CN101630908A - Power supply device, over voltage protection unit thereof and over voltage protection method thereof - Google Patents
Power supply device, over voltage protection unit thereof and over voltage protection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101630908A CN101630908A CN200810133854A CN200810133854A CN101630908A CN 101630908 A CN101630908 A CN 101630908A CN 200810133854 A CN200810133854 A CN 200810133854A CN 200810133854 A CN200810133854 A CN 200810133854A CN 101630908 A CN101630908 A CN 101630908A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power supply device, an over voltage protection unit thereof and an over voltage protection method thereof. Because the over voltage protection unit is adopted to monitor core electric energy, when a voltage level of the core electric energy is higher than that of a reference voltage, the over voltage protection unit forbids the energy of the power supply device, so damages caused by an abnormal increase in the voltage level of the core electric energy to a capacitor or a load of a conversion unit can be avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of overvoltage protection unit and method thereof, and particularly relevant for the overvoltage protection unit and the method thereof that are applied in power supply device.
Background technology
General in the design of consumption electronic products, cause the damage of electronic product for fear of electronic product because of the input of incorrect power supply, standing meter overvoltage protection (Over Voltage Protection) unit is with the protection electronic product.
For example Figure 1 shows that the excess voltage protection Organization Chart of known a kind of load.Fig. 1 can be divided into overvoltage protection unit 10, converting unit 20, CPU 30 (Central Processing Unit is called for short CPU) and power-supply unit 40 4 major parts.Wherein overvoltage protection unit 10 has comprised digital analog converter 101 and comparator 102.Converting unit 20 has comprised PWM controller (PulseWidth Modulation Controller) 103, driver 104 and reduction voltage circuit 50.Reduction voltage circuit 50 comprises power transistor 105, following power transistor 106, inductance 107 and electric capacity 108 again.Power-supply unit 40 is in order to provide system power VCC and awaiting electric energy VSB.When power-supply unit 40 during by forbidden energy, keep awaiting electric energy VSB is provided, but stop supplies system power VCC.
About 1.4V～the 1.2V of operating voltage of general CPU 30, the about 12V of system power VCC that power-supply unit 40 is provided.Therefore then must be by converting unit 20 with system power VCC step-down nucleation electrocardio energy VCORE (about 1.2V) to offer CPU 30.Converting unit 20 is exactly the buck power-switching circuit (Buck Converter) in the known technology, then will not give unnecessary details at this.Cause power transistor 105 short circuits in case it should be noted that last power transistor 105 catastrophic failures of reduction voltage circuit 50, then can make system power VCC (about 12V) directly output to inductance 107 and export electric capacity 108 and CPU 30 again to.Because the withstand voltage of electric capacity 108 is below the 4V, therefore if last power transistor 105 is short-circuited, not only the quick-fried slurry of electric capacity can take place in electric capacity 108, also can cause CPU 30 to be damaged.
Hold above-mentionedly,, then core electric energy VCORE is feedback comparator 102 to overvoltage protection unit 10 in order to reach the purpose of overvoltage protection.In addition, digital analog converter 101 converts the CPU 30 digital signal VID that provides to analog signal; This analog signal produces reference voltage VREF (for example being 2V) through the adjustment of operating point voltage and inputs to another input of comparator 102.102 of comparators are in order to comparison reference voltage VREF and core electric energy VCORE.When last power transistor 105 is short-circuited when making core electric energy VCORE be higher than reference voltage VREF (2V), 102 of comparators force by PWM controller 103 and driver 104 and make down power transistor 106 conductings.During power transistor 106 conductings instantly, then can reduce the voltage of core electric energy VCORE, avoid high pressure to be directly inputted into electric capacity 108 and cause damage with CPU 30.
Yet the above-mentioned practice but can cause the serious problem of another one.When core electric energy VCORE was higher than reference voltage VREF (that is upward power transistor 105 is short-circuited), traditional overvoltage protection unit 10 can force and make down power transistor 106 conductings, causes forming short circuit between system power VCC and the ground connection GND.Therefore, transistor 105 and 106 formed conductive paths can drag down the voltage of system power VCC.When the voltage of system power VCC is lower than the operating voltage of PWM controller 103 and driver 104, can makes PWM controller 103 and the driver 104 can't operate as normal, and then can't make down power transistor 106 maintenance conductings.The not on-state of getting back to following power transistor 106 causes the voltage of core electric energy VCORE to rise once again again.In case the voltage of core electric energy VCORE is higher than reference voltage VREF, following power transistor 106 is got back to conducting state again, and core electric energy VCORE is descended once more.The generation concussion voltage that so goes round and begins again can cause very big injury to electric capacity 108 and CPU 30.
