CN101634274B - Black enamel composite ceramic solar plate and solar windhole - Google Patents
Black enamel composite ceramic solar plate and solar windhole Download PDFInfo
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- CN101634274B CN101634274B CN2009101607519A CN200910160751A CN101634274B CN 101634274 B CN101634274 B CN 101634274B CN 2009101607519 A CN2009101607519 A CN 2009101607519A CN 200910160751 A CN200910160751 A CN 200910160751A CN 101634274 B CN101634274 B CN 101634274B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a ceramic solar windhole which consists of ceramic solar plates and windholes installed on hillsides and hill tops, and uses flowing air to drive air turbines to generate electricity. The ceramic solar windhole generating set is characterized in that ceramic solar plate collectors are installed in groups on the sloping fields of a southerly hillside and down the hillside, the groups are based on horizontal and vertical directions, and each group is divided into a plurality of columns; the collectors vertically arranged in each ceramic solar plate collector column are communicated end to end, a lower opening is communicated with an air inlet pipe, and an upper opening is communicated with a hot air bypass; both the air inlet pipe and the hot air bypass form an inclination angle with the horizontal plane. Air flows from bottom to top, the lower opening of the air inlet pipe is opened, the upper opening of the air inlet pipe is closed, the lower opening of the hot air bypass is closed, and the upper opening of the hot air bypass is communicated with a chief windhole. Air flows from the lower opening of the air inlet pipe into the collectors, is heated by sunlight, goes into the chief windhole through the hot air bypass, and is exhausted from the upper opening of the chief windhole. Negative pressure is formed at the inlet of the air inlet pipe, and positive pressure is formed at the outlet of the chief windhole. The air turbines are installed at the inlet of the air inlet pipe and the outlet of chief windhole, air forms airflow as a result of pressure difference and pushes turbines to drive the generators to generate electricity. By using thermally expanded hot air provided by the solar energy absorbed by the ceramic solar plates as the energy for electricity generation, solar energy becomes an alternative energy source which can be used in large-scale.
Description
The present invention is dividing an application of " ceramic solar ventiduct ", March 22 2007 applying date of original application, application number 2007100140083, invention and created name " ceramic solar ventiduct ".The specification of dividing an application, Figure of description, summary, Figure of abstract are the same with the original application content.
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to pottery and make and utilize the technical field of solar energy with ceramic products, be to be that black or dark large scale hollow ceramic plate are as solar absorber plate specifically with trade waste, natural minerals, compound and the conventional ceramic raw material manufacturing low cost that is rich in the period 4 transition metal, long-life integral body or surface, be called for short ceramic solar plate, the solar energy that utilizes ceramic solar plate to absorb provides the energy of the hot air of expanded by heating as generating, the alternative energy that solar energy is become can utilize on a large scale.
(2) background technique
The solar energy utilization mainly is divided into solar photovoltaic utilization, solar thermal utilization mode, solar thermal utilization mainly is a solar water heater at present, solar water heater is divided into closing-sunning type and circulating, circulating efficient is higher, its thermal collection body mainly adopts board-like thermal collection body of metal tube and vacuum glass tubular type thermal collection body, and the board-like thermal collection body of metal tube is also referred to as flat thermal collection body.Both all have the following disadvantages: 1. the board-like thermal collection body of metal tube mainly adopts materials such as copper, aluminium, glass tube with vacuum thermal collection body structure and manufacturing process relative complex, and the price of calculating both with every square metre of heat absorption area is all than higher.2. both all adopt the black sunlight absorbing coating that low temperature applies, the aging sunlight absorption rate that makes that has under long-term effect of sunlight to a certain degree decays, the degree of vacuum that metal is perishable, glass tube with vacuum is interior can progressively descend, and all is the major reason that causes life-span and efficiency.3. be combined as a whole with building owing to reasons such as material, structure, cost and life-span are difficult.
