CN101623944A - Magnesium alloy sandwich plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy sandwich plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a magnesium alloy sandwich plate and a preparation method thereof. The magnesium alloy sandwich plate sequentially comprises an upper magnesium alloy panel, a first adhesive layer, a polymer sandwich plate, a second adhesive layer and a lower magnesium alloy panel from top to bottom, wherein the upper magnesium alloy panel and the lower magnesium alloy panel are formed by magnesium alloy rolled plates through stress relief annealing treatment, the surfaces of the upper magnesium alloy panel and the lower magnesium alloy panel are processed into corrosion resisting films, and the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are formed by high strength glue; and all layers are formed into the magnesium alloy sandwich plate through rolling or hot press curing molding. The magnesium alloy rolled plates with the insulated surfaces are used as the upper magnesium alloy panel and the lower magnesium alloy panel, and the alkalescent high strength glue is used for reliably connecting the upper panel and the lower panel with the polymer sandwich plate to acquire a light sandwich plate with good damping and sound insulating performance and heat insulating performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite sandwich plate and preparation method thereof, relate in particular to the preparation method of a kind of magnesium alloy sandwich plate and magnesium alloy sandwich plate.
Background technology
Composite sandwich plate is a kind of mechanical engineering structure commonly used, has high strength, high sound insulation value, lightweight, characteristics cheaply, is formed through the engineering polymers glue bond by upper and lower panel and polymer sandwich.
Existing composite plate structure mainly is composite sandwich plate and cellular board, and wherein, composite sandwich plate mainly contains two kinds: a kind of splicing by aluminium alloy panel and polymer sandwich formed, and a kind of the splicing by glass reinforced plastic panel and polymer laminboard layer formed.Along with light-weighted development is equipped in communications and transportation, many original composite sandwich plates are because quality is big, and the damping effect difference can not satisfy new demand, and therefore, composite sandwich plate is faced with the requirement of further loss of weight.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of magnesium alloy sandwich plate and magnesium alloy sandwich plate, it is heavy to solve the composite sandwich plate quality, the problem of sound insulation and poor seismic behavior.
The invention provides a kind of magnesium alloy sandwich plate, comprise upper strata magnesium alloy panel, first adhesive-layer, polymer battenboard, second adhesive-layer and lower magnesium alloy panel from top to bottom successively, wherein, described upper strata magnesium alloy panel and described lower magnesium alloy panel are that magnesium alloy rolling plates forms through the stress relief annealing processing, and surface treatment becomes corrosion-resisting film, and described first adhesive-layer and described second adhesive-layer are formed by high strength glue; Described upper strata magnesium alloy panel, first adhesive-layer, polymer battenboard, second adhesive-layer and lower magnesium alloy panel are shaped to described magnesium alloy sandwich plate through rolling or hot-press solidifying.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of magnesium alloy sandwich plate, comprising:
The magnesium alloy rolling plates of handling through stress relief annealing is carried out surface preparation, obtain upper strata magnesium alloy panel and lower magnesium alloy panel that the surface has corrosion-resisting film;
Respectively at the lower surface of described upper strata magnesium alloy panel, the upper surface of described lower magnesium alloy panel, and be used for upper and lower surface coating high strength glue as the polymer battenboard of described magnesium alloy sandwich plate central layer;
According to order from top to bottom, with the corresponding mutually applying of the glue-coated surface of described upper strata magnesium alloy panel, described polymer battenboard and described lower magnesium alloy panel, form the described magnesium alloy sandwich plate that includes described upper strata magnesium alloy panel, first adhesive-layer, described polymer battenboard, second adhesive-layer and described lower magnesium alloy panel from top to bottom successively through rolling or hot-press solidifying processing.
