CN101624666A - High-temperature alterant and method for purifying fusant by adopting same - Google Patents
High-temperature alterant and method for purifying fusant by adopting same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101624666A CN101624666A CN200810116522A CN200810116522A CN101624666A CN 101624666 A CN101624666 A CN 101624666A CN 200810116522 A CN200810116522 A CN 200810116522A CN 200810116522 A CN200810116522 A CN 200810116522A CN 101624666 A CN101624666 A CN 101624666A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006025 fining agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013038 hand mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 rare earth compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QBWKPGNFQQJGFY-QLFBSQMISA-N 3-[(1r)-1-[(2r,6s)-2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl]ethyl]-n-[6-methyl-3-(1h-pyrazol-4-yl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-yl]-1,2-thiazol-5-amine Chemical compound N1([C@H](C)C2=NSC(NC=3C4=NC=C(N4C=C(C)N=3)C3=CNN=C3)=C2)C[C@H](C)O[C@H](C)C1 QBWKPGNFQQJGFY-QLFBSQMISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940125846 compound 25 Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 31
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 31
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002909 rare earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ba+2] OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHLITDDQOMIBFS-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);tricarbonate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O GHLITDDQOMIBFS-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LHBNLZDGIPPZLL-UHFFFAOYSA-K praseodymium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pr](Cl)Cl LHBNLZDGIPPZLL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- BYMUNNMMXKDFEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluorolanthanum Chemical compound F[La](F)F BYMUNNMMXKDFEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature alterant, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15 to 20 percent of chloride, 40 to 45 percent of chloride, 25 to 30 percent of rare earth metal compound, 3 to 8 percent of titanium dioxide, and 2 to 6 percent of graphite. The invention also discloses a method for purifying a fusant, wherein the high-temperature alterant is added into a smelting furnace. The high-temperature alterant can reduce the sodium content in an electrolytic molten aluminum fusant and effectively control the grain size to achieve good grain refining effect. The method for purifying the fusant can effectively reduce gas and foreign impurities in the fusant, optimize the production process, ensure the quality of aluminum and aluminum alloy fusants, improve the ingot yield, save the energy consumption, and reduce the discharge of pollutants.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aluminum electrolysis, relate to a kind of pyrometamorphism agent, also relate to a kind of cleaning molten method that adopts this pyrometamorphism agent, particularly relate to the efficient purifying method that a kind of electrolysis primary aluminum is directly cast aluminium and aluminium alloy melt.
Background technology
Along with the quickening of China's aluminium industrial restructuring paces, the economized of electrolysis of aluminum enterprise and aluminium processing enterprise is produced has become development trend.Directly adopt the electrolytic aluminium liquid casting, produce aluminium processing and use strand, be a short flow process, save energy and reduce the cost, the advanced production technology of environmental protection.It combines aluminum smelting technology and aluminium processing together, has realized the purpose of optimizing allocation of resources, reduce production costs, increasing economic efficiency.Because electrolytic aluminium liquid is mingled with many, the gas content height, castability is poor, when being used for direct strand, very easily produce pyrocondensation, cold cracking, pore draw and phenomenons such as slight crack expansion and macrosegregation, make ingot blank more defectives such as pore, shrinkage cavity, component segregation and warpage occur, quality product is difficult to reach requirement.Existing single purification means are difficult to make inclusion, the gas content in the electrolytic aluminium liquid to drop to and meet the strand requirement.Therefore, with the direct strand of electrolytic aluminium liquid, its aluminium liquid purification techniques difficulty is big, needs the further investigation exploitation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of pyrometamorphism agent, can reduce the sodium content in the electrolytic aluminium liquid melt, effectively controls grain-size, reaches good grain refining effect; The present invention also will provide a kind of purifying method of melt, and to effectively reduce gas and the inclusion in the melt, optimization production technology is with the ingot casting of quality of production excellence.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of pyrometamorphism agent,
It comprises following component:
Fluorochemical 15～20%
Muriate 40～45%
Rare earth compound 25～30%
Titanium dioxide 3～10%
Graphite 2～7%
Above component is all in weight percentage,
Be preferably, fluorochemical is 20%, and muriate is 40%, and rare earth compound is 30%, and titanium dioxide is 7%, and graphite is 3%, by weight.