Some countries have carried out the development test of the solar energy thermal-power-generating mode of a kind of being referred to as " solar chimney " in recent years.The solar chimney power generation system mainly is made up of chimney heat collector (greenhouse, plane) and generator and energy storage device, by being produced air-flow by the air of Greenhouse Heating through center, greenhouse and chimney bottom, drives generator and generates electricity.The Manzanaries of nineteen eighty-two Germany scientific research personnel in the Madrid, ESP south builds up a 50KW solar chimney demonstrative project, first the notion of large greenhouse hot air flow promotion turbine generation come true.After this, on this basis, Eviro Mission company begins to plan 600km place to the west of Sydney, AUS, builds the solar chimney power station of 200MW.The high 1000m of its chimney, diameter 130m, being built in diameter is the center in the greenhouse, plane of 7000m.Its key technology, be in the certain temperature difference of the inside and outside creation in greenhouse, make the air guided inclination ceiling board place that moves to the center in the large-scale circular glasshouse produce the distinguished and admirable of a nearly constant speed, by being installed in 32 double shrouded wheel machine uninterruptable power generations round the clock of chimney bottom.Estimate that construction investment is 16～2,000,000,000 Australian Dollars.This project is still in the optimal design stage at present.The maximum characteristics of this mode are not have focusing system, not only can utilize scattered light, and have avoided every technical barrier of bringing because of optically focused.
" solar chimney " relies on the greenhouse, plane to carry out thermal-arrest, and upward flow in the dependence chimney stalk and inlet and outlet pressure difference cause distinguished and admirable, may have the following disadvantages:
1. about 30 ℃ of common greenhouse internal-external temperature difference, and solar thermal collector is carried out sky when shining, internal-external temperature difference can be above 120 ℃, by contrast, the Heat-collecting effect of " solar chimney " is lower, and still, existing solar thermal collector cost is too high, wherein the glass tube with vacuum thermal collection body is that the blind pipe of a sealing is difficult to form unobstructed air-flow, also makes to use to cause difficulty.
2. the chimney of diameter 130m, high 1000m may be a highest present artificial building, and technology and difficulty of construction may form very high cost in its building course.
Continued to quicken to exploit through nearly 200 years; fossil fuel resources such as coal, oil, rock gas are progressively exhausted; the mankind must search out at least a new extensive alternative energy in finite time now, otherwise the real energy crisis that modern society is fallen back significantly.Extensive application the same with nuclear fusion, the flammable hyrate in deep-sea, space solar power station, low-cost solar battery etc., low-cost, the long-life solar energy heat collector also may form the new extensive alternative energy.
The common recognition of scientific circles is at present: the solar radiant energy total amount that arrives earth top, than big several ten thousand times of the total amount that consumes the various energy on the earth, in case technical making a breakthrough makes it to have competitive ability on cost, solar energy can satisfy human most energy demand.
We need select the abundant area of solar energy in other words, be paved with solar collector and be that electric power can form the extensive alternative energy with the solar energy converting of collecting on promptly about 100,000 square kilometres of areas on the area that takes up an area of about ball top a thousandth, 100,000 square kilometres equal 1,000 hundred million square metres.
Solar electrical energy generation mainly is solar energy power generating and solar energy thermal-power-generating at present, solar energy thermal-power-generating can be divided into the high temperature generating of optically focused, tracking mode and the low-temperature electricity-generating of heat collector mode again, the sunshine collector of photovoltaic generation is a solar cell, the trap of high temperature generating is reflector and solar tracking system, and the trap of low-temperature electricity-generating mainly is plate-tube type collector metal device and glass tube with vacuum.The common drawback of these traps is that cost is higher at present, life-span is shorter, usually cost is every square metre hundreds of extremely thousands of yuans, life-span is 5 years to 20 years, various generator set are very ripe, its cost and life-span relative fixed, solar energy is the low density energy, the upper limit is every square metre of 1KW approximately, in any case it is accurate, complicated, advanced trap all can not be collected more energy, so collect the trap that solar energy needs huge area, the prime cost of solar electrical energy generation is determined by trap, key is the cost and the life-span of trap, the cost of the in general existing trap several times that need descend, and the life-span increases several times simultaneously, relative conventional energy resource, solar electrical energy generation just can be competitive.
