CN101634491B - Solar and oil-gas synchronous or alternating and afterheat-applying water heating system and method thereof - Google Patents
Solar and oil-gas synchronous or alternating and afterheat-applying water heating system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101634491B CN101634491B CN2009101094062A CN200910109406A CN101634491B CN 101634491 B CN101634491 B CN 101634491B CN 2009101094062 A CN2009101094062 A CN 2009101094062A CN 200910109406 A CN200910109406 A CN 200910109406A CN 101634491 B CN101634491 B CN 101634491B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Abstract
The invention relates to a solar and oil-gas synchronous or alternating and afterheat-applying water heating system and a method thereof. The system comprises a solar heat absorption device, a fuel oil or gas combustor, a combustion chamber, a water heat exchange device, a water storage vessel, a water heat-collecting circulation channel, a gas heat-collecting circulation channel and a switch for controlling the water heat-collecting circulation channel and the gas heat-collecting circulation channel to be connected into the solar heat absorption device. For most of the time, the water heat-collecting circulation channel is selected to work, thereby water can be directly heated, and the loss of heat energy is avoided; in frosty seasons, the gas heat-collecting circulation channel is switched by the switch to work, and air is taken as a working medium, thereby avoiding the influence that pipelines are damaged by frost and icing in a water working medium, ensuring normal work of the whole system, and avoiding the resting period. The invention has the advantages of fully utilizing solar energy, having high efficiency and not being influenced by the frosting period.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat-exchange device, especially a kind of heat energy that both can utilize solar energy can utilize burner as the solar energy of thermal source, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and waste heat hot-water heating system and the method used again.
Background technology
Existing heat-exchange device from the use occasion branch, generally is divided into the family expenses heat-exchange device, as shower, or is the bathroom heat-exchange device, as the employed steam boiler of factory or bathroom.Divide from employed heat energy, generally be divided into apparatus for heating water by solar energy or fuel oil, combustion gas or coal burning water heating device.Present apparatus for heating water by solar energy, the storage tank that generally comprises solar vacuum heat absorbing pipe and communicate with it is after the water heating of solar energy with vacuum heat absorbing pipe, be stored in the storage tank standby, this solar heat switch, because its moisture storage capacity is limited, the existing family that is used for mostly uses; And be the hot water apparatus of the energy with fuel oil, combustion gas or fire coal, general because its cost is expensive, volume is big all only in the bigger occasion of water consumption, use as factory, bathroom.
Can utilize solar energy in order to reach, be suitable for the heat-exchange device that the bigger occasion of water consumption is used again, people have invented the heat-exchange device that solar energy and fuel oil, gas Combined are used, this heat-exchange device generally comprises solar heat-collection plate, hot water exchanger and fuel oil, combustion heater, and the water back that joins with solar heat-collection plate and fuel oil, combustion heater is arranged respectively in described hot water exchanger separately independently.It still is the heating system of two platform independent in fact for this hot water exchanger, so its structure more complicated, cost is also higher relatively.
For this reason, the inventor has applied for Chinese utility model patent No. 200620016952.3 on July 11st, 2006, has proposed the hydrothermal exchange device of a kind of solar energy and fuel oil, gas heat energy alternate application.It has adopted hydrothermal exchange device and combustion chamber to be contained in the tank, the one water proof case that communicates with it is arranged on the combustion chamber, burner is contained in the water proof case, the structure of hydrothermal exchange device serial connection between solar energy heat absorbing device and combustion chamber, like this, solar energy heat absorbing device and fuel oil, the shared hydrothermal exchange device of air burner, and can be used alternatingly, it has simple in structure, advantage with low cost.Further, the inventor has also applied for Chinese invention patent No. 200710300868.3 on December 25th, 2007, said apparatus has been done further improvement, the thermal current of solar energy heat absorbing device has been carried out waste heat recovery, raised the efficiency by solar energy waste heat absorption plant.
Yet, also there are following shortcoming in the hydrothermal exchange device and the system of above-mentioned two kinds of structures: 1, solar energy can't directly add hot water, need to use thermal current to carry out heat exchange, heat exchange efficiency is low, and when directly making water, then cause the explosion of pipeline etc. in the frost phase easily, and can't use as heat-exchange working medium, the system that makes enters rest period, has influenced the use of system; 2, the hot water of tank by pipeline draw be used after, be directly to be discharged into blow-off line, spent hot water's heat energy also is discharged from thereupon, heat energy is wasted, not environmental protection, the waste resource; 3, the heat energy utilization rate with the plate type solar heat sink of air heat-collecting is low, can't utilize the heat energy of solar energy fully, and efficient is low.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, provide a kind of can utilize the solar energy heat absorbing device directly to water heat, and can avoid the frost influence, solar energy, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and waste heat hot-water heating system and the method used efficiently.
