CN101624683A - Ultra-high strength bainite rail steel and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Ultra-high strength bainite rail steel and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to ultra-high strength bainite rail steel and a manufacturing method thereof. The technical proposal is as follows: the casting billet comprises the following chemical components: 0.20-0.50wt% of C, 1.10-1.70wt% of Si, 1.60-2.40wt% of Mn, 1.00-1.60wt% of Cr, 0.10-0.60wt% of Mo, 0.05-1.20wt% of Al, P less than 0.015wt%, S less than 0.010wt% and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities. The method is characterized by carrying out die casting or continuous casting after steel making and refining; soaking the casting billet at the temperature of 1150-1250 DEG C for 2.0-3.0h, hot rolling and cooling the casting billet; austenitizing the casting billet at the temperature of 850-1050 DEG C for 0.2-0.6h; then insulating the casting billet at the temperature of 300-600 DEG C in the nitrogen atmosphere for 2.0-6.0h, or insulating the casting billet at the temperature of 300-600 DEG C in the nitrogen atmosphere and in the strong magnetic field of 8-12T for 0.2-1.0h. The invention has the characteristics of low cost and simple process, and the manufactured steel plates have good properties.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the ultrahigh-strength steel technical field.Relate in particular to a kind of ultra-high strength bainite rail steel and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
The rail steel of research has ferrite rail steel, perlitic steel rail steel, sorbite rail steel, austenitic steel rail steel, bainitic steel rail steel at present.Obdurability to the inside of continue improving rail and surface quality, raising rail has had the trend that develops on a large scale very much with the requirement that adapts to heavily loaded high-speed railway.Intensity, hardness, notch shock toughness and the anti-limit that plays to rail steel all are greatly improved, but also there are the following problems:
(1) for the ferrite rail steel, carbon content is low, the carbon content of rail steel is lower than eutectoid composition, but its manganese content is far above carbon steel, and its metallographic structure is that ferrite adds perlite, and intensity is very low, wear resisting property is poor, in recent years along with freight volume and the heavy increase of axle, rail abrasion is serious, and brittle failure often takes place rail.As " ferritic steel and production method thereof and purposes " (CN1190997), " ferritic steel alloy " (CN1688734), " high-toughness high-strength ferritic steel and production method thereof " (CN1410585), " granule carbonide reinforced ferritic steel and preparation method thereof " (CN101041881), " creep-resistant ferritic steel " patented technology such as (CN101384743).
(2) for the perlitic steel rail steel, the life-span of rail still is unsatisfactory, and also there is the low problem of fragility and fracture toughness property in the especially abrasion of rail on the curve and the rail on the heavy-haul line and peel off equivalent damage.As " perlite rail of high abrasion resistance and manufacture method thereof " (CN1140473), " a kind of ultra-fine pearlite high-strength rail steel and preparation method thereof " (CN1884606), " Pealite like thermal treating steel rail and production method thereof " (CN1793403), " pearlite like high strength low alloy rail steel and production method thereof " patented technology such as (CN1793402).
(3) for the austenitic steel rail steel, rail can demonstrate very high wear resistance under the work hardening condition, is 5 times of perlitic steel rail steel, but complex treatment process, plasticity and toughness are bad, and fragility is big, and rail steel only is used for making track switch, road junction etc.As " manufacture method of austenitic steel with high contents of Si and Mn " (CN85108344), " nickel-pour austenitic steel " (CN1351674), " a kind of high strength austenite steel crystal fining method and miter angle extruding deforming mould " (CN1587422), " application of the austenitic steel of low nickel " (CN1495281), " producing the method for sheets of austenitic iron/carbon/manganese steel and the sheet material of so producing " patented technology such as (CN101263233).
(4) for the martensitic steel rail steel, intensity and hardness are very big, but plasticity and toughness are very poor, complex process.As " a kind of thermal forming martensite steel " (CN101275200), " a kind of ultrahigh-strength thermal forming martensitic steel " (CN101270453), " tensile strength is higher than hot rolling martensite steel plate and the manufacture method thereof of 1000MPa " (CN101008066), " hot-rolled super-strength martensitic steel and manufacture method thereof " (CN101041879), " a kind of thermal forming martensite steel " patented technology such as (CN101275200).
