CN101620968B - Large-cyclotron electron gun with axial signal input of cusped magnetic field - Google Patents
Large-cyclotron electron gun with axial signal input of cusped magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN101620968B CN101620968B CN2009100602912A CN200910060291A CN101620968B CN 101620968 B CN101620968 B CN 101620968B CN 2009100602912 A CN2009100602912 A CN 2009100602912A CN 200910060291 A CN200910060291 A CN 200910060291A CN 101620968 B CN101620968 B CN 101620968B
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- electron gun
- cyclotron
- signal input
- magnetic field
- amplifier
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electron gun matched with a cyclotron amplifier in the technical field of microwaves, which comprises an electron gun body used as an anode, an anode head, a mode conversion mechanism, a transition section, a cathode and a ceramic ring, wherein the anode head, the mode conversion mechanism and the transition section are arranged in the electron gun body; the cathode is arranged at the rear end of the gun body and shares the same axle line with the gun body; the ceramic ring is used for connecting the cathode and the gun body into a whole; and the cathode is also provided with a central hole and a waveguide tube which is connected with the central hole and used for signal input. The electron gun can generate an electron bunch with good performances of large working speed ratio and small electron bunch fluctuation and speed scatter and can also carry out dual functions of microwave input mode conversion and improve the conversion efficiency of the mode. Moreover, when the electron gun is matched with a resonant cavity, the electron gun can greatly improve the structure of the cyclotron amplifier so as to ensure that the cyclotron amplifier has the characteristics of simple signal input mode and structure, small volume, high conversion efficiency, lower requirement on the intensity of a working magnetic field, realization of the miniaturization of the cyclotron amplifier, effective reduction of the design difficult of a high-performance cyclotron maser device, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs in the microwave and millimeter wave technical field and the supporting electron gun of using of gyro amplifier (cyclotron maser device) particularly a kind of axially cusped magnetic field large-cyclotron electron gun of (microwave, millimeter wave) signal incoming wave conduit that is provided with.
Background technology
Gyro amplifier is as the new device of high-power millimeter wave, submillimeter wave, since coming out, developed rapidly, the series of products of device of circling round are succeeded in developing, its wave band involves submillimeter region to millimeter, power is up to the number megawatt, average power has reached hundreds of kilowatts, at millimeter wave band, this be common microwave tube can not compare.But when gyro amplifier during further to the development of high band more, then because frequency band is narrower, conversion efficiency is lower and increase with the increase of frequency because of work magnetic field, so that the common gyro amplifier work of millimeter wave magnetic field is up to more than ten thousand Gausses, high-intensity magnetic field causes that equipment is huge, cost is expensive, trivial operations, is difficult to problems such as miniaturization.Thereby limited gyro amplifier widely in application such as aspects such as normal radar, controlled nuclear fusions.Gyro amplifier (cyclotron maser device) comprises electron gun (the CUSP electron gun that circles round greatly is also referred to as the electron gun that pivots) and the resonant cavity that fuses with it, and traditional gyro amplifier mainly adopts conventional magnetic injection gun and in the mode of resonant cavity (mutual effect section) horizontal (directly) to input signal; Its electron gun provides the electronics of an initiation layer good fluidity to annotate, and this electronics annotates that to have certain initial rotating energy and as far as possible little speed scattered etc.; But because initial rotating energy deficiency, therefore, continue after resonant cavity (mutual effect section) make electronics annotate the drift motion that increases by a longitudinal magnetic field to realize its adiabatic compression, further improve the rotating energy of electronics.In resonant cavity, annotate signal generation energy exchange interval at this and horizontal input by the spiral electronics that magnetic injection gun produces, the electronics notes change transverse energy into vertical energy and are superimposed in the wave field, with the microwave or the millimeter-wave signal amplification back output of input.This type of gyro amplifier carries out the generation that initiating electron is annotated respectively with the signal input in two relatively independent parts, wherein, though electron gun has simple in structure, function singleness, characteristics such as the initiating electron that is provided notes laminarity is good; But owing to