CN101625766A - Method for processing medical images - Google Patents
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- CN101625766A CN101625766A CN200910109089A CN200910109089A CN101625766A CN 101625766 A CN101625766 A CN 101625766A CN 200910109089 A CN200910109089 A CN 200910109089A CN 200910109089 A CN200910109089 A CN 200910109089A CN 101625766 A CN101625766 A CN 101625766A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for processing medical images, comprising the following steps: A. c preprocessing two-dimensional images, and partitioning and extracting the preprocessed two-dimensional images; B. establishing surface mesh and body mesh moulds, adopting a subdivision algorithm for processing, and establishing a visualization platform; and C. adopting a light projection algorithm based on VTK for processing the two-dimensional images, and obtaining three-dimensional visualization images. When the method for processing medical images provided by the invention is adopted, fast batch processing can be carried out on the medical two-dimensional images, and three-dimensional visualization of the two-dimensional images can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of image processing, more particularly, relate to a kind of medical image processing method.
Background technology
Computed tomography (Computed Tomography, be called for short " CT ") and magnetic resonance imaging (Magnetic Resonance Imaging, abbreviation " MRI ") technology is an imaging technique commonly used in medical imaging diagnosis, and it mainly removes to find the pathology body by the two-dimensional slice image of observing one group of CT or MRI.Yet, resulting section can only provide the two dimensional image of inside of human body, two dimensional image can only be represented the anatomic information at some interfaces, the doctor can only be gone to estimate the size and the shape of focus by rule of thumb by two-dimensional images, " design " goes out the three-dimensional geometry relation of focus and surrounding tissue thereof, thereby brought difficulty to treatment.In addition, in radiation therapy is used, only carry out simple coordinate stack, can not provide 3-dimensional image accurately, cause the distortion and the distortion of pathology location easily by some anatomic information on the two dimensional image.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, being necessary to provide a kind of can handle and the medical image processing method of three-dimensional visualization X-Y scheme.
Described medical image processing method comprises: A. carries out pre-service to two dimensional image, and preprocessed two-dimensional images is carried out segmented extraction; B. set up surface mesh and volume mesh model, adopt algorithm of subdivision to handle, set up visual platform; C. adopt based on the ray cast algorithm of VTK two dimensional image is handled, obtain the three-dimensional visualization image.
Preferably, the process of in the described steps A two dimensional image being carried out segmented extraction is specifically: adopt automatic partitioning algorithm and manually cut apart collaborative mode of carrying out two dimensional image is carried out segmented extraction, and adopt real-time, customizable three-dimensional rendering structure that the result of described segmented extraction is observed and adjusts.
Preferably, the step of setting up surface mesh and volume mesh model among the described step B also comprises: on the visual c++ platform, by algorithm described two dimensional image is carried out in batches, handles fast and automatically, realize many image demonstrations, fileinfo demonstration, image local amplification, image format conversion, Image Automatic Segmentation, image sharpening, histogram equalization and the processing of image pseudo-colours.
And described step C specifically can comprise:
The data pre-service;
The data value classification;
Compose color value and opacity value to data point;
Resample;
Adopt the image composition algorithm to generate final three-dimensional visualization image.
Further preferably, the step of described resampling is specifically: each pixel from screen sends a ray that passes 3 d data field according to the direction of observation of setting, select a plurality of equidistant sampled points along described ray, the color value and the opacity value of eight data points that the described sampled point of adjusting the distance is nearest are done the cubic curve difference, obtain the color value and the opacity value of described sampled point.
Also comprise before the step of described resampling: the 3 d data field that will have color value and opacity value is corresponding image space coordinate by the physical space coordinate conversion, use the central difference method to obtain the Grad of each data point, replace normal vector with gradient, and calculate the brightness values of each data point.
In addition, described method also can comprise: utilize the three-dimensional pick-up algorithm to pick up the volume coordinate of corresponding point in the described three-dimensional visualization image, adopt 2 distance calculation formula to obtain the distance between any 2 in the described three-dimensional visualization image.
Described method also can comprise: come described three-dimensional visualization image is cut at any angle by normal vector and the interior point that virtual tangent plane is set, obtain virtual sliced sheet information and read described virtual sliced sheet information and show.