(5) for not thermal treatment or few heat treated air-colled bainite rail steel, be organized as the bainite/martensite heterogeneous structure, fracture toughness property is lower than the tempered martensite under the identical yield strength, and intensity is not high especially, and toughness neither be good especially.As " middle low Carbon Manganese series air-cooled bainitic steels " (CN1477226), " middle carbon and medium high carbon manganese series air-cooled bainitic steels " (CN1477225), " multielement micro-alloyed air cooled bainitic steel " (CN1189542), " air-cooled bainite steel with high toughness and high quenching performance " (CN1078269), " middle carbon air-cooled Mn/B bainitic steel " (CN86103008), " medium high carbon air-cooled Mn/B bainitic steel " (CN86103009), " low carbon air cooled nodular bainite steel " patented technology such as (CN85100080).
(6) for general (surpassing) low-carbon bainite rail steel, carbon content is not high, main alloy element Si, Mn, Cr, Mo content are few, bainite transformation temperature height, this technology interalloy Al content seldom or do not have, bainite transformation is chronic, and the production process complexity, link is many, production cost is high; Tough, plasticity is good, but intensity generally is no more than 1500MPa.As " low-carbon bainite steel and preparation method thereof " (CN101104906), " a kind of preparation method of ultra high temperature bainitic steel in ultralow carbon " (CN1916195), " bainitic steel rail and manufacture method thereof that the weld part connectivity is good " (CN1211633), " a kind of ultra-low-carbon bainite steel and production method thereof " (CN1521285), " bainite steel of high strength and tenacity " (CN1036231), " the bainitic steel rail with the damaging and high-wearing feature of high anti-surface fatigue " (CN1255949), patented technology such as " resistance to wear; high-strong toughness meta-bainite rail and manufacture method thereof " (CN1510156).
By above-mentioned analysis as can be seen:
The various rail steel capital is a high intensity levels, and the superstrength rank is not then seen and related to; Various rail steels adopt valuable alloying element Ni or Ti etc., cost of alloy height; The intensity of various rail steels, toughness and extension property are difficult to coupling simultaneously; The manufacturing of various rail steels and complete processing complexity.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency, and purpose provides that a kind of with low cost, technology is simple, the ultra-high strength bainite rail steel and the manufacture method thereof of excellent property.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: or with molten iron or with steel scrap or with molten iron and steel scrap after steel-making and refining, carry out die casting or continuous casting, hot rolling and thermal treatment.
The chemical ingredients and the content thereof of strand are: C is 0.20～0.50wt%, Si is 1.10～1.70wt%, Mn is 1.60～2.40wt%, Cr is 1.00～1.60wt%, Mo is 0.10～0.60wt%, and Al is 0.05～1.20wt%, P＜0.015wt%, S＜0.010wt%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Wherein: Si, Mn, Cr, Mo and Al strand in the content sum less than 5.00wt%.
Hot rolling and process of thermal treatment are: earlier with strand soaking 2.0～3.0 hours under 1150～1250 ℃ of conditions, hot rolling, naturally cooling; Again with cooled steel plate austenitizing 0.2～0.6 hour under 850～1050 ℃ of conditions; Under 300～600 ℃ of conditions, under nitrogen atmosphere, be incubated 2.0～6.0 hours then, cool to room temperature with the furnace, or insulation 0.2 hour～1.0 hours under the high-intensity magnetic field condition of 300～600 ℃, nitrogen atmosphere and 8～12T, cool to room temperature with the furnace.
Because adopt technique scheme, the present invention is based on cheap Si, Mn, Cr element, has only elements such as a spot of Mo, Al, so with low cost; With the hot rolling and the process of thermal treatment of rolling+normalizing+quenching, technology is simple.
