CN102097831B - Charging/discharging control circuit, method and battery system - Google Patents
Charging/discharging control circuit, method and battery system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/0071—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with a programmable schedule
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Abstract
The invention discloses a charging/discharging control circuit, method and a battery system. The charging/discharging control circuit comprises: a driver operable for generating a pulse signal in a first operating mode and for generating a first signal in a second operating mode, wherein said driver controls said current through said battery; and a filter coupled to said driver and operable for filtering said pulse signal to provide a filtered DC signal to adjust an on-resistance of a first switch in series with said battery based on a duty cycle of said pulse signal in said first operating mode, and operable for receiving said first signal and for providing a second signal to drive said first switch in a linear region in said second operating mode, wherein the first operating mode includes a trickle charging mode and a trickle discharging mode, and the second mode includes a normal charging mode and a normal discharging mode. One same charge switch can be used in both normal charging and trickle charging and one same discharge switch can be used in both normal discharging and trickle discharging, therefore the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to charge/discharge control circuit, method and battery system, espespecially a kind of charge/discharge control circuit, method and battery system that flows through the electric current of battery for control.
Background technology
At present, battery is widely used in providing electric energy to various electronic or system, such as adopting lithium battery to power supplies such as notebook computer, electric automobile, hybrid vehicle and electric power tools.Usually need to adopt a circuit control to power brick charging and/or discharge.
Fig. 1 is traditional charge/discharge control circuit 100 that is used for power brick.Power brick comprises battery 110, PACK+ end and PACK-end.Charge/discharge control circuit 100 comprises discharge MOSFET 142, charging MOSFET 122, low discharging current MOSFET 144, low current charge MOSFET 124, resistance 184, resistance 186 and protective circuit 160 (for example, Protective IC).
When charging, charger is coupled to the PACK+ end and PACK-holds to charge to battery 110.When normal charge mode, charging MOSFET 122 control charging currents.When the low current charge pattern, for example, when the brownout of battery 100, thus low current charge MOSFET 124 by complete conducting with less charging current to battery 100 chargings, damaged to prevent power brick.Resistance 186 is used for the size of restriction charging current when the low current charge pattern.Usually, the charging current when the low current charge pattern is called as little charging current.
When discharge, battery 110 discharges to power to the load (not shown) that is coupled to PACK+ end and PACK-end.Discharging current when discharge MOSFET 142 is controlled at the regular picture pattern.When the low discharging current pattern, for example, when load generation open circuit or short circuit, avoid the tidal bore electric current to the state of load or detection load, the complete conducting of low discharging current MOSFET 144 quilts is to allow less discharging current to flow to load.Discharging current when resistance 184 is used for being limited in the low discharging current pattern.Usually, the discharging current when the low discharging current pattern is called as little discharging current.
Because used at least four MOSFET, so the cost of charge/discharge control circuit 100 may be higher.In addition, each MOSFET among the MOSFET 122,124,142 and 144 drives by an independent driving in the driver module 162.In other words, driver module 162 must comprise a plurality of drivings, and integrated protective circuit 160 (comprising driver module 162) has a plurality of pins possibly to drive these MOSFET, has increased like this cost of integrated protective circuit 160.In addition, along with the carrying out of low current charge, the voltage of battery 110 raises, so the lower voltage of resistance 186.Therefore, the reduction that fails to be convened for lack of a quorum of little charged electrical causes the charging interval longer.
Summary of the invention
The charge-discharge control circuit, method and the battery system that provide a kind of control to flow through the electric current of battery is provided the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, can and charge normal by same charge switch control low current charge, and by same discharge switch control low discharging current and regular picture, thereby reduce cost.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides and a kind ofly flow through the charge-discharge control circuit of the electric current of battery for control, this charge-discharge control circuit comprises: drive and filter.Described driving is used for producing pulse signal when the first mode of operation, and produces first signal in the second mode of operation, flows through the described electric current of described battery with control; Described filter coupled to described driving, be used for when described the first mode of operation the duty ratio based on described pulse signal, filter described pulse signal, and provide the direct current signal that has filtered, be coupled to the conducting resistance of the first switch of described battery with adjusting, and be used for when described the second mode of operation, receive described first signal, and provide secondary signal to drive described the first switch at linear zone, wherein, described the first mode of operation comprises low current charge pattern and low discharging current pattern, and described the second mode of operation comprises normal charge mode and regular picture pattern.
The present invention also provides a kind of battery system, this battery system comprises: battery, the switch of connecting with described battery, and charge-discharge control circuit, described charge-discharge control circuit is coupled to described battery and described switch, be used for optionally being operated in the first mode of operation or the second mode of operation, be operated in respectively saturation region and linear zone to drive described switch, thereby regulate the electric current that flows through described battery; Wherein, described the first mode of operation comprises low current charge pattern and low discharging current pattern, described the second mode of operation comprises normal charge mode and regular picture pattern, described charge-discharge control circuit comprises driving and filter, described driving is used for producing the first pulse-width signal when described the first mode of operation, described filter coupled to described driving, be used for receiving described the first pulse-width signal, and produce substantially invariable direct current signal to control described switch in described saturation region.
