CN101644510A - Absorber and absorber-evaporator assembly and lithium bromide - water absorption machines - Google Patents
Absorber and absorber-evaporator assembly and lithium bromide - water absorption machines Download PDFInfo
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- CN101644510A CN101644510A CN 200910147462 CN200910147462A CN101644510A CN 101644510 A CN101644510 A CN 101644510A CN 200910147462 CN200910147462 CN 200910147462 CN 200910147462 A CN200910147462 A CN 200910147462A CN 101644510 A CN101644510 A CN 101644510A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
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Abstract
The absorber includes a row of sprinklers (5), situated inside a storage tank (4) adapted to receive a hot and concentrated solution, and to project it inside the tank (4) for its dilution, having a heat exchanger (6) of the solution-air or solution-water type, which is external to the storage tank (4) and cools the diluted solution. Each of the sprinklers from the row of sprinklers (5) comprisesnozzles (14) with an oval shape, adapted to spray the solution in the form of a flat sheet (15) with an essentially triangular, fan-type shape, projected in parallel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of absorption machine that is used in air-conditioning and/or the refrigerator devices, these devices utilize lithium bromide-aqueous solution work.
Background technology
In great majority were used, refrigeration and air-conditioning technical utilization were by the refrigerator of cold-producing medium (CFC, HCFC and HFC) work, and these cold-producing mediums compare CO to the greenhouse effects that ozone has destruction (CFC and HCFC) and generation
2The greenhouse effects that produced are much also serious.Because these machines use electric energy in most applications, thereby their work also produces carbon dioxide.
Substitute as a kind of of these machines, the first industrial application of developing is based on the thermodynamic principles that realize by a kind of liquid absorption steam another liquid cools.The absorption cycle is determined the physical property of material (such as, water with such as certain salt of lithium bromide) based on some, to absorb the steam of other materials (such as ammonia and water) respectively by liquid phase.
In absorption machine, by utilizing the heat that state transformation produced of the fluid of circulation in the interchanger tube bank, cold-producing medium (water, ammonia or other) evaporates in evaporimeter.In course of dissolution, the steam that is produced is absorbed agent (water or lithium-bromide solution or other) and absorbs, wherein, in this course of dissolution, solution temperature rises, thereby need external refrigeration so that solution remains under the proper temperature condition, and take place to absorb and the pressure that is known as the chamber of absorber does not rise.
In this external cooling circuit, use water cooling tower usually.The water that cools off in tower is in order to circulating in the tube bank of another interchanger, and this interchanger is positioned at the indoor and absorbent of absorber and is sprayed onto on this interchanger to promote absorption process.The absorbent that utilizes pump will comprise cold-producing medium transfers in another heat exchanger, and the effect of this heat exchanger is by the distilled refrigeration agent cold-producing medium to be separated with absorbent.This heat exchanger is called as generator.Hot fluid (being generally water or steam) is by the tube bank circulation of generator, and it has constituted the main source of the energy that is used to the cycle that absorbs, and this energy also can be from the effluent in any other type procedure that can produce delayed heat.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of absorption machine that is used in air-conditioning and/or the refrigerator devices, these devices utilize lithium bromide-aqueous solution work.
First purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of absorber that is used for absorption machine.
Second purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of absorber-evaporator assemblies.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention is to provide the mono-potency lithium bromide absorption machine of a kind of integrated above-mentioned absorber or absorber-evaporator assemblies.
The 4th purpose of the present invention is to provide the double-effect lithium bromide absorption machine of a kind of integrated above-mentioned absorber or absorber-evaporator assemblies.
The lithium bromide absorption machine that the 5th purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of integrated above-mentioned absorber or absorber-evaporator assemblies and replaces between single-action function and economic benefits and social benefits function.
Absorption machine involved in the present invention is used for developing the use in air-conditioning or refrigerator devices, and more specifically, relates to those systems of the absorption that utilizes lithium bromide and water.
Mono-potency lithium bromide-water absorption machine comprises the following basic element of character:
Absorber can keep low pressure and low evaporating temperature by directly being cooled off by outside air or water when ambient temperature is high, it carries out independent thermal mass transmission (heat and masstransfer) process,
Condenser directly cools off by outside air or from the water of tower or other refrigeration loops,
Evaporimeter,
Heater, and
Hot reflux heat exchanger (heat recuperator).