The microstructure of the ultra-high strength bainite rail steel of manufacturing of the present invention is that nano level bainite ferrite lath is a matrix, the distributing super fine organization of retained austenite of disperse.Bainite ferrite is the sosoloid of supersaturation carbon, is similar to martensitic stucture, has very high toughness and breaking resistance; Austenite is the toughness phase, be distributed on the bainite ferrite lath or between the lath, be subjected under the external force effect viscous deformation taking place, absorb and consumed energy, delay the expansion of crackle, extremely beneficial to the toughness that improves sheet material, stress can undergo phase transition induced plasticity effect (TRIP effect) when big, has further improved the toughness of steel.Because of the solution strengthening of carbon, dislocations strengthening, lath of bainite reinforcement, induced plasticity reinforcement etc., the mechanical property of bainitic steel rail steel just can reach higher intensity rank in rolling attitude.Handle the atomic scale that the stable state high-intensity magnetic field can contactlessly be delivered to high-intensity energy material through brief heat treating and high-intensity magnetic field, change arrangement, coupling and the migration etc. of atom, can quicken the transformation of bainite, the tissue and the performance of bainite exerted an influence.Thereby obtain tensile strength and be 1500～2000MPa, hardness and be 520～610HV, unit elongation and be 17～28% and fracture toughness be 20～30MPam
1/2Ultra-high strength bainite rail steel.
Thus, the present invention has simple, the with low cost and technology characteristic of simple of chemical ingredients, the steel rail steel of manufacturing has intensity height, toughness height, antifatigue, wear-resisting, Nai Hou and excellent properties such as anti-corrosion, is widely used at a high speed, the rail of heavy duty and the manufacturing of track switch and other similar high-intensity high-tenacity steel component.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention being further described, is not limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of manufacture method of ultra-high strength bainite rail steel.The chemical ingredients and the content thereof of strand are: C is 0.35～0.50wt%, Si is 1.40～1.70wt%, Mn is 1.60～2.00wt%, Cr is 1.30～1.60wt%, Mo is 0.30～0.60wt%, and Al is 0.05～0.60wt%, P＜0.015wt%, S＜0.010wt%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.Wherein: Si, Mn, Cr, Mo and the Al content sum in strand is less than 5.00wt%.
Molten iron after steel-making and refining, is carried out die casting, hot rolling and thermal treatment.Hot rolling and process of thermal treatment are: earlier with strand soaking 2.0～3.0 hours under 1200～1250 ℃ of conditions, hot rolling, naturally cooling; Again with cooled steel plate austenitizing 0.4～0.6 hour under 850～950 ℃ of conditions; Under nitrogen atmosphere and 300～450 ℃ of conditions, be incubated 4.0～6.0 hours then, cool to room temperature with the furnace.
The ultra-high strength bainite rail steel of present embodiment manufacturing: tensile strength is 1800～2000MPa; Hardness is 570～610HV; Unit elongation is 21～24%; Toughness is 23～28MPam
1/2
Embodiment 2
A kind of manufacture method of ultra-high strength bainite rail steel.The chemical ingredients and the content thereof of strand are: C is 0.35～0.50wt%, Si is 1.40～1.70wt%, Mn is 1.60～2.00wt%, Cr is 1.30～1.60wt%, Mo is 0.30～0.60wt%, and Al is 0.60～1.20wt%, P＜0.015wt%, S＜0.010wt%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.Si, Mn, Cr, Mo and Al strand in the content sum less than 5.00wt%.
Steel scrap after steel-making and refining, is carried out continuous casting, hot rolling and thermal treatment.Hot rolling and process of thermal treatment are: earlier with strand soaking 2.0～3.0 hours under 1200～1250 ℃ of conditions, hot rolling, naturally cooling; Again with cooled steel plate austenitizing 0.4～0.6 hour under 850～950 ℃ of conditions; Insulation 0.5 hour～1.0 hours under the high-intensity magnetic field condition of 300～450 ℃, nitrogen atmosphere and 10～12T then cools to room temperature with the furnace.
The ultra-high strength bainite rail steel of present embodiment manufacturing: its tensile strength can reach 1700～1900MPa; Hardness can reach 550～590HV; Unit elongation can reach 17～20%; Toughness can reach 20～25MPam
1/2
Embodiment 3
A kind of manufacture method of ultra-high strength bainite rail steel.The chemical ingredients and the content thereof of strand are: C is 0.20～0.35wt%, Si is 1.10～1.40wt%, Mn is 2.00～2.40wt%, Cr is 1.00～1.30wt%, Mo is 0.10～0.30wt%, and Al is 0.05～0.60wt%, P＜0.015wt%, S＜0.010wt%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.Si, Mn, Cr, Mo and Al strand in the content sum less than 5.00wt%.
