A kind of biomass furnace combustor and combustion method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device that increases the biomass stove efficiency of combustion, especially relate to a kind of biomass furnace combustor, belong to the combustion apparatus technical field.
Background technology
In recent years, development and utilization to biomass energy progressively obtains promotion and application, the family biomass gasifying furnace has appearred in phase early 1990s on market, the general downdraft gasification furnace that adopts, fuel is with sawdust, fragmentary branch, stalk, corncob etc., advantage is that a filler repeatedly uses, but structure more complicated, producer (feed bin and vaporizer), air blast, pipeline, valve and kitchen range etc. are arranged, price is higher, main problem is that the generation tar content is higher, and You Heshui ejects together.Because owing to the not enough flue gas that forms of combustion air, not only contaminated environment, and tar wherein is the carcinogenic substance that the World Health Organization generally acknowledges, has seriously influenced health during burnings such as agricultural crop straw.Therefore, be badly in need of a kind of environmental protection at present, energy-conservation, safe biomass fuel materials device solves this deficiency.
Chinese invention patent CN101245922A discloses a kind of biomass burner, it comprises housing and fire grate, enclosure interior is a Bunker, the Bunker middle and lower part is the combustion chamber, and combustion chamber one side is established burner, and housing top is provided with charge door, sidewall is provided with air inlet and secondary air mouth, be provided with carriage in the housing on secondary air mouth top, the two ends of this carriage are connected in the housing inboard, the two sides of carriage and inner walls from.But the fuel combustion of this invention biomass burner and air-breathing effect are still undesirable, can't reach environmental protection, safe requirement.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is at the industrial coal of existing in prior technology or biomass semi-gasification hot-blast stove or the inadequate technical problem of water heater second gasification combustion, and a kind of biomass furnace combustor that is installed in industrial biomass half steam stove top, can removes smoke, improve the fuel thermal energy conversion ratio is provided.
Another object of the present invention is that a kind of combustion method of this biomass furnace combustor is provided.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
A kind of biomass furnace combustor, comprise biomass stove and air-breathing device, biomass stove is provided with gallery ports and exhanst gas outlet, the two ends of air-breathing device are connected with the inboard of biomass stove, the two sides of air-breathing device and biomass stove inwall from, it is characterized in that: described air-breathing device mainly is made up of support and blowdown pipe, the two ends of blowdown pipe are connected with support, blowdown pipe has at least between 2 and the blowdown pipe and leaves the gap, the blowdown pipe tube wall is provided with some gas supplementing openings, at least be provided with an air inlet on the support, be provided with the air flue that is connected with the blowdown pipe mouth of pipe in the support.The shape of blowdown pipe can have various ways, uses the blower fan tonifying Qi.Air inlet is connected with blower fan.
The biomass gas (CO, the H that produce in the biomass stove
2, CH
4Deng), mix with the auxiliary air that gas supplementing opening from described air-breathing device blowdown pipe bottom overflows, enter mist burning behind the burner of high temperature, the gap between the blowdown pipe forms combustion chamber, and the exit is the high-temperature region of flame above combustion chamber, small amount of supplemental air again, promote the high-temperature region of flame, help imperfect combustion combustible such as tar and further burn, thereby reaching biomass gas fully burns, increase calorific value, reduce the purpose of flue gas.The biogas scale of construction that body of heater produces may be stablized inadequately, and metal burning device of the present invention can be avoided the generation of cutoff situation.
As preferably, described blowdown pipe is rectangular tubular, and described gas supplementing opening is equally distributed circular hole or square hole, and equally distributed gas supplementing opening helps fully mixing of biomass gas and auxiliary air.
As preferably, described blowdown pipe cross section is four jiaos of rectangles that have a lead angle or trapezoidal, and the lead angle in its lower left corner and the lower right corner is provided with the secondary air compensating mouth, and the lead angle in its upper left corner and the upper right corner is provided with gas supplementing opening three times.Another kind of preferred scheme is, described blowdown pipe cross section is four jiaos of rectangles that have a lead angle or trapezoidal, and its base is provided with the secondary air compensating mouth, and the lead angle in its upper left corner and the upper right corner is provided with gas supplementing opening three times.The third preferred scheme is, described blowdown pipe cross section is that top margin and dual-side have the rectangle of lead angle or trapezoidal, and its base is provided with the secondary air compensating mouth, and the lead angle in its upper left corner and the upper right corner is provided with gas supplementing opening three times.The 4th kind of preferred scheme be, described blowdown pipe cross section is circular or oval, and its underpart is provided with the secondary air compensating mouth, and its top is provided with gas supplementing opening three times.