The technical problem that the present invention further solves provides solar energy, the oil-gas synchronous of the heat energy of the spent hot water after a kind of effective recovery is used or alternately reaches hot-water heating system and the method that waste heat is used.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts: a kind of solar energy, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and the hot-water heating system used of waste heat comprise solar energy heat absorbing device, fuel oil or air burner, combustion chamber, hydrothermal exchange device and tank; Described hydrothermal exchange device and described combustion chamber are contained in the described tank, and on described combustion chamber, be provided with the water proof case that communicates with it, described burner is contained in the described water proof case, and described hydrothermal exchange device serial connection is between described solar energy heat absorbing device and described combustion chamber
This system also comprises water thermal-arrest circulation canal, gas thermal-arrest circulation canal and controls the change-over switch that the gentle thermal-arrest circulation canal of described water thermal-arrest circulation canal inserts described solar energy heat absorbing device.
At solar energy of the present invention, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and in the hot-water heating system used of waste heat, the thermal-collecting tube assembly that described solar energy heat absorbing device comprises slot type heat build-up curved surface and is installed in the focal line of described slot type heat build-up curved surface; Described thermal-collecting tube assembly comprises import of thermal-arrest working medium and thermal-arrest sender property outlet;
Described change-over switch comprises import selector switch that is arranged on described thermal-arrest working medium import department and the outlet selector switch that is arranged on described thermal-arrest sender property outlet place;
Described water thermal-arrest circulation canal comprises respectively the water inlet and the delivery port that are provided with in described tank upper and lower, be connected the inlet channel between described import selector switch and the delivery port and be connected outlet conduit between described outlet selector switch and the water inlet;
Described gas thermal-arrest circulation canal comprise supply through the hot gas of described solar energy heat absorbing device heating to the gas outlet of described hydrothermal exchange device, insert the hot gas of discharging through described hydrothermal exchange device heat exchange from described gas outlet air inlet, be connected the admission line between described import selector switch and the air inlet and be connected outlet pipe between described outlet selector switch and the gas outlet;
Described import selector switch and outlet selector switch switch simultaneously and insert described water thermal-arrest circulation canal or gas thermal-arrest circulation canal to described thermal-collecting tube assembly.
At solar energy of the present invention, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and in the hot-water heating system used of waste heat, described inlet channel comprises Natural Circulation inlet channel and/or forced circulation inlet channel; Described Natural Circulation inlet channel is provided with the Natural Circulation inlet valve; Described forced circulation inlet channel is provided with forced circulation inlet valve and forced circulation intake pump;
Described water inlet comprises the Natural Circulation water inlet that is opened in described tank upper portion side wall and/or is opened in the forced circulation water inlet at described tank top;
Described outlet conduit comprises Natural Circulation outlet conduit that is connected with described Natural Circulation water inlet and/or the forced circulation outlet conduit that is connected with described forced circulation water inlet; Described Natural Circulation outlet conduit is provided with the Natural Circulation flowing water Valve, and described forced circulation outlet conduit is provided with the forced circulation flowing water Valve.
At solar energy of the present invention, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and in the hot-water heating system used of waste heat, described admission line is provided with air intake pump and air intake valve;
Described outlet pipe is provided with the valve of giving vent to anger, Thermal packer and solar energy waste heat blast pipe.
At solar energy of the present invention, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and in the hot-water heating system used of waste heat, described system also comprises the inlet segment that is arranged on described tank, absorb the waste heat recovery plant of used heat after the water.
At solar energy of the present invention, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and in the hot-water heating system used of waste heat, described waste heat recovery plant comprises thermal conductive shell, is arranged on labyrinth flow-path in the described thermal conductive shell and running water water inlet and the running water outlet mouth that joins with described labyrinth flow-path.
At solar energy of the present invention, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and in the hot-water heating system used of waste heat, described solar energy heat absorbing device is the plate solar collector that metal material is made.
The present invention also provides a kind of solar energy, oil-gas synchronous or alternately reaches the method that waste heat is used, and comprises solar energy, oil-gas synchronous applying step and solar energy, oil gas alternate application step;
In described solar energy, oil-gas synchronous applying step: start fuel oil or air burner; Close the thermal-arrest circulation canal of holding one's breath, the thermal-arrest circulation canal of fetching boiling water by change-over switch; And open smoke discharging tube valve, opened smoke-discharging air-introduced machine, the starting burner operation, and discharge behind the waste gas filtering with described fuel oil or air burner burning;
In described solar energy, oil gas alternate application step: when starting the work of fuel oil or air burner, close hold one's breath thermal-arrest circulation canal and water thermal-arrest circulation canal simultaneously, open the solar energy waste heat blast pipe of solar energy heat absorbing device this moment;
When described solar energy heat absorbing device is worked, close the communication passage of described fuel oil or air burner and described hydrothermal exchange device; Select gas thermal-arrest circulation canal or the work of water thermal-arrest circulation canal by change-over switch; And close smoke discharging tube valve, solar energy waste heat blast pipe, smoke evacuation air-introduced machine and burner.
At solar energy of the present invention, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and in the method used of waste heat, when closing described gas thermal-arrest circulation canal and water thermal-arrest circulation canal, open the standby valve of the standby blast pipe of described solar energy heat absorbing device, open standby blast pipe.