Above-mentioned pyrometamorphism agent, wherein, described fluorochemical is the fluorochemical of basic metal or alkaline-earth metal, described basic metal does not comprise sodium, is preferably fluorite, and fluorochemical mainly plays the refining effect, can adsorb, dissolve aluminium sesquioxide, can suitably control simultaneously mixing salt fusing point, strengthen decontamination effect improving.
Above-mentioned pyrometamorphism agent, wherein, described muriate is a carnallitite, its surface tension is little, has stronger wetting action.
Above-mentioned pyrometamorphism agent, wherein, described rare earth compound is the carbonate or the halogenide of rare earth metal, that rare earth compound mainly plays is rotten, degasification and the effect that removes inclusion, can reduce alterant with the surface tension between the aluminium liquid, help alterant to improve the effect of catching gas and inclusion with fully contacting of gas, inclusion.
Titanium dioxide that adds and Graphite Powder 99 utilize rare earth element to capture oxygen element in the titanium dioxide under hot conditions, form the simple substance titanium, and titanium and Graphite Powder 99 reaction generate the TiC particle, play the effect that increases crystallization nuclei.
Pyrometamorphism agent of the present invention can be by making after the simple mixing and stirring.
The present invention also provides a kind of cleaning molten method, wherein, adds aforesaid pyrometamorphism agent in the melt of smelting furnace, adds the pyrometamorphism agent when melt temperature is 770～800 ℃, is preferably 780 ℃, and add-on is 0.1～0.15% of a melt weight.
Above-mentioned cleaning molten method wherein, is provided with the permanent magnetism stirrer in the side of described smelting furnace, earlier the melt in the described smelting furnace is carried out hand mixing 2～5 minutes, is preferably 3 minutes, carries out permanent magnetism afterwards and stirs 18～25 minutes, is preferably 20 minutes; Comprise pyrometamorphism agent refinement step between described hand mixing and permanent magnetism stirring, refining time is 5～7 minutes, is preferably 5 minutes; The frequency that permanent magnetism stirs is 45～52Hz, is preferably 48Hz, and electric current is 18～31A, is preferably 31A.
Above-mentioned cleaning molten method, wherein, the melt in the described smelting furnace enters holding furnace, the melt in the holding furnace is carried out furnace bottom blow, and carries out injection refining afterwards; The holding furnace temperature is 720～740 ℃; It is nitrogen that furnace bottom is blown gases used, and nitrogen gas purity is 99.99% weight, vapor content≤15ppm, and gas flow is 20～30L/min, is preferably 25L/min, gassing time is 7～15min, is preferably 10 minutes; The refining agent add-on is 1.0～1.5 ‰ weight in the injection refining, and refining time is 9～15 minutes, is preferably 10 minutes.
Above-mentioned cleaning molten method wherein, also comprises online grain refinement step, and the particle diameter of used fining agent is 9～10mm, is preferably 9.5mm, and the wire feed rate of described fining agent is 150cm～200cm/min.
Above-mentioned cleaning molten method wherein, also comprises online deaeration step, in degasifying device, after degasifying device is full of melt, by rotating rotor nitrogen or rare gas element is blown in the melt; The rotating speed of rotor is 250～300rpm, is preferably 300rpm, and gaseous tension is 0.4～0.6Mpa, is preferably 0.6Mpa; Nitrogen gas purity is 99.99% weight, vapor content≤15ppm; After degasifying device is full of aluminium liquid, graphite rotator by rotation evenly is blown into melt with gas, form a large amount of tiny bubbles, aluminium liquid is fully contacted in degasifying device with gas, according to the bubble floating principle, bubble absorbs the hydrogen in the melt in melt, and the surface formation scum silica frost that rises to melt after the absorption nonmetal inclusion, reaches the purpose of purifying aluminum alloy liquid.
Above-mentioned cleaning molten method wherein, also comprises online filtration step, and the on-line filtration device comprises two-stage filtration; One-level is filtered and is adopted 15 purpose ceramic filter plates, and cascade filtration adopts 30 purpose ceramic filter plates.
Above-mentioned cleaning molten method; wherein; comprise protection cast step; protector is set up on the chute top that is exported to the casting platform at degasifying device; on this protector inlet pipe is set, on the melt liquid level of described chute spoiler is set, spoiler and described chute flexibly connect; from inlet pipe to described set up protector the zone in the feeding nitrogen, nitrogen pressure is 0.03～0.06Mpa.
