CN101638350A - Smoke generating agent for fire drill - Google Patents
Smoke generating agent for fire drill Download PDFInfo
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- CN101638350A CN101638350A CN200910090250A CN200910090250A CN101638350A CN 101638350 A CN101638350 A CN 101638350A CN 200910090250 A CN200910090250 A CN 200910090250A CN 200910090250 A CN200910090250 A CN 200910090250A CN 101638350 A CN101638350 A CN 101638350A
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- agent
- smoke generating
- generating agent
- fire
- fire fighting
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Abstract
The invention provides a smoke generating agent for fire drill, which consists of oxidant, reducing agent, gas-forming agent, flame-reducing and cooling agent, flame retardant and binding agent. The using result of the smoke generating agent shows that the smoke generating agent has the advantages that 1. no fire exists, the temperature of the smoke generated by combustion is low, and the smoke generating agent can be directly sprayed out without passing through cooling material; 2. the smoke generating agent is neutral, so as not to cause corrosive damage for the field instruments and equipment and not to lead electric equipment to be in short circuit; 3. the smoke generating agent is non-toxic and harmless without stimulation; and 4. the smoke is strong in shielding capacity and can simulate the fire effect vividly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used for the smoke generating agent at fire fighting drill simulated fire scene.Specifically be combined into the burning type smoke generating agent of preparation with oxygenant, reductive agent, flame arrest cooling agent, fire retardant, tackiness agent etc.
Background technology
Along with the continuous progress of society, various electrical equipments are used more and more widely, and the chance of presence of fire is more and more frequent, bring huge property damage and loss of life and personal injury also to be on the rise for the society and the people.Country also more and more payes attention to Popular Science Education to fire fighting drill in order to strengthen to personnel (especially minor) recently.Along with the smog releasing device becomes fire-fighting Popular Science Education indispensable teaching tools commonly used, has vast market prospect, but be not specifically designed to the aerosol delivery articles of fire fighting drill in the market basically, even some aerosol delivery articles also is to have many shortcomings, as adopt heavy metal in smoke substance; Because metal oxide easily forms smog in air or in order to make smog present colorful colors such as red, Huang, some product uses and contains metallic elements such as chromium, barium, its reaction product not only pollutes environment, and human body is caused certain injury.Also have and adopt phosphorus type smoke producing agent, become cigarette phosphoric acid, the personnel at simulated fire scene are caused have pungency damage etc. because phosphorus oxidation meeting in air generates Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES and absorbs airborne moisture; Reaction product presents acidity, and there is corrosion etc. in equipment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of smoke generating agent of pollution-free, avirulent fire fighting drill.For achieving the above object, the present invention is by oxygenant, reductive agent, foaming agent, the flame arrest cooling agent, fire retardant, tackiness agent is formed, its prescription is made up of the component of following weight proportioning: oxygenant 15～50, reductive agent 3～20 fire retardants 5～30, flame arrest cooling agent 5～20, foaming agent 5～25, tackiness agent 2～10, screening formulation of the present invention is: oxygenant 20～40, reductive agent 3～10, fire retardant 15～25, flame arrest cooling agent 15～20, foaming agent 15～25, tackiness agent 3～8, oxygenant can be a saltpetre, potassium nitrite, Potcrate, potassium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate, ammoniumper chlorate, ammonium chlorate, strontium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE, Sodium Nitrite, sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, magnesium nitrate, magnesium chlorate, one or more combinations in the magnesium perchlorate, reductive agent can be a white sugar, caster sugar, Mierocrystalline cellulose, starch, lactose, beet sugar, carbon dust, magnesium, aluminium, zinc, magnalium, one or more combinations in the mg-si master alloy, foaming agent can be guanidine class and amine and salt such as Dyhard