In order to solve the above problems, known technology proposes to offer with awaiting electric energy VSB the settling mode of PWM controller 103 and driver 104 in addition.Figure 2 shows that the excess voltage protection Organization Chart of known another kind of load, please refer to Fig. 2.Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 difference be, Fig. 2 is many diode 201～204.When last power transistor 105 is short-circuited when making core electric energy VCORE be higher than reference voltage VREF (2V), 102 of the comparators of traditional overvoltage protection unit 10 force by PWM controller 103 and driver 104 and make down power transistor 106 conductings.During power transistor 106 conductings instantly, then can reduce the voltage of core electric energy VCORE, avoid high pressure to be directly inputted into electric capacity 108 and cause damage with CPU 30.Force and make down power transistor 106 conducting meetings cause forming short circuit between system power VCC and the ground connection GND.Therefore, transistor 105 and 106 formed conductive paths can drag down the voltage of system power VCC.At this moment, awaiting electric energy VSB can provide PWM controller 103 and driver 104 required operational power via diode 201 and 203.Therefore, following power transistor 106 can keep conducting and avoid core electric energy VCORE to cross high pressure.
Yet the above-mentioned practice can cause the serious problem of another one also.Just power transistor 106 is under the situation of conducting state always instantly, in case during system power VCC stop supplies, the preceding energy stored of electric capacity 108 can be carried out discharging action through following power transistor 106 again via inductance 107, this discharging current is flowed through, and (Equivalent Series Resistance ESR) can produce negative pressure for the equivalent resistance of electric capacity 108.In general, CPU 30 is about-300mV for the tolerances of negative pressure.The negative pressure of above-mentioned generation but often exceeds the tolerances of CPU 30 for negative pressure, causes the damage of CPU 30.
In view of this, suitable settling mode there's no one who doesn't or isn't is eager to seek in the relevant manufacturer of motherboard, to overcome above-mentioned problem.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of power supply device, utilize the load of overvoltage protection cell protection to avoid causing damage because of overvoltage.
The invention provides a kind of overvoltage protection unit, whether provide system power to avoid load to cause damage with decision because of overvoltage or negative pressure to converting unit by comparing unit comparison reference voltage and core electric energy.
The invention provides a kind of over-voltage protection method, cause load or capacitance damage in order to avoid converting unit generation overvoltage.
The present invention proposes a kind of power supply device, comprises power-supply unit, converting unit and overvoltage protection unit.Wherein power-supply unit is in order to provide the electric energy of different voltage levels, and above-mentioned electric energy comprises awaiting electric energy and system power, and wherein when the forbidden energy power-supply unit, power-supply unit keeps awaiting electric energy is provided and stops to provide system power.Converting unit is converted to the core electric energy in order to the system power that power-supply unit is exported, with offered load.The overvoltage protection unit is coupled to power-supply unit to receive awaiting electric energy; and be coupled to the voltage level of converting unit with monitoring core electric energy; wherein when the voltage level of core electric energy is higher than reference voltage, overvoltage protection unit forbidden energy power-supply unit.
From another viewpoint, the present invention proposes a kind of overvoltage protection unit, and whether the voltage level of exporting the core electric energy in order to the monitoring converting unit is higher than reference voltage, and the overvoltage protection unit comprises reference voltage generator and comparing unit.Wherein reference voltage generator produces reference voltage in order to the foundation awaiting electric energy.Comparing unit is in order to receive and comparison reference voltage and core electric energy, and wherein whether the overvoltage protection unit determines to provide system power to converting unit according to the comparative result of comparing unit.
From another viewpoint, the present invention proposes a kind of over-voltage protection method again, and in order to avoid converting unit generation overvoltage, over-voltage protection method comprises following.Reference voltage is provided.Relatively converting unit is exported the voltage level and the reference voltage of core electric energy.Whether provide system power to converting unit according to the comparative result decision.
The present invention is because of adopting overvoltage protection unit monitors core electric energy, when the voltage level of core electric energy is higher than reference voltage, by overvoltage protection unit forbidden energy power-supply unit.Therefore can avoid unusual rising of voltage level of core electric energy to cause the electric capacity of converting unit or the damage of load.
For above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and cooperate appended graphicly, be described in detail below.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that the excess voltage protection Organization Chart of known a kind of load.
Figure 2 shows that the excess voltage protection Organization Chart of known another kind of load.