Molten iron and steel scrap after steel-making and refining, are carried out continuous casting, hot rolling and thermal treatment.Hot rolling and process of thermal treatment are: earlier with strand soaking 2.0～3.0 hours under 1150～1200 ℃ of conditions, hot rolling, naturally cooling; Again with cooled steel plate austenitizing 0.2～0.4 hour under 950～1050 ℃ of conditions; Under nitrogen atmosphere and 450～600 ℃ of conditions, be incubated 2.0～4.0 hours then, cool to room temperature with the furnace.
The ultra-high strength bainite rail steel of present embodiment manufacturing: tensile strength is that 1600～1800MPa, hardness are that 540～580HV, unit elongation are 25～28%, toughness is 24～29MPam
1/2
Embodiment 4
A kind of manufacture method of ultra-high strength bainite rail steel.The chemical ingredients and the content thereof of strand are: C is 0.20～0.35wt%, Si is 1.10～1.40wt%, Mn is 2.00～2.40wt%, Cr is 1.00～1.30wt%, Mo is 0.10～0.30wt%, and Al is 0.60～1.20wt%, P＜0.015wt%, S＜0.010wt%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.Si, Mn, Cr, Mo and Al strand in the content sum less than 5.00wt%.
Molten iron after steel-making and refining, is carried out die casting, hot rolling and thermal treatment.Hot rolling and process of thermal treatment are: earlier with strand soaking 2.0～3.0 hours under 1150～1200 ℃ of conditions, hot rolling, naturally cooling; Again with cooled steel plate austenitizing 0.2～0.4 hour under 950～1050 ℃ of conditions; Insulation 0.2 hour～0.5 hour under the high-intensity magnetic field condition of 450～600 ℃, nitrogen atmosphere and 8～10T then cools to room temperature with the furnace.
The ultra-high strength bainite rail steel of present embodiment manufacturing: tensile strength is 1500～1700MPa; Hardness is 520～560HV; Unit elongation is 21～24%; Toughness is 25～30MPam
1/2
This embodiment is based on cheap Si, Mn, Cr element, has only elements such as a spot of Mo, Al, so with low cost; With the hot rolling and the process of thermal treatment of rolling+normalizing+quenching, technology is simple.
The microstructure of the ultra-high strength bainite rail steel of this embodiment manufacturing is that nano level bainite ferrite lath is a matrix, the distributing super fine organization of retained austenite of disperse.Bainite ferrite is the sosoloid of supersaturation carbon, is similar to martensitic stucture, has very high toughness and breaking resistance; Austenite is the toughness phase, be distributed on the bainite ferrite lath or between the lath, be subjected under the external force effect viscous deformation taking place, absorb and consumed energy, delay the expansion of crackle, extremely beneficial to the toughness that improves sheet material, stress can undergo phase transition induced plasticity effect (TRIP effect) when big, has further improved the toughness of steel.Because of the solution strengthening of carbon, dislocations strengthening, lath of bainite reinforcement, induced plasticity reinforcement etc., the mechanical property of bainitic steel rail steel just can reach higher intensity rank in rolling attitude.Handle the atomic scale that the stable state high-intensity magnetic field can contactlessly be delivered to high-intensity energy material through brief heat treating and high-intensity magnetic field, change arrangement, coupling and the migration etc. of atom, can quicken the transformation of bainite, the tissue and the performance of bainite exerted an influence.Thereby obtain tensile strength and be 1500～2000MPa, hardness and be 520～610HV, unit elongation and be 17～28% and fracture toughness be 20～30MPam
1/2Ultra-high strength bainite rail steel.