This heater comprises: at least one heating clamber, in this heating clamber, have heat exchanger, and when thermal source was direct flame, this heat exchanger was preferably made by high temperature resistant stainless steel, and this heat exchanger promotes to transfer heat to lithium bromide-aqueous solution; Interchanger can utilize the heat that is produced by solar collector etc., biomass boiler, biodiesel boiler, bio-ethanol boiler, traditional fossil-fuel boiler or utilize flue gas that engine discharges, fuel cell, fuel tank or other can produce the delayed heat that any thermal process produced of sufficient temp delayed heat.
This generator also can be combined with by PDI adjuster control low, in or high power adjustable type burner with substituting or replenishing as heat exchanger, this PDI adjuster allows arbitrarily control temperature, when combustion of fossil fuels (be preferably GLP, GN, diesel oil, biodiesel, biogas or other), this burner produces heat in heating clamber.
In addition, in heating clamber, generator is equipped with the steam separator.
Lithium-bromide solution joins in the heating clamber of generator dilutedly, absorb heat, boil to the temperature between 85 ℃ and 125 ℃ or the higher temperature (this depends on the temperature of outside air), produce the refrigerant vapour (hot concentrated solution) and the steam of heating again, this steam is separated in separator.Steam leaves generator and is admitted in the condenser, and in this condenser, steam is transformed into liquid, is delivered to evaporimeter by expansion valve then, and in this evaporimeter, liquid is transformed into steam once more.
The hot reflux heat exchanger is preferably the plate heat exchanger with brazing, and the heat of the hot concentrated solution that this hot reflux heat exchanger will come out from generator is passed to the cold soln from the dilution of absorber, it is carried out preheating before being supplied to generator should diluting cold soln.
Be lowered at the pressure-reducing valve that is arranged between reflux exchanger (recuperator) and the absorber from flow through hot reflux heat exchanger and its pressure of this hot concentrated solution of generator, thereby it enters in the absorber with low pressure.
This absorber comprises with lower member:
Holding vessel,
In a row sprinkler is positioned at this holding vessel, and hot concentrated solution is flowed through these sprinklers to be sprayed in the jar, and is diluted thereby this hot concentrated solution contacts with the steam that comes flash-pot in this jar,
Heat exchanger is positioned at outside the holding vessel and preferably has fin, and this heat exchanger cools off dilute solution,
Circulating pump, suction is from the dilute solution in the holding vessel and push it against heat exchanger, and by this heat exchanger, above-mentioned sprinkler in a row is discharged and be back to this dilute solution with cyclic process, promotes the transmission of quality and heat, and
The generator feed pump sucks from the dilute solution of absorber and pushes it against generator, passes reflux exchanger, and in this reflux exchanger, this solution becomes concentrated solution once more.
Absorber is directly passed to atmosphere by the absorption heat of solution in the heat exchanger self-absorption in the future device.This is an absorber of the present invention with respect to one of basic distinguishing characteristics of other system (wherein, absorbing heat at first is passed to water loop and is passed to outside air by fan from water loop subsequently from solution).On the contrary, by system described in the present invention, temperature difference between solution and the extraneous space increases to some extent with respect to cooling off needed temperature difference again, and therefore heat is transmitted better, heat exchange area is littler, saved interchanger, and make to have absorbed temperature as much as possible near the temperature of outside air.
Other very important designs that are characterised in that absorber, this absorber comes work by spray solution.Sprinkling helps the quality transmission, and owing to absorption process is adiabatic, the heat transmission that therefore occurs in the heat exchanger is independent with the external world, and this has further reduced heat exchange area owing to efficient operation.
Absorb by realizing with the flat and parallel sheet form spray solution with basic triangle fan type shape, this helps to a great extent with mode Transfer Quality very efficiently.
These sprinklers have oval nozzle, this ellipse nozzle makes it possible to have a fan-shaped flat sheet (flat sheet with above-mentioned, or flat board) form spray solution, described flat sheet has big surface, it keeps in touch with the steam that comes flash-pot and be present in the absorber chamber, thereby promotes to absorb.
Therefore, this provides than the littler absorber of those absorber volumes of current supply on the market and provides and has had the littler efficient solution-air heat exchanger of selling on the market than current of those heat exchange area.The cumulative volume that these characteristics mean absorber-evaporimeter is less than the volume of current those absorber-interchangers that exist on the market, and therefore the volume of machine is also littler.Therefore, the advantage of all absorbers as described herein is: heat is transmitted and the mass transfer coefficient height, and volume/power ratio is low, and structure easily is easy to approachingly, is easy to observe and is easy to and safeguard.This absorber can be used for single-action machine and multiple-effect machine.
Evaporimeter is combined with heat exchanger, water from the space that is used for cooling off for example commercial building, vehicle interior, freezer cycles through this heat exchanger, and this evaporimeter also has the cold air pump, and this pump is pushed the cooling water in the heat exchanger to be installed in to the cooling device in the space of pending air conditioning.
