CN101629896A - Method for researching friction anchoring property between forest root system and soil and device therefor - Google Patents
Method for researching friction anchoring property between forest root system and soil and device therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101629896A CN101629896A CN200910079464A CN200910079464A CN101629896A CN 101629896 A CN101629896 A CN 101629896A CN 200910079464 A CN200910079464 A CN 200910079464A CN 200910079464 A CN200910079464 A CN 200910079464A CN 101629896 A CN101629896 A CN 101629896A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for accurately testing friction anchoring property between forest root system and soil and a device therefor. More particularly, drawing and pressing load output by a frame-type testing machine can be utilized to act on the root system which is buried and planted in a test box body; a synchronous real-time loading displacement measuring device is adopted for data acquisition, so that the aim of testing the friction anchoring property between the root system and the soil interface can be achieved. The method and the device can be used for testing the frictional resistance between the forest root systems with different varieties of trees and diameters and the soil interface with different physical and mechanical properties in a quantitative way, can determine the relationship (constitutive relation of load for pulling out-displacement for pulling out) between relative slippage of the root system and the applied load, and accurately measures the deformation of the self of the root system under the action of the load for pulling out.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method and device of studying fine-root friction and soil anchoring property.Belong to automatic control and erosion and torrent control works technical field.
Background technology:
Forest is as the main body of terrestrial ecosystems, is familiar with by people day by day and payes attention in material production, the ordered structure of maintaining the ecosystem and the effect in the environmental protection.Science for a long time and practice confirm, vegetation is the most positive factor that prevents erosion forever, vegetation has improves the ecological environment, reduce soil erosion, water conservation, Gu the effect that Other Engineering measures such as native Gu Po are not had is the method for preventing and treating and the measure of a kind of economy, environmental protection, has irreplaceable vital role.Fine-root can improve domatic stability, can play the friction pile effect, and landslide, shallow top layer is had effective improvement and prevention effect about the solid native function of fine-root and improve studies show that of domatic anti-slide performance in domestic and international more than 70 years.
In recent years, the research about fine-root mainly concentrates on fields such as fine-root biomass, root system and soil environment (soil moisture, moisture, organism etc.) interaction.The instrumentation (CN1034994) of quantitative measurment root system of plant length is arranged, can measure extent of the root system quite accurately; Have and adopt the loseless method entirely accurate, nondestructively obtain the in-situ image of root system of plant, need not in-situ measuring method (CN1776357) from soil sampling just can carrying out root system geometry.A kind of root system of plant that has each sensitive factor such as comprehensive transpiration rate, root density distribution, soil water potential, soil water content, soil unsaturated hydraulic conductivity to propose absorbs the assay method (CN101162221) of soil moisture process can measure the root water uptake process.Invention (CN101126753) has the error that can reduce in traditional undercut division, utilizes water can measure the method for root system respiration effect.
The solid soil mechanics Study on Mechanism of root system need be based upon on the basis that the friction anchoring property on fine-root and the soil contact interface is fully studied, and the interface interaction characteristic of root system and soil has directly determined the internal stability of root soil complex.Inventor's Chen Lihuas etc. carry out the vertical strain test to whole tree under the identical situation of soil relief condition, and based on the coulomb theory, adopt the method for direct shear, explore the characteristic of root system and soil body interphase interaction.Research for the friction resistance action characteristic of root soil contact face is the key of the solid native Mechanism Study of root system, but directly the document of the method for the rubbing characteristics research between the mensuration root system and the soil body and device is considerably less at present.Filled up the blank of the relevant root pedosphere face mechanical property development test ways and means of the solid soil mechanism of former root system,
Summary of the invention:
But the invention provides a kind of accurately method and the device of the root system-soil friction anchoring property of quantitative measurement.Specifically, utilize exactly the drawing of frame-type testing machine output, press loading effect in heeling-in on the root system of test casing, adopt load transducer and displacement transducer the data in the process of the test to be gathered and sent into data acquisition system (DAS) in real time and preserve and handle, thereby reach the purpose of measuring the friction anchoring property on root system and the Soil Interface.
Test unit provided by the invention is a kind of gate-type structure, there is the motion crossbeam that can control its translational speed at the device middle part, bottom-up motion produces the pulling force that can obtain may command and mensuration, motion from up to down can obtain controllable pressure, and large-scale test body can be placed in the device bottom.This test unit comprises the framework be made up of H shaped steel, two rectilinear motion unit, load crossbeam, stepper motor, reductor, scrambler, PLC control device, load transducer, displacement transducer (LVDT), data acquisition system (DAS) etc. forms.
Sample casing volume provided by the present invention is big, can be by instruments such as trailer turnover testing machine.This sample casing is shapes such as cube, rectangular parallelepiped or right cylinder, and bottom half has cross bar to make big case assurance trailer above ground level can enter bottom half, and the casing periphery is fixed by screw rod, can repeatedly recycle.And the test casing is bigger, simultaneously embedding a plurality of fine-roots.Utilize the big volumetric spaces of sample casing, mechanical property and concretion state that can manual control soil be for the soil of simulating under the different land occupation conditions provides possibility.And because its inner space is big, embedding a plurality of fine-roots are arranged and distance according to difference simultaneously, the common mechanical characteristic of group's root of simulation fine-root fixation.