Aluminium alloy melt can be air-breathing once more before casting through after the online degasification, and this is relevant with the temperature and humidity in the casting environment.The casting environment is high temperature, high humidity environment, and liquid aluminium is easy to oxidized in atmosphere, and easy and aqueous vapor reaction production Al
2O
3And absorption hydrogen, the time that aluminium liquid stops in this environment is long more, and the oxidation of aluminium and hydrogen are just big more.Different areas; Various Seasonal; moisture in the atmosphere also can change; especially high temperature and rainy season in annual June～September; environment has considerable influence to the melt purity; for preventing that aluminium liquid from being polluted again once more through after the online treatment; therefore taked the sfgd. before the cast; setting up protector from the degasifying device exit to the chute top that casts platform; this protector is generally cover sheet; material therefor is steel or refractory materials, feeds nitrogen simultaneously and just form the protection cast in this zone.
Pyrometamorphism agent of the present invention can reduce the sodium content in the electrolytic aluminium liquid melt, effectively controls grain-size, reaches good grain refining effect; The purifying method of melt of the present invention can effectively reduce gas and solid inclusion in the melt, and optimization production technology is guaranteed aluminium and aluminium alloy melt quality, improves the ingot casting yield rate, and energy efficient reduces the discharging of pollutent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is used protector synoptic diagram in the cleaning molten method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
One pyrometamorphism agent
Embodiment 1
Fluorite with 15%, 45% carnallitite, 30% cerous carbonate, 6% titanium dioxide and 4% graphite mix, and stir, and stir, and make the pyrometamorphism agent.
Embodiment 2
Potassium monofluoride with 20%, 43% carnallitite, 27% lanthanum fluoride, 8% titanium dioxide and 2% graphite mix, and stir, and make the pyrometamorphism agent.
Embodiment 3
Magnesium fluoride with 18%, 40% carnallitite, 25% praseodymium chloride, 10% titanium dioxide and 7% graphite mix, and stir, and make the pyrometamorphism agent.
Embodiment 4
Barium fluoride with 20%, 40% carnallitite, 30% Cerium II Chloride, 7% titanium dioxide and 3% graphite mix, and stir, and make the pyrometamorphism agent.
Two cleaning molten methods
Embodiment 5
A adds the pyrometamorphism agent
Add the pyrometamorphism agent of previous embodiment preparation in smelting furnace, add-on is 0.1～0.15% of a melt weight, adds the pyrometamorphism agent when melt temperature is 780 ℃.
Detect through sampling, add embodiment 1,2,3 and 4 the pyrometamorphism agent after, sodium content is lower than 12ppm in the melt, through sampling analysis, no obvious oarse-grained inclusion exists in the metallograph, and grain-size has reached good grain refining effect between 100～200 μ m.
B permanent magnetism stirs
In the side of smelting furnace the permanent magnetism stirrer is set, earlier the melt in the described smelting furnace was carried out hand mixing 2～5 minutes, be preferably 3 minutes, carry out permanent magnetism afterwards and stirred 18～25 minutes, be preferably 20 minutes; Can also comprise pyrometamorphism agent refinement step between described hand mixing and permanent magnetism stirring, refining time is 5～7 minutes, is preferably 5 minutes; The frequency that permanent magnetism stirs is 45～52Hz, is preferably 48Hz, and electric current is 18～31A, is preferably 31A.
After permanent magnetism stirs, can realize that substantially all even alloying constituent of melt temperature is even, the temperature difference of the different points for measuring temperature of melt is less than 5 ℃, and the composition deviation is less than 5%.
The c furnace bottom is blown and injection refining
Change the melt in the smelting furnace over to holding furnace, the melt in the holding furnace is carried out furnace bottom blow, carry out injection refining afterwards; The holding furnace temperature is 720～740 ℃; It is nitrogen that furnace bottom is blown gases used, and nitrogen gas purity is 99.99% weight, vapor content≤15ppm, and gas flow is 20～30L/min, is preferably 25L/min, gassing time is 7～15min, is preferably 10 minutes; The refining agent add-on is 1.0～1.5 ‰ weight in the injection refining, and refining time is 9～15 minutes, is preferably 10 minutes, and used refining agent can be buied in market for refining agent commonly used.
By the processing of this step to melt in the holding furnace, hydrogen addition rate can reach more than 25%.
The online grain refining of d
This online grain refinement step is a general procedure, and wherein, used fining agent can be buied in market for fining agent commonly used, and particle diameter is 9～10mm, is preferably 9.5mm, and the wire feed rate of fining agent also i.e. adding speed is 150cm～200cm/min.