At solar energy of the present invention, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and in the method used of waste heat, this method also comprises the Waste Heat Recovery step: the drainage position place that waste heat recovery plant is arranged on the watering equipment of tank, absorb spent hot water's heat energy by thermal conductive shell, and, carry out Waste Heat Recovery with the running water of thermal energy transfer in the thermal conductive shell.
The invention provides the gentle thermal-arrest circulation canal of water thermal-arrest circulation canal, can select one work by change-over switch; In the most of times in 1 year, select the work of water thermal-arrest circulation canal, thereby can directly heat water, avoided the loss of heat energy; And at frost during season, change-over switch switches to the work of gas thermal-arrest circulation canal, with the air is working medium, thereby avoided water conservancy project matter to damage the influence of pipeline because of frost freezes, make whole system keep operate as normal, avoid forming the influence of rest period to the solar energy heat absorbing running, the present invention has the energy, the efficient height that make full use of solar energy, be not subjected to the advantage that the frost phase influences.
Further, the present invention can also reclaim the heat energy of the spent hot water after the use by waste heat recovery plant, has utilized heat energy fully, has avoided the loss of used heat, has improved efficient.
Further, standby discharge duct can also be set, guarantee the safety of solar energy heat absorbing device, avoid because the solar energy heat absorbing device continues to be subjected to thermal spalling when closing, and expanding gas is discharged by standby discharge duct and solar energy waste heat blast pipe.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the structural representation of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2: be the schematic side view of solar energy heat absorbing device of the present invention;
Fig. 3: for selecting the schematic diagram of Natural Circulation water inlet pipe work for use;
Fig. 4: for selecting the schematic diagram of forced circulation water inlet pipe work for use;
Fig. 5: for when the frosty weather, use the solar energy heat absorbing device to add hot-air, carry out the schematic diagram of heat exchange;
Fig. 6: be the structure schematic top plan view of a kind of hydrothermal exchange device of hot-water heating system of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
For embodiments of the present invention clearly are described, now that one in the work of legend shown in the figure is in a word bright:
1, solar energy heat absorbing device;
11, slot type heat build-up curved surface; 12, thermal-collecting tube assembly; 13, solar energy threeway
2, tank;
21, hot water draining valve; 22, Natural Circulation water inlet 23, forced circulation water inlet
24, delivery port 25, waterline
3, hydrothermal exchange device;
31, fume afterheat switch; 32, tubulation 33, the import of connection waterpipe
35, preheating water outlet 54, solar energy air inlet pipe
4, fuel oil, air burner; 41, water proof case; 42, combustion chamber 43, water pipe
44, cross fire tube 45, return duct 46, hot gas road 47, heat-collecting box 461, entrance point
56, solar energy outlet
71, smoke discharging tube valve 72, air-introduced machine 92, blowdown water tank
100, solar energy waste heat absorption plant 101, air inlet 106, feed-water intake
107, give water out
110, Natural Circulation inlet channel 111, Natural Circulation inlet valve
120, forced circulation inlet channel
121, forced circulation inlet valve 122, forced circulation intake pump
130, Natural Circulation outlet conduit 131, Natural Circulation flowing water Valve
140, forced circulation outlet conduit 141, forced circulation flowing water Valve
150, admission line 151, air intake pump 152, air intake valve
160, outlet pipe 161, give vent to anger valve 162, Thermal packer
14, solar energy waste heat blast pipe 15, solar energy waste heat drain tap
170, waste heat recovery plant 171, thermal conductive shell 172, labyrinth flow-path
173, running water water inlet 174, running water outlet mouth
180, standby discharge duct 181, standby valve
200A, 200B, four-way pipe fitting
As shown in Figure 1, be a kind of solar energy of the present invention, oil-gas synchronous or a specific embodiment that alternately reaches the hot-water heating system of waste heat application, comprise solar energy heat absorbing device 1, tank 2, hydrothermal exchange device 3, fuel oil or air burner 4, combustion chamber, water proof case 41, fume afterheat switch 31, solar energy waste heat absorption plant 100, blowdown water tank 92 etc.Wherein, hydrothermal exchange device 3 and combustion chamber are installed in the tank 2, and on the combustion chamber water proof case 41 that communicates with it are set, and burner is installed in the water proof case 41, and hydrothermal exchange device 3 is serially connected between solar energy heat absorbing device 1 and the combustion chamber.And fume afterheat switch 31 is installed between hydrothermal exchange device 3 and the solar energy heat absorbing device 1.Solar energy waste heat absorption plant 100 is installed in the solar heat gas outlet of hydrothermal exchange device 3, utilizes the solar energy waste hot air to heat to make-up water; These structures are fully described in Chinese patent No. 200620016952.3 and No. 200710300868.3, do not give unnecessary details at this.
In the present invention, this system also comprises water thermal-arrest circulation canal, gas thermal-arrest circulation canal and controls the change-over switch that both insert solar energy heat absorbing device 1.By in 1 year most of time, select the work of water thermal-arrest circulation canal, thereby can directly heat water, avoided the loss of heat energy; And at frost during season, change-over switch switches to the work of gas thermal-arrest circulation canal, with the air is working medium, thereby avoided water conservancy project matter to damage the influence of pipeline because of frost freezes, make whole system keep operate as normal, avoid forming the influence of rest period, made full use of solar energy energy, reach high efficiency.