Test unit provided by the invention, crossbeam provides pulling force under situation about moving upward, can be used to measure fine-root (single or group's root) under the effect of extracting load with the friction anchoring effect of soil.Can control the pressure that also can measure and under the situation that crossbeam moves downward, can provide, therefore can utilize this device mensuration fine-root or timber, reinforced concrete pile under the effect that is pressed into load, be subjected to retardation from soil, and can measure root system or stake and be pressed into relation between relative slippage that produces under the load action and the load that applies (be pressed into load-be pressed into displacement constitutive relation), and can be determined at and be pressed under the load action, the distortion that root system or stake are taken place itself.
Test unit provided by the invention, by one of moving beam output fully can controlled motion load, and the motion crossbeam of load application can stop in the optional position in the scope of its movement travel.A fixing static crossbeam can be set in the bottom of testing machine portal frame just can form an omnipotent test unit with the motion crossbeam.Because the load that provides of this device be for all can accurately controlling up and down, so this device just can be transformed into can stretch, universal testing machine that resistance to compression, bending resistance etc. are tested, can measure fine-root tension, bending strength.
Test unit provided by the invention can be measured various types of soil and comprise: the friction anchoring property between red clay, swelled ground, loess, organophilic clay, sand etc. and various seeds, the different age of tree, different-diameter and the different growing environment tree root; And can measure various timbers, concrete-pile is being extracted load or is being pressed under the effect of load, and friction force between the Different Soil and the slippage that produces under load action.Frictional resistance on the fine-root of can the quantitative measurement different seeds of this method and apparatus, different-diameter and the Soil Interface of different physics, mechanical property, and the relation between the relative slippage that takes place of root system and the load that applies (extract load-extract displacement constitutive relation), and can accurately be determined at and extract under the load action distortion that root system itself is taken place.
Test unit provided by the invention can utilize the characteristics of this device lateral broad, can arrange simultaneously on its motion crossbeam and carry out the test of group root-soil friction anchoring property by a plurality of devices that connect with root system.And by the coupling arrangement that can move on to is set, arrange root system in the casing differently on this crossbeam, simulate the test of the root system-soil friction anchoring property of fine-root actual distribution so that be connected in.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the device of research fine-root and soil friction anchoring property: 1H shaped steel; 2 rectilinear motion unit; 3 moving beams; 4 stepper motors; 5 reductors; 6 scramblers; The 7PLC control box.
Fig. 2 implements illustration for pull method and apparatus research root system friction root system performance: 1H shaped steel; 2 rectilinear motion unit; 3 moving beams; 4 stepper motors; 5 reductors; 6 scramblers; The 7PLC control box; 9 load transducers; 10 data acquisition system (DAS)s; 11 displacement transducers; 12 test casings; 13 fine-root test specimens.
Fig. 3 implements illustration for the universal testing machine that test unit transform fine-root as: 1H shaped steel; 2 rectilinear motion unit; 3 moving beams; 4 stepper motors; 5 reductors; 6 scramblers; The 7PLC control box; 8 static crossbeams; 9 load transducers; 10 data acquisition system (DAS)s; 11 displacement transducers; 12 test casings; 13 fine-root test specimens.
Below by specific embodiment the inventive method and device are described in detail.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the fine-root of research and the friction anchoring property of soil, at first the test casing of packing into as requested from the soil of collection in worksite, and in advance the fine-root from collection in worksite is embedded in the middle of the soil, by coupling arrangement root system and test crossbeam are linked together (as shown in Figure 2).In coupling arrangement, have can the The real time measure trial load load transducer, the displacement transducer of extracting slippage and root system distortion with the The real time measure root system carries out synchronous acquisition, and the data sync that is collected by load transducer and displacement transducer in the process of the test is sent into data acquisition system (DAS) and write down, preserves.
In the present embodiment, the root system of being studied requires to measure its tension, bending strength, can transform test unit shown in Figure 1, in the bottom of framework a static crossbeam that does not move is installed, form an omnipotent test unit (as Fig. 3) with the motion crossbeam of load application, and then can measure tension, the bending strength of fine-root.With the tensile test is example, be connected with two crossbeams by coupling arrangement from the fine-root of collection in worksite, the load of load transducer in can the The real time measure process of the test arranged in the moving beam coupling arrangement, the displacement transducer of root system deflection carries out synchronous acquisition in the The real time measure process of the test, and the data sync that is collected by load transducer and displacement transducer in the process of the test is sent into data acquisition system (DAS) and write down, preserves.