The online deaeration step of e
In degasifying device, after degasifying device is full of melt, nitrogen or rare gas element are blown in the melt by rotating rotor; The rotating speed of rotor is 250～300rpm, is preferably 300rpm, and gaseous tension is 0.4～0.6Mpa, is preferably 0.6Mpa; Nitrogen gas purity is 99.99% weight, vapor content≤15ppm.Concrete data see Table 1.
Table 1
After degasifying device is full of aluminium liquid, graphite rotator by rotation evenly is blown into melt with gas, form a large amount of tiny bubbles, aluminium liquid is fully contacted in degasifying device with gas, according to the bubble floating principle, bubble absorbs the hydrogen in the melt in melt, and the surface formation scum silica frost that rises to melt after the absorption nonmetal inclusion, reaches the purpose that purifies aluminium liquid.The duration of contact of gas and melt roughly with square being inversely proportional to of bubble diameter, the convection current situation that also stirs aluminium liquid with rotor and produce is relevant, therefore do not causing under the undue ebullient prerequisite of bath surface, suitably improve the rotating speed of graphite rotator, tiny bubble is scattered in the aluminium liquid more equably, the same pressure that increases gas also is equivalent to increase the volume that is blown into gas.
After adopting this deaeration step, outgassing rate can reach more than 50%.
F on-line filtration step
The on-line filtration device comprises two-stage filtration; One-level is filtered and is adopted 15 purpose ceramic filter plates, and cascade filtration adopts 30 purpose ceramic filter plates, and one-level is filtered and is arranged on before the deaeration step, and cascade filtration is arranged on after the deaeration step.
After handling after filtration, the solid inclusion of the above size of 10 μ m is got rid of substantially in the melt.
G protection cast step
As shown in Figure 1; protector 1 is set up on chute 6 tops that are exported to the casting platform at degasifying device; inlet pipe 2 is set on this protector, from this inlet pipe to described set up protector the zone in the feeding nitrogen, nitrogen pressure is 0.03～0.06Mpa; 3 is tensimeter; add spoiler in melt, its top 4a is positioned at melt liquid level 5 tops, and spoiler bottom 4b is positioned at melt liquid level 5 belows; spoiler and chute 6 flexibly connect, and protector 1 material therefor is steel or refractory materials.
Adopt this protection cast step can prevent effectively that the melt after degasification is air-breathing once more.
Adopt the cleaning molten method of present embodiment, can make the melt sodium content be lower than 12ppm, hydrogen richness is lower than 0.15ml/100AL, the above inclusion of 10 μ m is removed substantially, melt after treatment realizes that substantially all even alloying constituent of temperature is even, the temperature difference of different points for measuring temperature is below 5 ℃, and the composition deviation is in 5%.
Claims (33)
1, a kind of pyrometamorphism agent, it comprises following component:
Fluorochemical 15～20%
Muriate 40～45%
Rare earth compound 25～30%
Titanium dioxide 3～10%
Graphite 2～7%
Above component is all in weight percentage.
2, pyrometamorphism agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described fluorochemical is the fluorochemical of basic metal or alkaline-earth metal, and described basic metal does not comprise sodium.
3, pyrometamorphism agent as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described fluorochemical is a fluorite.
4, pyrometamorphism agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described muriate is a carnallitite.
5, pyrometamorphism agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described rare earth compound is the carbonate or the halogenide of rare earth metal.
6, pyrometamorphism agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described fluorochemical is 20%, and muriate is 40%, and rare earth compound is 30%, and titanium dioxide is 7%, and graphite is 3%, by weight.
7, a kind of cleaning molten method is characterized in that, adds the described pyrometamorphism agent of claim 1 in the melt of smelting furnace.
8, purifying method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the add-on of described pyrometamorphism agent is 0.1～0.15% of a melt weight.
9, as claim 7 or 8 described purifying methods, it is characterized in that, add the pyrometamorphism agent when described melt temperature is 770～800 ℃.
10, purifying method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, adds the pyrometamorphism agent when described melt temperature is 780 ℃.
11, purifying method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, in the side of described smelting furnace the permanent magnetism stirrer is set, and melt in the smelting furnace is stirred.
