CN101638746A - Low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material proportioning and smelting technology - Google Patents
Low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material proportioning and smelting technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN101638746A CN101638746A CN200910184579A CN200910184579A CN101638746A CN 101638746 A CN101638746 A CN 101638746A CN 200910184579 A CN200910184579 A CN 200910184579A CN 200910184579 A CN200910184579 A CN 200910184579A CN 101638746 A CN101638746 A CN 101638746A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material proportioning and smelting technology. A low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material is prepared by the materials in percentage by weight: 0.1-0.3 Mg, 1.5-3.5 Cu, 9.5-10 Si, 0.3-0.8 Fe, 0.2-0.4 Mn, 0.1-0.3 Ni, 0.1-0.3 Zn, 0.05-0.1 Sc and the balance of Al. The technology comprises the following steps: before smelting, mixing Cu, Mg, Fe, Si, Mn and Al into a component A, mixing the Ni and the Zn into a component B, and designating the Sc as a component C; firstly, adding the component A to a reaction furnace at a furnace temperature of 850+/-10 DEG C for smelting; sequentially adding the component B and stirring for 20+/-2 minutes; then, adding the component C and continuously stirring for 10+/-2 minutes; then, transferring a scandium-aluminum alloy solution to a crucible resistance furnace 820+/-5 DEG C and keeping the temperature for 15-30 minutes; and finally, casting and forming at 760+/-10 DEG C. The Sc doped at a rear smelting period has strong dispersivity to aluminum, stimulates the thinning of crystal grains, remarkably improves the mechanical performance of an aluminum alloy pistonand satisfies the mating requirements of a high-speed internal-combustion engine piston.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of proportioning and melting technology that is used to make aluminum alloy piston material, particularly a kind of aluminum alloy piston material proportioning and melting technology that contains the scandium element.
Background technology
Pistons reciprocating and cylinder sleeve are a pair of friction pairs in the oil engine.Piston should have enough tensile strength to satisfy the requirement of transferring power under hot environment, has very strong wear resistance and thermostability again, and wearing and tearing must worsen the internal combustion engine state in case piston overflows, and reduces the tail gas discharging etc. that exceeds standard as output rating.Along with manufacturing development, oil engine to the high speed development, is used to make the conventional aluminum silicon alloy of piston and the service requirements that aluminium-zinc alloy can not satisfy the high speed oil engine.
Summary of the invention
The aluminum alloy piston material wear resistance that the present invention is primarily aimed at prior art is strong inadequately, deficiencies such as poor heat resistance, propose a kind of by adding rare-earth element modified tensile strength height, good heat resistance, wear resistance is strong and castability the is excellent low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material of obtaining, this material mixture ratio is reasonable, and melting technology is simple.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions technical object.
The low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material proportioning, it contains metal ingredients such as AL, Mg, Cu, Si, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn.Its improvements are: also contain rare earth Sc in the proportioning.The weight percent of each metal ingredient is 0.1～0.3% Mg, 1.5～3.5% Cu, 9.5～10% Si, 0.3～0.8% Fe, 0.2～0.4% Mn, 0.1～0.3% Ni, 0.1～0.3% Zn and 0.05～0.1% Sc, and surplus is AL.
The low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material melting technology takes by weighing each metal ingredient by weight percentage, stores classifiedly, and Cu, Mg, Fe, Si, Mn and AL are mixed into the A component, again Ni and Zn is mixed into the B component, and Sc is decided to be the C component.Its improvements are: the A component is added in the reverberatory furnace melt earlier, furnace temperature is 850 ± 10 ℃, order adds the B component, stirred 20 ± 2 minutes, add the C component again, continue to stir 10 ± 2 minutes, the scandium-aluminium alloy liquation is transferred to does 820 ± 5 ℃ insulation in the crucible electrical resistance furnace then, soaking time is 15～30 minutes, is cast into the blank of low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston then under 760 ± 10 ℃ of conditions.
Rare earth Sc described in the present invention is a white powder, and its purity is 〉=99.99%, content of rare earth 〉=99%.
The present invention compared with prior art, the key distinction is to be provided with in the proportioning aluminium is had very strong dispersivity Sc, and Sc that the melting later stage mixes and molten aluminium alloy reaction generate the compound phase, make grain refining, significantly improve tensile strength, hardness, plasticity, corrosion stability and the thermostability of aluminium-alloy piston.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a process route chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
The low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material proportioning takes by weighing by weight percentage, 0.1～0.3% Mg, 1.5～3.5% Cu, 9.5～10% Si, 0.3～0.8% Fe, 0.2～0.4% Mn, 0.1～0.3% Ni, 0.1～0.3% Zn and 0.05～0.1% Sc are wherein arranged, and all the other are AL.Described Sc is a white powder, and its purity is 〉=99.99%, content of rare earth 〉=99%.The low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material melting technology is as follows:
One, gets the raw materials ready and mix
1, takes by weighing each metal ingredient by weight percentage, store classifiedly;
2, Cu, Mg, Fe, Si, Mn, AL are mixed, as the A component;
3, again Ni and Zn are mixed, as the B component;
4, with Sc as the C component.
Two, melting
1, will melt in the A component adding reverberatory furnace earlier, furnace temperature is 850 ± 10 ℃;
2, order adds the B component, stirs 20 ± 2 minutes;
3, add the C component again, continue to stir 10 ± 2 minutes;
4, the scandium-aluminium alloy liquation is transferred to does 820 ± 5 ℃ insulation in the crucible electrical resistance furnace then, soaking time is 15～30 minutes.
Three, casting forming
Casting forming under 760 ± 10 ℃ of conditions at last.