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, this solar energy heat absorbing device 1 adopts groove type solar heat sink 1, comprises slot type heat build-up curved surface 11 and the thermal-collecting tube assembly 12 that is installed in the focal line position of slot type heat build-up curved surface 11.By slot type heat build-up curved surface 11 focusing sunlight, thermal-collecting tube assembly 12 is directly heated; And thermal-collecting tube assembly 12 can comprise metal inner pipe, at the peripheral glass outer tube that is provided with of metal inner pipe, avoid dissipation of heat energy and can prevent dust etc.; Certainly, also can select existing other thermal-collecting tube.This thermal-collecting tube assembly 12 is provided with import of thermal-arrest working medium and thermal-arrest sender property outlet, and cut-in operation working medium is directly assembled sunshine by slot type heat build-up curved surface 11 and carried out direct heating to working medium in thermal-collecting tube assembly 12, and output.
Understandable, solar energy heat absorbing device 1 can comprise a plurality of, and parallel connection, series connection or series and parallel mix setting, and its quantity is adjusted as required.Can inhale in the scope that collects the restriction of solar heat energy ceiling temperature, the solar energy heat absorbing device 1 unit component units group of series connection, every group of series connection quantity is many more, and the working medium temperature of inhaling the solar energy that collects is high more; And the quantity of unit group in parallel is many more, and the capacity of the working medium of its heating is just big more.This solar energy heat absorbing device can be other the plate solar collector made from the supporting suitable metal material of pipe-line system, for example the plate solar collector made of copper runner or other metal materials.
This change-over switch comprises import selector switch that is arranged on thermal-arrest working medium import department and the outlet selector switch that is arranged on thermal-arrest sender property outlet place.In the present embodiment, change-over switch adopts independent valve to control, and for example Natural Circulation inlet valve 111, forced circulation inlet valve 121, air intake valve 152 are as the import selector switch; Natural Circulation flowing water Valve 131, forced circulation flowing water Valve 141, the valve 161 of giving vent to anger are as the outlet selector switch; Valve in also can choice set is selected control, as long as can switch the gentle thermal-arrest circulation canal of water thermal-arrest circulation canal.Natural Circulation inlet channel 110, forced circulation inlet channel 120, admission line 151 and standby discharge duct 180 are connected with four-way pipe fitting 200A simultaneously, are linked into the import of thermal-arrest working medium; Natural Circulation outlet conduit 131, forced circulation outlet conduit 141, outlet pipe 161 are connected with four-way pipe fitting 200B simultaneously, are linked into the thermal-arrest sender property outlet; Carry out shunt by four-way pipe fitting 200A, 200B.
This water thermal-arrest circulation canal comprises respectively the Natural Circulation water inlet 22 and the delivery port 24 that are provided with in tank 2 upper and lowers, be connected the inlet channel between import selector switch and the delivery port 24 and be connected outlet conduit between outlet selector switch and the delivery port 24.
In the present embodiment, inlet channel comprises Natural Circulation inlet channel 110 and forced circulation inlet channel 120; Understandable, both can select one or be provided with simultaneously.This Natural Circulation inlet channel 110 is provided with Natural Circulation inlet valve 111; Forced circulation inlet channel 120 is provided with forced circulation inlet valve 121 and forced circulation intake pump 122.Certainly, Natural Circulation inlet valve 111 and forced circulation inlet valve 121 are selected a dozen and are opened or closed and close, and also can close simultaneously, play the effect of change-over switch.
Corresponding, the water inlet of tank 2 comprises Natural Circulation water inlet 22 that is opened in tank 2 upper portion side wall and the forced circulation water inlet 23 that is arranged on tank 2 tops.And outlet conduit comprises Natural Circulation outlet conduit 130 that is connected with Natural Circulation water inlet 22 and the forced circulation outlet conduit 140 that is connected with forced circulation water inlet 23.This Natural Circulation water inlet 22 should be positioned at the tank waterline below 25, guarantees not cut off by air in the middle of the Natural Circulation.Certainly, both also can select a setting.Natural Circulation outlet conduit 130 is provided with Natural Circulation flowing water Valve 131; Forced circulation outlet conduit 140 is provided with forced circulation flowing water Valve 141.
Understandable, four-way pipe fitting 200A, 200B can also realize with a plurality of independent pipe fittings and interface, and be not limited to four-way pipe fitting.
This fume afterheat switch 31 comprises connection waterpipe import 33, preheating water outlet 35, solar energy air inlet pipe 54 etc.This solar energy waste heat absorption plant 100 comprises feed-water intake 106, gives water out 107, air inlet 101 etc.The feedwater of running water, the running water at water source is through waste heat recovery plant 170 at first from the beginning, enter into solar energy waste heat absorption plant 100 by feed-water intake 106 and carry out preheating, enter into fume afterheat switch 31 by connecting waterpipe import 33 for water out 107, carry out further preheating, by entering into tank 2 with hot water outlet 35, water (flow) direction is shown in the hollow arrow among Fig. 1 again for water after the preheating.