Produce black ceramic in the past and must add Co, Cr, Ni, Mn, Fe grade in an imperial examination phase transitional element all around, price is very expensive, it is the method that one of raw material is produced various black ceramic goods with the tailings in vanadium extraction that the Chinese invention patent CN85102464 that the inventor declares and obtains " production method and the goods thereof of black ceramic goods raw material ", CN86104984 " a kind of pottery powder " have narrated, and this black ceramic is called vanadium-titanium black ceramic.This invention is that nine external state invention patent certificates are declared and obtained to title with " ceramic powder and goods thereof " (Ceramrc powder and drticles) again, is respectively U. S. Patent 4737477, Japan Patent 1736801, English, method, moral, austrian patent (EUROPEAN PATENT OFFICE) 0201179, Australian Patent 578815, Singapore's patent 1009/91, Finnish patent 81336 and Hong Kong patent 1077/1991.The twentieth century later stage eighties inventor has declared " black ceramic solar tile ", " black ceramic parapet-type solar thermal collector ", patents such as " black ceramic solar energy roofs ", the beginning of this century, the inventor declared " ceramic solar plate ", " manufacture method of composite ceramics hollow solar heat-collection plate ", " structure and material on a kind of new type solar energy roof ", " manufacturing of ceramic solar board heat collector and installation method ", " method of compounding solid netted black porcelain sunlight absorbing layer on ceramic solar plate ", " black ceramic composite ceramic solar panel ", patents such as " ceramic hollow sheeting cementation and formation method and application thereof ".
Described tailings in vanadium extraction is that vanadium titano-magnetite obtains vanadium-bearing hot metal through melting, vanadium-bearing hot metal obtains vanadium slag through blowing, vanadium slag adds auxiliary material and carries out roasting, and roasting material is carried out wet extraction vanadium extraction salt, and the remaining residue as waste is tailings in vanadium extraction behind the extraction vanadic salts.
Tailings in vanadium extraction is rich in the period 4 transition metal, as: (Fe
2O
3+ FeO) 50-70, TiO 5-9, MnO 4-7, CrO
30.002-3, V
2O
50.2-2, SiO
212-26, Al
2O
32-4, CuO 0.9-2, MgO 0.6-2, Na
2O 2-6, K
2O 0.012-0.12, tailings in vanadium extraction until through melting process, are always ater at normal temperatures with through the high-temperature roasting of different temperatures.
China's year output tailings in vanadium extraction is about 300,000 tons at present, and the main place of production is Sichuan, Hebei, Liaoning etc., and representative enterprise is Panzhihua Iron, second chemical plant, Chengde, Jinzhou vanadium industry company etc.Tailings in vanadium extraction is rich in Fe, Cr, Mn, V, Ti grade in an imperial examination phase element complex compound all around, account for about 80% of gross weight, it is a kind of very special trade waste, wherein the extraction of any composition and utilization all can not show a candle to the Economy of corresponding natural minerals, and their aggregate is a kind of very stable ceramic black colorant, the manufacturing that the artificial for a long time Co for preparing is ceramic black colorant must be through strict prescription, meticulous, complicated processing just can obtain the ceramic black colorant that is colour-stable, about 200,000 yuan of common prices per ton.Tailings in vanadium extraction is not only stable ceramic black colorant, and itself also is good basalt raw material, and hundred-percent tailings in vanadium extraction just can produce that physicochemical property is good, the exsertile vanadium-titanium black ceramic goods of photo-thermal transformational.