Fig. 3 is according to a kind of power supply device Organization Chart shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the Organization Chart according to a kind of overvoltage protection unit shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is during according to the concussion of a kind of analog core electric energy shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the voltage sequential chart is gone in each output of comparator.
Fig. 6 is according to a kind of over-voltage protection method flow chart shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is according to the another kind of power supply device shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is according to another power supply device shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is according to another power supply device shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In following all embodiment, when element was regarded as " connection " or " coupling " to another element, it can be direct connection or is coupled to another element, maybe may have intervenient element.Relatively, when element is regarded as " directly connecting " or is " directly coupled " to another element, then do not have intervenient element.
Fig. 3 is according to a kind of power supply device Organization Chart shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Fig. 3.Power supply device has comprised power-supply unit 41, overvoltage protection unit 11 and converting unit 21.Power-supply unit 41 is in order to provide the electric energy of different voltage levels, and power-supply unit 41 provides awaiting electric energy VSB (for example being 5V) and system power VCC (for example being 12V) in present embodiment.When power-supply unit 41 during by forbidden energy, power-supply unit 41 can keep supply awaiting electric energy VSB and stop to provide system power VCC.
The system power VCC that converting unit 21 is provided in order to reception power-supply unit 41, and convert thereof into core electric energy VCORE to offer load 31 uses.Load 31 is an example with the CPU in present embodiment.This area has knows that usually " CPU " that the knowledgeable should be known in that present embodiment is given an example only is a specific embodiment.In another embodiment, load 31 still can be used South Bridge chip, north bridge chips or the like, so the present invention should not be defined in this kind specific embodiment.Converting unit 21 has comprised PWM controller 301, driver 302 and reduction voltage circuit 51.Wherein reduction voltage circuit 51 has comprised last power transistor 303 (for example being P type MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor), following power transistor 304 (for example being N type MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor), inductance 305 and electric capacity 306.Reduction voltage circuit 51 is in order to convert system power VCC to core electric energy VCORE so that load 31 to be provided, and the core electric energy VCORE of present embodiment is example with 1.2V, and core electric energy VCORE also can change its voltage with load 31 in other embodiments.Even being higher than system power VCC when load 31 required voltages, reduction voltage circuit 51 also can make booster circuit into to provide core electric energy VCORE to load 31.302 of drivers are in order to drive reduction voltage circuit 51.301 of PWM controller are in order to adjust the pulsewidth of pulse-width modulation signal and to export to driver 302 according to core electric energy VCORE, with the voltage level by the driver 302 control reduction voltage circuit 51 core electric energy VCORE that exported.Affiliated field has knows that usually the knowledgeable can any technological means implement PWM controller 301, for example changes with arteries and veins frequency modulation (Pulse Frequency Modulation, PFM) technology or other technology implementation controller 301.
It should be noted that overvoltage protection unit 11.Overvoltage protection unit 11 has comprised comparing unit 61 and reference voltage generator 71.When unusual short circuit took place the last power transistor 303 of reduction voltage circuit 51, system power VCC can draw high the voltage of core electric energy VCORE by inductance 305.In case the voltage of core electric energy VCORE draws high above 31 voltages that can load of load (for example being 2V) from original 1.2V, then can cause the damage of load 31.In addition, because withstand voltage not high (for example being that 4V is following) of electric capacity 306 therefore if last power transistor 303 is short-circuited, can cause electric capacity 306 that the quick-fried slurry of electric capacity takes place.For avoiding said circumstances to take place, 11 of overvoltage protection unit are by comparing unit 61 monitoring core electric energy VCORE.
Hold the foregoing description, comparing unit 61 has two inputs and accepts the reference voltage VREF that core electric energy VCORE and reference voltage generator 71 are provided respectively.Whether overvoltage protection unit 11 determines forbidden energy power-supply unit 41 according to the comparative result of comparing unit 61, that is whether control power-supply unit 41 provides system power VCC.In the present embodiment, reference voltage VREF is example with 2V, but also can adjust the current potential of reference voltage VREF in other embodiment according to its demand.As core electric energy VCORE during less than reference voltage VREF, the comparative result of comparing unit 61 is a logic low potential, and 41 maintenances of power-supply unit provide system power VCC to converting unit 21.Otherwise as core electric energy VCORE during greater than reference voltage VREF, the comparative result of comparing unit 61 is a logic high potential, and 41 of power-supply units do not provide system power VCC to converting unit 21.Owing to stop to provide system power VCC to converting unit 21, so converting unit 21 just can't convert system power VCC to core electric energy VCORE, also avoided load 31 to cause damage because of overvoltage.Present embodiment is not forced control power transistor 304 conductings down by overvoltage protection unit 11 in addition.Therefore as system power VCC during, do not have negative pressure problem and produce the situation that causes load 31 damages by forbidden energy.In other words, be spirit according to the invention as long as whether provide system power VCC to converting unit 21 by overvoltage protection unit 11 decision power-supply units 41.Then then be described in detail at overvoltage protection unit 11.
