CN101634238A - Temperature-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Temperature-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101634238A CN101634238A CN200910144742A CN200910144742A CN101634238A CN 101634238 A CN101634238 A CN 101634238A CN 200910144742 A CN200910144742 A CN 200910144742A CN 200910144742 A CN200910144742 A CN 200910144742A CN 101634238 A CN101634238 A CN 101634238A
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- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008041 oiling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005421 electrostatic potential Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000421 cerium(III) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxolanthaniooxy)lanthanum Chemical compound O=[La]O[La]=O KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004610 Internal Lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012174 chinese wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004482 other powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001138 tear Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a temperature-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy and a manufacturing method thereof. The valve seat comprises the following chemical compounds by weight percent: 0 to 0.5 percent of nickel, 0.5 to 2 percent of carbon, 3 to 5 percent of chrome, 4 to 6 percent of molybdenum, 5 to 7 percent of tungsten, 1 to 3 percent of barium, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of rare-earth, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of lubricant, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of caking agent and the balance of reduction Fe powder. The rare earth selects from rare earth Ce, La and Y, or a mixture of two or more than two of the Ce, the La and the Y, or rare earth oxide Ce2O3, La2O3 and Y2O3. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of burdening mixing, die wall lubricating, temperature-pressure molding, sintering infiltrating, heat treating, and the like. The compressibility and formability of the valve seat are good, green bodies do not have lamination crack, sintered body density reaches 7.4 to 7.5 g/cm<3>, the manufacturing method is concise, a large number of mechanical machining time is saved, materials are saved, the production cost is reduced by more than 30 percent, the tissue is uniform, the density is high, the hardness after heat treatment can reach HRC 41-48, test speed n of an endurable bench equals to 2000r/min, electric heating is carried out when the temperature is 700 DEG C, and the deflection of the valve is less than 0.35 mm after 1000 hours.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of valve seat and manufacture method thereof, specifically is a kind of rare-earth iron-based powder metallurgy engine valve seat and manufacture method thereof of containing.
Technical field
Valve and valve seat are one of important friction pairs of motor, and the function of valve seat is the discharge of control the entering of combustion gas, waste gas; Bear hot environment and be subjected to impact, the wearing and tearing of valve; And effects such as the erosion of inlet and outlet stream, oxidation, promptly when high temperature is on active service, not only to bear high temperature impact, also be subjected to the corrosion of waste gas simultaneously, very easily produce wearing and tearing, distortion, scaling loss even fracture failure.What use for requirement on environmental protection at present is unleaded gas, has lost the lubrication effect of plumbousization thing, has aggravated the premature wear of valve seat, and the valve seat especially operating conditions of exhaust valve seat is more abominable.The service life of valve and air valve seat ring and reliability have determined service behaviour, service life and the output power of motor to a certain extent.Valve seat is one of motor quick-wear part, excessive, the poor air-tightness of valve deflection when its normal failure mode is serious wear, and its quality and performance have directly influenced oil consumption, power, efficient, the working life of motor.
In order to improve the working life of valve seat and motor, except engine structure is optimized the design, another important approach is reasonably to adjust the Chemical composition of Materials for Valve Seat, optimizes and makes and heat treatment process, to reach the best fit of Chemical composition and manufacturing process.Selecting for use mainly of Materials for Valve Seat is relevant with the operating mode of motor, size, the type of cooling, fuel etc., Materials for Valve Seat commonly used comprises casting alloy, powder metallurgy and forged steel goods three classes, compare with the casting alloy valve seat, powder metallurgy valve seat has less, does not have cutting, stock utilization height, design freedom and satisfies advantages such as all kinds of engine valve seat performance characteristic requirement greatly and easily, powder metallurgy valve seat has been subjected to higher attention in recent years, and many new technologies have appearred, as warm-pressing formation, die wall lubrication etc.