The preparation method of magnesium alloy sandwich plate provided by the invention and magnesium alloy sandwich plate, carried out the magnesium alloy rolling plates of insulating processing as upper strata magnesium alloy panel and lower magnesium alloy panel by using the surface, use the high strength glue to carry out reliable connection between upper and lower panel and the polymer battenboard, obtained the sandwich plate of the good lightweight of vibration damping sound insulation property.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of magnesium alloy sandwich plate one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the preparation method's of a magnesium alloy sandwich plate of the present invention embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of magnesium alloy sandwich plate one embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment provides a kind of magnesium alloy sandwich plate, comprise upper strata magnesium alloy panel 1, first adhesive-layer 2, polymer battenboard 3, second adhesive-layer 4 and lower magnesium alloy panel 5 from top to bottom successively, wherein, upper strata magnesium alloy panel 1 and lower magnesium alloy panel 5 are handled through stress relief annealing by magnesium alloy rolling plates and are formed, and surface treatment becomes corrosion-resisting film, and first adhesive-layer 2 and second adhesive-layer 4 are formed by high strength glue; Upper strata magnesium alloy panel 1, first adhesive-layer 2, polymer battenboard 3, second adhesive-layer 4 and lower magnesium alloy panel 5 are shaped to the magnesium alloy sandwich plate through rolling or hot-press solidifying.
The sandwich plate that present embodiment provides uses magnesium alloy plate to do upper and lower panel, mainly is because magnesium alloy is a kind of novel light-weighted high strength engineering structure metal material, compares with present main flow material, and magnesium-alloy material has following advantage:
1, the light weight of magnesium alloy, good rigidly have certain corrosion resistance and dimensional stability, shock resistance, wear-resisting, the vibration attenuation performance is good and be easy to reclaim; Also have in addition high heat conduction and electric conductivity, nonmagnetic, shielding good and nontoxic characteristics.
2, the specific strength of the magnesium alloy ratio of quality (intensity with) is the highest.The specific stiffness ratio of quality (rigidity with) is near aluminium alloy and steel, far above engineering plastics.
3, in elastic range, when magnesium alloy was subjected to shock loading, the energy of absorption was twice than Al-alloy parts, so magnesium alloy has good damping noise reduction performance.
Table 1 has been listed aluminium alloy, the comparison of magnesium alloy main performance of common industrial large-scale production, as can be seen from Table 1, the density of magnesium alloy is little more a lot of than aluminium alloy, and hardness, yield strength and specific strength exceed much than aluminium alloy, therefore make the upper and lower panel of sandwich plate of magnesium alloy plate, can reduce the weight of sandwich plate, improve the performance of sandwich plate.
Table 1
| Material | Density g/cm^3 | Hardness HV | Yield strength MPa | Specific strength | The simple metal electrode potential (V, SCE) |
| Aluminium alloy | ??2.75 | ??45～60 | ??80～200 | ??29.1～72.7 | ??-1.56 |
| Magnesium alloy | ??1.76 | ??55～75 | ??120～230 | ??68.2～130.7 | ??-2.37 |
Because through hot rolling, magnesium alloy plate after cold rolling, there is higher residualinternal stress in inside, can in subsequently processing and military service process, progressively discharge, cause the size and dimension of magnesium alloy rolling plates to change.Residualinternal stress is discharged, make the dimensionally stable of magnesium alloy rolling plates, performance improve.Therefore the magnesium alloy panel adopts the magnesium alloy rolling plates of handling through stress relief annealing about the present embodiment, for example passes through hot extrusion-hot rolling-cold rolling AZ31B sheet material, but is not limited to this.
Simultaneously; because the oxide-film that magnesium generates under field conditions (factors) is loose porous; magnesium matrix is lacked protective capability; limited the application of magnesium alloy in corrosive atmosphere; therefore the magnesium alloy panel in the embodiment of the invention is selected the magnesium alloy panel further obtain corrosion-resisting film through surface treatment after handling through stress relief annealing after for use; wherein said corrosion-resisting film is anode oxide film or chemical composition coating; magnesium alloy rolling plates is carried out oxidation to anode oxide film and sealing of hole is handled generation, and magnesium alloy rolling plates is carried out chemical conversion to described chemical composition coating and sealing of hole is handled generation.