Condenser is designed for the low-pressure water steam from generator particularly, and this condenser is integrated in the machine to save the space with two kinds of patterns (in two phases) by specialized designs.If condenser has little size and it is arranged in the machine, then this condenser helps to reduce the overall size of machine.Under the situation of using air that condenser is cooled off, this condenser preferably includes heat exchanger and fan, and wherein, this heat exchanger is preferably made by the copper pipe with aluminium radiator fin.Also can use this condenser of water cooling from tower or other refrigeration loops.When carrying out refrigeration work, the steam of the temperature that produces in the generator between 85 ℃ and 125 ℃ is by the direct condensation of outside air, and perhaps when working under heating mode, this steam is by the direct condensation of air of space to be cooled (for example, building interior).
It should be noted that this absorption machine can utilize discharges flue gas or recoverable heat or recyclable fuel or transmits heat in the generator from the fuel of traditional fuel boiler.
This absorption machine is used in fixing refrigerator or can and has in the removable refrigerator of brish acceleration in clinoplain work and freezes: have in the city public transport diesel vehicle or long-distance diesel oil passenger vehicle of spontaneous ignition, in having the city gasoline car or long-distance gasoline passenger vehicle that excites (provoke) igniting, at the gasoline and diesel driven formula bogie and the truck that are used for transporting frozen product, on the hot machine ship (thermal engine craft) that with gasoline and diesel oil is fuel, and not having in the heat-engined vehicle of discharging flue gas except that aforementioned claim is described; And can be used for that temperature is higher than 7 ℃ greenhouse, cold storage warehouse and carry out air conditioning, and the building of using hot machine is carried out air conditioning.
Simultaneously, lithium bromide-water absorption machine can be by the combustion engine outside additional fuel or the fuel system that during the neutral gear extended period, produces additional heat (for the heat of discharging flue gas) that acts on of inside, combustion chamber self, and can be by the additional fuel of combustion engine outside or the fuel system that during prolonging route (highway or railway), produces additional heat (for the heat of discharge flue gas) that acts on of inside, combustion chamber self.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multiple-effect absorption machine, such as the economic benefits and social benefits machine, except having the parts that the single-action machine comprised, this economic benefits and social benefits machine also comprises another generator, another reflux exchanger and sub-cooler (sub-cooler, or aftercooler).
The generator that this economic benefits and social benefits machine comprises is high pressure generator and another low pressure generator that is connected to this high pressure generator, and this high pressure generator is associated with the heating clamber that can be equipped with burner.In high pressure and the low pressure generator each is connected in high pressure and low pressure reflux exchanger respectively successively, and this high pressure and low pressure reflux exchanger will be delivered to absorber via corresponding pressure-reducing valve from the hot concentrated solution of generator.
When high pressure generator with refrigerant steam and aqueous water after separating, low pressure generator is connected, steam is directed to condenser, simultaneously aqueous water is transported to the sub-cooler adjacent with this condenser.Next, in condenser and the steam of condensation in sub-cooler guided to high-pressure expansion valve and inflated with low pressure valve respectively, wherein, before entering evaporimeter, pressure and temperature reduces.
Different with the single-action machine is, this absorption machine has the additional input that is connected to the high pressure reflow heat exchanger via one of aforementioned pressure-reducing valve, and the supply pump that is used for generator guides to high pressure reflow heat exchanger and low pressure reflux exchanger with dilute solution via the solution distributing valve.
Simultaneously, conceived the feasibility of the heat exchanger of absorber, this absorber is solution-water heat exchanger rather than solution-air heat exchanger, and wherein, water is by the water cooling from tower.
Another object of the present invention provides the absorber-evaporator assemblies that absorber and evaporimeter are integrated that is used for single-action machine and multiple-effect machine.
This absorber-evaporator assemblies has a container or holding vessel, it has and separates and perpendicular to the dividing wall (or separates walls) of container bottom, this dividing wall forms two spaces or chamber, because the lid or the top surface of described wall and no show container, thereby this makes gas or steam to mix in the part of top.Steam is present in vaporization chamber inside and comprises tube bank, this tube bank forms a loop, usually pass this loop from the refrigeration liquid circulation in space to be cooled, steam leaves the pipe that is arranged in vaporization chamber top part with the high pressure of pressure than the pipe of the bottom part that is arranged in this chamber, and vice versa.
In this evaporimeter, come out and the water that arrives this vaporization chamber is evaporated from condenser.In case be evaporated, water just flows to adjacent chamber or absorption chamber with the form of steam.