Fig. 4 is according to the Organization Chart of a kind of overvoltage protection unit shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Fig. 4.Hold the foregoing description, reference voltage generator 71 receives awaiting electric energy VSB (5V), and utilizes voltage divider principle to produce reference voltage VREF (2V) with resistance 401 and resistance 402.61 of comparing units have comprised diode 403, comparator 404, breech lock resistance 405 and have drawn high resistance 406.Wherein draw high resistance 406 by the output voltage of awaiting electric energy VSB in order to lifting comparator 404.The anode of diode 403 receives core electric energy VCORE, and exports to the positive input terminal of comparator 404 by the negative electrode of diode 403, produces flow reversal conditions to prevent electric current.The negative input end of comparator 404 is then accepted reference voltage VREF.Breech lock resistance 405 two ends are connected to the positive input terminal and the output of comparator 404 respectively, the voltage of the output of comparator 404 can be feedback to the positive input terminal of comparator 404.The structure that diode 403, comparator 404, breech lock resistance 405 are formed has the breech lock function.
In other words, assumed initial state be reference voltage VREF than core electric energy VCORE height, 404 output logic electronegative potentials of comparator, so power-supply unit 41 keeps providing system power VCC to converting unit 21.In case core electric energy VCORE is than reference voltage VREF height, 404 output logic high potentials of comparator make power-supply unit 41 not provide system power VCC to converting unit 21.By breech lock resistance 405 and diode 403 with the logic high potential breech lock of comparator 404 outputs in its positive input terminal, make the output of comparator 404 can continue to remain in logic high potential.Even if therefore core electric energy VCORE makes when core electric energy VCORE is lower than reference voltage VREF because of system power VCC is descended by forbidden energy, can not cause the output of comparator 404 to transfer logic low potential to by logic high potential yet.Therefore the voltage concussion that has solved known technology center electrocardio energy VCORE causes the problem of load 31 damages.
Fig. 5 is during according to the concussion of a kind of analog core electric energy shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the voltage sequential chart is gone in each output of Fig. 4 comparator 404.Please be simultaneously with reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.In present embodiment, painstakingly provide core electric energy VCORE to give comparator 404 along with the time vibration.In case when core electric energy VCORE surpassed reference voltage VREF, the output voltage of comparator 404 then can transfer logic high potential (5V) to from logic low potential (0V).Even core electric energy VCORE descends once more when also lower than reference voltage VREF, breech lock resistance 405 and diode 403 can its breech lock functions of performance and are made the output voltage of comparator 404 still remain in logic high potential.
Fig. 6 is according to a kind of over-voltage protection method flow chart shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Please be simultaneously with reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6.The reference voltage VREF of present embodiment assumed initial state is 2V, and core electric energy VCORE is 1.2V.At first execution in step S601 provides reference voltage VREF to comparing unit 61 by reference voltage generator 71.Another input of comparing unit 61 is the core electric energy VCORE that converting unit 21 is exported.Follow execution in step S602, voltage level and the reference voltage VREF of the core electric energy VCORE that comparison converting unit 21 is exported.Whether the voltage level of then differentiating core electric energy VCORE is higher than reference voltage VREF (step S603).By above-mentioned hypothesis as can be known, the voltage level of core electric energy VCORE (1.2V) is lower than reference voltage VREF (2V).Therefore execution in step S604, power-supply unit 41 keeps providing system power VCC to converting unit 21, and gets back to the voltage level that step S603 continues monitoring core electric energy VCORE and whether be higher than reference voltage VREF.
Hold above-mentionedly, if cause short circuit because of last power transistor 303 faults this moment, core electric energy VCORE is raise when surpassing reference voltage VREF, then step S603 differentiates core electric energy VCORE and is higher than reference voltage VREF.At this moment, the output voltage of comparing unit 61 then transfers logic high potential to by logic low potential.In step S605, above-mentioned comparative result (being logic high potential) is latched among the comparing unit 61, makes the output voltage of comparing unit 61 can not be subjected to core electric energy VCORE again and influences.Because this moment, the output voltage of comparing unit 61 was a logic high potential, 41 of power-supply units that therefore are controlled by overvoltage protection unit 11 stop to provide system power VCC to converting unit 21 (step S606).The system power VCC that converting unit 21 has been lacked power end also just can't provide core electric energy VCORE to load 31 certainly.Therefore, avoided load 31 because of overvoltage causes damage, and the electric capacity 306 of converting unit 21 can not cause the quick-fried slurry of electric capacity because of overvoltage yet.