Alloying process is one of effective way of significantly improving the iron-base powder metallurgy material performance.Warm-pressing technology is to adopt once compacting/once sintered technology to make high density, high-strength powder metallurgical constitutional detail one new technology cheaply, has obtained practical application in powdered metal parts such as gear, connecting rod.The die wall lubrication method can reduce the quantity of sneaking into internal lubricant, improves the density of powdered metal parts, improves its physics, mechanical property.Die wall lubrication and warm-pressing technology are combined, can make green density greater than 7.5g/cm
3, the density profile of gained is more evenly, the loss of ejection pressure and grinding tool is littler, and it is an important development direction of warm-pressing technology.Combination with alloyage (rare earth modified), temperature and pressure, three kinds of technology of die wall lubrication, not only overcome in the prior powder metallurgy technology because of defectives such as the not high intensity that causes of density, toughness deficiencies, can also significantly improve high-temperature behavior, oxidative stability, wear resistance and the fatigue strength etc. of powdered metal parts.
Application for a patent for invention 1 (publication number CN 1273892A) discloses a kind of manufacture method of high-density powder metallurgy valve seat, the pre-alloyed powder that contains combined carbon that adopts the water atomization method to produce, and powder particle size is less than 0.154mm.Pre-alloyed powder is about to carbon and adds in the alloy when powder by atomization, make the iron-based that contains combined carbon and give alloy powder, and its concrete chemical composition is that (weight percentage %) is: C1.0-2.0, Mo2.5-3.5, Ni1.6-2.6, Co9.5-10.5, Mn＜0.5, repressed, sintering makes the presintering base.Presintering base impregnated graphite alcoholic solution is placed in the oven heats, put into again and be preheated to 200-300 ℃ mould, under austenite+cementite structural state, carry out hot re-pressing, make the automotive engine valves seat.Its density reaches 7.5g/cm
2More than, hardness reaches more than the HRC30, and not only antiwear heat resisting but also shock-resistant is fit to the delivery temperature height, uses lead-free fuel even does not have the working environment of the exhaust valve seat for automobile engine of hydraulic pressure tappet.Bimetal iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy in the disclosed a kind of vapour of application for a patent for invention 2 (publication number CN 1105304A), the diesel engine cylinder cap is by the material compression moulding of iron-based powder A and two kinds of different components of iron-based powder B, forms through sintering.The consisting of of powders A (weight percentage, %): C0.7-1.6; Ni0.8-2.7; Cr2.0-4.5; W0.5-1.0; Co4.0-9.0; Mo1.0-5.0; Sulphur 0.1-0.6; Zine stearate 0.1-0.9; Machine oil 0.2-0.4; All the other are Fe, and the consisting of of powder B (weight, %): C0.3-1.2; Cr13-22; Ni10-14; Mo1.3-2.7; W0.5-1.0; Sulphur 0.1-0.6; Zine stearate 0.1-0.9; Machine oil 0.2-0.4; All the other are Fe.Two kinds of powder are respectively hung oneself after the V-Mixer mixing, powders A places in the mould earlier, quantitative powder B places on the powders A, compression moulding, and under 1000-1360 ℃ in powder metallurgy sintering furnace sintering, technological process is: two kinds of powder prepare burden respectively, mix → place in order in the mould → compression moulding → sintering → machining (or not processing) → heat treatment → mill processing → immersion oil → check → warehouse-in.It is good that gained metal powder powder metallurgical valve seat has the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant performance, do not ftracture intensity height, long service life, low cost and other advantages.Application for a patent for invention 3 (publication number CN 1603580A) discloses a kind of water-cooled dual-fuel three-wheel, four-wheeled motorcycle engine suction valve cone, pedestal is the circular cylinder shape, one end of endoporus is a cone shape hole, promptly seal surface layer and the axial sintering of bottom forms by two-layer ferrous metals powder bed, wherein the composition of bottom and mass percent (%) are: C0.9-1.4, Cr0.3-1.0, Cu1.0-2.0, surplus is Fe; The composition and the mass percent (%) of sealing surface layer are: C0.9-1.4, and Cr3.0-5.0, Mo3.5-4.5, Cu8.0-12.0, Ni1.0-2.5, Co3.0-6.0, surplus is Fe.Compare with the suction valve cone of the single ferrous metals powder bed of tradition, the heat resistance of this valve seat, wear resistance, corrosion resistance all increase, and effectively solve the problem of suction valve cone split cracking, have prolonged the working life of suction valve cone.Authorize patent of invention 4 (notice of authorization CN 1120291C) to announce a kind of composite powder metallurgy material engine valve guide, its top or top skin are made of material B, and all the other partly are made of materials A.(%) is as follows for the component of materials A and mass percent thereof: Cu 0.5-2, and Ni 1-3, Mo 0.5-1, C 0.5-1, NbC5-12, P 0.3-0.6, all the other are Fe and inevitable microimpurity; (%) is as follows for the component of material B and mass percent thereof: Cu2-4, and Ni2-4, Mo1-2, C0.5-1.5, NbC10-20, P0.3-0.6%, all the other are Fe and inevitable microimpurity.Two kinds of dusty materials are crossed 100 mesh sieves, do on two-dimentional batch mixer then and mix 30-80 minute; With dusty material A filling in valve guide cavity impression, then at valve guide top or top skin cloth dusty material B, under 130 ℃-150 ℃ with the pressure warm-pressing formation of 550-700MPa; With valve guide green compact sintering on four sections high temperature sintering furnaces of compound molding, place downwards at valve guide top, 1-2 hour high temperature sintering time, push away 20-25 minute/boat of boat speed, and the temperature of each section of sintering furnace is: 300 ℃-400 ℃ of I sections; 700 ℃-800 ℃ of II sections; 1250 ℃-1300 ℃ of III sections; 650 ℃-800 ℃ of IV sections.Obtain its top of valve guide hardness 55-63HRC of composite powder metallurgy material, remaining part hardness HRC25-45, σ
b=800-900MPa, δ=2.0-3.0%.Adopt one time compacting sintering, do not need to improve intensity and hardness by heat treatment, it is about more than 30% to reduce production costs.Through 500 hours stand certification tests, these composite powder metallurgy material valve guide top wearing and tearing approached zero, and wear resistance improves 50-100 doubly than 12CrNi3A steel.Document 1 (new material industry; 2007; (1): 59-67) discussed manufacturing process---temperature and pressure and die wall lubrication technology and process parameter that the high-density powder metallurgy parts most probable adopts; the coating time of adopting charged Dry-powder Lubricant spraying to carry out die wall lubrication is about 0.5s; usually the oiling agent that is mixed in the iron(-)base powder can be reduced to 0.05%-0.2 5% (mass fraction) from 0.75%; ejection pressure is not higher than the mixed powder that adds 0.75% Chinese wax simultaneously, at the height of 620MPa compacted under.When die wall lubrication combines with temperature and pressure, under conditions of manufacture, green density can be increased to 7.30g/cm
3Document 2 (means of a powder metallurgy technique, 2007,25 (2): 27-31) studied die wall lubrication temperature and pressure Fe-2Ni-2Cu-1Mo-1C material sintering behavior under different temperature and different time, the teflon emulsion lubrication is adopted in die wall lubrication, the temperature and pressure temperature is 120-125 ℃, pressure 700MPa, the green density of die wall lubrication temperature and pressure is 7.38g/cm
3, sintering carries out in high temperature molybdenum-wound furnace.The sintered density of die wall lubrication temperature and pressure Fe-2Ni-2Cu-1Mo-1C material raises to increase afterwards earlier with sintering temperature and reduces, and the sintering grow variation tendency is just opposite; Sintered density is along with the prolongation decline earlier of sintering time improves subsequently gradually, and the sintered dimensions variation tendency is just opposite, and sintered density is at 7.30-7.35g/cm
3The interior variation.Being combined with of die wall lubrication and temperature and pressure is beneficial to green density and the mechanical property that improves material, and tensile strength and elongation percentage increase along with the rising (prolongation) of sintering temperature (sintering time).