Described method also can comprise: the definition cutting planes, pass through the position that the parameter of point coordinate and normal vector is determined described cutting planes by adjusting the plane, and realize described three-dimensional visualization image is carried out plane cutting at any angle.
Described method also can comprise: generate the rectangular parallelepiped model in screen, in six faces and the center definition controllable dot of described rectangular parallelepiped model, cut alternately by the rectangular parallelepiped that the operation of described controllable dot is carried out described three-dimensional visualization image.
Above-mentioned medical science graphic processing method by two dimensional image is carried out segmented extraction, and on the basis of image segmentation, is set up surface mesh and volume mesh model, realizes the batch of two dimensional image, handles fast and automatically; And adopt and two dimensional image is handled, thereby obtain visual 3-D view based on the ray cast algorithm of VTK.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a medical image processing method among the embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram that adopts ray cast algorithm process two dimensional image among the embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of the resampling in the ray cast algorithm among the embodiment.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows a medical image processing method flow process among the embodiment, and detailed process is as follows:
In step S101, two dimensional image is carried out pre-service, and preprocessed two-dimensional images is carried out segmented extraction.
In step S102, set up surface mesh and volume mesh model, adopt algorithm of subdivision to handle, set up visual platform.
In step S103, adopt and two dimensional image is handled based on the ray cast algorithm of VTK, obtain the three-dimensional visualization image.
The above-mentioned pre-service that two dimensional image is carried out comprises processing such as image sharpening, denoisings.In one embodiment, adopt automatic partitioning algorithm and manually cut apart collaborative mode of carrying out preprocessed two-dimensional images is carried out segmented extraction.At different cutting objects (for example outline, inner structure or other privileged sites), need the different automatic partitioning algorithm of design, and, the result of cutting apart is automatically revised and replenishes in conjunction with manual cutting operation.In one embodiment, adopt real-time, customizable three-dimensional rendering structure that the result of segmented extraction is observed and adjusts.
In one embodiment, on the basis that image segmentation is extracted, set up surface mesh and volume mesh model.In order to improve mesh quality, adopt algorithm of subdivision to handle, further improve grid generation, surface rendering, body rendering speed and quality.In one embodiment, on Visual C++ platform, carry out the batch of medical science two dimensional image, handle fast and automatically by algorithm, realize many operations such as image demonstration, fileinfo demonstration, image local amplification, image format conversion, Image Automatic Segmentation, image sharpening, histogram equalization and the processing of image pseudo-colours.After finishing surface mesh and volume mesh, set up visual platform.
Above-mentioned VTK (Visualization Toolkit) is that it can embed in any developing instrument at the Software tool bag of 2D, 3D graph image and visual user design.VTK has merged three dimensional computer graphics, Flame Image Process and visual three big technology, has comprised numerous Flame Image Process and figure generating algorithm, is a kind of popular image applications Software Development Platform.
Fig. 2 shows the method flow that adopts ray cast algorithm process two dimensional image among the embodiment, and detailed process is as follows:
In step S201, carry out the data pre-service.In one embodiment, to data carry out pre-service comprise raw data format conversion, reject redundant data and derive functions such as needed data.
In step S202, carry out the data value classification.
In step S203, compose color value and opacity value to data point.In one embodiment,, it is divided into some classes, and gives different color values and opacity value for every class data, in the hope of the different distributions of representing multiple material more exactly or the different attribute of one matter according to the difference of data value.
In step S204, resample.As shown in Figure 3, in one embodiment, the detailed process that resamples is: each pixel from screen sends a ray that passes 3 d data field according to the direction of observation of setting, select a plurality of equidistant sampled points along described ray, the color value and the opacity value of eight data points that the described sampled point of adjusting the distance is nearest are done the cubic curve difference, obtain the color value and the opacity value of described sampled point.
In one embodiment, before resampling, the 3 d data field that need will have color value and opacity value is corresponding image space coordinate by the physical space coordinate conversion.Be to increase fidelity, need to increase the light and shade effect, it is as follows to use the central difference method to obtain the Grad of each data point:
Wherein, f (I, j, k) expression three-dimensional space data.Replace normal vector with gradient, can adopt traditional Phone Model Calculation to go out the brightness values of each data point.