The present invention further provides a kind of control and flow through the charge/discharge control method of the electric current of battery, this charge/discharge control method comprises the following steps: to produce pulse signal at least when the first mode of operation; Filter described pulse signal, and the direct current signal that has filtered is provided, the big or small substantially constant of the described direct current signal that has filtered, and determined by the duty ratio of described pulse signal; When described the first mode of operation, regulate the conducting resistance of the switch of connecting with described battery by the described direct current signal that filtered; And when the second mode of operation, drive described switch at linear zone, and wherein, described the first mode of operation comprises low current charge pattern and low discharging current pattern, described the second mode of operation comprises normal charge mode and regular picture pattern.
Compared with prior art, charge-discharge control circuit of the present invention, battery system and method are controlled low current charge by same charge switch and are charged normal, and by same discharge switch control low discharging current and regular picture, thereby the cost of reduction circuit.
Description of drawings
Below by to the description of some embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with its accompanying drawing, can further understand purpose of the present invention, specific structural features and advantage.
Fig. 1 is traditional charge/discharge control circuit that is used for power brick;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of charge/discharge control circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of charging control circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of charging control circuit according to another embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of charging control circuit according to another embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of charge/discharge control circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is battery system according to an embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 8 is charging/discharging control method flow chart according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Although the present invention sets forth in connection with following examples, being interpreted as this is not to mean the present invention is defined in these embodiment.On the contrary, but the present invention be intended to contain in the spirit and scope of the invention that is defined by the claims item defined various option modification items and be equal to item.
In addition, in following detailed description of the present invention, to understand completely in order providing for of the present invention, to have illustrated a large amount of details.Yet it will be understood by those skilled in the art that does not have these details, and the present invention can implement equally.In some other examples, scheme, flow process, element and the circuit known for everybody are not described in detail, so that highlight the present invention's purport.
Embodiments of the invention provide and have been used for the charge/discharge control circuit that the electric current (for example, charging current or discharging current) of battery is flow through in control.In one embodiment, the driving in the charge/discharge control circuit produces and drives the switch (for example, charge switch or discharge switch) that signal is connected with battery with control.Charge/discharge control circuit optionally is operated in the first mode of operation (for example, low current charge pattern or low discharging current pattern) or the second mode of operation (for example, normal charge mode or regular picture pattern) so that battery is carried out charge or discharge.When the first mode of operation, drive signal and comprise pulse signal, for example, pulse-width signal (abbreviation pwm signal).Filter filters pwm signal, and provide filter and substantially invariable direct current signal with the conducting resistance of by-pass cock.When the first mode of operation, flow through the electric current (for example, low current charge electric current or low discharging current electric current) of battery by the duty ratio decision of pwm signal.Advantageously, control low current charge and charge normal by same charge switch, and control low discharging current and regular picture by same discharge switch, thereby reduced the cost of charge/discharge control circuit.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram that flows through the charge/discharge control circuit 200 of battery current for control according to an embodiment of the invention.In the embodiment of Fig. 2, charge/discharge control circuit 200 comprises that switch (for example, MOSFET) 240, drives 220 and filter 260.Power brick comprises battery 210, PACK+ end and PACK-end.Although a battery unit only is shown among Fig. 2, battery 210 can comprise a plurality of battery units.Switch 240 and battery 210 series connection, and the electric current (for example, charging current or discharging current) of battery 210 is flow through in control.In one embodiment, charge/discharge control circuit 200 is in power brick.
In one embodiment, the first mode of operation is the low current charge pattern, and the second mode of operation is the normal current charge mode.Like this, by control switch 240 (charge switch), battery 210 can be by little charging current or normal charging current charging.According to the duty ratio that drives signal 236, regulate little charging current.In another embodiment, the first mode of operation is the low discharging current pattern, and the second mode of operation is the normal current discharge mode.Like this, by control switch 240 (discharge switch), battery 210 can be by little discharging current or regular picture current discharge.According to the duty ratio that drives signal 236, regulate little discharging current.
Advantageously, normal current charging and low current charge adopt same charge switch.Similar, normal current discharge and low discharging current adopt same discharge switch.The quantity of switch reduces the quantity that can cause driving and reduces, and then reduces the Protective IC number of pins that comprises driving 220.Therefore, can reduce the cost of charge/discharge control circuit 200.In addition, by regulating little electric current charge/discharge current to be implemented in the purpose of using safely power brick under the different application scenarios.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the charging control circuit 300 for battery according to an embodiment of the invention.In the embodiments of figure 3, charging control circuit 300 comprises charge switch 340, driving 320 and filter.Charge switch 340 can be P type MOSFET.The drain electrode of P type MOSFET and source electrode are coupled respectively to anode and the PACK+ end of battery 210, and the grid of P type MOSFET is coupled to via resistance 362 and drives 320.