The present technique field has knows also visual its demand of the knowledgeable usually, and the teaching of spirit of the present invention and aforementioned all embodiment is applied to power supply supervision unit.For example, Fig. 7 is according to the another kind of power supply device shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Fig. 7.Power-supply unit 41, converting unit 21, overvoltage protection unit 11 are identical with the above embodiments with load 31, do not repeat them here.System's operating conditions such as electric energy output that power supply supervision unit 82 is used to provide the user to monitor power supply device, radiating fan rotation speed are provided, and when the user assigns shutdown command, are provided control interface with powered-down feeding unit 41.When the user assigned shutdown command, power supply supervision unit 82 was given the power supply activation end PSON# of power-supply unit 41 via switch 701 out-put supply enable signals, with whether activation of control power-supply unit 41.After being closed, only keeps power-supply unit 41 supply of awaiting electric energy VSB.Draw high resistance 702 and then the power supply enable signal is promoted to the voltage that is enough to driving power feeding unit 41 by awaiting electric energy VSB.
Hold above-mentionedly, whether power-supply unit 41 provides system power VCC to converting unit 21 according to the decision of the level of its power supply activation end PSON#.When the level of the power supply activation end PSON# of power-supply unit 41 was high level, 41 of power-supply units stopped to provide system power VCC to converting unit 21; When the level of the power supply activation end PSON# of power-supply unit 41 was low level, 41 maintenances of power-supply unit provided system power VCC to converting unit 21.It should be noted that in addition by the control of overvoltage protection unit 11 makes switch 701 remain in conducting state usually.Served as voltage protection unit 11 and detected core electric energy VCORE when superpotential situation takes place, 11 of overvoltage protection unit can be sent controlling signal and switch 701 be formed open circuit.Draw high the level of power-supply unit 41 power supply activation end PSON#s and be high level because of drawing high resistance 702 this moment, makes power-supply unit 41 stop supplies system power VCC to converting unit 21.Therefore avoided load 31 and electric capacity 306 to cause damage because of overvoltage.
The present technique field has knows also visual its demand of the knowledgeable usually, and changes the execution mode of switch 701 and resistance 702 according to the teaching of spirit of the present invention and aforementioned all embodiment.For example, Fig. 8 is according to another power supply device shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Fig. 8.Converting unit 21, load 31, power-supply unit 41, overvoltage protection unit 11 are identical with the above embodiments with power supply supervision unit 82, do not repeat them here.Difference is comparator 801～803 and draws high resistance 804～806.Wherein the positive input terminal of comparator 801 receives reference voltage VREF.When the negative input end of comparator 801 receives logic low potential (lower than reference voltage VREF), the output of comparator 801 then can the output logic high potential; When the negative input end of comparator 801 receives logic high potential (than reference voltage VREF height), the output of comparator 801 then can the output logic electronegative potential.The operation of comparator 802,803 is similar to comparator 801, does not repeat them here.804～806 of resistance by awaiting electric energy VSB respectively in order to promote the output driving force of comparator 801～803.
Served as voltage protection unit 11 and detected core electric energy VCORE when superpotential situation takes place, 11 of overvoltage protection unit can be sent logic high potential and give comparator 801.Therefore, the related comparator 801 output logic electronegative potentials that cause make comparator 803 output logic high potentials give power-supply unit 41.Power-supply unit 41 is because power supply activation end PSON# receives logic high potential and stops to provide system power VCC to converting unit 21.Converting unit 21 is system power VCC and decommissioning for want of, has therefore reached the function of overvoltage protection.
On the other hand, power supply supervision unit 82 can keep the output logic electronegative potential to give comparator 802 under normal operating state.When the user assigned shutdown command, power supply supervision unit 82 sent logic high potential and gives comparator 802, causes comparator 802 output logic electronegative potentials.The logic low potential that comparator 802 is exported makes comparator 803 output logic high potentials give the power supply activation end PSON# of power-supply unit 41.Therefore power-supply unit 41 closes whole system because power supply activation end PSON# receives logic high potential and forbidden energy power-supply unit 41 (only keeping the supply of awaiting electric energy VSB).