Embodiment 1:
Join the 1000kg furnace charge by the low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material proportioning, proportioning is weight percentage, and gets 1kgMg, 15kgCu, 95kgSi, 3kgFe, 2kgMn, 1kgNi, 1kgZn and 0.5kgSc respectively, gets 881.5kgAL.Then Cu, Mg, Fe, Si, Mn, AL are mixed, deposit separately as the A component.Again Ni and Zn are mixed, deposit separately as the B component.Sc is deposited separately as the C component.Earlier the A component is added in the reverberatory furnace during melting and melt, furnace temperature is 845 ± 5 ℃, then the B component is put in the A component solution, stirs 18 minutes, the C component is put in the A+B component solution again, continues to stir 8 minutes.Scandium-aluminium alloy solution is transferred at last again and does 820 ± 5 ℃ insulation in the crucible electrical resistance furnace, soaking time is 15 minutes.
Embodiment 2:
Join the 1000kg furnace charge by the low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material proportioning, proportioning is weight percentage, and gets 2kgMg, 25kgCu, 97.5kgSi, 5.5kgFe, 3kgMn, 2kgNi, 2kgZn and 0.75kgSc respectively, gets 862.25kgAL.Grouping mixes identical and deposit separately with embodiment 1.Earlier the A component is added in the reverberatory furnace during melting and melt, furnace temperature is 850 ± 5 ℃, then the B component is put in the A component solution, stirs 20 minutes, the C component is put in the A+B component solution again, continues to stir 10 minutes.Scandium-aluminium alloy solution is transferred at last again and does 820 ± 5 ℃ insulation in the crucible electrical resistance furnace, soaking time is 22 minutes.
Embodiment 3:
Join the 1000kg furnace charge by the low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material proportioning, proportioning is weight percentage, and gets 3kgMg, 35kgCu, 100kgSi, 8kgFe, 4kgMn, 3kgNi, 3kgZn and 1kgSc respectively, gets 843kgAL.Grouping mixes identical and deposit separately with embodiment 1.Earlier the A component is added in the reverberatory furnace during melting and melt, furnace temperature is 855 ± 5 ℃, then the B component is put in the A component solution, stirs 22 minutes, the C component is put in the A+B component solution again, continues to stir 12 minutes.Scandium-aluminium alloy solution is transferred at last again and does 820 ± 5 ℃ insulation in the crucible electrical resistance furnace, soaking time is 30 minutes.
By above-mentioned three embodiment checking, the content along with Sc in ratio range increases, and its performance also increases synchronously.Because of costing an arm and a leg of Sc, the consumption of Sc is unsuitable high, otherwise influences economic performance.
The present invention mixes Sc in the later stage of melting, because Sc has very strong dispersivity to aluminium, it and other alloy reaction generate the compound phase time, and it is more even on the one hand multicomponent alloy to be organized, grain refining.Sc combines other alloy on the other hand, with matrix phase boundary showed increased mutually, lattice distortion takes place near phase boundary, play the grain-boundary strengthening effect, changed the temperature range that alloy part forms mutually, reduced the remaining eutectic liquid scale of construction, suppressed thick eutectiferous formation to a certain extent, improve tensile strength, hardness and the unit elongation of material, reduced linear expansivity, strengthened the thermostability of material.
The piston material that adopts the present invention to make detects through mechanical performance, lives than existing alusil alloy The plug Tensile strength is high by 31～43%, and anti-wear performance is high by 44～55%, and linear expansion coefficient is lower than 15～19%, and casting character is fine, is easy to be shaped.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material proportioning, it contains metal ingredients such as AL, Mg, Cu, Si, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn; It is characterized in that: also contain rare earth Sc in the proportioning; The weight percent of each metal ingredient is 0.1～0.3% Mg, 1.5～3.5% Cu, 9.5～10% Si, 0.3～0.8% Fe, 0.2～0.4% Mn, 0.1～0.3% Ni, 0.1～0.3% Zn and 0.05～0.1% Sc, and surplus is AL.
2, low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material proportioning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rare earth Sc is a white powder, and its purity is 〉=99.99%, content of rare earth 〉=99%.
3, a kind of low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston material melting technology takes by weighing each metal ingredient by weight percentage, stores classifiedly, and Cu, Mg, Fe, Si, Mn and AL are mixed into the A component, again Ni and Zn is mixed into the B component, and Sc is decided to be the C component; It is characterized in that: the A component is added in the reverberatory furnace melt earlier, furnace temperature is 850 ± 10 ℃, order adds the B component, stirred 20 ± 2 minutes, add the C component again, continue to stir 10 ± 2 minutes, the scandium-aluminium alloy liquation is transferred to does 820 ± 5 ℃ insulation in the crucible electrical resistance furnace then, soaking time is 15～30 minutes, is cast into the blank of low-plasticity scandium-aluminum alloy piston then under 760 ± 10 ℃ of conditions.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101942585A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-01-12 | 湖南江滨机器（集团）有限责任公司 | Aluminum alloy and diesel engine piston |
| CN107974585A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 河南智联寰宇知识产权运营有限公司 | Abrasion resistant type alusil alloy |
| CN115449673A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-12-09 | 南京理工大学 | Aluminum alloy suitable for additive manufacturing |
-
2009
- 2009-08-28 CN CN200910184579A patent/CN101638746A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101942585A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-01-12 | 湖南江滨机器（集团）有限责任公司 | Aluminum alloy and diesel engine piston |
| CN107974585A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 河南智联寰宇知识产权运营有限公司 | Abrasion resistant type alusil alloy |
| CN115449673A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-12-09 | 南京理工大学 | Aluminum alloy suitable for additive manufacturing |
| CN115449673B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2023-11-03 | 南京理工大学 | Aluminum alloy suitable for additive manufacturing |
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