Vanadium-titanium black ceramic was invented in 1984, on April 1st, 1985 began to declare patent, 1986 by technical evaluation, vanadium-titanium black ceramic can be made hollow solar heat-collection plate, far-infrared radiation element, the art work, decorative panel for building etc., wherein the current production rate maximum is the vanadium-titanium black ceramic decorative panel for building, the at present main place of production is Guangdong, Shanghai, and representative enterprise is the great ceramics factory in east, Foshan City, the grand basic special cermacis in Shanghai company etc.China's ceramic building decorative sheet (ceramic wall and floor bricks) output occupies first place in the world, Annual output accounts for Gross World Product about 50% for 4,000,000,000 square metres, because the vanadium-titanium black ceramic decorative sheet uses a large amount of tailings in vanadium extraction, took a large amount of stockyards in the past, the present price of tailings in vanadium extraction that becomes vanadium extraction factory heavy burden has reached 160-300 unit/T.Therefore whole nation tailings in vanadium extraction output factory obtains year up to ten million units of net income, and vanadium-titanium black ceramic is decorated the several hundred million units of hair plates annual sales.The eighties in 20th century, the beginning of the nineties are with up to ten thousand square metres of 300 * 300 millimeters vanadium-titanium black ceramic hollow solar plates of gypsum mould grouting forming method trial-production, manufacturing and use vanadium-titanium black ceramic solar water heater are more than hundreds of, directly be built in nearly thousand square metres of vanadium-titanium black ceramic solar water heaters on the roof, adopt brick, cement housing, magnesite housing, water vat water storage box and the special ceramic water storage box of making, purpose is progressively to develop into vanadium-titanium black ceramic solar energy roof.0.09 square metre of 300 * 300 millimeters vanadium-titanium black ceramic solar plate veneer area, water capacity 0.9kg, water temperature can reach 100 ℃ during the vexed solarization of single-glass veneer, the vanadium-titanium black ceramic solar water heater obtains the first prize in Shandong Province solar water heater the whole province comparation and assessment in 1987, water quality before and after the heating of vanadium-titanium black ceramic solar water heater is not found visible variation after testing, using solar plate more than 10 years not have fades, corrosion, the aging sign that waits, but gypsum mould grouting moulding vanadium-titanium black ceramic hollow solar plate method, shaping efficiency is low, consume a large amount of gypsum, moulding large scale solar plate yield rate is low, small size plate joint is too much, install loaded down with trivial details, be difficult to develop into the large-scale industrial production method, be difficult to realize the large-scale promotion use.The large scale solar plate with the trial-production of vacuum extrusion molding of inventor's recent development, shaping efficiency exceeds tens of times than gypsum mould grouting method, and scalable several times to tens times of board dimension can develop forming mass production and application.
The most important characteristic of vanadium-titanium black ceramic is the photo-thermal transfer characteristic, vanadium-titanium black ceramic is typical energy and material, inventor's more practical large scale vanadium-titanium black ceramic solar plate of research and development and be that surface layer is the vanadium-titanium black ceramic composite ceramic solar panel of matrix with the conventional ceramic with the vanadium-titanium black ceramic with all strength is used for vanadium-titanium black ceramic solar energy roof for this reason.Whole nation tailings in vanadium extraction quantum of output can be produced about 1,500 ten thousand square metres of practical large scale vanadium-titanium black ceramic solar plate per year, can be and make its Annual output of vanadium-titanium black ceramic composite ceramic solar panel above 1,000,000,000 square metres, the photo-thermal transfer process betides body surface, and both performances can accomplish there is no significant difference.
About 700 yuan of present one ton of solid hair plates of vanadium-titanium black ceramic, about 3000 yuan of cast iron, 4500 yuan of steel, 24000 yuan of aluminiums, 70000 yuan of copper materials are compared its proportion and are differed 3 times with iron and steel, be that the porcelain plate volume that identical currency is bought is that iron and steel is more than 10 times, and the porcelain corrosion resistance life-span can be longer more than 10 times than iron and steel, can think that ceramic material is more corrosion-resistant than any metal, every square metre of vanadium-titanium black ceramic or composite ceramic solar panel weight can be less than 40kg.Ceramic material is cheap to be because that big, widely distributed, the haul distance of raw material reserves is short, processing temperature can be lower than 1200 ℃, processing technology is simple, it is that these factors are difficult to change because the raw material reserves are few, effective content is low, haul distance is far away, about 1600 ℃ or need electrolysis for production, processing technology complexity of processing temperature that metallic material costs an arm and a leg.So conventional ceramic, vanadium-titanium black ceramic or be that the surface is that matrix is fit to make the solar energy heating body with the general ceramic material with the vanadium-titanium black ceramic, both are more suitable for making the solar energy heating body after outstanding.