Be introduced in the absorption chamber adjacent with this vaporization chamber and arrive gatherer (collector, water collector) from the steam of vaporization chamber, sprinkler is installed on the gatherer, and hot concentrated solution is discharged from these sprinklers.
Described configuration is all effective for single-action absorption machine and multiple-effect (such as double or three efficiency-timed rates) absorption machine.According to the type of gatherer, can have from one of two generators, two or three hot concentrated solution pipelines and from, two or three water delivery lines of condenser.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of absorption machine that is used in combination, this absorption machine combines single-action mode of operation and economic benefits and social benefits mode of operation, wherein, the installation needs of serving according to this absorption machine, this work can change between a pattern or another pattern, and wherein have pipeline and valve system, so that can determine mode of operation.This absorption machine also can comprise above-mentioned absorber or absorber-evaporator assemblies.
This absorption machine that is used in combination is crucial for the application under utilizing the regenerative resource situation, and wherein, the single-action machine will use such as solar energy or reclaim the rechargeable energy of delayed heat, and the economic benefits and social benefits machine with commodity in use fuel as thermal source.
Therefore, this absorption machine with the object of the invention both can also can be used for being used for building, private residence are carried out air conditioning by air setting by water condensation, and be used for commercial building, freezer are cooled off, also be used for greenhouse, industrial building etc. is cooled off, or the like, and the automotive (ship, city bus and long-distance car, truck, truck cabin) that can be used for any kind carries out air conditioning and refrigeration.
Description of drawings
For ongoing description being replenished and feature of the present invention better being understood for the ease of preferred practical embodiments according to the present invention, mix the part of some accompanying drawings as an integral body of described description, wherein, the following drawings is exemplary and for nonrestrictive:
Fig. 1 shows the profile of single-action absorption machine, and this single-action absorption machine combines the absorber of representing with schematic form of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the front view of the nozzle that is connected to sprinkler (sprinkler);
Fig. 3 shows the plane of nozzle;
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of sprinkler, and the nozzle of this sprinkler is gone up projection (project) triangle fan shape at dull and stereotyped (flatsheet);
Fig. 5 shows the heater with interchanger;
Fig. 6 shows the heater with burner;
Fig. 7 shows the profile of economic benefits and social benefits absorption machine, and this economic benefits and social benefits absorption machine combines with the absorber of the present invention shown in the schematic form;
Fig. 8 shows the profile of absorption machine, and this absorption machine has been integrated single-action functional mode and economic benefits and social benefits functional mode;
Fig. 9 shows the profile of single-action absorption machine, and this single-action absorption machine combines with the absorber-evaporator assemblies of the present invention shown in the schematic form;
Figure 10 shows the profile of economic benefits and social benefits absorption machine, and this economic benefits and social benefits absorption machine combines with the absorber-evaporator assemblies of the present invention shown in the schematic form;
Figure 11 shows the normal section view of absorber-evaporator assemblies, and this absorber-evaporator assemblies is used for single-effect machine;
Figure 12 shows the side sectional view of absorber-evaporator assemblies, and this absorber-evaporator assemblies is used for single-effect machine;
Figure 13 shows the normal section view of absorber-evaporator assemblies, and this absorber-evaporator assemblies is used for the economic benefits and social benefits machine;
Figure 14 shows the side sectional view of absorber-evaporator assemblies, and this absorber-evaporator assemblies is used for the economic benefits and social benefits machine.
The specific embodiment
According to profile shown in Figure 1, mono-potency lithium bromide absorption machine of the present invention comprises:
-heater 1, it has the heated chamber 2 that is suitable for heating lithium bromide water solution, and it comprises steam separator (not shown);
-absorber 3, it comprises:
Holding vessel 4;
Circulating pump 7, in continuous process recycling, this circulating pump aspirates diluted solution and it is promoted towards heat exchanger 6 from holding vessel 4, is cooled and the solution that dilutes comes out from heat exchanger, is back to the sprinkler 5 of embarking on journey; And
-hot reflux heat exchanger (heat recuperator) 9, it is between generator 1 and absorber 3, wherein, heat always in the solution that concentrates of the heat of generator 1 is transferred to diluted cold soln from absorber 3, preheated it before diluted cold soln is supplied to generator 1;
-pressure-reducing valve 10, it is between hot reflux heat exchanger 9 and absorber 3;
-condenser 11, it is connected to generator 1, the steam that condenser condenses produces in generator 1;
-evaporimeter 12, it is connected to absorber 3, and this evaporimeter is suitable for water vapour is incorporated in the absorber 3; And
-expansion valve 13, it is connected to evaporimeter 12 with condenser 11.