RU 100, trimeric cyanamide, hexamethylenetetramine, Guanidinium nitrate, one or more combinations in the nitroguanidine, the flame arrest cooling agent can be ammonium salt such as ammonium sulfate, one or more combinations in the ammonium chloride, fire retardant can be inorganic mineral class such as talcum powder, gypsum, light calcium carbonate, potter's clay, kaolin, one or more combinations in the clay, tackiness agent can be resenes, oils and lipid, hydrocarbon polymer, the glue class, cellulose family such as shellac, rosin, wood powder, essence, paraffin, stearic acid, resol, Resins, epoxy, polyvinyl chloride, the drier oil class, dextrin, one or more combinations in the gum arabic.The present invention does not adopt heavy metallic salt as oxygenant, and selects for use nontoxic substantially, the non-irritating sylvite of human body, sodium salt, ammonium salt, strontium salt, magnesium salts such as saltpetre, potassium nitrite, Potcrate, potassium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate, ammoniumper chlorate, ammonium chlorate, strontium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE, Sodium Nitrite, sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, magnesium nitrate, magnesium chlorate, magnesium perchlorate as oxygenant; Reductive agent (fuel) employing white sugar or starch, these raw materials of Mierocrystalline cellulose can be used as food, nontoxic to human body, adopt talcum powder gypsum, light calcium carbonate, potter's clay, kaolin, clay as fire retardant, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate are not only as cooling agent but also can be used as flame-cooling agent, make and do not produce naked light in this burning type smoke generating agent combustion processes, temperature of combustion is low, and the amount of being fuming is big, flameholding.Foaming agent is Dyhard RU 100, trimeric cyanamide, hexamethylenetetramine etc., and the gas that foaming agent produces increases the flowability of the solid granule in the smog, can be full of wriggleroom more rapidly; Smoke generating agent of the present invention, the burning after product does not produce corrosion to metallic aluminium, copper, electrical equipment is not caused phenomenons such as short circuit, and its amount of being fuming is big, screening capacity is big, and simulated fire spot effect is true to nature.
Smoke generating agent of the present invention uses the result to show that following advantage is arranged:
1, the flames of anger, the smog temperature that burning produces is low, can be without cooling material, direct injection is come out;
2, smoke substance is neutral, to using on-the-spot plant and instrument to produce the corrodibility infringement, electrical equipment is not caused short circuit;
3, smoke substance is nontoxic, harmless, non-stimulated;
4, the smog screening capacity is big, and the simulated fire effect is true to nature.
Concrete embodiment
Choose various chemical substances (weight unit: gram) by prescription, under 45 ℃～50 ℃ temperature, dry about 16 hours, grind to can be by behind 40 orders, thereby preparation confuses and makes smoke generating agent, by the combustion fumes propellant, then form the smog that has screening capacity in a large number, thus the vivid effect at simulated fire scene.In the 25 sides meter space amount of being fuming, jet performance, 1 cubic metre of space, carry out insulativity, to the corrosive nature of metallic copper, aluminium, the animal small white mouse is carried out toxicity test.
Embodiment 1
Saltpetre 35 white sugars 10 kaolin 15
Ammonium chloride 20 Dyhard RU 100s 10 additives 10.
The amount of being fuming of the smoke generating agent that becomes by this formulated reaches visibility meter≤2 meter, and the spout temperature is 80 ℃, 45 ℃ of wall temperatures, flameholding.Insulation resistance 〉=more than the 20M Ω, metallic copper, aluminium are not had the obvious corrosion phenomenon, the animal small white mouse does not have tangible malaise symptoms, the no phenomena of mortality.
Embodiment 2
Potcrate 25 SODIUMNITRATE 10 white sugars 10 carbon dusts 5 talcum powder 15
Gypsum 10 ammonium chlorides 20 trimeric cyanamides 10 rosin 10.
The amount of being fuming of the smoke generating agent that becomes by this formulated reaches visibility meter≤2 meter, and the spout temperature is 85 ℃, 42 ℃ of wall temperatures, flameholding.Insulation resistance 〉=more than the 20M Ω, metallic copper, aluminium are not had the obvious corrosion phenomenon, the animal small white mouse does not have tangible malaise symptoms, the no phenomena of mortality.