Drive 320 receiving modes and select signal 334 and control signal 332, and produce driving signal 336.Mode select signal 334 is for the mode of operation of selecting normal charge mode or low current charge pattern as the battery charging.When normal charge mode, control signal 332 is substantially invariable direct current signal (for example, logic is high).Yet the present invention is not limited only to this, and when normal charge mode, control signal 332 also can be pulse signal (for example, pwm signal).When the low current charge pattern, control signal 332 is the adjustable pwm signal of duty ratio.Filter (for example, comprising the grid capacitance of resistance 327, resistance 362, resistance 366, electric capacity 364 and charge switch 340) receives self-driven 320 driving signal 336, and provides level and smooth direct current signal with control charge switch 340.Charge switch 340 is operated in respectively linear zone and saturation region when normal charge mode and during the low current charge pattern.
In the embodiments of figure 3, driving 320 comprises or door 328, buffering 324, P type MOSFET 322, N-type MOSFET 326 and resistance 327.Control signal 332 inputs to buffering 324 and or door 328.Mode select signal 334 inputs to or door 328.Drive signal 336 and produce by driving 320, and export to filter.
Filter comprises firstorder filter and second order filter.In the embodiments of figure 3, firstorder filter is comprised of resistance 327, resistance 362, resistance 366 and electric capacity 364.Second order filter is comprised of the grid capacitance of resistance 327, resistance 362, resistance 366 and charge switch 340.Resistance 366 is coupling between the grid and source electrode of charge switch 340.Therefore, the gate source voltage V of the control of the pressure drop on the resistance 366 charge switch 340
GsIn one embodiment, the pressure drop on the resistance 366 equals the gate source voltage V of charge switch 340
Gs
In one embodiment, when the low current charge pattern, mode select signal 334 is set to substantially invariable direct current signal (for example, logic is high), and control signal 332 is pwm signal.In this case, or door 328 is output as the logic height, thereby turn-offs P type MOSFET 322.Control signal 332 is through cushioning 324 with driving N type MOSFET 326.Like this, the driving signal 336 of node 329 output square wave forms.In other words, also output pwm signal of node 329.In addition, drive the duty ratio of signal 336 by the duty ratio decision of control signal 332.
Filter makes the square wave that drives signal 336 level and smooth, with the level and smooth direct voltage that provides ripple to reduce.In one embodiment, filter comprises firstorder filter and second order filter, with level and smooth driving signal 336 (pwm signal), produces substantially invariable d. c. voltage signal 370.In one embodiment, d. c. voltage signal 370 is the pressure drop on the resistance 366, the gate source voltage V of control charge switch 340
Gs
In one embodiment, d. c. voltage signal 370 drives charge switchs 340 and is operated in the saturation region, flows through the size of electric current of charge switch 340 by the gate-source voltage V of charge switch 340
GsDetermine.In other words, by the d. c. voltage signal 370 of regulating resistance 366, and then the conducting resistance of regulating charge switch 340, wherein, the voltage of d. c. voltage signal 370 equals the gate source voltage V of charge switch 340
GsIn one embodiment, d. c. voltage signal 370 is determined by the duty ratio that drives signal 336, and the duty ratio of driving signal 336 is by the duty ratio decision of control signal 332.Like this, when the low current charge pattern, flow through the low current charge electric current of charge switch 340 by the duty ratio decision of control signal 332.
Along with the carrying out of low current charge, the voltage of battery 210 increases.When the voltage of battery 210 reaches preset value, the charging of battery 210 is switched to normal charge mode.In one embodiment, when normal charge mode, control signal 332 is set to substantially invariable direct voltage (for example, logic is high), and mode select signal 334 is set to substantially invariable direct voltage (for example, logic low).In this case, or door 328 is output as the logic height, thereby turn-offs P type MOSFET 322.Control signal 332 (logic is high) is through buffering 324, conducting N-type MOSFET 326.Like this, with the gate voltage V of charge switch 340
GsThe voltage of the d. c. voltage signal 370 that equates is drawn by following equation:
V
370＝V
gs＝V
PACK+*R
1/(R
1+R
2+R
3)，(1)
Wherein, V
370Voltage, V for d. c. voltage signal 370
PACK+Voltage, R for the PACK+ end
1, R
2And R
3Be respectively the resistance of resistance 366, resistance 362 and resistance 327.In one embodiment, d. c. voltage signal 370 drives charge switch 340 and is operated in linear zone (for example, fully conducting).