Briefly, comparator 801～803 just just as or door (OR Gate), make overvoltage protection unit 11 and power supply supervision unit 82 all can control power-supply unit 41 whether system power VCC be provided.Not only reach the function of overvoltage protection, also kept power supply supervision unit 82 and had the function that control power-supply unit 41 stops to provide system power VCC.
The present technique field has knows also visual its demand of the knowledgeable usually, and the comparator of Fig. 8 is replaced it with transistor according to spirit of the present invention and aforementioned all embodiment, for example Fig. 9 is according to another power supply device shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, please be simultaneously with reference to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9.The converting unit 21 of Fig. 9, load 31, power-supply unit 41, overvoltage protection unit 11, power supply supervision unit 82 and resistance 804～806 are similar with the above embodiments, do not repeat them here.Difference is that present embodiment replaces the comparator 801～803 of Fig. 8 with N type MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor 901～903.N type MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor 901～903 is used as switch at this embodiment.That is to say that when the grid of N type MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor 901～903 receives logic low potential 901～903 of corresponding N type MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor can become off state; Otherwise during the grid receive logic high potential of N type MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor 901～903,901～903 of corresponding N type MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor can become conducting state.
Hold above-mentioned, when system is in normal operating state, then overvoltage protection unit 11 and power supply supervision unit 82 respectively the output logic electronegative potentials give the gate terminal of N type MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor 901 and the gate terminal of N type MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor 902, make it become off state.This moment, awaiting electric energy VSB then can provide the gate terminal of logic high potential to N type MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor 903 by drawing high resistance 804 and 805, made it become conducting state.Power supply activation end PSON# makes power-supply unit 41 continue to provide system power VCC because of receiving logic low potential.
When over-voltage condition took place the core electric energy VCORE that is exported when converting unit 21, the gate terminal of N type MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor 901 was given in overvoltage protection unit 11 just output logic high potential, makes it become conducting state.Therefore, the grid of transistor 903 makes transistor 903 become off state because of via transistor 901 ground connection.This moment, awaiting electric energy VSB can provide logic high potential to power supply activation end PSON# by drawing high resistance 806, made power-supply unit 41 stop supplies system power VCC.
In like manner can push away, when the user assigns shutdown command, power supply supervision unit 82 logic high potential are given the gate terminal of N type MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor 902, make awaiting electric energy VSB to provide logic high potential to power supply activation end PSON# by drawing high resistance 806, therefore therefore power-supply unit 41 stop supplies system power VCC close whole system.In other words, overvoltage protection unit 11 and power supply supervision unit 82 one of them all can make power-supply unit 41 stop supplies system power VCC.Therefore overvoltage protection unit 11 not only reaches the purpose of overvoltage protection, more can not control power-supply unit 41 mutually with power supply supervision unit 82 with conflicting.This area has knows that usually the knowledgeable also can be disposed in the power supply supervision unit 82 overvoltage protection unit 11 to reduce cost according to its demand, does not repeat them here.
In sum, preferred embodiment of the present invention has following advantage at least:
1. utilize overvoltage protection unit monitors core electric energy VCORE, therefore can avoid the unusual rising of core electric energy VCORE to cause the capacitance damage of converting unit and flow out capacitive liquid.
2. when core electric energy VCORE raise unusually, then stop supplies system power of power-supply unit VCC gave converting unit, so load can not cause damage because of overvoltage.
3. the following power transistor of converting unit need not be in normally open, therefore can't cause negative pressure problem when power-supply unit stop supplies system power VCC gives converting unit, and load is damaged.
4. when having served as voltage protection unit and having detected the overvoltage situation; can control power-supply unit stop supplies system power VCC; and make no longer supply system electric energy VCC of power-supply unit by breech lock resistance, avoid shaking voltage and cause the electric capacity of converting unit or the damage of load.
5. utilize comparator or transistor can make voltage protection unit and power supply supervision unit control power-supply unit jointly.Therefore voltage protection unit not only reaches the purpose of overvoltage protection, more can and deposit the control power-supply unit with power supply supervision unit.
Though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment; right its is not in order to limit the present invention; have in the technical field under any and know the knowledgeable usually; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; when can doing a little change and retouching, so protection scope of the present invention claims person of defining is as the criterion.