In step S205, adopt the image composition algorithm to generate the three-dimensional visualization image.In one embodiment, the detailed process of step S205 is: the color value of each sampled point on every ray and opacity value are used the image composition algorithm, obtain sending the color value at the pixel place of this ray, generate final three-dimensional visualization image.
After obtaining the three-dimensional visualization image, can be by man-machine interaction, realize to the 3-D view after visual be rotated, simple interactive operation such as convergent-divergent, translation.In addition, also can carry out various complex interaction operations, will be described in detail these complex interaction operations below the 3-D view after visual.
(1) quantitative measurment
Utilize the three-dimensional pick-up algorithm to pick up the volume coordinate of corresponding point in the three-dimensional visualization image, adopt 2 distance calculation formula to obtain the distance between any 2 in the three-dimensional visualization image.
In one embodiment, the VTK class libraries provides the vtkPointPicker class to realize that its principle is from the observer, sends Ray Of Light to picking up of putting, and the position that mouse is present projects to be observed in the object, and the point that projection produces then is the point that picks up.Use the vtkPointPicker class, need call back function that the incident of picking up is handled of definition, this function need satisfy shape as:
void?PickerInteractionCallback
(vtkObject*vtkNotUsed(object)，unsigned?long?event，
void*clientdata，void*vtkNotUsed(calldata))
Assertion format, in pick-up, the incident of picking up is observed then, at last its being formulated is a specific mutual pick-up, the three-dimensional coordinate measurement of implementation space point.Obtain the three-dimensional coordinate of two points according to the three-dimensional pick-up algorithm, adopt 2 following computing formula, then can try to achieve the accurate distance of any point-to-point transmission.
Wherein, D is 2 p in the space
1(x
1, y
1, z
1), p
2(x
2, y
2, z
2) between space length.
In like manner, 3 p in the known spatial
1(x
1, y
1, z
1), p
2(x
2, y
2, z
2), p
3(x
3, y
3, z
3) coordinate, can try to achieve distance between 3 by above-mentioned formula.And adopt the cosine law of following formula can calculate the angle on both sides, thereby finish the space quantitative measurment.
cos?A＝(b
2+c
2-a
2)/2bc
(2) virtual sliced sheet extracts
Come the three-dimensional visualization image is cut at any angle by normal vector and the interior point that virtual tangent plane is set, obtain virtual sliced sheet information and read described virtual sliced sheet information and show.
In one embodiment, obtain the virtual sliced sheet at a certain angle of three-dimensional visualization image and position, then need determine the normal vector on this plane, section place and a point on this plane, after getting access to the normal vector and a point on this plane on section plane, place, then can determine plane, virtual sliced sheet place according to following some French equation.
a
1(x-x
0)+a
2(y-y
0)+a
3(z-z
0)＝0
Wherein, the point on the plane is p (x
0, y
0, z
0), normal vector is
After the incision direction of section and point of penetration are determined, also just determined a central axis, use the vtkImagePlaneWidget class in the VTK class libraries to realize the three-dimensional body after rebuilding is cut and obtain virtual sliced sheet information, use the vtkImageMapToColors class then to can read virtual sliced sheet information and show virtual tangent plane picture.
(3) plane cutting
The definition cutting planes passes through the position that the parameter of point coordinate and normal vector is determined cutting planes by adjusting the plane, realizes the three-dimensional visualization image is carried out plane cutting at any angle.
For the object behind the three-dimensional reconstruction, often need to cut, so that observe the specific objective of physical internal.In VTK, by vtkPlane class definition cutting planes, defined function S etOrigin () and SetNormal () in the vtkPlane class, be respectively applied for position and the direction of determining cutting planes, as follows about the concrete parameter of these two functions:
SetOrigin (float x, float y, float z) definition plane through a some P (x, y, coordinate z), x wherein, y, z are respectively horizontal ordinate, ordinate and the ordinates of a P.SetNormal (float x, float y, float z) definition planar process to, normal vector be n (x, y, z).