In another embodiment, when normal charge mode, control signal 332 is pwm signal, and mode select signal 334 is set to substantially invariable direct voltage (for example, logic is high).In this case, or door 328 is output as the logic height, thereby turn-offs P type MOSFET 322.Control signal 332 (pwm signal) is through buffering 324 driving N type MOSFET 326.Like this, node 329 output drive signals 336, for example, pwm signal.In one embodiment, when normal charge mode, need not through resistance 362 and electric capacity 364, drive signal 236 direct control charge switchs 340 and be operated in linear zone (for example, fully conducting).
In one embodiment, in order to stop the charging to battery 210, control signal 332 is set to logic low, and mode select signal 334 is set to logic low.In this case, or door 328 is output as logic low, thus conducting P type MOSFET 322.Like this, the conducting resistance of P type MOSFET 322 and resistance 362, resistance 366 are in parallel, and relatively little.Like this, comprise that the RC time constant of P type MOSFET 322, resistance 362, resistance 366, electric capacity 364 is relatively little.Therefore, drive the gate source voltage V of charge switch 340
GsCan be reduced to quickly certain value, thereby turn-off charge switch 340.
In one embodiment, according to the grid capacitance of charge switch 340 and the frequency of pwm signal, the resistance of regulating resistance 362 and resistance 366, and the capacitance of electric capacity 364 further reduce the ripple of d. c. voltage signal 370.
Advantageously, according to control signal 332, can be by same charge switch 340 controls charging normal and low current charge battery 210.Use single driving 320 control charge switchs 340.Like this, reduce area and the cost of charging control circuit 300.In addition, control the discharge of power brick by adopting the structure similar with Fig. 3, thereby reduce the cost of power brick charge/discharge control circuit.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the charging control circuit 400 that is used for battery according to another embodiment of the invention.The element functional similarity identical with Fig. 3 label.In the embodiment of Fig. 4, charging control circuit 400 comprises charge switch 340, driving 420 and filter.
In the embodiment of Fig. 4, drive 420 and comprise or door 328, buffering 324, P type MOSFET 322, N-type MOSFET 326, resistance 327, inverter 424, NOR gate 428 and N-type MOSFET 426.Control signal 332 inputs to or door 328, buffering 324 and inverter 424.Mode select signal 334 inputs to or door 328 and NOR gate 428.Inverter 424 outputs signal to NOR gate 428.The drain electrode of N-type MOSFET 426 and source electrode are coupled respectively to the source electrode of node 329 and N-type MOSFET 326.The grid of N-type MOSFET 426 is coupled to the output of NOR gate 428.
Similar among the operation of the low current charge of charging control circuit 400 as shown in Figure 4 and Fig. 3 here repeats no more.Advantageously, in one embodiment, when normal charge mode, by using inverter 424, NOR gate 428 and N-type MOSFET 426, the conducting charge switch 340 quickly.When normal charge mode, control signal 332 is set to substantially invariable voltage (for example, logic is high), and mode select signal 334 is set to substantially invariable voltage (for example, logic low).Like this, the output voltage of NOR gate 428 is drawn high.Correspondingly, the grid voltage of N-type MOSFET426 is drawn high, thus conducting N-type MOSFET 426.The conducting resistance of the N-type MOSFET 426 of less is in parallel with the conducting resistance of resistance 327 and N-type MOSFET 326.Like this, the RC time constant less that comprises the circuit of resistance 327, N-type MOSFET 326 and N-type MOSFET 426, resistance 362 and resistance 366 and electric capacity 364.Drive the gate source voltage V of charge switch 340
GsWith faster speed increase, thus conducting charge switch 340.
In one embodiment, by adopting the structure similar with Fig. 4, relatively quickly conducting discharge switch.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the charging control circuit 500 that is used for battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.The element functional similarity identical with Fig. 3 label.In the embodiment of Fig. 5, charging control circuit 500 comprises charge switch 540, driving 320, filter, switch 542, resistance 566 and resistance 562.In one embodiment, switch 542 is small-signal model MOSFET, and charge switch 540 is power MOSFET.
In the embodiment of Fig. 5, charge switch 540 is N-type MOSFET.The source electrode of charge switch 540 and drain electrode are coupled respectively to the negative electrode of PACK-end and battery 210.The grid of charge switch 540 is coupled to the common node of resistance 562 and resistance 566.
In the embodiment of Fig. 5, switch 542 is P type MOSFET.The source electrode of switch 542 and drain electrode are coupled respectively to PACK+ end and resistance 566.The grid of switch 542 is coupled to the filter of the grid capacitance that comprises resistance 327, resistance 362, resistance 366, electric capacity 364 and switch 542.Control signal 332 control switchs 542 and charge switch 540.