According to described structure, the absorption machine significant feature is, the combination of the oval nozzle 14 among Fig. 2 and 3 (in each sprinkler of the sprinkler 5 of embarking on journey), it is suitable for the form spray solution of basic triangle fan shape by flat board 15, as understanding from Fig. 4, wherein, the nozzle 14 of sprinkler preferably is arranged such that described dull and stereotyped 15 projections abreast, as seeing from Fig. 1.
Similar being important to note that, according to a basic characteristic of the present invention, the heat exchanger 6 of absorption machine is solution-brethaid, as shown in Figure 1, it has the fan 16 that is associated with described interchanger, but it is contemplated that also it is solution-water type that the concrete feature that is positioned at heat exchanger 6 tops shown in the figure remains.
The fan 16 of solution-air heat exchanger 6 can be identical with the fan 16 of cooler condenser 11, as seeing from Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 and 6 shows generator 1 and can integrate heat exchanger 23 in heated chamber 2 and/or can have combustion of fossil fuel device 17 explicitly with heated chamber.
Fig. 1 shows the space 18 that absorption machine is used to wait to be carried out air conditioning, wherein, be appreciated that, evaporimeter 12 has been integrated interchanger 19, by the circulate water in the space 18 of waiting to be carried out air conditioning of the inside of interchanger 19,, and has water supply pump 20 so that cool off, the water that this water supply pump will be cooled in this interchanger 19 is delivered to the cooling device 21 that is installed in the space 18 of waiting to be carried out air conditioning, and this cooling device is equipped with fan 22.
Fig. 7 shows the double-effect lithium bromide machine, this double-effect lithium bromide machine comprises a part of element of the single-effect machine that appears among Fig. 1, wherein, not to have a single generator, but have high pressure generator 1 ' and the low pressure generator 1 that is connected to high pressure generator 1 ' "; wherein, high pressure generator 1 ' can be associated with burner 17.Simultaneously, high pressure generator 1 ' and low pressure generator 1 " in each be connected to high pressure reflow heat exchanger 9 ' and low pressure reflux exchanger 9 respectively in turn ", its with the concentrated solution of heat from high pressure generator and low pressure generator 1 '; 1 " deliver to absorber 3, they with absorber 3 between integrate (combination) pressure-reducing valve 10 ', 10 ".
In this case, conceived additional input has been incorporated in the absorber 3, it will be via above-mentioned pressure-reducing valve 10 " and be connected to low pressure return channel 9 ", and conceived utilize feed pump 8 will be in absorber 3 diluted solution guide high pressure reflow device 9 ' and low pressure return channel 9 into via solution distributing valve 24 ".
Fig. 8 shows absorption machine, and alternately as single-effect machine and economic benefits and social benefits machine, it combines a series of valve to this absorption machine, and these valves make it possible to realize a kind of pattern or another kind of pattern.Particularly, this machine comprises:
-connecting valve 37, it is between generator 1 and condenser 11;
-to return channel return valve 26, it is at return channel 9 and extend to from solution distributing valve 25 between the branch of feed pump 8;
-to the circulating valve 27 of sub-cooler, it is with low pressure generator 1 " be connected to sub-cooler 24; And
-to the circulating valve 28 of condenser, it is with low pressure generator 1 " be connected to condenser 11.
This machine can be divided into two functional modes, single-action functional mode and economic benefits and social benefits functional mode.Under the single-action functional mode, the circulation of the liquid that plays a role aspect machine function is represented wherein, pressure-reducing valve 10 is only arranged by thick line, and to the returning valve 26, connect valve 37 and high-pressure expansion valve 13 ' is opened of return channel, and remaining valve maintenance is closed.
Act at machine under the situation of economic benefits and social benefits functional mode, returning valve 26, expansion valve 10 and being connected valve 37 and close to return channel only arranged.
On other a piece of paper, Fig. 9 shows the single-action absorption machine, wherein, what propose is not absorber 3, but the integral body of absorber-evaporator assemblies 3 ', its form with signal is represented, comprises the holding vessel 4 ' of the separates walls (or dividing wall) 29 that is provided with vertical isolation, this has constituted two chambers 30,33, and these two chambers communicate with each other by their top:
Define evaporation chamber 30 on a side of vertical separates walls 29, this evaporation chamber comprises evaporimeter 32; And
Define absorption chamber 33 on the opposite side of vertical separates walls 29, concentrated solution is diluted therein.
This absorber-evaporator assemblies 3 ' and absorber 3 shared feed pumps 8, heat exchanger 6 and circulating pump 7, wherein, this feed pump is suitable for extracting diluted solution, at the diluted solution of the external refrigeration of heat exchanger 6, circulating pump 7 is drawn diluted solution and is pushed it against heat exchanger 6 with the process of continuous circulation, makes it turn back to sprinkler in a row 5.