Also be provided with solar energy waste heat drain tap 15 on the solar energy waste heat blast pipe 14, be used to open and close solar energy waste heat blast pipe 14, urgent the time (as cut off the water, when power failure and the sun are fierce), can open the solar energy waste heat drain tap 15 on the solar energy waste heat blast pipe 14, high-temperature gas in the solar energy heat absorbing device 1 is discharged, prevent explosion; Simultaneously, when utilizing water, can pass through solar energy waste heat blast pipe 14, the steam that solar energy heat absorbing device 1 produces is discharged, prevent the generation of the stifled phenomenon of gas as heating working medium.
This system also comprises the waste heat recovery plant 170 of the inlet segment that is arranged on tank 2, is used to absorb the used heat of the spent hot water after the use, to raise the efficiency.As shown in Figure 1, this waste heat recovery plant 170 comprises thermal conductive shell 171, is arranged on labyrinth flow-path 172 in the thermal conductive shell 171 and running water water inlet 173 and the running water outlet mouth 174 that joins with labyrinth flow-path 172.This waste heat recovery plant 170 can be arranged on the position of hot water draining valve 21 correspondences of watering equipment, thereby can contact and absorb spent hot water's waste heat.For example, when the water of tank 2 is used for shower, this waste heat recovery plant 170 can be arranged on the floor of shower house, the spent hot water is directly drenched on the thermal conductive shell 171, by thermal conductive shell 171 with the running water of thermal energy transfer in labyrinth flow-path 172 inner chambers, thereby can avoid the loss of used heat, and carry out preheating, raise the efficiency covering the initial temperature running water that comes.And the spent hot water enters into municipal sewage pipe network and handles by outflows such as sewage conducts.This thermal conductive shell 171 can have the shell that good heat conductive performance material is made for metal shell or other.
Further, on solar energy heat collector, also be provided with the standby discharge duct 180 that is communicated with thermal-collecting tube assembly 12, on standby discharge duct 180, be provided with standby valve 181.This standby discharge duct 180 can be used to discharge the ponding of solar energy heat absorbing device 1, also can in particular cases open at some, protects solar energy heat absorbing device 1.For example; fiercely have at sunlight and to run into when cutting off the water; air in the solar energy heat absorbing device 1 is heated; if not promptly cooling, step-down; be easy to cause the damage of solar energy heat absorbing device 1, can open standby valve 181 this moment, solar energy waste heat drain tap 15 grades on the solar energy waste heat blast pipe 14 can be opened simultaneously; the hot-air of solar energy heat absorbing device 1 is discharged, thereby play a protective role.
Solar energy of the present invention, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and the method used of waste heat comprise solar energy, oil-gas synchronous applying step and solar energy, oil gas alternate application step, can realize the synchronous use of solar energy, oil gas or be used alternatingly.
In solar energy, oil-gas synchronous applying step, start fuel oil or air burner 4; Close the thermal-arrest circulation canal of holding one's breath, the thermal-arrest circulation canal of fetching boiling water by change-over switch; And open smoke discharging tube valve 71, opened smoke-discharging air-introduced machine 72, open burner 4 work, and discharge behind the waste gas filtering with described fuel oil or air burner 4 burnings.Water thermal-arrest circulation canal can be selected Natural Circulation water inlet pipe 110 or 120 work of forced circulation water inlet pipe.
As shown in Figure 6, when burner 4 work, produce high temperature hot gas, chemical energy is converted to heat energy.Simultaneously, the return duct 45 that communicates with 42 inside, combustion chamber is arranged on the outer wall of cylindrical tank, hot gas in the combustion chamber 42 enters into return duct 45, the effect of return duct 45 is directly with in the water of the thermal energy exchange in the combustion chamber 42 in the tank 2, after return duct 45 exchanges, hot gas enters the heat-collecting box 47 of heat exchange pipe network along the direction of arrow among the figure through fire tube 44, further with heat-collecting box 47 in water pipe 43 exchange heat energy; Enter hot gas road 46 through hot gas road entrance point 461 then, further exchange heat energy with the water pipe 43 that is distributed in the hot gas road, water pipe 43 is two groups of several being arranged in parallel, and wherein the diameter of one group of water pipe 43 is greater than the diameter of another group water pipe 43.At last, enter the tubulation 32 in the fume afterheat switch 31, further exchange heat energy with preheating water in the fume afterheat switch 31 after, opened smoke-discharging air-introduced machine 72, waste gas is discharged from smoke exhaust pipe valve 71 and smoke exhaust pipe.