This embodiment has simple, the with low cost and technology characteristic of simple of chemical ingredients, the steel rail steel of manufacturing has intensity height, toughness height, antifatigue, wear-resisting, Nai Hou and excellent properties such as anti-corrosion, is widely used at a high speed, the rail of heavy duty and the manufacturing of track switch and other similar high-intensity high-tenacity steel component.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of manufacture method of ultra-high strength bainite rail steel, it is characterized in that or with molten iron with steel scrap or with molten iron and steel scrap after steel-making and refining, carry out die casting or continuous casting, hot rolling and thermal treatment;
The chemical ingredients and the content thereof of strand are: C is 0.20～0.50wt%, Si is 1.10～1.70wt%, Mn is 1.60～2.40wt%, Cr is 1.00～1.60wt%, Mo is 0.10～0.60wt%, and Al is 0.05～1.20wt%, P＜0.015wt%, S＜0.010wt%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2, the manufacture method of ultra-high strength bainite rail steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that described hot rolling and process of thermal treatment are: earlier with strand soaking 2.0～3.0 hours under 1150～1250 ℃ of conditions, hot rolling, naturally cooling; Again with cooled steel plate austenitizing 0.2～0.6 hour under 850～1050 ℃ of conditions; Under 300～600 ℃ of conditions, in nitrogen atmosphere, be incubated 2.0～6.0 hours then, cool to room temperature with the furnace, or insulation 1.0 hours～4.0 hours under the high-intensity magnetic field condition of 300～600 ℃, nitrogen atmosphere and 8～12T, cool to room temperature with the furnace.
3, the manufacture method of ultra-high strength bainite rail steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described Si, Mn, Cr, Mo and Al strand in the content sum less than 5.00wt%.
4, according to the ultra-high strength bainite rail steel of the manufacture method manufacturing of each described ultra-high strength bainite rail steel in the claim 1～3.
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Cited By (10)
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| CN101921971A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2010-12-22 | 北京特冶工贸有限责任公司 | Bainite steel and bainite steel rail used for curve and heavy load steel rail, and production method thereof |
| CN102601502A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-07-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Re-nanocrystallization welding device for nanometer bainite steel and method |
| CN103436663A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-12-11 | 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 | Technique for improving hot-rolling elongation of steel for bainite steel rail |
| CN103993243A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-20 | 东北大学 | Super-strength bainite steel plate and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018076965A1 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Cold-rolled high-strength steel having tensile strength of not less than 1500 mpa and excellent formability, and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN108676987A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-10-19 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of preparation method containing the super bainitic steel of the high silicon of nanometer cementite |
| CN108754098A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-06 | 武汉科技大学 | It is a kind of regulation and control nanostructure bainitic steel in carbon distribute heat treatment method |
| CN109468428A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-15 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | The method of phosphorus content in a kind of tough Properties of Heavy Rail Steel of converter control height |
| CN110468347A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-19 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of high-strength tenacity bainite rail and its manufacturing method |
| CN111394661A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-10 | 西京学院 | Preparation process of low-alloy high-strength-toughness martensite duplex phase steel |
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| GB2297094B (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 1998-09-23 | British Steel Plc | Improvements in and relating to Carbide-Free Bainitic Steels |
| CN101225499B (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2010-04-21 | 上海交通大学 | Low-alloy super-strength multiphase steel and heat treatment method thereof |
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- 2009-08-11 CN CN2009100635812A patent/CN101624683B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101921971A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2010-12-22 | 北京特冶工贸有限责任公司 | Bainite steel and bainite steel rail used for curve and heavy load steel rail, and production method thereof |
| CN102601502A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-07-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Re-nanocrystallization welding device for nanometer bainite steel and method |
| CN103436663A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-12-11 | 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 | Technique for improving hot-rolling elongation of steel for bainite steel rail |
| CN103993243A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-20 | 东北大学 | Super-strength bainite steel plate and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018076965A1 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Cold-rolled high-strength steel having tensile strength of not less than 1500 mpa and excellent formability, and manufacturing method therefor |
| US11279986B2 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2022-03-22 | Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. | Cold-rolled high-strength steel having tensile strength of not less than 1500 MPA and excellent formability, and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN108676987A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-10-19 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of preparation method containing the super bainitic steel of the high silicon of nanometer cementite |
| CN108754098A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-06 | 武汉科技大学 | It is a kind of regulation and control nanostructure bainitic steel in carbon distribute heat treatment method |
| CN109468428A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-15 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | The method of phosphorus content in a kind of tough Properties of Heavy Rail Steel of converter control height |
| CN110468347A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-19 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of high-strength tenacity bainite rail and its manufacturing method |
| CN110468347B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-07-06 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Bainite steel rail with high strength and toughness and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111394661A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-10 | 西京学院 | Preparation process of low-alloy high-strength-toughness martensite duplex phase steel |
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