredients is listed table 1 in, and corresponding mechanical property is listed table 2 in.
Table 1 is implemented the chemical ingredients (%) of this fire-resistant steel
| Embodiment | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Nb | V | Cu | Re | Ceq |
| 1 | 0.095 | 0.30 | 0.78 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.058 | 0.40 | 0.32 | ||||
| 2 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.48 | 0.005 | 0.003 | 0.38 | 0.24 | 0.033 | 0.26 | |||
| 3 | 0.08 | 0.22 | 0.86 | 0.01 | 0.003 | 0.47 | 0.30 | 0.022 | 0.02 | 0.38 | ||
| 4 | 0.052 | 0.15 | 0.82 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.51 | 0.32 | 0.035 | 0.36 | |||
| 5 | 0.045 | 0.22 | 0.93 | 0.021 | 0.011 | 0.53 | 0.34 | 0.022 | 0.33 | 0.40 | ||
| 6 | 0.066 | 0.30 | 1.05 | 0.011 | 0.007 | 0.49 | 0.34 | 0.29 | 0.02 | 0.43 |
※ RE is by add-on
Table 2 is implemented the mechanical property of this fire-resistant steel
| Embodiment | Rp 0.2 MPa | Rm MPa | Rp 0.2/Rm | A ％ | Rel 600℃ MPa | AKV-20℃ J | State |
| 1 | 270 | 390 | 0.6923 | 34 | 176 | 82，86，74 | Hot rolling |
| 2 | 325 | 415 | 0.7831 | 39 | 173 | 100，106，82 | Hot rolling |
| 3 | 430 | 550 | 0.78 | 26 | 260 | 270，242，262 | Hot rolling |
| 4 | 430～455 | 545～555 | 0.789～0.82 | 24～26 | 345～350 | 100，107 | Hot rolling+control is cold |
| 5 | 370～375 | 535～570 | 0.658～0.69 | 26～31 | 255～275 | 34，53 | Hot rolling |
| 6 | 325～370 | 530～565 | 0.6132～0.6549 | 12～33 | 255 | 82，88 | Hot rolling |
Claims (2)
1, a kind of Fire-resistant Steels Used in Buildings, it is based on C, Si, Mn, Cr, Mo, Cu, Nb, V alloy element, additional Ni, Ti, Al, B, RE trace element, chemical composition content (by weight percentage) is: C 0.01～0.12, Si 0.05～0.55, Mn 0.30～1.20, P≤0.030, S≤0.015, Cr 0.30～0.60, Mo 0.20～0.50, Cu 0.25～0.50, Nb 0.01～0.04, V 0.02～0.05, Ni≤0.20, Ti≤0.015, Al≤0.045, B≤0.0035, RE 0.02～0.20, all the other are Fe; It is characterized in that: the carbon equivalent in the steel is pressed Ceq=C+Mn/6+ (Cr+Mo+V)/5+ (Ni+Cu)/15 (%) formula and is calculated, steel plate Ceq≤0.43% of thickness below 40mm; Steel plate Ceq≤0.45% of thickness more than 40mm; The proportioning of alloy content is according to 0.4%≤Cr+Mo+Nb+V≤1.00% control.
2, a kind of manufacture method of Fire-resistant Steels Used in Buildings as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt controlled rolling+technology for controlled cooling production, steel is rolling more than 1000 ℃, draught 〉=40%, all the other amounts of rolling are finished below 930 ℃, finishing temperature is at 840 ℃～890 ℃, and post-rolling control cooling process is: the following steel sheet of 16mm rolls the back air cooling; The above Plate Steel of 16mm rolls the speed of back with 4 ℃/S～20 ℃/s, is cooled to 650 ℃ from 800 ℃-830 ℃, then air cooling.
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| CN 03111076 CN1240866C (en) | 2003-02-25 | 2003-02-25 | Refractory steel and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN 03111076 CN1240866C (en) | 2003-02-25 | 2003-02-25 | Refractory steel and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN101161847B (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2011-04-13 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | High-ductility steel for hot-bending bends and production method for hot rolled plates thereof |
| JP4673822B2 (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2011-04-20 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Refractory steel material excellent in toughness of welded joint and method for producing the same |
| CN101657555B (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2011-08-03 | 新日本制铁株式会社 | Steel material having excellent high-temperature strength and toughness, and method for production thereof |
| CN101649420B (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2012-07-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Ultra-strength, high toughness and low yield ratio steel and steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102400058A (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2012-04-04 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Steel for reactor containment head and cylindrical shell |
| CN102155065A (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2011-08-17 | 百安力钢结构应用科技有限公司 | Fire-proof floor bearing plate |
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| CN103628606B (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2016-05-04 | 百安力钢结构应用科技有限公司 | A kind of high performance structures composite floor |
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| CN105624578A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-01 | 广西丛欣实业有限公司 | Fire resistant steel for building |
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| CN112813352A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-05-18 | 江苏沪之通金属制品有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant metal material and preparation method thereof |
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