In one embodiment, when the low current charge pattern, mode select signal 334 is set to substantially invariable voltage (for example, logic is high), and control signal 332 is pwm signal.Like this, driving signal 336 also is pwm signal.Similar with the d. c. voltage signal 370 among Fig. 3, filter filtration drive signal 336 is to provide substantially invariable d. c. voltage signal 570.In the embodiment of Fig. 5, the level of the d. c. voltage signal 570 of process resistance 366 equals the gate source voltage V of switch 542
GsIn one embodiment, d. c. voltage signal 570 driving switchs 542 are operated in the saturation region.Flow through the electric current of switch 542 by the duty ratio decision of control signal 332.Owing to flow through the current direction resistance 562 of switch 542, so the voltage on the resistance 562 determines by control signal 332, and equals the gate source voltage V of switch 540
GsIn one embodiment, the voltage on the resistance 562 drives charge switch 540 and is operated in the saturation region.Like this, when the low current charge pattern, flow through the low current charge electric current of charge switch 540 by the duty ratio decision of control signal 332.
In one embodiment, when normal charge mode, control signal 332 is set to substantially invariable voltage (for example, logic is high), and mode select signal 334 is set to substantially invariable voltage (for example, logic low).In this case, or door 328 is output as the logic height, thereby turn-offs P type MOSFET 322.Control signal 332 is by buffering 324 conducting N-type MOSFET 326.Like this, produce substantially invariable d. c. voltage signal 570 at resistance 366.In one embodiment, d. c. voltage signal 570 driving switchs 542 are operated in linear zone.The electric current that flows through switch 542 pressure drop on 562 that has a resistance.In one embodiment, the pressure drop on the resistance 562 drives charge switch 540 and is operated in linear zone.
In another embodiment, when normal charge mode, control signal 332 is pwm signal, and mode select signal 334 is set to substantially invariable voltage (for example, logic is high).In this case, or door 328 is output as the logic height, thereby turn-offs P type MOSFET 322.Control signal 332 (pwm signal) is by cushioning 324 with driving N type MOSFET 326.Like this, node 329 outputs also are the driving signal 336 of pwm signal.In one embodiment, when normal charge mode, need not by resistance 362 and electric capacity 364, drive signal 336 direct control switchs 542 and be operated in linear zone (for example, fully open-minded).The electric current that flows through switch 542 pressure drop on 562 that has a resistance.In one embodiment, the pressure drop on the resistance 562 drives charge switch 540 and is operated in linear zone.
In one embodiment, by adopting the structure similar with Fig. 5 and the discharge switch of N-type MOSFET, can control the discharge of battery.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the charge/discharge control circuit 600 for battery according to an embodiment of the invention.The element functional similarity identical with Fig. 3 label.In the embodiment of Fig. 6, charge/discharge control circuit 600 comprises discharge switch 640, driving 620 and filter.Discharge switch 640 is N-type MOSFET.The drain electrode of discharge switch 640 and source electrode are coupled respectively to the negative electrode of PACK-end and battery 610.The grid of discharge switch 640 is coupled to by resistance 362 and drives 620.
In the embodiment of Fig. 6, drive 620 and comprise NOR gate 628, inverter 624, N-type MOSFET 622, P type MOSFET 626 and resistance 627.Control signal 632 inputs to inverter 624 and NOR gate 628.Mode select signal 634 inputs to NOR gate 628.Exported to the filter of the grid capacitance that comprises resistance 627, resistance 362, resistance 366, electric capacity 364 and discharge switch 640 by the driving signals 636 that drive 620 generations.
When the low discharging current pattern, mode select signal 634 is set to substantially invariable direct voltage (for example, logic is high), and control signal 632 is pwm signal.In this case, driving the 620 driving signals 636 in node 629 outputs is square wave.In other words, driving signal 636 also is pwm signal.In addition, drive the duty ratio of signal 636 by the duty ratio decision of control signal 632.
Filter filtration drive signal 636 (pwm signal) is to provide substantially invariable d. c. voltage signal 670.In the embodiment of Fig. 6, d. c. voltage signal 670 is through resistance 366, and its level equals the gate source voltage V of discharge switch 640 like this
GsIn one embodiment, d. c. voltage signal 670 drives discharge switch 640 and is operated in the saturation region, wherein flows through the electric current of discharge switch 640 by the duty ratio decision of d. c. voltage signal 670.D. c. voltage signal 670 is determined by the duty ratio that drives signal 636, and the duty ratio of driving signal 636 is by the duty ratio decision of control signal 632.Like this, when the low discharging current pattern, flow through the low discharging current electric current of discharge switch 640 by the duty ratio decision of control signal 632.