The magnesium alloy sandwich plate that present embodiment provides, owing to use dissimilar materials, promptly adopt magnesium alloy as upper and lower panel, adopt the polymer battenboard as the plate core, so need carry out the surface insulation processing to the magnesium alloy rolling plates after processing of oxidation sealing of hole or the chemical conversion processing, and adopt high-strength polymer glue that the magnesium alloy panel reliably is connected with the polymer battenboard, if because this glue is acid, then can the corrosion-resistant rete of deface, corrosion magnesium alloy panel causes structural failure.Therefore, adopting the pH value in the present embodiment is the high-strength polymer glue of 7.0-8.5, and this high-strength polymer glue can be that neutrality also can be alkalescent, to guarantee to have better glue-joint strength; Compare with existing cellular board structure, because the sandwich in the middle of the magnesium alloy panel is a solid construction up and down, strengthen gluing area, can improve mechanical properties (mechanical test in the past shows that often adhesive-layer is the weakest stressed position) such as the resistance to compression of sandwich plate and bending resistance greatly.
In sum, the magnesium alloy sandwich plate that present embodiment provides, owing to use dissimilar materials, promptly adopt magnesium alloy as upper and lower panel, adopt the polymer battenboard as the plate core, so need carry out oxidation and sealing of hole processing or chemical conversion and sealing of hole processing to magnesium alloy rolling plates, form surface insulation layer, and adopt high-strength polymer glue that the magnesium alloy panel reliably is connected with the polymer battenboard, have following technique effect: 1, compare with existing aluminum honeycomb panel, can loss of weight more than 1/5; 2, because the damping noise reduction performance of magnesium alloy can improve 3dB-15dB with sound insulation value; The magnesium alloy sandwich plate that present embodiment provides is as the parts such as wallboard, floor, dividing plate and top board in communications and transportation such as spacecraft, aircraft, lightweight bullet train, the city railway train equipment, not only can realize obvious loss of weight, reduce noise and vibration, and will significantly improve the overall efficiency of train manufacturing and operation, improve the condition of taking, realize the humanism traffic.
In technique scheme, sandwich in the magnesium alloy sandwich plate can adopt the multicomponent polymeric battenboard of porous, cellular polyurethane battenboard for example, but be not limited to this, because the rate of closed hole in the polyurethane foam board will be higher than 90%, it is a kind of reasonable damping material, therefore the sandwich in the magnesium alloy sandwich plate provided by the invention also can be made of polyurethane foam board, not only can improve the damping noise reduction performance of sandwich plate, and, because the producer of domestic production polyurethane foam board is a lot, low price, can also reduce the cost of magnesium alloy sandwich plate, wherein, table 2 has been listed the main performance of polyurethane foam board.
Table 2
| Density kg/m 3 | ??30-60 |
| Compression strength Mpa | ??≥0.15 |
| Tensile strength kg/m 2 | ??2.5-3.5 |
| Thermal conductivity factor W/m.k | ??0.016-0.027 |
| Rate of closed hole % | ??≥92 |
| Dimensional stability % | ??≤3 |
| Water absorption rate kg/m 2 | ??0.25 |
| Serviceability temperature ℃ | ??-196～120 |
| Oxygen index (OI) | Decide as required |
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the preparation method's of a magnesium alloy sandwich plate of the present invention embodiment.As shown in Figure 2, present embodiment provides a kind of preparation method of magnesium alloy sandwich plate, comprising:
The preparation method of the magnesium alloy sandwich plate that present embodiment provides, technology simply is easy to realize, by adopting technology such as surface oxidation treatment or chemical conversion processing, sealing of hole processing and adopting the alkalescent polymer latex to carry out bonding, advantages such as feasible magnesium alloy sandwich plate by this examples preparation has in light weight, and noiseproof feature is good.
Based on technique scheme, step 11 is specially: at first, present embodiment is used aqua and is cleaned also dry through after hot extrusion-hot rolling-cold rolling AZ31B sheet material carries out removing surface, oil removing; Then, under 200～350 ℃ of temperature, to above-mentioned magnesium alloy rolling plates heating 30 minutes, the stress relief annealing processing is carried out in cooling then, processing obtains mechanical property improvement, even, the grain refinement of microscopic structure through stress relief annealing, and the magnesium alloy rolling plates that anisotropy reduces, present embodiment adopts AZ31B sheet material, but is not limited to this.