For the bigger gasification substance stove in half a lifetime of calorific value, the secondary air compensating mouth is provided with the both sides in the blowdown pipe bottom; For the smaller gasification substance stove in half a lifetime of calorific value, the secondary air compensating mouth is located at the centre of blowdown pipe bottom.Three gas supplementing openings, to compare quantity few and little with the secondary air compensating mouth.The gas supplementing opening on blowdown pipe both sides can equal angular, also can adopt different angles, and bore also can be different.The base of described secondary air compensating mouth and blowdown pipe is 30-60 ° of angle, and the top margin of described three gas supplementing openings and blowdown pipe is 30-60 ° of angle, and it is more abundant that this structure helps making biomass gas to mix with auxiliary air, thereby improves gasification, and combustion efficient.
As preferably, described blowdown pipe is to be made by high-temperature alloy steel or high-temperature resistant composite material.The blowdown pipe material is high-temperature alloy steel or high-temperature resistant composite material, has fire-resistant, high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant advantage.
As preferably, described air-breathing device is " worker " shape, and its two ends are support, and blowdown pipe and support be vertical to be connected and to be evenly distributed on support.Support is connected with the inboard of biomass stove, or on the inwall of embedding and biomass stove.This structure makes air-breathing device of the present invention more stable in biomass stove, is difficult for rocking.
As preferably, described support is a hollow cylinder, and support one end is the sealing of the air inlet other end.Air inlet can be provided with a plurality of, and air inlet is connected with blower fan.
As preferably, described air-breathing device is arranged between gallery ports and the exhanst gas outlet, and this position can make combustion-supporting effect reach best.
A kind of combustion method that utilizes described biomass furnace combustor, it is characterized in that: the biomass gas that produces in the biomass stove, mix with the auxiliary air that gas supplementing opening from described air-breathing device blowdown pipe bottom overflows, enter mist burning behind the burner of high temperature, gap between the blowdown pipe forms combustion chamber, the exit is the high-temperature region of flame above combustion chamber, the oblique gas supplementing opening of both sides, blowdown pipe top replenishes little air to mist once more, burn once more, to promote the height of core flame, assist high burning-point substance combustion.
As preferably, described biomass gas is through 2-4 the process with auxiliary air mixed combustion, at last from the exhanst gas outlet discharge of biomass stove; The amount of described additional auxiliary air reduces successively.The amount of replenishing auxiliary air can be by the size control of gas supplementing opening opening.
It is combustion-supporting that the present invention is suitable for industrial coal or biomass semi-gasification hot-blast stove or the oxygenating of water heater second gasification combustion, generally is installed in industrial biomass half steam stove top, coal or biomass solid fuel directly burnt produce great number of flammable gas (CO, H
2, CH
4Deng) and granular black carbon reach fully thoroughly burning during through this air-breathing device, can eliminate black smoke, improve the thermal energy conversion rate of fuel, have the fuel savings cost, characteristics such as protection environment.The present invention utilizes the thermal conductivity of burner and thermal capacity to make burner be in the condition of high temperature all the time, has therefore increased the efficiency of combustion of biomass gas.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of air-breathing device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 2 along the A-A line.
Fig. 4 is the perspective view of the device of air-breathing shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural representation of blowdown pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural representation of blowdown pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural representation of blowdown pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a kind of structural representation of air-breathing device of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 8 along the B-B line.
Figure 10 is the perspective view of the device of air-breathing shown in Fig. 8.
Figure 11 is a kind of structural representation of blowdown pipe of the present invention.