Embodiment 3
Potcrate 35 white sugars 10 talcum powder 15 ammonium sulfate 10
Ammonium chloride 10 trimeric cyanamides 5 Guanidinium nitrates 5 shellac 5 paraffin 5.
The amount of being fuming of the smoke generating agent that becomes by this formulated reaches visibility meter≤2 meter, and the spout temperature is 80 ℃, 40 ℃ of wall temperatures, flameholding.Insulation resistance 〉=more than the 200M Ω, metallic copper, aluminium are not had the obvious corrosion phenomenon, the animal small white mouse does not have tangible malaise symptoms, the no phenomena of mortality.
Embodiment 4
Potassium perchlorate 40 starch 12 potter's clay 10
Ammonium chloride 18 trimeric cyanamides 12 wood powders 8.
The amount of being fuming of the smoke generating agent that becomes by this formulated reaches visibility meter≤2 meter, and the spout temperature is 90 ℃, 42 ℃ of wall temperatures, flameholding.Insulation resistance 〉=more than the 200M Ω, metallic copper, aluminium are not had the obvious corrosion phenomenon, the animal small white mouse does not have tangible malaise symptoms, the no phenomena of mortality.
Embodiment 5
Potassium perchlorate 40 starch 12 potter's clay 15
Ammonium chloride 13 trimeric cyanamides 15 wood powders 5.
The amount of being fuming of the smoke generating agent that becomes by this formulated reaches visibility meter≤2 meter, and the spout temperature is 90 ℃, 42 ℃ of wall temperatures, flameholding.Insulation resistance 〉=more than the 200M Ω, metallic copper, aluminium are not had the obvious corrosion phenomenon, the animal small white mouse does not have tangible malaise symptoms, the no phenomena of mortality.
Embodiment 6
SODIUMNITRATE 45 starch 12 potter's clay 15
Ammonium chloride 10 Dyhard RU 100s 12 resol 6.
The amount of being fuming of the smoke generating agent that becomes by this formulated reaches visibility meter≤2 meter, and the spout temperature is 95 ℃, 48 ℃ of wall temperatures, flameholding.Insulation resistance 〉=more than the 100M Ω, metallic copper, aluminium are not had the obvious corrosion phenomenon, the animal small white mouse does not have tangible malaise symptoms, the no phenomena of mortality.
Embodiment 7
Sodium chlorate 42 white sugars 12 gypsum 10
Ammonium chloride 18 trimeric cyanamides 13 rosin 5.
The amount of being fuming of the smoke generating agent that becomes by this formulated reaches visibility meter≤2 meter, and the spout temperature is 90 ℃, 42 ℃ of wall temperatures, flameholding.Insulation resistance 〉=more than the 200M Ω, metallic copper, aluminium are not had the obvious corrosion phenomenon, the animal small white mouse does not have tangible malaise symptoms, the no phenomena of mortality.
Embodiment 8
Sodium perchlorate 20 magnesium nitrates 20 white sugars 6 gypsum 3 potter's clay 5.
Kaolin 4 ammonium chlorides 18 hexamethylenetetramines 13 rosin 5.
The amount of being fuming of the smoke generating agent that becomes by this formulated reaches visibility meter≤2 meter, and the spout temperature is 95 ℃, 42 ℃ of wall temperatures, flameholding.Insulation resistance 〉=more than the 200M Ω, metallic copper, aluminium are not had the obvious corrosion phenomenon, the animal small white mouse does not have tangible malaise symptoms, the no phenomena of mortality.
Embodiment 9
Magnesium nitrate 10 strontium nitrates 10 Potcrate 20 beet sugars 12 gypsum 12
Ammonium chloride 18 hexamethylenetetramines 13 essence 5 Resins, epoxy 5.
Embodiment 10
Magnesium perchlorate 35 fiber-like 17 gypsum 12
Ammonium sulfate 18 melamines 13 gum arabics 5.