Vanadium-titanium black ceramic can a large amount of energy that absorb in the sunlight during by solar radiation, and sunlight absorption rate can reach 0.9, and through test, in latitude 37 degree areas, summer, fine 1 square metre of vanadium-titanium black ceramic solar plate can be heated to 10kg water 100 ℃.Vanadium-titanium black ceramic is good optical-thermal conversion material, is novel energy and material.Vanadium-titanium black ceramic black is pure, physicochemical property is good, at present be used to produce the decorative panel for building of solid surface polishing in a large number, low production cost, about 12 millimeters of vanadium-titanium black ceramic decorative sheet thickness, 25 yuan every square metre of the hair plates retail valencys that does not polish, producer price can be about 17 yuan, its sales volume has reached several hundred million units, the vanadium-titanium black ceramic decorative sheet utilizes just that vanadium-titanium black ceramic black is pure, decorative effect is sedate, serious this characteristic, and the photo-thermal transfer characteristic that itself has does not obtain sufficient development and utilization as yet.Vanadium-titanium black ceramic intensity height, bending strength 45～100MPa, almost double than common porcelain brick, cheap for manufacturing cost, not burn into do not wear out, do not fade, nontoxic, harmless, "dead", fire through thousands of degree temperature and to form, through accelerated ageing, do not find the sunlight absorption rate attenuation problem, can have almost permanent working life, be fit to very much make the solar energy heating body, easily combine with building, be used for the solar energy roof, its intensity is about ten times on common tile, service time can with the building the same life-span.
Most ceramic productss have certain whiteness requirement, so the too high raw material of iron-holder is used in restriction, ceramic solar plate and the present solid hair plates of the vanadium-titanium black ceramic surface of mass production are black, no whiteness requirement, so raw material sources are more extensive, cost of material is lower, the about 12mm of the solid hair plates thickness of vanadium-titanium black ceramic, mostly be 800 * 800mm sheet material, cost of production can be lower than 17 yuans every square metre, and ceramic solar plate is a hollow sheet material, and we can be 20～40mm at present pilot sample total thickness, wall thickness 2～5mm, the veneer area can be greater than 0.5m
2Its every square metre raw material consumption can be equal to or less than the solid hair plates of vanadium-titanium black ceramic, both compare its raw material processing, moulding, drying, burn till, has comparativity, ceramic solar plate has increased the sealing-in operation of two ends, when realizing mass production, both one-tenth should have comparativity, and the cost of production estimation of ceramic solar plate is 1.5～3 times of the solid hair plates of vanadium-titanium black ceramic.Burn into is not aging, black side is not faded, sunlight absorption rate can not decay, and can think that should be supreme a century decades its working life for ceramic solar plate.
Ceramic raw material mainly is meant china clay, quartzy, feldspar, the large-size ceramic solar plate does not have the whiteness requirement, can adopt the most common, the cheap ceramic raw material that iron-holder is higher, the earth all accumulates a large amount of these type of raw materials of the root of Dahurian angelica everywhere, a large amount of trade wastes and natural minerals are rich in the period 4 transitional element, be enough to provide corresponding black table surface layer even the required black ceramic material of whole solar plate, as long as realize technological break-through, the technology that the large-size ceramic solar plate is produced, method, cost and conventional ceramic wall floor tile such as vanadium-titanium black ceramic decorative sheet etc. have comparativity, can be extensive, produce the large-size ceramic solar plate cheaply, only China just has the throughput of producing 4000000000 square metres of ceramic wall and floor bricks per year, the ceramic wall and floor bricks manufacturing shop that China is maximum, a factory building takes up an area of 1000 mu, 100,000,000 square metres of throughput, so as long as market demand, economically feasible, ceramics can be produced than the more large-size ceramic solar plate of ceramic wall and floor bricks both at home and abroad, can in 10 years, make and surpass 1,000 hundred million square metres large-size ceramic solar plate, usually the ceramic products firing temperature is about 1200 ℃, ceramic products is high bond energy mineral, performance is highly stable, nearly all ceramic products can both be accomplished not corrode, not aging, do not fade, nontoxic, harmless, "dead", sunlight absorption rate is unattenuated, have higher intensity and good weatherability, can have and go up century-old working life.
The large-size ceramic solar plate can be used for making solar water heater, builds the solar energy roof, for building provides hot water, air-conditioning, heating installation, in the abundant area of sunlight, the large size electricity generating device is built in barren beach, hills, mountain region, desert as western part of China, makes solar energy really become the extensive alternative energy.
(3) summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention: ceramic solar plate and air channel are installed formation " ceramic solar ventiduct " along hillside and mountain peak, drive the air turbine generating with airflow flowing.