Figure 10 shows the economic benefits and social benefits absorption machine, and it has similarly integrated this absorber-evaporator assemblies 3 '.
Can understand absorber-evaporator assemblies in more detail in Figure 11 and 12, wherein, the top that the vertical wall 29 shown in Figure 12 makes steam pass through holding vessel 4 ' flow to absorption chamber 33 from evaporation chamber 32, and this is because separates walls 29 does not reach the top.
At least one water supply line 38 that evaporation chamber 30 receives from condenser 11, arrive evaporimeter 32 up to it, it comprises by pipe and 35 has constituted the refrigerating fluid circuit, wherein, the refrigerating fluid of second heat is by upper tube 35 circulations (about 10 ℃-18 ℃), and the second cold refrigerating fluid circulates (about 7 ℃-15 ℃) by lower tube 35, and second refrigerating fluid can be sent to room to be cooled 18, freezer, greenhouse or the like.When water began to contact with the pipe 35 of refrigerating fluid circuit, the water that is in low-pressure (approximately 8-15mbar) very evaporation and rising in evaporation chamber 30 was crossed vertical separates walls 29 and is arrived absorption chamber 33.
In absorption chamber 33, the steam that comes from evaporation chamber 30 will contact with the lithium-bromide solution from sprinkler 5 projections.
Conceived, absorption chamber 33 has gatherer 36, and this gatherer is suitable for receiving the refrigeration solution that concentrates from the heat of return channel 9, above-mentioned sprinkler 5 is installed on gatherer 36, and it similarly is suitable for receiving recycle circuit 39.
Therefore, bromide solution is sprayed via sprinkler 5 from this solution catcher 36.The sprinkling of flat board 15 forms of lithium bromide helps utilizing steam that it is diluted.
In case injected sheet (sheet) solution falls into the bottom (as seeing from Figure 12) of absorption chamber 33, then the diluted part of solution is sent to generator 1 by means of the help of feed pump 8, and another part will be directed to the solution catcher 7 or the container 10 of absorption chamber 13 by interchanger 6, start absorption process afterwards once more.
Under the situation of economic benefits and social benefits machine, conceived similarly and comprised this absorber assemblies 3 ', as shown in figure 10, absorber-the evaporator assemblies 3 ' that keeps same structure at length has been shown in Figure 13 and 14, wherein, gatherer 36 has comprised many relevant incoming lines, is from two return channels 9,9 in the case " incoming line and from the relevant water incoming line 38 of condenser 11 and sub-cooler 24.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. the absorber of a lithium bromide absorption machine (3) comprising:
Holding vessel (4);
Sprinkler in a row (5) is positioned at described holding vessel (4), and described sprinkler is suitable for receiving hot concentrated solution and it is injected in the described holding vessel (4) so that it is diluted;
Feed pump (8), it is suitable for extracting diluted solution from described absorber (3),
It is characterized in that described absorber additionally comprises:
Heat exchanger (6) is positioned at described holding vessel (4) outside, is used to cool off described diluted solution;
Circulating pump (7), it is suitable for aspirating described diluted solution and push it to described heat exchanger (6) in continuous cyclic process from described holding vessel (4), makes it be back to described sprinkler in a row (5).
2. the absorber of lithium bromide absorption machine according to claim 1 (3) is characterized in that, described heat exchanger (6) is solution-air type.
3. the absorber of lithium bromide absorption machine according to claim 1 (3) is characterized in that, described heat exchanger (6) is solution-water type.
4. the absorber of lithium bromide absorption machine according to claim 1 (3), it is characterized in that, each sprinkler in the described sprinkler (5) in a row comprises the nozzle (14) with elliptical shape, and described nozzle is suitable for spraying described solution with the flat board of basic triangle fan shape (15) form.
5. the absorber of lithium bromide absorption machine according to claim 4 (3) is characterized in that, described nozzle (14) is provided with by the mode of parallel projection with described flat board (15).