As shown in Figure 3, it is the schematic diagram of selecting the work of Natural Circulation water inlet pipe for use, open the Natural Circulation inlet valve 111 of Natural Circulation water inlet pipe, close forced circulation inlet valve 121 and forced circulation intake pump 122 simultaneously, and close the air intake valve 152 and the air intake pump 151 of the thermal-arrest circulation canal of holding one's breath, and standby valve 181 is closed; Open the Natural Circulation flowing water Valve 131 of Natural Circulation outlet conduit 130, and close the forced circulation flowing water Valve 141 of forced circulation outlet conduit 140 and the valve 161 of giving vent to anger of outlet pipe 160.Arrow is represented the working medium flow direction among the figure.
At this moment, the flue gas that fuel oil or air burner 4 work produce enters hydrothermal exchange device 3, and the water in the tank 2 is heated, and flue gas is discharged by fume afterheat switch 31 and smoke discharging pipe.Simultaneously, water in the tank 2 flows out from the delivery port 24 of tank 2 bottoms, enter into the solar energy heat absorbing device 1 that comprises slot type heat build-up curved surface 11 and thermal-collecting tube assembly 12 through Natural Circulation inlet channel 110, thermal-collecting tube assembly 12 is accepted the incident photo-thermal of sunlight front illuminated, accept the focal line type sunlight heat that 11 reflections come from slot type heat build-up curved surface again, the sunlight heat of incident and reflection sees through thermal-collecting tube assembly 12 outer casing shell layers, be collected on the focal line metal tube of thermal-collecting tube assembly 12, because metal heat transfer effect, solar heat energy is transmitted in the tube cavity of thermal-collecting tube assembly 12, carry out heat exchange with the intraluminal working medium (water or air) of thermal-collecting tube assembly 12, the working medium heating (when working medium is water, is heated into hot water with cold water; When working medium is air, cold air is heated into hot-air).Water after the heating flow in the tank 2 through the Natural Circulation water inlet 22 on tank 2 tops by Natural Circulation outlet conduit 130 and Natural Circulation flowing water Valve 131 again.Because delivery port 24 is positioned at the bottom of Natural Circulation water inlet 22 all the time, and is heated by solar energy heat absorbing device 1, make water remain a pressure, thereby can realize Natural Circulation.
The Natural Circulation basic principle of wherein water conservancy project matter is: the water that tank is 2 li is under the gravity effect, flow to the delivery port 24 of tank 2 bottoms, flow out from delivery port 24, be transported to Natural Circulation inlet valve 111, through Natural Circulation inlet channel 110, flow through four-way pipe fitting 200A, shunt to solar energy heat absorbing device 1 through four-way pipe fitting 200A.The focal line thermal-collecting tube assembly 12 of solar energy heat absorbing device 1 directly receives the reverberation heat energy of sun incident photo-thermal and slot type heat build-up curved surface 11.The water that enters solar energy heat absorbing device 1 is heated into hot water, along separate routes through four-way pipe fitting 200B, according to the heating power rising principle, hot water flows through toward Natural Circulation outlet conduit 130, be transported in the tank 2 through Natural Circulation flowing water Valve 131 and Natural Circulation water inlet 22 again, finish the end of a Natural Circulation and the cold water that renews to the loop flow process that is heated into hot water.Understandable, should the overflow upper end of Natural Circulation water inlet 22 of the water of tank 2 is primary condition to guarantee water there not being the stifled and air layer of gas to cut off, and guarantees the running of Natural Circulation.
As shown in Figure 4, it is the schematic diagram of selecting 120 work of forced circulation water inlet pipe for use, open the forced circulation inlet valve 121 of forced circulation water inlet pipe 120 and open forced circulation intake pump 122, close Natural Circulation inlet valve 111 simultaneously, and close the air intake valve 152 and the air intake pump 151 of the thermal-arrest circulation canal of holding one's breath, and standby valve 181 is closed; Open the forced circulation flowing water Valve 141 of forced circulation outlet conduit 140, and close the Natural Circulation flowing water Valve 131 of Natural Circulation outlet conduit 130 and the valve 161 of giving vent to anger of outlet pipe 160.Arrow is represented the working medium flow direction among the figure.
At this moment, the flue gas that fuel oil or air burner 4 work produce enters hydrothermal exchange device 3, and the water in the tank 2 is heated synchronously, and flue gas is by discharging through air-introduced machine 72, smoke discharging pipe valve 71 in fume afterheat switch 31 and the smoke discharging pipe.Simultaneously, water in the tank 2 flows out from the delivery port 24 of tank 2 bottoms, drive the thermal-collecting tube assembly 12 that enters into solar energy heat absorbing device 1 through forced circulation inlet channel 120 by forced circulation intake pump 122, by the water in the solar energy heat absorbing device 1 heat absorption heating thermal-collecting tube assembly 12, water after the heating flow in the tank 2 through the forced circulation water inlet 23 at tank 2 tops by forced circulation outlet conduit 140.Drive by the pressure of forced circulation pump, make current more stable, accept that the sunshine area is bigger, the heating water capacity is more, improve heat exchange efficiency.
More than be to adopt water to carry out the heat conduction, avoided the loss of heat energy as working medium.And can be among 1 year when having the sun, frost any season use.