Because the oxide-film that magnesium generates under field conditions (factors) can not cover magnesium surface fully; oxide-film is loose porous; magnesium matrix is lacked protective capability; thereby limited the application of magnesium alloy in corrosive atmosphere, so present embodiment further carries out surface treatment formation layer protecting film to the magnesium alloy rolling plates of handling through stress relief annealing.At present, the method that magnesium alloy is protected is to form chemical composition coating or anode oxide film on its surface.So-called anodic oxidation is anode with the metal exactly, carries out electrolysis in suitable electrolyte, thereby obtains the method for protectiveness rete in the metal surface.
Present embodiment provides a kind of anodized surface processing scheme as follows: oil removing, pickling, cold rinse, anodic oxidation, cold rinse, sealing of hole processing, cold rinse, oven dry through relatively.Magnesium alloy panel surface processing procedure is specially in the present embodiment, the magnesium alloy rolling plates of handling through stress relief annealing is carried out oil removing, pickling, cold rinse, to remove the remaining machinery oil in magnesium alloy rolling plates surface, the slight organic dirt of cutting wet goods,, the anodic oxidation operation implements the basis for providing; Next be anode with the magnesium alloy plate, impressed current density is 50-80mA/cm
2Dc current regulator power supply in electrolyte, handle, the temperature of electrolyte is controlled to be 35 ℃-55 ℃, the processing time is 25-35 minute.Then, to put into cold rinse through the magnesium alloy plate of anodized, remove the electrolyte of magnesium alloy plate remained on surface, carrying out sealing of hole then handles, concrete operation is: the magnesium alloy rolling plates that will handle through abovementioned steps be 50 ℃-100 ℃ in the control temperature, and concentration is immersion 10-30 minute in the water glass solution of 10g/L-100g/L.Then, the water glass solution on the magnesium alloy rolling plates surface after by cold rinse once more sealing of hole being handled washes, and last, drying obtains the magnesium alloy panel of present embodiment, specifically comprises upper strata magnesium alloy panel and lower magnesium alloy panel.
Wherein, the component of the electrolyte that adapts with present embodiment anodic oxidation operation comprises NaOH, sodium metaaluminate, sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate and sodium fluoborate, wherein, the concentration of NaOH, sodium metaaluminate, sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate and sodium fluoborate is respectively 30g/L, 45g/L, 2g/L, 2g/L and 2g/L in the electrolyte; Wherein electrolyte solution all is solvent with water, and its concentration is the contained electrolyte quality of unit volume solution.
Simultaneously, present embodiment also provides a kind of chemical conversion processing method, handle by chemical conversion, surface in the magnesium alloy rolling plates of handling through stress relief annealing generates one deck chemical composition coating, and concrete grammar is: will carry out following operation successively through the magnesium alloy rolling plates that stress relief annealing is handled: oil removing, washing, phosphate solution immersion treatment, washing and drying.
Wherein, phosphate immersion treatment process is: under 30 ℃-40 ℃, will soak in phosphate solution 15 minutes through the magnesium alloy rolling plates that stress relief annealing is handled.
The preparation process of this phosphate solution is: sodium phosphate, potassium permanganate, corrosion inhibiter are mixed with water, to form mixed liquor, the concentration of sodium phosphate, potassium permanganate and corrosion inhibiter is respectively 100g/L, 50g/L and 6g/L in this mixed liquor, in this mixed liquor, add phosphoric acid then, be adjusted to 3.5 until pH value with this mixed liquor.
Because the decay resistance of anode oxide film and abrasion resistance properties be good, be easy to and matrix bond, therefore be widely adopted.