Claims (15)
1. a power supply device is characterized in that, comprising:
Power-supply unit, in order to the electric energy of different voltage levels to be provided, above-mentioned these electric energy comprise awaiting electric energy and system power, and wherein when the above-mentioned power-supply unit of forbidden energy, above-mentioned power-supply unit keeps above-mentioned awaiting electric energy is provided and stops to provide the said system electric energy;
Converting unit is converted to the core electric energy in order to the system power that above-mentioned power-supply unit is exported, with offered load; And
The overvoltage protection unit; be coupled to above-mentioned power-supply unit to receive above-mentioned awaiting electric energy; and be coupled to above-mentioned converting unit to monitor the voltage level of above-mentioned core electric energy; wherein when the voltage level of above-mentioned core electric energy is higher than reference voltage, the above-mentioned power-supply unit of above-mentioned overvoltage protection unit forbidden energy.
2. power supply device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the voltage level of the voltage level of said system electric energy greater than above-mentioned core electric energy.
3. power supply device according to claim 1 is characterized in that above-mentioned converting unit comprises:
Reduction voltage circuit is in order to be changed to the said system electric energy above-mentioned core electric energy;
Driver is in order to drive above-mentioned reduction voltage circuit; And
PWM controller is in order to adjust the pulsewidth of pulse-width modulation signal and to export to above-mentioned driver according to the voltage level of above-mentioned core electric energy, to be exported the voltage level of above-mentioned core electric energy by the above-mentioned reduction voltage circuit of above-mentioned driver control.
4. power supply device according to claim 3 is characterized in that above-mentioned reduction voltage circuit comprises:
Last power transistor, its grid is coupled to above-mentioned driver, and its source electrode receives the said system electric energy;
Following power transistor, its grid is coupled to above-mentioned driver, its source ground, its drain electrode is coupled to above-mentioned drain electrode of going up power transistor;
Inductance, its first end are coupled to above-mentioned drain electrode of going up power transistor, and wherein second end of above-mentioned inductance is exported above-mentioned core electric energy; And
Load capacitance, its first end is coupled to second end of above-mentioned inductance, and the second end ground connection of above-mentioned load capacitance.
5. power supply device according to claim 1 is characterized in that above-mentioned overvoltage protection unit comprises:
Reference voltage generator is in order to produce above-mentioned reference voltage according to above-mentioned awaiting electric energy; And
Comparing unit, in order to receiving and more above-mentioned reference voltage and above-mentioned core electric energy, the comparative result of the above-mentioned comparing unit of wherein above-mentioned overvoltage protection unit foundation is controlled whether forbidden energy of above-mentioned power-supply unit.
6. power supply device according to claim 5 is characterized in that above-mentioned reference voltage generator comprises:
First divider resistance, its first termination is received above-mentioned awaiting electric energy, and the voltage of its second end is as above-mentioned reference voltage; And
Second divider resistance, its first end is coupled to second end of above-mentioned first divider resistance, and the second end ground connection of above-mentioned second divider resistance.
7. power supply device according to claim 5 is characterized in that above-mentioned comparing unit comprises:
Diode, its anode receive above-mentioned core electric energy;
Comparator, its positive input terminal is coupled to the negative electrode of above-mentioned diode, and the negative input end of above-mentioned comparator receives above-mentioned reference voltage, and the output of above-mentioned comparator provides the comparative result of above-mentioned comparing unit;
Breech lock resistance, its two end is coupled to the positive input terminal and the output of above-mentioned comparator respectively; And
Draw high resistance, its first termination is received above-mentioned awaiting electric energy, and its second end is coupled to the output of above-mentioned comparator.
8. power supply device according to claim 1 is characterized in that more comprising:
Switch, its first termination is received the power supply enable signal, and its second end is coupled to above-mentioned power-supply unit, in order to determine the conducting state of above-mentioned switch according to the control of above-mentioned overvoltage protection unit;
Power supply supervision unit in order to monitoring the electric energy output of above-mentioned power supply device, and is exported above-mentioned power supply enable signal via above-mentioned switch, to control the whether activation of above-mentioned power-supply unit; And
Second draws high resistance, and its first termination is received above-mentioned awaiting electric energy, and its second end is coupled to second end of above-mentioned switch.