Application for a patent for invention 1 is to adopt the ordinary powder metallurgical method to make engine valve seat, and application for a patent for invention 2 and 3 is about metal powder powder metallurgical valve seat material and prior powder metallurgy preparation process flow process, non-die wall lubrication-warm-pressing technology.And, all there are problems such as cost is higher, compactness is undesirable, corrosion resistance difference to some extent.Authorizing 4 of patent of invention is about the valve guide of material, the requirement composite powder metallurgy material different with valve seat.Document 1 has been summarized technology and the parameter of making high-density powder metallurgy parts with temperature and pressure and die wall lubrication technology; Document 2 research be the sintering behaviors of die wall lubrication temperature and pressure to specific Fe-2Ni-2Cu-1Mo-1C material, be not the engine valve seat that requires at specific materials, operating conditions, performance and preparation process.And, all do not contain rare earth elements in the chemical composition of above-mentioned powder metallurgy valve seat and other part, no rare earth modified content.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of temperature and pressure-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy and manufacture method thereof, describedly contain rare-earth iron-based powder metallurgy engine valve seat and have features such as wear-resistant, anti-oxidant, resistant to elevated temperatures, and manufacture method is simple, easy to operate.
Technological scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of temperature and pressure-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy, it is characterized in that: the chemical composition of described valve seat includes by mass percentage: nickel 0-0.5, carbon 0.5-2.0, chromium 3-5, molybdenum 4-6, tungsten 5-7, barium 1-3, rare earth 0.1-0.2, oiling agent 0.15-0.25, Bond 0.15-0.25, all the other are reduction Fe powder.
Describedly contain rare-earth iron-based powder metallurgy engine valve seat, it is characterized in that: described rare earth is selected rare earth metal Ce, La, Y or wherein two or more mixture, perhaps rare earth oxide Ce for use
2O
3, La
2O
3, Y
2O
3Or two or more mixture wherein; Described oiling agent is selected lubricant oil for use; Described Bond is selected PVP for use.
Describedly contain rare-earth iron-based powder metallurgy engine valve seat, it is characterized in that: the chemical composition of described reduction Fe powder includes by mass percentage: iron greater than 99%, carbon less than 0.02%, oxygen less than 0.20%, acid non-soluble substance is less than 0.20%, the pine dress is than being 3.0-3.2g/cm
3
The manufacture method of described temperature and pressure-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1), according to the requirement of the chemical component of air valve seat ring, iron(-)base powder is crossed 100 purposes sieves, will sieve the back granularity then and mix less than 100 purpose iron(-)base powders, oiling agent and Bond, incorporation time is 30-80 minute;
(2), in the valve seat cavity impression, carry out die wall lubrication with the electrostatic die wall lubrication device;
(3), warm compaction molding is carried out in the raw material components filling that mixes in the valve seat cavity impression, the valve seat green compact, the temperature of warm compaction molding is 130-150 ℃, pressure is 500-900MPa;
(4), valve seat green compact and copper sheet after the moulding are put into push rod furnace, sintering valve seat green compact use the copper sheet infiltration under the shielding gas atmosphere of hydrogen, are incubated 1-2 hour then, and the sintering and infiltration temperature is 1100-1220 ℃, and the time is 1-2h;
(5), the valve seat after sintering and infiltration finished places chamber oven, is heated to 865-875 ℃, is incubated 20-40 minute, oil quenching is heated to 245-255 ℃ again to room temperature then, is incubated 50-70 minute, static cooling, finished product.
The manufacture method of described temperature and pressure-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy is characterized in that: the electrostatic potential of described electrostatic die wall lubrication device is controlled at below the 10KV; In the push rod furnace, during sintering and infiltration, described copper sheet is positioned on the working surface of valve seat green compact, and the sectional dimension of copper sheet equates with the working surface size of valve seat green compact.
Lubricant oil adopts Japanese loose village lubricant oil MR100.