Embodiment 11
Magnesium chlorate 40 fiber-like 12 carbonate 12
Ammonium sulfate 18 melamines 13 gum arabics 5.
Embodiment 12
Ammonium nitrate 40 fiber-like 12 potter's clay 12
Ammonium sulfate 18 melamines 13 gum arabics 5.
Embodiment 13
Strontium nitrate 50 fiber-like 10 kaolin 10
Ammonium sulfate 17 melamines 13 gum arabics 5.
Embodiment 14
Potassium perchlorate 35 carbon dusts 10 white sugars 7 gypsum 10 kaolin 5
Ammonium sulfate 10 ammonium chlorides 8 melamines 10 gum arabics 5.
Embodiment 15
Potcrate 15 potassium nitrites 20 beet sugars 10 zinc 7 gypsum 12
Ammonium sulfate 18 melamines 13 gum arabics 5 polyvinyl chloride 3.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of smoke generating agent of fire fighting drill is made up of oxygenant, reductive agent, foaming agent, flame arrest cooling agent, fire retardant, tackiness agent, and its prescription is made up of the component of following weight proportioning:
Oxygenant 15～50 reductive agents 3～20 fire retardants 5～30
Flame arrest cooling agent 5～20 foaming agent 5～25 tackiness agents 2～10.
2, the smoke generating agent of fire fighting drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that: screening formulation of the present invention is:
Oxygenant 20～40 reductive agents 3～10 fire retardants 15～25
Flame arrest cooling agent 15～20 foaming agent 15～25 tackiness agents 3～8.
3, the smoke generating agent of fire fighting drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that: oxygenant can be one or more combinations in saltpetre, potassium nitrite, Potcrate, potassium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate, ammoniumper chlorate, ammonium chlorate, strontium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE, Sodium Nitrite, sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, magnesium nitrate, magnesium chlorate, the magnesium perchlorate.
4, the smoke generating agent of fire fighting drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that: reductive agent can be one or more combinations in white sugar, caster sugar, Mierocrystalline cellulose, starch, lactose, beet sugar, carbon dust, magnesium, aluminium, zinc, magnalium, the mg-si master alloy.
5, the smoke generating agent of fire fighting drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that: foaming agent can be one or more combinations in guanidine class and amine and salt thereof such as Dyhard RU 100, trimeric cyanamide, hexamethylenetetramine, Guanidinium nitrate, the nitroguanidine.
6, the smoke generating agent of fire fighting drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the flame arrest cooling agent can be one or more combinations in ammonium salt such as ammonium sulfate, the ammonium chloride.
7, the smoke generating agent of fire fighting drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that: fire retardant can be one or more combinations in inorganic mineral class such as talcum powder, gypsum, light calcium carbonate, potter's clay, kaolin, the clay.
8, the smoke generating agent of fire fighting drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that: tackiness agent can be one or more combinations in resene, oils and lipid, hydrocarbon polymer, glue class, cellulose family such as shellac, rosin, wood powder, essence, paraffin, stearic acid, resol, Resins, epoxy, polyvinyl chloride, drier oil class, dextrin, the gum arabic.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910090250A CN101638350A (en) | 2009-08-03 | 2009-08-03 | Smoke generating agent for fire drill |
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| CN200910090250A CN101638350A (en) | 2009-08-03 | 2009-08-03 | Smoke generating agent for fire drill |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102165949A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-08-31 | 安徽农业大学 | Dedicated additive for hot fog machine and preparation method thereof |
| CN102659491A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-09-12 | 南京理工大学 | Novel energetic base material prepared from porous material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102690156A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-09-26 | 中汽客汽车零部件（厦门）有限公司 | Solid nitrogen energy storage driving drug |
| CN102949799A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2013-03-06 | 陕西坚瑞消防股份有限公司 | Novel fire-extinguishing composition |
| CN103497081A (en) * | 2013-09-21 | 2014-01-08 | 安徽省无为县花炮总厂 | Formula of radial firework |
| CN103875665A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-06-25 | 郑留军 | Wood flour fog-free composite preparation for pest control of vegetables and flowers in greenhouse and application thereof |