9. power supply device according to claim 1 is characterized in that more comprising:
Power supply supervision unit, in order to monitoring the electric energy output of above-mentioned power supply device, and the out-put supply enable signal, wherein above-mentioned power supply enable signal is in order to control the whether activation of above-mentioned power-supply unit;
Second comparator, its positive input terminal receives above-mentioned reference voltage, and its negative input end receives above-mentioned power supply enable signal;
The 3rd comparator, its positive input terminal receives above-mentioned reference voltage, and its negative input end is coupled to above-mentioned overvoltage protection unit;
The 4th comparator, its positive input terminal receives above-mentioned reference voltage, and its negative input end is coupled to the output of above-mentioned second comparator and above-mentioned the 3rd comparator, and wherein above-mentioned power-supply unit determines whether activation according to the output of above-mentioned the 4th comparator;
The 3rd draws high resistance, and its first termination is received above-mentioned awaiting electric energy, and its second end is coupled to the output of above-mentioned second comparator;
The 4th draws high resistance, and its first termination is received above-mentioned awaiting electric energy, and its second end is coupled to the output of above-mentioned the 3rd comparator; And
The 5th draws high resistance, and its first termination is received above-mentioned awaiting electric energy, and its second end is coupled to the output of above-mentioned the 4th comparator.
10. power supply device according to claim 1 is characterized in that more comprising:
Power supply supervision unit, in order to monitoring the electric energy output of above-mentioned power supply device, and the out-put supply enable signal, wherein above-mentioned power supply enable signal is in order to control the whether activation of above-mentioned power-supply unit;
The first transistor, its grid receive above-mentioned power supply enable signal, its source ground;
First impedance, its first termination is received above-mentioned awaiting electric energy, and its second end is coupled to the drain electrode of above-mentioned the first transistor;
Transistor seconds, its grid are coupled to above-mentioned overvoltage protection unit, its source ground;
Second impedance, its first termination is received above-mentioned awaiting electric energy, and its second end is coupled to the drain electrode of above-mentioned transistor seconds;
The 3rd transistor, its grid is coupled to the drain electrode of above-mentioned the first transistor and above-mentioned transistor seconds, and its source ground, wherein above-mentioned power-supply unit determine whether activation according to above-mentioned the 3rd transistor drain level; And
The 3rd impedance, its first termination is received above-mentioned awaiting electric energy, and its second end is coupled to above-mentioned the 3rd transistor drain.
11. an overvoltage protection unit, whether the voltage level of exporting the core electric energy in order to the monitoring converting unit is higher than reference voltage, it is characterized in that above-mentioned overvoltage protection unit comprises:
Reference voltage generator produces above-mentioned reference voltage in order to the foundation awaiting electric energy; And
Comparing unit, in order to receive and more above-mentioned reference voltage and above-mentioned core electric energy, whether wherein above-mentioned overvoltage protection unit determines to provide system power to above-mentioned converting unit according to the comparative result of above-mentioned comparing unit.
12. overvoltage protection according to claim 11 unit is characterized in that above-mentioned reference voltage generator comprises:
First divider resistance, its first termination is received above-mentioned awaiting electric energy, and the voltage of its second end is as above-mentioned reference voltage; And
Second divider resistance, its first end is coupled to second end of above-mentioned first divider resistance, and the second end ground connection of above-mentioned second divider resistance.
13. overvoltage protection according to claim 11 unit is characterized in that above-mentioned comparing unit comprises:
Diode, its anode receive above-mentioned core electric energy;
Comparator, its positive input terminal is coupled to the negative electrode of above-mentioned diode, and the negative input end of above-mentioned comparator receives above-mentioned reference voltage, and the output of above-mentioned comparator provides the comparative result of above-mentioned comparing unit;
Breech lock resistance, its two end is coupled to the positive input terminal and the output of above-mentioned comparator respectively; And
Draw high resistance, its first termination is received above-mentioned awaiting electric energy, and its second end is coupled to the above-mentioned output of above-mentioned comparator.
14. an over-voltage protection method, is characterized in that above-mentioned over-voltage protection method comprises in order to avoid converting unit generation overvoltage:
Reference voltage is provided;
Relatively converting unit is exported the voltage level and the above-mentioned reference voltage of core electric energy; And
Whether provide system power to above-mentioned converting unit according to the comparative result decision.
15. overvoltage protection according to claim 14 unit is characterized in that whether providing system power to comprise to the step of above-mentioned converting unit according to the comparative result decision:
If the voltage level of above-mentioned core electric energy is higher than above-mentioned reference voltage, then the aforesaid comparative result of breech lock stops to provide the said system electric energy to above-mentioned converting unit.
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| CN2008101338541A CN101630908B (en) | 2008-07-17 | 2008-07-17 | Power supply device, over voltage protection unit thereof and over voltage protection method thereof |
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| CN2008101338541A CN101630908B (en) | 2008-07-17 | 2008-07-17 | Power supply device, over voltage protection unit thereof and over voltage protection method thereof |
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