The valve seat that obtains with the prior powder metallurgy technology that does not contain rare earth, casting alloy valve seat etc. are compared, and beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, rare earth has effects such as crystal grain thinning, acceleration of sintering, solution strengthening, change carbide morphology, raising wear resistance; Can also form rare earth compound with oxygen, sulphur, reduce slag inclusion the powder metallurgy valve seat mechanical property adverse effect of impact toughness particularly;
2, the present invention has adopted temperature and pressure-die wall lubrication technology, and sintered density reaches 7.4-7.5g/cm
3, obtained to have high performance engine valve seat, guaranteed that valve seat has high intensity, hardness and wear resistance;
3, manufacture method is simple, saves a large amount of machining man-hours, economical with materials, and it is about more than 30% to reduce production costs;
4,, the performances such as intensity, hardness and wear resistance of valve seat have been improved by heat treatment;
5, valve seat of the present invention, tensile strength 739MPa, impact toughness 10.4J/cm
2, its working surface hardness is 40-50HRC after the heat treatment, and every difference of hardness is less than 3HRC, and the wear-resisting stand certification test through 1000 hours weares and teares and approaches zero, and wear resistance improves 2-5 doubly than prior powder metallurgy valve seat;
6, hardness can reach HRC41-48 after the heat treatment, wear-resisting platform experiment rotation speed n=2000r/min, temperature is 700 ℃ of electric heating, the valve deflection is less than 0.35mm after 1000 hours, therefore, compare with no rare earth powder metallurgy valve seat and other powder metallurgical technique, valve seat of the present invention has excellent high compactness, high wear resistance and mechanical behavior under high temperature.
The hardness of powder metallurgy valve seat
| Test point | ????1 | ????2 | ????3 | ????4 | ????5 |
| No rare earth powder metallurgy valve seat | ????36.0 | ????42.0 | ????37.8 | ????39.5 | ????35.7 |
| Of the present inventionly contain rare-earth iron-based powder metallurgy valve seat | ????39.0 | ????39.5 | ????40.0 | ????39.5 | ????38.5 |
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of chemical composition of temperature and pressure-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy includes by weight percentage: nickel 0-0.5, carbon 0.5-2.0%, chromium 3-5, molybdenum 4-6, tungsten 5-7%, barium 1-3%, mishmetal (Ce+La) 0.1%, oiling agent 0.15-0.25%, Bond 0.15-0.25%, all the other are reduction Fe powder.
The manufacture method of temperature and pressure-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy:
(1), by the chemical component requirement of air valve seat ring, iron(-)base powder being crossed 100 purposes of GB6003 regulation sieves, to sieve the back granularity then and mix on two-dimentional batch mixer less than 100 purpose iron(-)base powders, oiling agent and Bond, incorporation time is 40 minutes;
(2), in the valve seat cavity impression, carry out die wall lubrication with the electrostatic die wall lubrication device;
(3), warm compaction molding is carried out in mixed raw material filling in the valve seat cavity impression, the valve seat blank, the electrostatic potential of electrostatic die wall lubrication device is controlled at below the 10KV, the temperature of warm compaction molding is 130 ℃, pressure is 600MPa;
(4), valve seat blank after the moulding and copper sheet are put into 6 warm area push rod furnace, sintering valve seat green compact use the copper sheet infiltration under the shielding gas atmosphere of hydrogen, are incubated 1.5 hours then, and the sintering and infiltration temperature is 1100-1220 ℃, and the time is 1h;
(5), the valve seat blank after sintering and infiltration finished places chamber oven, is heated to 870 ℃, is incubated 30 minutes, oil quenching is heated to 250 ℃ again to room temperature then, is incubated 60 minutes, static cooling, finished product.
Hardness can reach HRC42-45 after the heat treatment, wear-resisting platform experiment rotation speed n=2000r/min, and temperature is 700 ℃ of electric heating, the valve deflection is 0.3mm after 1000 hours.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of chemical composition of temperature and pressure-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy includes by weight percentage: nickel 0-0.5, carbon 0.5-2.0%, chromium 3-5, molybdenum 4-6, tungsten 5-7%, barium 1-3%, rare earth metal y 0.15%, oiling agent 0.15-0.25%, Bond 0.15-0.25%, all the other are reduction Fe powder.
Manufacture method is with embodiment 1.