6. absorber-the evaporator assemblies of a lithium bromide absorption machine comprises:
Holding vessel (4 ');
Sprinkler in a row (5) is positioned at described holding vessel (4), and described sprinkler is suitable for receiving hot concentrated solution and it is injected in the described holding vessel (4 ') so that it is diluted;
Feed pump (8), it is suitable for extracting diluted solution,
It is characterized in that described absorber-evaporator assemblies additionally comprises:
Heat exchanger (6) is positioned at described holding vessel (4) outside, is used to cool off described diluted solution; And
Circulating pump (7), it is suitable for aspirating described diluted solution and push it to described heat exchanger (6) in continuous cyclic process from described holding vessel (4), makes it be back to described sprinkler in a row (5),
And described holding vessel (4 ') is provided with the vertical separates walls (29) of isolation, and described vertical separates walls defines two chambers (30,33), and described two chambers communicate with each other on their top, and described two chambers comprise:
Evaporation chamber (30), it is limited to a side that includes an evaporimeter (32) of described vertical separates walls (29); And
Absorption chamber (33), it is limited to the opposite side of described vertical separates walls (29).
7. absorber-evaporator assemblies according to claim 6 (1) is characterized in that, described heat exchanger (16) is solution-air type.
8. absorber-the evaporator assemblies of lithium bromide absorption machine according to claim 6 (1) is characterized in that, described heat exchanger (16) is solution-water type.
9. absorber-the evaporator assemblies of lithium bromide absorption machine according to claim 6 (1), it is characterized in that, each sprinkler in the described sprinkler (5) in a row comprises the nozzle (14) with elliptical shape, and described nozzle is suitable for spraying described solution with the flat board of basic triangle fan shape (15) form.
10. absorber-the evaporator assemblies of lithium bromide absorption machine according to claim 9 (1) is characterized in that, described nozzle (14) is provided with by the mode of parallel projection with described flat board (15).
11. the absorber-evaporator assemblies of lithium bromide absorption machine according to claim 7 (1), it is characterized in that, described absorption chamber (33) comprises gatherer (36), described gatherer is suitable for receiving described heat and concentrates refrigeration solution, and described absorption chamber also is equipped with above-mentioned sprinkler (5), and is suitable for receiving recycle circuit (39).
12. a mono-potency lithium bromide absorption machine comprises:
-heater (1), it has the heated chamber (2) that is suitable for heating lithium bromide water solution;
-absorber (3);
-hot reflux heat exchanger (9), it is positioned between described heater (1) and the described absorber (3), wherein, heat is provided to described heater (1) at this cold diluted solution and before it is preheated from the hot concentrated solution from described heater (1) is transferred to cold diluted solution from described absorber (3);
-pressure-reducing valve (10), it is positioned between described hot reflux heat exchanger (9) and the described absorber (3);
-condenser (11), it is connected to described heater (1), the steam that described condenser condenses produces in described heater (1);
-evaporimeter (12), it is connected to described absorber (3), and described evaporimeter is suitable for steam is incorporated in the described absorber (3); And
-expansion valve (13), it is connected to described evaporimeter (12) with described condenser (11),
It is characterized in that described absorber (3) is each described absorber (3) among the claim 1-5.
13. a double-effect lithium bromide absorption machine comprises:
-high pressure generator (1 ') and be connected to the low pressure generator (1 ") of described high pressure generator (1 ') is with the heating lithium bromide water solution;
-absorber (3);
-high pressure reflow heat exchanger (9 ') and low pressure reflux exchanger (9 ") are associated with described high pressure generator (1 ') and low pressure generator (1 "), are suitable for delivering to described absorber (3) from the hot concentrated solution of described heater (1 ', 1 ");
-pressure-reducing valve (10 ', 10 ") is associated with described high pressure generator (1 ') and described low pressure generator (1 ") respectively;
-solution distributing valve (25) is positioned between feed pump (8) and the reflux exchanger (9 ', 9 ");
-condenser (11) is connected to described high pressure generator (1 '), the steam that described condenser condenses produces in described high pressure generator (1 ');
-sub-cooler (24), the contiguous described condenser (11) that is connected to described low pressure generator (1 ");
-evaporimeter (12), it is connected to described absorber (3), and described evaporimeter is suitable for steam is incorporated in the described absorber (3);
-be used for the expansion valve (13 ', 13 ") of high pressure and low pressure, lay respectively between described evaporimeter (12) and the described condenser (11) and between described evaporimeter (12) and the described sub-cooler (24),
It is characterized in that described absorber (3) is each described absorber (3) among the claim 1-5.
14. a mono-potency lithium bromide absorption machine is characterized in that, described mono-potency lithium bromide absorption machine comprises:
Each described absorber-evaporator assemblies (3 ') among-claim 6-11;
-heater (1), it has the heated chamber (2) that is suitable for heating lithium bromide water solution;
-hot reflux heat exchanger (9), it is positioned between described heater (1) and the described absorber-evaporator assemblies (3 '), wherein, heat is provided to described heater (1) at it and before it is preheated from the hot concentrated solution from described heater (1) is transferred to cold diluted solution from described absorber-evaporator assemblies (3 ');
-pressure-reducing valve (10), it is positioned between described hot reflux heat exchanger (9) and the described absorber-evaporator assemblies (3 ');
-condenser (11), it is connected to described heater (1), the steam that described condenser condenses produces in described heater (1); And
-expansion valve (13), it is connected to described evaporimeter (12) with described condenser (11).