Based on technique scheme, step 12 is specially: because the mechanical property of sandwich plate is subjected to the influence of plate core and panel contact-making surface flatness, therefore, before gluing, earlier the polymer sandwich for preparing is polished and guarantee that it is vertically smooth, the contact-making surface of the polymer sandwich that levels magnesium alloy panel that then, step 11 is obtained and polishing are good is cleaned and is dried up to avoid the influence of dust dirt to the sandwich plate cementing strength with alcohol.After the process aforementioned processing, respectively at the lower surface of upper strata magnesium alloy panel, the upper surface coating high strength glue of lower magnesium alloy panel, while is at the upper and lower surface coating high strength glue of polymer battenboard, because if the glue that adopts is acid, then can destroy the chemical composition coating or the anode oxidation membrane that form on the magnesium alloy rolling plates surface in the step 11, corrosion magnesium alloy panel, so it is neutrality or the alkalescent polymer latex of 7.0-8.5 that present embodiment adopts the pH value scope, wherein the pH value scope is a preferable value range that guarantees magnesium alloy sandwich plate glue-joint strength.
On the basis of technique scheme, step 13 is specially in the present embodiment: according to order from top to bottom, with upper strata magnesium alloy panel, corresponding mutually applying of the glue-coated surface of polymer battenboard and lower magnesium alloy panel put into thermostatic protectiving incubator, and at 100 ℃, the pressure of 10MPa carries out pressurized adhesion, so that first adhesive-layer that neutrality or alkalescent high strength glue form and second adhesive-layer solidify, with upper strata magnesium alloy panel, polymer battenboard and lower magnesium alloy panel bond together, be incubated after 10 hours to cooling off naturally to reach maximum bonded intensity, handle to form through hot-press solidifying thus and include upper strata magnesium alloy panel from top to bottom successively, first adhesive-layer, the polymer battenboard, the magnesium alloy sandwich plate of second adhesive-layer and lower magnesium alloy panel, more than each layer also can adopt rolling solidify to handle to form the magnesium alloy sandwich plate.
In sum, the preparation method of the magnesium alloy sandwich plate that present embodiment provides, owing to use dissimilar materials, promptly adopt magnesium alloy as upper and lower panel, adopt the polymer battenboard as the plate core, so need carry out oxidation and sealing of hole processing or chemical conversion and sealing of hole processing to magnesium alloy rolling plates, form surface insulation layer, and adopt high-strength polymer glue that the magnesium alloy panel reliably is connected with the polymer battenboard, have following technique effect: 1, compare with existing aluminum honeycomb panel, can loss of weight more than 1/5; 2, because the damping noise reduction performance of magnesium alloy can improve 3dB-15dB with sound insulation value; The magnesium alloy sandwich plate that the preparation method of employing present embodiment obtains is as the parts such as wallboard, floor, dividing plate and top board in communications and transportation such as spacecraft, aircraft, lightweight bullet train, the city railway train equipment, not only can realize obvious loss of weight, reduce noise and vibration, and will significantly improve the overall efficiency of train manufacturing and operation, improve the condition of taking, realize the humanism traffic.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described but not limit it, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and these modifications or be equal to replacement and also can not make amended technical scheme break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of magnesium alloy sandwich plate, it is characterized in that, comprise upper strata magnesium alloy panel, first adhesive-layer, polymer battenboard, second adhesive-layer and lower magnesium alloy panel from top to bottom successively, wherein, described upper strata magnesium alloy panel and described lower magnesium alloy panel are that magnesium alloy rolling plates forms through the stress relief annealing processing, and surface treatment becomes corrosion-resisting film, and described first adhesive-layer and described second adhesive-layer are formed by high strength glue; Described upper strata magnesium alloy panel, first adhesive-layer, polymer battenboard, second adhesive-layer and lower magnesium alloy panel are shaped to described magnesium alloy sandwich plate through rolling or hot-press solidifying.
2, magnesium alloy sandwich plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described corrosion-resisting film is specially through oxidation and sealing of hole and handles anode oxide film that obtains or the chemical composition coating of handling acquisition through chemical conversion.
3, magnesium alloy sandwich plate according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the multicomponent polymeric battenboard that described polymer battenboard is a porous.