Along with the carrying out of discharge, when the lower voltage of battery 610 to preset value, battery 610 switches to the regular picture pattern.When the regular picture pattern, control signal 632 is set to substantially invariable voltage (for example, logic is high), and mode select signal 634 is set to substantially invariable voltage (for example, logic low).In this case, N-type MOSFET 622 turn-offs P type MOSFET626 conducting.Like this, through resistance 366, produce the gate source voltage V that equals discharge switch 640
GsAnd substantially invariable d. c. voltage signal 670.In one embodiment, d. c. voltage signal 670 drives discharge switch 640 and is operated in linear zone.
In another embodiment, when the regular picture pattern, control signal 632 is pwm signal, and mode select signal 634 is set to the logic height.In this case, drive 620 at node 629 output drive signal 636, for example pwm signals.In one embodiment, when the regular picture pattern, need not through resistance 362 and electric capacity 364, drive signal 636 direct controlled discharge switches 640 and be operated in linear zone.
In one embodiment, be added to the similar extra path in path that comprises inverter 424, NOR gate 428 and N-type MOSFET 426 among Fig. 4 and drive in 630, thus conducting discharge switch 640 relatively quickly.
Fig. 7 is battery system 700 according to an embodiment of the invention.Below with reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 6 Fig. 7 is described.In the embodiment of Fig. 7, battery system 700 comprises power brick 710, charge switch 740, discharge switch 742, protective circuit 720, filter 760 and filter 762 and the resistance 730 that contains a plurality of battery units.In the embodiment of Fig. 7; protective circuit 720 (for example further comprises driver element 722, control logic 724, processor 726, monitoring modular; MUX 728), voltage-mode number converter (Voltage Analog-to-Digital Converter; be called for short VADC) 729 and current-mode number converter (CUrrentAnalog-to-Digital Converter is called for short CADC) 727.Battery system 700 by PACK+ end and PACK-port coupling to charger or load.
In one embodiment, the monitor signal of single battery location mode in the monitoring modular 728 output expression power brick 710.For example, monitoring modular 728 produces the analog voltage signal of single battery cell voltage in the expression power brick 710.Resistance 730 produces the analog current signal that the electric current of power brick 710 is flow through in expression.VADC 729 becomes digital signal with analog signal conversion respectively with CADC 727, and exports digital signal to processor 726.Processor 726 sends instruction to control logic 724 based on digital signal.The control logic 724 that is coupled to processor 726 produces drive control signal (for example, the control signal 232 among Fig. 2) based on instruction, and provides drive control signal to driver element 722.Driver element 722 produces charge/discharge control signal (for example, the driving signal 336 among Fig. 3 and the driving signal 636 among Fig. 6) to drive respectively charge switch 740 and discharge switch 742.As described in Figure 3, filter 760 filters charging control signal, and provides substantially invariable d. c. voltage signal with control charge switch 740.As described in Figure 6, filter 762 filters discharge control signal, and provides substantially invariable d. c. voltage signal with controlled discharge switch 742.
When little electric current charge/discharge pattern, the drive control signal that control logic 724 produces is pwm signal.Advantageously, based on monitor signal, regulate the duty ratio of pwm signal to regulate low current charge/discharging current.
In one embodiment, based on the monitoring current that flows through power brick 710, regulate the duty ratio of pwm signal.For example, if monitor flow through resistance 730 electric current greater than predetermined current I
PREAdd sluggish electric current I
HYS, processor 726 sends order to control logic 724, and is corresponding, reduces the duty ratio of the pwm signal of control logic 724 generations.If monitor flow through resistance 730 electric current less than predetermined current I
PREDeduct sluggish electric current I
HYS, correspondingly, increase the duty ratio of the pwm signal of control logic 724 generations.In one embodiment, if monitor flow through resistance 730 electric current at (I
PRE-I
HYS) and (I
PRE+ I
HYS) between the scope, duty ratio remains unchanged.
In another embodiment, based on the voltage that monitors on the power brick 710, regulate the duty ratio of pwm signal.For example, if the voltage that monitoring modular 728 monitors increases the duty ratio of the pwm signal when then increasing the low current charge pattern.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart 800 of the charging/discharging control method of the control according to an embodiment of the invention electric current that flows through battery.Below with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 7 Fig. 8 is described.
In step 802, when the first mode of operation (for example, low current charge or low discharging current pattern), produce pulse signal.In one embodiment, drive 220 based on control signal 332 generation pulse signals (for example, pwm signal).In one embodiment, when the first mode of operation, the control signal 232 that is input to driving 220 is pulse signal (for example, pwm signal).In addition, the duty ratio of pulse signal is determined by the duty ratio of control signal 232, and can regulate based on the electric current of battery or the voltage of battery.
In step 804, filter described pulse signal, so that the direct current signal that has filtered to be provided.In one embodiment, the level substantially constant of the direct current signal that has filtered, and by the duty ratio decision that drives signal 236, and drive the duty ratio of signal 236 by the duty ratio decision of control signal 232.