15. a double-effect lithium bromide absorption machine is characterized in that, described double-effect lithium bromide absorption machine comprises:
Each described absorber-evaporator assemblies (3 ') among-claim 6-11;
-high pressure generator (1 ') and low pressure generator (1 "), described low pressure generator is connected to described high pressure generator (1 '), with the heating lithium bromide water solution;
-high pressure reflow heat exchanger (9 ') and low pressure reflux exchanger (9 "); it is associated with described high pressure generator (1 ') and low pressure generator (1 ") are suitable for and will deliver to described absorber (3 ') from the hot concentrated solution of described heater (9 ', 9 ");
-pressure-reducing valve (10 ', 10 ") is associated with described high pressure generator (1 ') and low pressure generator (1 ") respectively;
-solution distributing valve (25) is positioned between feed pump (8) and the described hot reflux heat exchanger (9 ', 9 ");
-condenser (11) is connected to described heater (1), the steam that described condenser condenses produces in described heater (1);
-sub-cooler (24), the contiguous described condenser (11) that is connected to described low pressure generator (1 "); And
-high pressure and inflated with low pressure valve (13 ', 13 ") lay respectively between described evaporimeter (12) and the described condenser (11) and between described evaporimeter (12) and the described sub-cooler (24).
16. being used in combination of a lithium bromide absorption machine, it is characterized in that, described lithium bromide absorption machine comprises described single-action absorption machine of claim 12 and the described economic benefits and social benefits absorption machine of claim 13, and additionally comprises the valve of definite single-action as described below or economic benefits and social benefits functional mode:
-connecting valve (37), it is positioned between described heater (1) and the described condenser (11);
-to described reflux exchanger return valve (26), it is positioned at described reflux exchanger (9) and extends between the branch of described feed pump (8) from described solution distributing valve (25);
-to the circulating valve (27) of described sub-cooler, it is connected to described sub-cooler (24) with described low pressure generator (1 "); And
-to the circulating valve (28) of described condenser, it is connected to described condenser (11) with described low pressure generator (1 ").
17. being used in combination of a lithium bromide absorption machine, it is characterized in that, described lithium bromide absorption machine comprises described single-action absorption machine of claim 14 and the described economic benefits and social benefits absorption machine of claim 15, and additionally comprises the valve of definite single-action as described below or economic benefits and social benefits functional mode:
-connecting valve (37), it is positioned between described generator (1) and the described condenser (11);
-to described reflux exchanger return valve (26), it is positioned at described reflux exchanger (9) and extends between the branch of described feed pump (8) from described solution distributing valve (25);
-to the circulating valve (27) of described sub-cooler, it is connected to described sub-cooler (24) with described low pressure generator (1 "); And
-to the circulating valve (28) of described condenser, it is connected to described condenser (11) with described low pressure generator (1 ").
18. being used in combination according to claim 16 or 17 described lithium bromide absorption machines, it is characterized in that, described single-action machine use renewable sources of energy or the energy that reclaims from delayed heat as thermal source, renewable sources of energy is solar energy preferably, described economic benefits and social benefits machine uses fuel energy as thermal source.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200801738 | 2008-06-09 | ||
| ES200801738 | 2008-06-09 | ||
| ES200803461 | 2008-12-05 | ||
| ES200900691 | 2009-03-12 |
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| CN101644510A true CN101644510A (en) | 2010-02-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910147462 Pending CN101644510A (en) | 2008-06-09 | 2009-06-09 | Absorber and absorber-evaporator assembly and lithium bromide - water absorption machines |
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| CN (1) | CN101644510A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106152595A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2016-11-23 | 北京燕凯设备制造有限公司 | Efficiently suction-type lithium bromide multifunctional cold and hot water unit |
| CN112283980A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-29 | 普泛能源技术研究院(北京)有限公司 | Multifunctional heat exchanger and composite absorption type system thereof |
-
2009
- 2009-06-09 CN CN 200910147462 patent/CN101644510A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106152595A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2016-11-23 | 北京燕凯设备制造有限公司 | Efficiently suction-type lithium bromide multifunctional cold and hot water unit |
| CN112283980A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-29 | 普泛能源技术研究院(北京)有限公司 | Multifunctional heat exchanger and composite absorption type system thereof |
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