In the step of solar energy, oil gas alternate application, when starting the work of fuel oil or air burner, close hold one's breath thermal-arrest circulation canal and water thermal-arrest circulation canal simultaneously.Open the solar energy waste heat blast pipe 14 of solar energy heat absorbing device 1 this moment, thereby can avoid excessively being heated of solar energy heat absorbing device 1.
When 1 work of solar energy heat absorbing device, close the communication passage of fuel oil or air burner 4 and hydrothermal exchange device 3.Select gas thermal-arrest circulation canal or the work of water thermal-arrest circulation canal by change-over switch; And close smoke discharging tube valve 71, solar energy waste heat blast pipe 14, smoke evacuation air-introduced machine 72 and burner.
As shown in Figure 5, be when frosty weather, use solar energy heat absorbing device 1 to add hot-air, carry out the schematic diagram of heat exchange.Close the communication passage of fuel oil or air burner 4 and hydrothermal exchange device 3, close water thermal-arrest circulation canal; Open the air intake valve 152 and the air intake pump 151 of admission line 150 then, and open the valve 161 of giving vent to anger on the outlet pipe 160.Arrow is represented the working medium flow direction among the figure.
At this moment, air is driven by air intake pump 151 and enters into solar energy heat absorbing device 1, heat, after air after 1 heating of solar energy heat absorbing device enters hot gas road 46 by outlet pipe 160 by solar energy air inlet pipe 54, opposite direction along arrow shown in Fig. 6 enters combustion chamber 42, and the water in the tank 2 is heated; Air after the heat exchange enters into solar energy waste heat absorption plant 100 (if setting) through solar energy outlet 56 again; Air after the heat exchange is driven by air intake pump 151 once more and enters solar energy heat absorbing device 1, forms circulation.Like this, just can still can use solar energy heat absorbing device 1 to heat, avoid system to enter rest period, improve the service efficiency of system solar energy at frosty weather.
Certainly, when the sun is enough, can also stop using fuel oil or air burner 4, make water thermal-arrest circulation canal carry out the water heating, directly add hot water, play effect in energy saving and environmental protection by solar energy heat absorbing device 1, its water circulation is not given unnecessary details at this shown in Fig. 3,4.
Further, fiercely have at sunlight to run into when cutting off the water, the air in the solar energy heat absorbing device 1 is heated, if not promptly cooling, step-down, be easy to cause the damage of solar energy heat absorbing device 1, can open standby valve 181 this moment, open standby discharge duct 180; Solar energy waste heat blast pipe 14 grades can be opened simultaneously, the hot-air of solar energy heat absorbing device 1 be discharged, thereby play a protective role.
Further, when the hot water of tank 2 is used (as being used for shower), this waste heat recovery plant 170 can be arranged on the floor of shower house, spent hot water during people's shower is directly drenched on the thermal conductive shell 171, because the metal heat transfer effect, thermal conductive shell 171 is with the running water of thermal energy transfer in labyrinth flow-path 172 inner chambers.The water at water source can enter into labyrinth flow-path 172 inner chambers of waste heat recovery plant 170 by running water water inlet 173 from the beginning, absorb the heat energy that thermal conductive shell 171 is collected, running water is carried out heat exchange, discharge by running water outlet mouth 174 then, enter into the water inlet of solar energy waste heat absorption plant 100, make when the shower running water, the preheating once more of the solar energy preheating absorption plant 100 of getting back in the preheating first of waste heat recovery plant 170.Thereby avoid the loss of waste heat and used heat, running water temperature before entering tank 2 is improved, make hot-water heating system of the present invention realize not only protecting environment but also improve solar energy and heat energy utilization rate oily, the gas resource.
Claims (10)
1. a solar energy, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and the hot-water heating system used of waste heat comprise solar energy heat absorbing device, fuel oil or air burner, combustion chamber, hydrothermal exchange device and tank; Described hydrothermal exchange device and described combustion chamber are contained in the described tank, and on described combustion chamber, be provided with the water proof case that communicates with it, described burner is contained in the described water proof case, described hydrothermal exchange device serial connection is characterized in that between described solar energy heat absorbing device and described combustion chamber:
This system also comprises water thermal-arrest circulation canal, gas thermal-arrest circulation canal and controls the change-over switch that the gentle thermal-arrest circulation canal of described water thermal-arrest circulation canal inserts described solar energy heat absorbing device.
2. solar energy according to claim 1, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and the hot-water heating system used of waste heat is characterized in that: the thermal-collecting tube assembly that described solar energy heat absorbing device comprises slot type heat build-up curved surface and is installed in the focal line of described slot type heat build-up curved surface; Described thermal-collecting tube assembly comprises import of thermal-arrest working medium and thermal-arrest sender property outlet;
Described change-over switch comprises import selector switch that is arranged on described thermal-arrest working medium import department and the outlet selector switch that is arranged on described thermal-arrest sender property outlet place;
Described water thermal-arrest circulation canal comprises respectively the water inlet and the delivery port that are provided with in described tank upper and lower, be connected the inlet channel between described import selector switch and the delivery port and be connected outlet conduit between described outlet selector switch and the water inlet;
Described gas thermal-arrest circulation canal comprise supply through the hot gas of described solar energy heat absorbing device heating to the gas outlet of described hydrothermal exchange device, insert the hot gas of discharging through described hydrothermal exchange device heat exchange from described gas outlet air inlet, be connected the admission line between described import selector switch and the air inlet and be connected outlet pipe between described outlet selector switch and the gas outlet;
Described import selector switch and outlet selector switch switch simultaneously and insert described water thermal-arrest circulation canal or gas thermal-arrest circulation canal to described thermal-collecting tube assembly.