The present invention is achieved in that
With tailings in vanadium extraction or (with) other be rich in the period 4 transition metal industrial residue or (with) be rich in the period 4 transition metal metalliferous mineral or (with) be rich in the compound and the conventional ceramic raw material of period 4 transition metal, with method moulding such as the vacuum extruding machine extrude, drying, it is the ceramic porous plate of solid netted black porcelain that sintering is made integral black or top layer black or top layer, the pottery ventilating hole plate, the pottery hollow sheeting, the porous ceramics telescopic lap splice, the telescopic lap splice of single hole pottery, the pottery turnover mouth of pipe, the pottery end plate, bring the ceramic end plate of outlet spout into, a big mouth of pipe ceramic end plate, big mouth of pipe ceramic jacket connects end plate etc., ceramic joint also can adopt the goods of black silicon rubber product or other ageing-resistant made to replace with the end plate of bringing outlet into, described goods can be used sintering, glued joint, socket, methods such as combination form ceramic solar plate, the major path ceramic solar plate, major path combined type ceramic solar plate etc., solar plate combined with thermal insulating material and transparent cover plate then becomes ceramic solar board heat collector, the both sides of heat collector and various supporters can be installed all around are beneficial to the installation of solar thermal collector, check, maintenance.
Ceramic solar ventiduct electricity generating device: ceramic solar board heat collector grouping is installed in slope under endroit and the hillside, grouping up and down, the some files of every component, heat collector in ceramic solar board heat collector file head and the tail up and down communicates, end opening communicates with air intake pipe, suitable for readingly communicate with the hot blast by-path, air intake pipe all becomes certain inclination angle with the hot blast by-path with horizontal plane, airflow direction from bottom to top, the air intake pipe end opening opens wide, sealing suitable for reading, the sealing of hot blast by-path end opening, suitable for reading and total air channel communicates, and air enters heat collector from the air intake pipe end opening and is upwards entered total air channel through the hot blast by-path by the sunlight heating, from the discharge suitable for reading of total air channel, air intake pipe inlet forms negative pressure, and total ducting outlet place forms malleation, in air intake pipe inlet and total ducting outlet place air turbine is installed, air forms air-flow under pressure difference, promote turbine and drive generator for electricity generation.
Described ceramic solar plate is divided into ceramic hollow sheeting, ceramic ventilating hole plate, ceramic half ventilating hole plate, ceramic porous plate.
Described ceramic solar board heat collector is divided into ceramic hollow sheeting heat collector, ceramic ventilating hole plate heat collector, ceramic half ventilating hole plate heat collector, ceramic porous board heat collector, the hollow sheeting heat collector is bottom and all around in conjunction with the heat collector of thermal-protective material, ventilating hole plate, half ventilating hole plate, porous slab heat collector be bottom and both sides in conjunction with the heat collector of thermal-protective material, the heat collector top covers transparent cover plate.
Described ceramic solar board heat collector file is communicated and forms according to flow direction series connection, head and the tail by ceramic solar board heat collector.
Described ceramic solar board heat collector file is communicated and forms according to flow direction series connection, head and the tail by ceramic solar plate, and solar plate bottom or bottom and both sides are laid thermal-protective material in advance, and the top covers transparent cover plate.
Described total air channel is leaned on mountain shape and is built, and height difference is 200～3000m between total ducting outlet and the minimum import of air intake pipe.
Described total air channel and hot blast by-path are insulation pipes.
The length of described ceramic solar board heat collector file is 5～100m.
Described ceramic solar ventiduct removes the turbo machine of air intake pipe and air intake pipe inlet, in total air channel and hot blast by-path turbo machine is being installed step by step.
(4) description of drawings
Describe characteristics of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 represents the ceramic porous solar plate in the ceramic solar plate, ceramic through hole solar plate, ceramic hollow solar plate and brings the end plate of outlet spout into.
Fig. 2 represents ceramic hollow solar board heat collector and Placement thereof.
Fig. 3 represents to connect end plate by a big mouth of pipe ceramic end plate, ceramic through hole solar plate, porous ceramics telescopic lap splice, ceramic porous solar plate, the telescopic lap splice of single hole pottery, big mouth of pipe ceramic jacket, through the major path combined type ceramic solar plate column that splicing forms, thermal-protective material is laid in bottom or bottom and both sides, the top covers transparent cover plate then becomes the ceramic solar board heat collector file.
Fig. 4 represents to connect end plate, ceramic half through hole solar plate, the elasticity zone circle of ageing-resistant flexible material manufacturing, the ceramic porous solar plate major path combined type ceramic solar plate column through being socketed to form by the big mouth of pipe elastic sleeve of ageing-resistant flexible material manufacturing, and thermal-protective material is laid in bottom or bottom and both sides, the top covers transparent cover plate then becomes the ceramic solar board heat collector file.