| CN104255717A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-01-07 | 河南科技大学 | Orchard anti-frost smoke agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN104478637A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-01 | 杨培江 | Safe and environment-friendly pyrotechnic composition reducing agent |
| CN106966847A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-07-21 | 深圳昊诚电子科技有限公司 | The formula and its manufacture craft of a kind of fumicants |
| CN107629250A (en) * | 2017-10-21 | 2018-01-26 | 马小良 | A kind of preparation method of stable type fire retardant |
| CN108191591A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-06-22 | 杨吉明 | A kind of white cigarette agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108218642A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-29 | 中北大学 | A kind of ultra-fine ammonium nitrate of heat-resisting anti-caking and preparation method thereof |
| CN109171005A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-11 | 勾中山 | A kind of cake and preparation method thereof |
| CN116943089A (en) * | 2023-06-13 | 2023-10-27 | 湖北及安盾消防科技有限公司 | Flameless hot aerosol fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN117046025A (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-11-14 | 湖北及安盾消防科技有限公司 | Slow-speed inhibition type aerosol fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
| RU2812442C1 (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2024-01-30 | Денис Юрьевич Мирошников | Aerosol-forming pyrotechnic composition for fire smothering |
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2009
- 2009-08-03 CN CN200910090250A patent/CN101638350A/en active Pending
Cited By (20)
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| CN102165949A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-08-31 | 安徽农业大学 | Dedicated additive for hot fog machine and preparation method thereof |
| CN102949799B (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2015-07-22 | 西安坚瑞安全应急设备有限责任公司 | Novel fire-extinguishing composition |
| CN102949799A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2013-03-06 | 陕西坚瑞消防股份有限公司 | Novel fire-extinguishing composition |
| CN102659491A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-09-12 | 南京理工大学 | Novel energetic base material prepared from porous material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102690156A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-09-26 | 中汽客汽车零部件（厦门）有限公司 | Solid nitrogen energy storage driving drug |
| CN102690156B (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2014-11-26 | 中汽客汽车零部件（厦门）有限公司 | Solid nitrogen energy storage driving drug |
| CN103497081A (en) * | 2013-09-21 | 2014-01-08 | 安徽省无为县花炮总厂 | Formula of radial firework |
| CN103875665A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-06-25 | 郑留军 | Wood flour fog-free composite preparation for pest control of vegetables and flowers in greenhouse and application thereof |
| CN104255717B (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2016-04-27 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of orchard frost prevention smoke agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN104255717A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-01-07 | 河南科技大学 | Orchard anti-frost smoke agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN104478637A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-01 | 杨培江 | Safe and environment-friendly pyrotechnic composition reducing agent |
| CN104478637B (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-07-13 | 杨培江 | A kind of safe environment protection type pyrotechnic composition reducing agent |
| CN106966847A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-07-21 | 深圳昊诚电子科技有限公司 | The formula and its manufacture craft of a kind of fumicants |
| CN107629250A (en) * | 2017-10-21 | 2018-01-26 | 马小良 | A kind of preparation method of stable type fire retardant |
| CN108218642A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-29 | 中北大学 | A kind of ultra-fine ammonium nitrate of heat-resisting anti-caking and preparation method thereof |
| CN108191591A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-06-22 | 杨吉明 | A kind of white cigarette agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN109171005A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-11 | 勾中山 | A kind of cake and preparation method thereof |
| RU2812442C1 (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2024-01-30 | Денис Юрьевич Мирошников | Aerosol-forming pyrotechnic composition for fire smothering |
| CN116943089A (en) * | 2023-06-13 | 2023-10-27 | 湖北及安盾消防科技有限公司 | Flameless hot aerosol fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN117046025A (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-11-14 | 湖北及安盾消防科技有限公司 | Slow-speed inhibition type aerosol fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
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Open date: 20100203 |