12, purifying method as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, the melt in the described smelting furnace was carried out hand mixing 2～5 minutes, carries out permanent magnetism afterwards and stirs 18～25 minutes.
13, purifying method as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, comprises pyrometamorphism agent refinement step between described hand mixing and permanent magnetism stirring, and refining time is 5～7 minutes.
14, purifying method as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, the frequency that described permanent magnetism stirs is 45～52Hz, and electric current is 18～31A.
15, purifying method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the melt in the described smelting furnace enters holding furnace, the melt in the holding furnace is carried out furnace bottom blow, and carries out injection refining afterwards.
16, purifying method as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, described holding furnace temperature is 720～740 ℃.
17, purifying method as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, it is nitrogen that described furnace bottom is blown gases used, and nitrogen gas purity is 99.99% weight, and vapor content≤15ppm, gas flow are 20～30L/min, and gassing time is 7～15min.
18, purifying method as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, the refining agent add-on is 1.0～1.5 ‰ weight in the described injection refining, and refining time is 9～15 minutes.
19, purifying method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, also comprises online grain refinement step, and the particle diameter of used fining agent is 9～10mm, and the wire feed rate of described fining agent is 150cm～200cm/min.
20, purifying method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, also comprises online deaeration step, in degasifying device, after degasifying device is full of melt, by rotating rotor nitrogen or rare gas element is blown in the melt.
21, purifying method as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, the rotating speed of described rotor is 250～300rpm, and gaseous tension is 0.4～0.6Mpa.
22, purifying method as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, described nitrogen gas purity is 99.99% weight, vapor content≤15ppm.
23, purifying method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, also comprises online filtration step, and the on-line filtration device comprises two-stage filtration.
24, purifying method as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that, one-level is filtered and adopted 15 purpose ceramic filter plates, and cascade filtration adopts 30 purpose ceramic filter plates.
25, purifying method as claimed in claim 20; it is characterized in that; comprise protection cast step; protector is set up on the chute top that is exported to the casting platform at degasifying device; on this protector inlet pipe is set; on the melt liquid level of described chute spoiler is set, spoiler and described chute flexibly connect.
26, purifying method as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that, feeds nitrogen in described inlet pipe, and nitrogen pressure is 0.03～0.06Mpa.
27, purifying method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, also comprises the steps:
A is provided with the permanent magnetism stirrer in described smelting furnace side, and melt is stirred;
Melt in the described smelting furnace of b enters holding furnace, the melt in the holding furnace is carried out furnace bottom blow, and carries out injection refining afterwards;
C carries out online grain refining to melt;
D is provided with the one-level filtration unit in the chute of holding furnace outlet, melt is filtered;
The e melt enters degasifying device after one-level is filtered, feed nitrogen or rare gas element in degasifying device, by rotating rotor gas is blown in the melt;
The f melt carries out cascade filtration after the degasifying device degasification;
G sets up protector on the chute top that degasifying device is exported to the casting platform, feeds nitrogen simultaneously in this zone.
28, purifying method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that, among the described step a, hand mixing 3 minutes is carried out permanent magnetism afterwards and stirred, and stirring frequency is 48Hz, and electric current is 31A, and the permanent magnetism churning time is 20 minutes.
29, purifying method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that, among the described step b, it is the nitrogen of 99.99% weight that furnace bottom blows afloat gases used, and gassing time is 10 minutes, and gas flow is 25L/min; Used refining agent consumption is 0.5～1.0 ‰ in the injection refining, and refining time is 10 minutes.
30, purifying method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that, the fining agent granularity that adopts among the described step c is 9.5mm, and the wire feed rate of fining agent is 150～200cm/min.
31, purifying method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that, used one-level screen plate is 15 purpose ceramic plates in the described steps d; Used cascade filtration plate is 30 order ceramic plates among the described step f.
32, purifying method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that, described step e rotor rotating speed is 300rmp, and gaseous tension is 0.6Mpa, and gases used is the nitrogen of 99.99% weight, its vapor content≤15PPM.
33, purifying method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that, nitrogen pressure is 0.03～0.06Mpa in the described step g, and the material of described protector is steel or refractory materials.
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| CN112233513A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-01-15 | 云南云铝涌鑫铝业有限公司 | Grain structure for representing growth process of phase-change grains of aluminum liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN112233513B (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-06-07 | 云南云铝涌鑫铝业有限公司 | Grain structure for representing growth process of phase-change grains of aluminum liquid and preparation method thereof |
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