Fig. 5 represents air intake pipe, ceramic solar board heat collector file, hot blast by-path, the annexation between total air channel and the mounting point of air turbine of ceramic solar ventiduct, the ceramic solar board heat collector file that this figure represents with ceramic hollow solar board heat collector connect up and down, head and the tail communicate composition.
Fig. 6 represents that ceramic solar ventiduct is close to the mountain and leans on the slope and build, and expression air intake pipe, hot blast by-path, total air channel be position and annexation separately, and this figure has omitted the ceramic solar board heat collector file between air intake pipe and the hot blast by-path.
Among the figure:
1---ceramic porous solar panel 2---ceramic through hole solar panel 3------ceramic hollow solar panel 5---the ceramic hollow solar board heat collector 6 that forms, not yet installs transparent cover plate by ceramic hollow solar panel and heat-barrier material---ageing-resistant flexible interface and stainless steel pipe collar 7---adhesive material a 8---large mouth of pipe ceramic end plate 9---porous ceramics telescopic lap splice 10---single hole pottery telescopic lap splice 11---large mouth of pipe ceramic jacket connects end plate 12---the large mouth of pipe resilient sleeve of ageing-resistant flexible material manufacturing connects end plate 13---ceramic half through hole solar panel 14---the elasticity zone circle 15 that ageing-resistant flexible material is made---blast pipe 16---ceramic solar board heat collector file 17---hot blast by-path 18---total air channel 19---air outlet air turbine generating set 20---the air inlet air turbine generating set of bringing the ceramic end plate 4 of outlet spout into
(5) specific embodiments
Embodiment
1. on abundant regional deserted mountain of sunlight and the barren beach under the deserted mountain, build ceramic solar ventiduct, total air channel from the top, mountain peak forward Yang Shanpo extend on the barren beach, barren beach is to mountain peak overhead height difference 1500m, total air channel is built in vertical and 5 kilometers of top, inclination hillside length overalls, build 5 kilometers of the barren beach top length of substantially flat in, 10 kilometers of total air channel length overalls, make total air channel inclination 0.5～2 degree of building on the barren beach, total ducting outlet section diameter maximum, be 160m, progressively attenuate downwards, total both sides, air channel connect the hot blast by-path every 50 meters, be installed into airduct, each long 5 kilometers, the hot blast by-path is the highest with total joint, air channel, tail end is downward-sloping, 0.1～2 degree tilts, hot blast by-path and total joint, air channel diameter 8m, progressively attenuate downwards, air intake pipe is built in parallel below at a distance of 50m with the hot blast by-path, both length, the inclination angle is approximate, the thickest section diameter 6m of air intake pipe, the ceramic solar board heat collector file is installed between hot blast by-path and air intake pipe, is higher than the air intake pipe place with hot blast by-path joining portion, inclination 0.1-2 degree, the ceramic solar board heat collector file that adopts the major path as Fig. 4 to be flexible coupling, promptly adopt the big mouth of pipe elastic sleeve of silicone rubber manufacturing to connect end plate, the elasticity zone circle, pottery half ventilating hole plate, ceramic porous plate, ceramic half ventilating hole plate, porous slab length 1.5m, width 700mm, total thickness 30mm, wall thickness 3mm is a matrix with the conventional ceramic, the solid netted vanadium-titanium black ceramic sunlight absorbing layer of surface recombination.
2. as embodiment's 1 described ceramic solar ventiduct, wherein arch structure are all adopted in air intake pipe, hot blast by-path, total air channel, and adopting as shown in Figure 3, major path glueds joint the ceramic solar board heat collector file.
3. as embodiment's 1 described ceramic solar ventiduct, wherein double-deck inflation structure is adopted in air intake pipe, hot blast by-path, total air channel.
4. as embodiment's 1 described ceramic solar ventiduct, wherein adopt with heat air pressure from the moulding structure in air intake pipe, hot blast by-path, total air channel.
5. as embodiment's 1 described ceramic solar ventiduct, remove the turbo machine of air intake pipe and air intake pipe inlet, in total air channel and hot blast by-path, turbo machine is installed step by step.