Hardness can reach HRC42-48 after the heat treatment, wear-resisting platform experiment rotation speed n=2000r/min, and temperature is 700 ℃ of electric heating, the valve deflection is 0.32mm after 1000 hours.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of chemical composition of temperature and pressure-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy includes by weight percentage: nickel 0-0.5, carbon 0.5-2.0%, chromium 3-5, molybdenum 4-6, tungsten 5-7%, barium 1-3%, rare earth oxide La
2O
30.2%, oiling agent 0.15-0.25%, Bond 0.15-0.25%, all the other are reduction Fe powder.
Manufacture method is with embodiment 1.
Hardness can reach HRC41-48 after the heat treatment, wear-resisting platform experiment rotation speed n=2000r/min, and temperature is 700 ℃ of electric heating, the valve deflection is 0.35mm after 1000 hours.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of temperature and pressure-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy, it is characterized in that: the chemical composition of described valve seat includes by mass percentage: nickel 0-0.5, carbon 0.5-2.0, chromium 3-5, molybdenum 4-6, tungsten 5-7, barium 1-3, rare earth 0.1-0.2, oiling agent 0.15-0.25, Bond 0.15-0.25, all the other are reduction Fe powder.
2, temperature and pressure-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rare earth is selected rare earth metal Ce, La, Y or wherein two or more mixture, perhaps rare earth oxide Ce for use
2O
3, La
2O
3, Y
2O
3Or two or more mixture wherein; Described oiling agent is selected lubricant oil for use; Described Bond is selected PVP for use.
3, temperature and pressure-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the chemical composition of described reduction Fe powder includes by mass percentage: iron greater than 99%, carbon less than 0.02%, oxygen less than 0.20%, acid non-soluble substance is less than 0.20%, the pine dress is than being 3.0-3.2g/cm
3
4, the manufacture method of temperature and pressure-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1), according to the requirement of the chemical component of air valve seat ring, iron(-)base powder is crossed 100 purposes sieves, will sieve the back granularity then and mix less than 100 purpose iron(-)base powders, oiling agent and Bond, incorporation time is 30-80 minute;
(2), in the valve seat cavity impression, carry out die wall lubrication with the electrostatic die wall lubrication device;
(3), warm compaction molding is carried out in the raw material components filling that mixes in the valve seat cavity impression, the valve seat green compact, the temperature of warm compaction molding is 130-150 ℃, pressure is 500-900MPa;
(4), valve seat green compact and copper sheet after the moulding are put into push rod furnace, sintering valve seat green compact use the copper sheet infiltration under the shielding gas atmosphere of hydrogen, are incubated 1-2 hour then, and the sintering and infiltration temperature is 1100-1220 ℃, and the time is 1-2h;
(5), the valve seat after sintering and infiltration finished places chamber oven, is heated to 865-875 ℃, is incubated 20-40 minute, oil quenching is heated to 245-255 ℃ again to room temperature then, is incubated 50-70 minute, static cooling, finished product.
5, the manufacture method of temperature and pressure-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the electrostatic potential of described electrostatic die wall lubrication device is controlled at below the 10KV; In the push rod furnace, during sintering and infiltration, described copper sheet is positioned on the working surface of valve seat green compact, and the sectional dimension of copper sheet equates with the working surface size of valve seat green compact.
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| CN2009101447420A CN101634238B (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2009-08-31 | Temperature-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy and manufacturing method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101447420A CN101634238B (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2009-08-31 | Temperature-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy and manufacturing method thereof |
Publications (2)
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| CN101634238A true CN101634238A (en) | 2010-01-27 |
| CN101634238B CN101634238B (en) | 2011-09-14 |
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Denomination of invention: Temperature-pressure-die wall lubrication valve seat containing rare earth powder metallurgy and manufacturing method thereof Effective date of registration: 20191203 Granted publication date: 20110914 Pledgee: Huizhou bank, Limited by Share Ltd, Tongcheng branch, Anqing branch Pledgor: Anhui Jinyi new materials Limited by Share Ltd Registration number: Y2019980000830 |
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