3. solar energy according to claim 2, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and the hot-water heating system used of waste heat, it is characterized in that: described inlet channel comprises Natural Circulation inlet channel and/or forced circulation inlet channel; Described Natural Circulation inlet channel is provided with the Natural Circulation inlet valve; Described forced circulation inlet channel is provided with forced circulation inlet valve and forced circulation intake pump;
Described water inlet comprises the Natural Circulation water inlet that is opened in described tank upper portion side wall and/or is opened in the forced circulation water inlet at described tank top;
Described outlet conduit comprises Natural Circulation outlet conduit that is connected with described Natural Circulation water inlet and/or the forced circulation outlet conduit that is connected with described forced circulation water inlet; Described Natural Circulation outlet conduit is provided with the Natural Circulation flowing water Valve, and described forced circulation outlet conduit is provided with the forced circulation flowing water Valve.
4. solar energy according to claim 2, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and the hot-water heating system used of waste heat, it is characterized in that: described admission line is provided with air intake pump and air intake valve;
Described outlet pipe is provided with the valve of giving vent to anger, Thermal packer and solar energy waste heat blast pipe.
5. solar energy according to claim 1, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and the hot-water heating system used of waste heat, it is characterized in that: described system also comprises the inlet segment that is arranged on described tank, the waste heat recovery plant that absorbs spent hot water's heat energy.
6. solar energy according to claim 5, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and the hot-water heating system used of waste heat, it is characterized in that: described waste heat recovery plant comprises thermal conductive shell, is arranged on labyrinth flow-path in the described thermal conductive shell and running water water inlet and the running water outlet mouth that joins with described labyrinth flow-path.
7. solar energy according to claim 1, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and the hot-water heating system used of waste heat, it is characterized in that: described solar energy heat absorbing device is the plate solar collector that metal material is made.
8. a solar energy, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and the method used of waste heat is characterized in that: comprise solar energy, oil-gas synchronous applying step and solar energy, oil gas alternate application step;
In described solar energy, oil-gas synchronous applying step: start fuel oil or air burner; Close the thermal-arrest circulation canal of holding one's breath, the thermal-arrest circulation canal of fetching boiling water by change-over switch; And open smoke discharging tube valve, opened smoke-discharging air-introduced machine, the starting burner operation, and discharge behind the waste gas filtering with described fuel oil or air burner burning;
In described solar energy, oil gas alternate application step: when starting the work of fuel oil or air burner, close hold one's breath thermal-arrest circulation canal and water thermal-arrest circulation canal simultaneously, open the solar energy waste heat blast pipe of solar energy heat absorbing device this moment;
When described solar energy heat absorbing device is worked, close the communication passage of described fuel oil or air burner and hydrothermal exchange device; Select gas thermal-arrest circulation canal or the work of water thermal-arrest circulation canal by change-over switch; And close smoke discharging tube valve, solar energy waste heat blast pipe, smoke evacuation air-introduced machine and burner.
9. solar energy according to claim 8, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and the method used of waste heat, it is characterized in that: when closing described gas thermal-arrest circulation canal and water thermal-arrest circulation canal, open the standby valve of the standby blast pipe of described solar energy heat absorbing device, open standby blast pipe.
10. solar energy according to claim 8, oil-gas synchronous or alternately and the method used of waste heat, it is characterized in that: this method also comprises the Waste Heat Recovery step: the drainage position place that waste heat recovery plant is arranged on the watering equipment of tank, thermal conductive shell by waste heat recovery plant absorbs spent hot water's heat energy, and, carry out Waste Heat Recovery with the running water of thermal energy transfer in the thermal conductive shell.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009101094062A CN101634491B (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2009-08-14 | Solar and oil-gas synchronous or alternating and afterheat-applying water heating system and method thereof |
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| CN2009101094062A CN101634491B (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2009-08-14 | Solar and oil-gas synchronous or alternating and afterheat-applying water heating system and method thereof |
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| CN101634491A CN101634491A (en) | 2010-01-27 |
| CN101634491B true CN101634491B (en) | 2011-04-13 |
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| CN2009101094062A Expired - Fee Related CN101634491B (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2009-08-14 | Solar and oil-gas synchronous or alternating and afterheat-applying water heating system and method thereof |
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| CN106708006B (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2019-06-28 | 北京国电智深控制技术有限公司 | A kind of control method and device of heat collection unit |
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| US5444972A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1995-08-29 | Rockwell International Corporation | Solar-gas combined cycle electrical generating system |
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| CN101634491A (en) | 2010-01-27 |
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