In step 806, when the first mode of operation, regulate the conducting resistance of the switch (for example, switch 240) that is in series with battery 210.The gate source voltage V of the direct current signal control switch 240 that has filtered in one embodiment,
GsMore precisely, the direct current signal that has filtered is based on the conducting resistance of the duty cycle adjustment switch 240 that drives signal 236.Like this, switch 240 is operated in the saturation region, and flows through the electric current of switch 240 according to the duty cycle adjustment that drives signal 236.
In step 808, when the second mode of operation (for example, charging normal or the regular picture pattern), driving switch (for example, switch 240) is operated in linear zone (for example, fully open-minded).In one embodiment, drive 220 based on control signal 232 generation driving signals 236.Driving signal 236 is substantially invariable direct current signal (for example, logic is high).In addition, drive signal 236 and also can be pulse signal (for example, pwm signal).So, be operated in saturation region or linear zone by control switch 240, flow through the electric current of battery 210 with control.Advantageously, the present invention is by same charge switch control low current charge and charge normal same discharge switch control low discharging current and regular picture.Like this, reduced the cost of charge/discharge control circuit.
Above embodiment and accompanying drawing only are the present invention's embodiment commonly used.Obviously, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present invention's spirit that appended claims defines and protection range, can have and variously augment, revise and replace.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can change aspect form, structure, layout, ratio, material, element, assembly and other to some extent according to concrete environment and job requirement in actual applications under the prerequisite that does not deviate from the invention criterion.Therefore, only be illustrative rather than definitive thereof at the embodiment of this disclosure, the present invention's scope is defined by claims and legal equivalents thereof, and is not limited to description before this.
Claims (23)
1. a charge-discharge control circuit is used for the electric current that battery is flow through in control, it is characterized in that described charge-discharge control circuit comprises at least:
Drive, be used for when the first mode of operation, producing pulse signal, and when the second mode of operation, produce first signal, flow through the described electric current of described battery with control; And
Filter, be coupled to described driving, be used for when described the first mode of operation the duty ratio based on described pulse signal, filter described pulse signal, and the direct current signal that has filtered is provided, be coupled to the conducting resistance of the first switch of described battery with adjusting, and be used for when described the second mode of operation, receiving described first signal, and provide secondary signal to drive described the first switch at linear zone
Wherein, described the first mode of operation comprises low current charge pattern and low discharging current pattern, and described the second mode of operation comprises normal charge mode and regular picture pattern.
2. charge-discharge control circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described electric current of the described electric current during described the first mode of operation during less than described the second mode of operation.
3. charge-discharge control circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described driving also is used for receiving the described charge-discharge control circuit of expression at the mode select signal of described the first mode of operation or described the second mode of operation.
4. charge-discharge control circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described driving also is used for reception control signal, wherein, when described the first mode of operation, described control signal comprises pulse-width signal, and when described the second mode of operation, described control signal comprises substantially invariable direct current signal.
5. charge-discharge control circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described filter comprises: the grid capacitance of described the first switch and the resistance of connecting with described grid capacitance.
6. charge-discharge control circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described driving also is used for reception control signal, wherein, when described the first mode of operation, described control signal comprises the first pulse-width signal, and when described the second mode of operation, described control signal comprises the second pulse-width signal.
7. charge-discharge control circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described driving comprises at least:
Second switch is used for reception control signal; And
Resistance is coupled to described second switch, is used for according to described control signal, and described pulse signal is provided when described the first mode of operation, and described first signal is provided when described the second mode of operation.
8. charge-discharge control circuit according to claim 7 is characterized in that, when described the first mode of operation, described control signal comprises pulse-width signal, and when described the second mode of operation, described control signal comprises substantially invariable direct current signal.
9. charge-discharge control circuit according to claim 7 is characterized in that, when described the first mode of operation, described control signal comprises the first pulse-width signal, and when described the second mode of operation, described control signal comprises the second pulse-width signal.
10. charge-discharge control circuit according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described driving also comprises:
The 3rd switch is coupled to described the first switch and described filter, and for generation of the conducting resistance that is coupled to described filter, wherein, described the 3rd switch conduction is to close the described electric current that flows through described battery.
11. charge-discharge control circuit according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described driving also comprises:
The 3rd switch, for generation of the conducting resistance in parallel with described resistance and described second switch, wherein, described the 3rd switch conduction flows through the described electric current of described battery with startup.
12. charge-discharge control circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, based on the described duty ratio of the described pulse signal of status adjustment of described battery.