Claims (5)
1. ceramic solar ventiduct, it is characterized in that, be rich in the industrial residue of period 4 transition metal and/or the compound and the conventional ceramic raw material that are rich in the metalliferous mineral of period 4 transition metal and/or are rich in the period 4 transition metal are raw material with tailings in vanadium extraction and/or other, with vacuum extruding machine extrusion forming is one of forming method, drying, sintering is made the ceramic products of integral black or top layer black, described ceramic products is ceramic ventilating hole plate, the pottery telescopic lap splice, the pottery end plate, with the method formation ceramic solar plate of above-mentioned ceramic products with combination, with the above-mentioned ceramic solar plate formation ceramic solar board heat collector that combines with thermal insulating material and transparent cover plate, ceramic solar board heat collector grouping is installed in slope under endroit and the hillside, grouping up and down, the some files of every component, ceramic solar board heat collector in the file is communicated up and down from beginning to end, end opening communicates with air intake pipe, suitable for readingly communicate with the hot blast by-path, air intake pipe all becomes certain inclination angle with the hot blast by-path with horizontal plane, the air intake pipe end opening opens wide, sealing suitable for reading, the sealing of hot blast by-path end opening, suitable for reading and total air channel communicates, and forms ceramic solar ventiduct thus.
2. ceramic solar ventiduct according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned ceramic telescopic lap splice adopts the goods of black silicon rubber product or other ageing-resistant made to replace.
3. ceramic solar ventiduct according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described ceramic solar plate is that the top layer is that solid netted black porcelain, matrix are the vertical netty composite ceramic solar plate of black ceramic of conventional ceramic.
4. ceramic solar ventiduct according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described ceramic solar plate is that the top layer is that solid netted vanadium-titanium black ceramic, matrix are the solid netted vanadium-titanium black ceramic composite ceramic solar panels of conventional ceramic.
5. ceramic solar ventiduct electricity generating device, comprise each described ceramic solar ventiduct of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, air turbine is installed in air intake pipe inlet and total ducting outlet place, air forms air-flow under pressure difference, promote turbine and drive generator for electricity generation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009101607519A CN101634274B (en) | 2007-03-22 | 2007-03-22 | Black enamel composite ceramic solar plate and solar windhole |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101607519A CN101634274B (en) | 2007-03-22 | 2007-03-22 | Black enamel composite ceramic solar plate and solar windhole |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100140083A Division CN101270725B (en) | 2006-05-25 | 2007-03-22 | Ceramic solar ventiduct |
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| CN101634274A CN101634274A (en) | 2010-01-27 |
| CN101634274B true CN101634274B (en) | 2011-03-30 |
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| CN2009101607519A Expired - Fee Related CN101634274B (en) | 2007-03-22 | 2007-03-22 | Black enamel composite ceramic solar plate and solar windhole |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4452046A (en) * | 1980-07-24 | 1984-06-05 | Zapata Martinez Valentin | System for the obtaining of energy by fluid flows resembling a natural cyclone or anti-cyclone |
| CN86103616A (en) * | 1986-05-20 | 1987-12-02 | 山东省新材料研究所 | Integral black ceramic solar energy collector |
| CN1221855A (en) * | 1998-01-01 | 1999-07-07 | 赵松奇 | Hillside solar greenhouse wind-making generating system |
| CN1291683A (en) * | 2000-09-30 | 2001-04-18 | 张朋心 | Strong and stable wind-driven mechanism and its application |
-
2007
- 2007-03-22 CN CN2009101607519A patent/CN101634274B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4452046A (en) * | 1980-07-24 | 1984-06-05 | Zapata Martinez Valentin | System for the obtaining of energy by fluid flows resembling a natural cyclone or anti-cyclone |
| CN86103616A (en) * | 1986-05-20 | 1987-12-02 | 山东省新材料研究所 | Integral black ceramic solar energy collector |
| CN1221855A (en) * | 1998-01-01 | 1999-07-07 | 赵松奇 | Hillside solar greenhouse wind-making generating system |
| CN1291683A (en) * | 2000-09-30 | 2001-04-18 | 张朋心 | Strong and stable wind-driven mechanism and its application |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开2002-266749A 2002.09.18 |
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| CN101634274A (en) | 2010-01-27 |
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