In one embodiment, then can change the position of cutting planes through the parameter of point and normal vector by adjusting the plane, thus the plane cutting at any angle of the three-dimensional body after realizing rebuilding.In addition, also can define a plurality of planes simultaneously and cut, for example, volume data be cut, just can obtain the section of volume data with two parallel planes.
(4) rectangular parallelepiped cuts alternately
Generate the rectangular parallelepiped model in screen, six faces and center definition controllable dot at described rectangular parallelepiped model realize that by the operation to controllable dot the rectangular parallelepiped of three-dimensional visualization image cuts alternately.
In one embodiment, generate a rectangular parallelepiped model by the vtkBoxWidget class in the VTK class libraries at screen, and define controllable point at its six faces and center and carry out operations such as convergent-divergent, translation, rotation, thereby can cut the three-dimensional body after rebuilding very intuitively.Use the vtkBoxWidget class, at first need specify one to inherit in the class of vtkCommand and handle alternative events, such all can add six faces of rectangular parallelepiped when finishing alternately at every turn as cutting planes, the effect of generation is exactly the figure of rebuilding after object is cut by rectangular parallelepiped.Define the initial position of vtkBoxWidget and surface properties etc. then, the example of the processing class that will define is at last formulated and is the processing class of alternative events.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of medical image processing method is characterized in that, described method comprises:
A. two dimensional image is carried out pre-service, and preprocessed two-dimensional images is carried out segmented extraction;
B. set up surface mesh and volume mesh model, adopt algorithm of subdivision to handle, set up visual platform;
C. adopt based on the ray cast algorithm of VTK two dimensional image is handled, obtain the three-dimensional visualization image.
2, medical image processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the process of in the described steps A two dimensional image being carried out segmented extraction is specifically: adopt automatic partitioning algorithm and manually cut apart collaborative mode of carrying out two dimensional image is carried out segmented extraction, and adopt real-time, customizable three-dimensional rendering structure that the result of described segmented extraction is observed and adjusts.
3, medical image processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the step of setting up surface mesh and volume mesh model among the described step B also comprises: on Visual C++ platform, by algorithm described two dimensional image is carried out in batches, handles fast and automatically, realize many image demonstrations, fileinfo demonstration, image local amplification, image format conversion, Image Automatic Segmentation, image sharpening, histogram equalization and the processing of image pseudo-colours.
4, medical image processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step C specifically comprises:
The data pre-service;
The data value classification;
Compose color value and opacity value to data point;
Resample;
Adopt the image composition algorithm to generate final three-dimensional visualization image.
5, medical image processing method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the step of described resampling is specifically: each pixel from screen sends a ray that passes 3 d data field according to the direction of observation of setting, select a plurality of equidistant sampled points along described ray, the color value and the opacity value of eight data points that the described sampled point of adjusting the distance is nearest are done the cubic curve difference, obtain the color value and the opacity value of described sampled point.
6, medical image processing method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, also comprise before the step of described resampling: the 3 d data field that will have color value and opacity value is corresponding image space coordinate by the physical space coordinate conversion, use the central difference method to obtain the Grad of each data point, replace normal vector with gradient, and calculate the brightness values of each data point.
7, medical image processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises: utilize the three-dimensional pick-up algorithm to pick up the volume coordinate of corresponding point in the described three-dimensional visualization image, adopt 2 distance calculation formula to obtain the distance between any 2 in the described three-dimensional visualization image.
8, medical image processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises: come described three-dimensional visualization image is cut at any angle by normal vector and the interior point that virtual tangent plane is set, obtain virtual sliced sheet information and read described virtual sliced sheet information and show.
9, medical image processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises: the definition cutting planes, pass through the position that the parameter of point coordinate and normal vector is determined described cutting planes by adjusting the plane, realize described three-dimensional visualization image is carried out plane cutting at any angle.
10, medical image processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises: generate the rectangular parallelepiped model in screen, in six faces and the center definition controllable dot of described rectangular parallelepiped model, cut alternately by the rectangular parallelepiped that the operation of described controllable dot is carried out described three-dimensional visualization image.
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| CN102945127A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-02-27 | 深圳市旭东数字医学影像技术有限公司 | Interactive method for volume rendering displaying and system thereof |
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