Label declaration: 1 biomass stove, 2 gallery ports, 3 exhanst gas outlets, 4 air-breathing devices, 5 supports, 6 air inlets, 7 blowdown pipes, 71 secondary air compensating mouths, 72 3 gas supplementing openings.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
As Fig. 1-shown in Figure 4, a kind of biomass furnace combustor comprises biomass stove 1 and air-breathing device 4, and biomass stove 1 is provided with gallery ports 2 and exhanst gas outlet 3, the two ends of air-breathing device 4 are connected with the inboard of biomass stove 1, the two sides of air-breathing device 4 and biomass stove 1 inwall from.Air-breathing device 4 is arranged between gallery ports 2 and the exhanst gas outlet 3.Air-breathing device 4 is made up of support 5 and blowdown pipe 7, and air-breathing device 4 is " worker " shape, and its two ends are support 5, and blowdown pipe 7 and support 5 be vertical to be connected and on support 5 and be evenly distributed.Blowdown pipe 7 is rectangular tubular, has 5, leaves the gap between two blowdown pipes 7, and blowdown pipe 7 is provided with some gas supplementing openings, and gas supplementing opening is equally distributed circular hole or square hole.Support 5 is a hollow cylinder, and inside is provided with the air flue that is connected with blowdown pipe 7 mouths of pipe, and support 5 one ends are provided with air inlet 6 other ends sealing that is connected with blower fan.Blowdown pipe is made by high-temperature alloy steel or high-temperature resistant composite material, and can be provided with many to increase combustion-supporting effect according to the stove size.Air inlet 6 can be provided with a plurality of, but has one at least.
As shown in Figure 5, in the present embodiment, blowdown pipe 7 cross sections are four jiaos of rectangles that have lead angle, are equipped with secondary air compensating mouth 71 on the lead angle in its lower left corner and the lower right corner, and the lead angle in its upper left corner and the upper right corner is provided with gas supplementing opening 72 three times.Blowdown pipe 7 cross sections also can have the trapezoidal of lead angle for four jiaos.In order to reach better combustion-supporting effect, three gas supplementing openings 72 compare undersized with secondary air compensating mouth 71 and quantity is relative less.
The biomass gas (CO, the H that produce in the biomass stove
2, CH
4Deng), mix with the auxiliary air that overflows from air-breathing device blowdown pipe bottom secondary air compensating mouth 71, enter mist burning behind the burner of high temperature, gap between the blowdown pipe 7 forms combustion chamber, the exit is the high-temperature region of flame above combustion chamber, and mist mixes with a spot of air and burning once more by three gas supplementing openings 72 again.Promote the high-temperature region of flame, help imperfect combustion combustible such as tar and further burn, thereby reach the purpose that biomass gas fully burns, increases calorific value, minimizing flue gas.
For improving efficiency of combustion, biomass gas can be discharged from the exhanst gas outlet of biomass stove at last through 2-4 the process with auxiliary air mixed combustion.This process realizes that by the number that increases air-breathing device 4 the air-breathing device of increase is aligned to the top of original air-breathing device.The amount of replenishing auxiliary air reduces from bottom to top successively.The amount of replenishing auxiliary air can be by the size control of gas supplementing opening opening.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, blowdown pipe 7 cross sections are four jiaos of rectangles that have lead angle, and its middle part, base is provided with secondary air compensating mouth 71, is respectively equipped with gas supplementing opening 72 on the lead angle in its upper left corner and the upper right corner three times, and as shown in Figure 6, other is with embodiment 1.Blowdown pipe 7 cross sections of present embodiment also can be trapezoidal.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, blowdown pipe 7 cross sections are the rectangle that top margin and dual-side all have lead angle, and its base is provided with two secondary air compensating mouths 71, are respectively equipped with gas supplementing opening 72 on the lead angle in its upper left corner and the upper right corner three times, and as shown in Figure 7, other is with embodiment 1.Blowdown pipe 7 cross sections of present embodiment also can be trapezoidal.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, the cross section of blowdown pipe 7 is circular, and its underpart is provided with secondary air compensating mouth 71, and its top is provided with two three gas supplementing openings 72, and as Fig. 8-shown in Figure 11, other is with embodiment 1.Blowdown pipe 7 cross sections of present embodiment also can be oval.
Should be understood that the above embodiment that provides only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Gas supplementing opening of the present invention (comprising secondary and three gas supplementing openings) can be equally distributed circular hole or square hole or other shaped aperture, and the secondary air compensating mouth on the blowdown pipe cross section and three gas supplementing openings can be provided with a plurality of according to actual conditions.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.