Claims (6)
1, the invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of measuring the friction anchoring property of fine-root and soil.Specifically, utilize exactly the drawing of frame-type testing machine output, press loading effect in heeling-in on the root system of test casing, employing can be gathered the data acquisition system (DAS) of load, displacement and distortion etc. synchronously in real time and be carried out the collection of test figure, thereby reaches the purpose of measuring the friction anchoring property on root system and the Soil Interface.
2, method and apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this frame-type testing machine is a kind of gate-type structure, there is the motion crossbeam that can control its translational speed at the device middle part, bottom-up motion produces the pulling force that can obtain may command and mensuration, motion from up to down can obtain controllable pressure, and large-scale test body can be placed in the device bottom.
3, this frame-type testing machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being furnished with framework that H shaped steel forms, two rectilinear motion unit, load crossbeam, stepper motor, reductor, scrambler, PLC control device, can export the load that accurately to control.
4, sample casing according to claim 1 is characterized in that this device volume is big, can be by instruments such as trailer turnover testing machine.This sample casing is shapes such as cube, rectangular parallelepiped or right cylinder, and bottom half has cross bar to make big case assurance trailer above ground level can enter bottom half, and the casing periphery is fixed by screw rod, can repeatedly recycle.And the test casing is bigger, simultaneously embedding a plurality of fine-roots.
5, motion crossbeam according to claim 2, it is characterized in that testing machine can by one of this crossbeam output fully can controlled motion load, and the motion crossbeam of load application can stop in the optional position in the scope of its movement travel.A fixing static crossbeam is set in the bottom of the portal frame of this device just can forms an omnipotent test unit, can measure fine-root tension, bending strength with the motion crossbeam.
6, motion crossbeam according to claim 2 is characterized in that this device can utilize the characteristics of its horizontal broad, can arrange a plurality of devices that connect with root system thereon simultaneously, carries out the test of group root-soil friction anchoring property.And by the coupling arrangement that can move on to is set, arrange root system in the casing differently on this crossbeam, simulate the test of the root system-soil friction anchoring property of fine-root actual distribution so that be connected in.
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| CN200910079464A CN101629896A (en) | 2009-03-12 | 2009-03-12 | Method for researching friction anchoring property between forest root system and soil and device therefor |
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Cited By (9)
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| CN102564941A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-11 | 胡忠志 | Tree model device and experimental method |
| CN104132888A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-05 | 昆明理工大学 | Rhizosphere-soil root friction measuring apparatus |
| CN104280335A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-14 | 江苏大学 | Potting seedling pot-clamping removal mechanical property testing device |
| CN105486629A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Pressure-controllable root soil drawing experimental device |
| CN107796550A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-03-13 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of device and method for calculating the solid native actual cross-section withdrawal resistance of root system of plant in situ |
| CN108871950A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-23 | 重庆大学 | A kind of lower tree root of simulation high wind heavy rain effect topples over the model test apparatus of extraction destruction |
| CN110160954A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-08-23 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of single device and method with soil frictional force of measurement plant |
| CN111814303A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-10-23 | 西南交通大学 | Plant root mechanics model construction method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN116558473A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-08-08 | 西安绿环林业技术服务有限责任公司 | Vegetation investigation device for field ecological investigation |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102564941A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-11 | 胡忠志 | Tree model device and experimental method |
| CN104132888A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-05 | 昆明理工大学 | Rhizosphere-soil root friction measuring apparatus |
| CN104132888B (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-06-29 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of root soil root system friction measurement device |
| CN104280335B (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-08-24 | 江苏大学 | A kind of Plug seedling folder alms bowl disk stripping mechanical property testing device |
| CN104280335A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-14 | 江苏大学 | Potting seedling pot-clamping removal mechanical property testing device |
| CN105486629B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-12-11 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A kind of root soil drawing experimental provision of controllable pressure |
| CN105486629A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Pressure-controllable root soil drawing experimental device |
| CN107796550A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-03-13 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of device and method for calculating the solid native actual cross-section withdrawal resistance of root system of plant in situ |
| CN107796550B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2023-09-15 | 湖北工业大学 | Device and method for measuring and calculating pulling resistance of actual section of in-situ plant root system soil |
| CN108871950A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-23 | 重庆大学 | A kind of lower tree root of simulation high wind heavy rain effect topples over the model test apparatus of extraction destruction |
| CN108871950B (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2020-09-29 | 重庆大学 | Model test device for simulating tree root toppling, pulling and destroying under strong wind and rainstorm effect |
| CN110160954A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-08-23 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of single device and method with soil frictional force of measurement plant |
| CN110160954B (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2024-02-27 | 辽宁科技大学 | Device and method for measuring friction force between plant single element and soil |
| CN111814303A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-10-23 | 西南交通大学 | Plant root mechanics model construction method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN111814303B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-09-30 | 成都理工大学 | Plant root mechanics model construction method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN116558473A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-08-08 | 西安绿环林业技术服务有限责任公司 | Vegetation investigation device for field ecological investigation |
| CN116558473B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-09-26 | 西安绿环林业技术服务有限责任公司 | Vegetation investigation device for field ecological investigation |
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Application publication date: 20100120 |