13. a battery system is characterized in that, described battery system comprises at least:
Battery;
The switch of connecting with described battery; And
Charge-discharge control circuit, be coupled to described battery and described switch, be used for optionally being operated in the first mode of operation or the second mode of operation, be operated in respectively saturation region and linear zone to drive described switch, thereby regulate the electric current that flows through described battery, wherein, described the first mode of operation comprises low current charge pattern and low discharging current pattern, described the second mode of operation comprises normal charge mode and regular picture pattern, and described charge-discharge control circuit comprises at least:
Drive, be used for when described the first mode of operation, producing the first pulse-width signal; And
Filter is coupled to described driving, is used for receiving described the first pulse-width signal, and produces substantially invariable direct current signal to control described switch in described saturation region.
14. battery system according to claim 13 is characterized in that, based on the duty ratio of described the first pulse-width signal of the status adjustment of described battery.
15. battery system according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described battery system also comprises:
Current monitoring circuit is coupled to described battery, flows through the signal of the described electric current of described battery for generation of expression; And
Electric voltage observation circuit is coupled to described battery, for generation of the signal of the voltage that represents described battery.
16. battery system according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described filter comprises: the grid capacitance of described switch and the resistance of connecting with described grid capacitance.
17. battery system according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, described driving also is used for reception control signal, wherein, when described the first mode of operation, described control signal comprises pulse-width signal, and when described the second mode of operation, described control signal comprises substantially invariable direct current signal.
18. battery system according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described driving also is used for receiving the described charge-discharge control circuit of expression at the mode select signal of described the first mode of operation or described the second mode of operation.
19. battery system according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, described driving also is used for reception control signal, wherein, when described the first mode of operation, described control signal comprises the second pulse-width signal, and in described the second mode of operation, described control signal comprises the 3rd pulse-width signal.
20. a charge/discharge control method is used for the electric current that battery is flow through in control, it is characterized in that described charge/discharge control method comprises at least:
When the first mode of operation, produce pulse signal;
Filter described pulse signal, and the direct current signal that has filtered is provided, the big or small substantially constant of the described direct current signal that has filtered, and determined by the duty ratio of described pulse signal;
When described the first mode of operation, regulate the conducting resistance of the switch of connecting with described battery by the described direct current signal that filtered; And
When the second mode of operation, drive described switch at linear zone,
Wherein, described the first mode of operation comprises low current charge pattern and low discharging current pattern, and described the second mode of operation comprises normal charge mode and regular picture pattern.
21. charge/discharge control method according to claim 20 is characterized in that, described charge/discharge control method also comprises:
Based on the electric current of described battery, regulate the described duty ratio of described pulse signal.
22. charge/discharge control method according to claim 20 is characterized in that, described charge/discharge control method also comprises:
Based on the voltage of described battery, regulate the described duty ratio of described pulse signal.
23. charge/discharge control method according to claim 20 is characterized in that, described pulse signal comprises pulse-width signal.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/577,633 | 2009-10-12 | ||
| US12/577,633 US8143863B2 (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2009-10-12 | Circuits and methods for controlling a current flowing through a battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102097831A CN102097831A (en) | 2011-06-15 |
| CN102097831B true CN102097831B (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201010275426XA Active CN102097831B (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2010-09-08 | Charging/discharging control circuit, method and battery system |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US8143863B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2011083187A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102097831B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI431894B (en) |
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| US9300129B2 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2016-03-29 | Ascensia Diabetes Care Holding Ag | Reverse battery protection for battery-powered devices |
| US9419455B2 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2016-08-16 | Broadcom Corporation | Multimode battery charger |
| JP2015154593A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-24 | ソニー株式会社 | Charge/discharge control device, battery pack, electronic apparatus, electric motor vehicle and charge/discharge control method |
| JP6305126B2 (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2018-04-04 | マクセルホールディングス株式会社 | Battery pack with preliminary charge / discharge function |
| JP2016025553A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-02-08 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Signal output circuit, electronic apparatus and mobile |
| JP6442255B2 (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2018-12-19 | 株式会社マキタ | Battery pack |
| US9716408B2 (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-07-25 | Google Inc. | Redundant residential power sources |
| JP6908842B2 (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2021-07-28 | ミツミ電機株式会社 | Secondary battery protection circuit, secondary battery protection integrated circuit and battery pack |
| US20190222137A1 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-18 | Gm Global Technology Operations Llc. | Bulk capacitor inrush current limiting circuit |
| CN108736108B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2020-03-10 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Heating control method and heating control device |
| CN110970962A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-04-07 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Charging and discharging circuit |
| CN111431236A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-17 | 珠海迈巨微电子有限责任公司 | Battery management chip and battery management system |
| CN113949127B (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2023-03-24 | 珠海智融科技股份有限公司 | Power supply management circuit for system power supply and control method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20110084667A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
| TW201121198A (en) | 2011-06-16 |
| CN102097831A (en) | 2011-06-15 |
| TWI431894B (en) | 2014-03-21 |
| JP2011083187A (en) | 2011-04-21 |
| US8143863B2 (en) | 2012-03-27 |
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