4, magnesium alloy sandwich plate according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the pH value scope of described high strength glue is 7.0-8.5.
5, a kind of preparation method of magnesium alloy sandwich plate is characterized in that:
The magnesium alloy rolling plates of handling through stress relief annealing is carried out surface preparation, obtain upper strata magnesium alloy panel and lower magnesium alloy panel that the surface has corrosion-resisting film;
Respectively at the lower surface of described upper strata magnesium alloy panel, the upper surface of described lower magnesium alloy panel, and be used for upper and lower surface coating high strength glue as the polymer battenboard of described magnesium alloy sandwich plate central layer;
According to order from top to bottom, with the corresponding mutually applying of the glue-coated surface of described upper strata magnesium alloy panel, described polymer battenboard and described lower magnesium alloy panel, form the described magnesium alloy sandwich plate that includes described upper strata magnesium alloy panel, first adhesive-layer, described polymer battenboard, second adhesive-layer and described lower magnesium alloy panel from top to bottom successively through rolling or hot-press solidifying processing.
6, the preparation method of magnesium alloy sandwich plate according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the process that described stress relief annealing is handled is:
Described magnesium alloy rolling plates was heated 30 minutes under 200～350 ℃ of temperature, then cooling.
7, the preparation method of magnesium alloy sandwich plate according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described to carrying out surface preparation through the magnesium alloy rolling plates of stress relief annealing processing, obtain surperficial upper strata magnesium alloy panel and lower magnesium alloy panel and be specially with corrosion-resisting film:
The described magnesium alloy rolling plates of handling through stress relief annealing is carried out oxidation and sealing of hole processing or chemical conversion and sealing of hole processing, obtain upper strata magnesium alloy panel and lower magnesium alloy panel that the surface has anode oxide film or chemical composition coating.
8, the preparation method of magnesium alloy sandwich plate according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described oxidation and sealing of hole are handled and comprised anodized and the sealing of hole processing of carrying out successively;
The process of described anodized is: with the described magnesium alloy rolling plates of handling through stress relief annealing, be that 35 ℃-55 ℃, current density are 50-80mA/cm in temperature
2Electrolyte in soaked 25-35 minute;
Wherein, described electrolyte comprises: NaOH, sodium metaaluminate, sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate, sodium fluoborate and water; Wherein, the concentration of NaOH, sodium metaaluminate, sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate and sodium fluoborate is respectively 30g/L, 45g/L, 2g/L, 2g/L and 2g/L in the described electrolyte;
The process that described sealing of hole is handled is: will be immersion 10-30 minute in 50 ℃-100 ℃ the water glass solution in 10g/L-100g/L, temperature through the magnesium alloy rolling plates of described anodized.
9, the preparation method of magnesium alloy sandwich plate according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described chemical conversion and sealing of hole are handled and comprised chemical conversion processing and the sealing of hole processing of carrying out successively;
The process that described chemical conversion is handled is: the described magnesium alloy rolling plates of handling through stress relief annealing was soaked 15 minutes in temperature is 30 ℃-40 ℃ phosphate solution;
Wherein, the preparation process of described phosphate solution is: sodium phosphate, potassium permanganate, corrosion inhibiter are mixed forming mixed liquor with water, the concentration of sodium phosphate, potassium permanganate and corrosion inhibiter is respectively 100g/L, 50g/L and 6g/L in the described mixed liquor; With phosphoric acid the pH value of described mixed liquor is adjusted to 3.5;
The process that described sealing of hole is handled is: the magnesium alloy rolling plates that will handle through described chemical conversion is immersion 10-30 minute in 50 ℃-100 ℃ the water glass solution in 10g/L-100g/L, temperature.
10, the preparation method of magnesium alloy sandwich plate according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described coating high strength glue is specially: applying the pH value scope is the polymer latex of 7.0-8.5.
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| WO2017166995A1 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Magnesium alloy anodizing solution and preparation method therefor, and method for anodizing magnesium alloy |
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| CN114987027A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-02 | 刘泽平 | Laminated sandwich type anti-explosion and anti-impact structure |
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