adopt horizontal input signal at resonant cavity (mutual effect section), thereby must on the resonant cavity outer ring surface, radially be provided for the waveguide that signal is imported, thereby the radius and the volume of gyro amplifier have not only been increased, make it be difficult to miniaturization, also increase the design of external devices such as supporting with it superconductive permanent magnet and circulating cooling system thereof and the difficulty of processing technology, brought inconvenience also for simultaneously the design of high-performance cyclotron maser device.Thereby, there is function singleness in above-mentioned electron gun, can only be provided with the laterally supporting gyro amplifier of making of resonant cavity (mutual effect section) of (signal input) waveguide, made gyro amplifier (master device) volume is big and be difficult to miniaturization, brings difficulty etc. also for simultaneously the design of high-performance gyro amplifier.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is disadvantage at the background technology existence, improve the cusped magnetic field large-cyclotron electron gun of a kind of tape spool of design, on the basis of setting up axial signal incoming wave conduit and mode changeover mechanism, enlarge the function of (pivoting) electron gun to the signal input; Promptly adopt the input of gun cathode coaxial signal, changeover portion carries out the input pattern signal of mode switch behind the anode, effectively dwindle the volume of supporting with it resonant cavity (mutual effect section) and a whole set of gyro amplifier (master device), realize the gyro amplifier miniaturization and reduce the circle round purposes such as design difficulty of big device of high-performance.
Solution of the present invention is the drawback that exists at background technology, on the basis of conditional electronic rifle, on the negative electrode of electron gun rear end, set up one with its coaxial line, be used for the waveguide that signal is imported; With former employing by resonant cavity (mutual effect section) horizontal (directly) to input signal, change into by electron gun rear end cathode center and axially importing, on the cavity inner wall of anode head latter end, set up simultaneously a spiral helicine mode changeover mechanism, when (microwave, millimeter) ripple signal from the gun cathode central shaft to the input electron gun in, in the built-in mode changeover mechanism of anode head latter end, obtain effective conversion (TE
Mn-TE
11And then send into resonant cavity and make follow-up processing and amplifying pattern); Enlarged the function of electron gun, dwindled the supporting with it resonant cavity and the volume of a whole set of gyro amplifier effectively with this; Though signal is axially to import from the electron gun rear end in this programme, but electronics was annotated and was just emitted (formation) this moment, its cyclotron frequency also is far from reaching condition of resonance, the electronics that forms (generation) in electron gun is annotated and to be influenced each other minimumly between the radio-frequency field with input signal, can guarantee the quality of input signal and the stability of electronics notes parameter.Therefore, large-cyclotron electron gun of the present invention comprises as the electron gun of anode and is located at anode head, changeover portion (chamber) in the rifle body, the negative electrode that is positioned at rifle body rear end and is provided with the same axis of rifle body, and the ceramic ring that negative electrode and rifle body are linked into an integrated entity, key is the waveguide that also is provided with a centre bore in the axial line position of negative electrode and is used for the signal input, and also has additional a helical pattern switching mechanism between anode head and changeover portion (chamber); Waveguide is fixedly connected with centre bore on being located at negative electrode and is communicated with the inner chamber of electron gun, and mode changeover mechanism then directly is located on the inwall of the electron gun cavity between anode head and the changeover portion (chamber).
Above-mentioned helical pattern switching mechanism is the spiral switching mechanism of 2-6 pitch (wave band).And the axial curved surface of the spiral fluted of spiral switching mechanism is the cosine face, is that outline line on the shaft section is the cosine line.
The present invention promptly adopts the input of gun cathode coaxial signal owing to set up and waveguide its coaxial line, that be used for the signal input on the negative electrode of electron gun rear end, changeover portion carries out the input pattern signal of mode switch behind the anode; Simultaneously on the cavity inner wall between anode head and the changeover portion, set up mode changeover mechanism, thereby electron gun had both been had produces effective operating rate ratio, electronics annotates fluctuation and the scattered little premium properties electronics of speed is annotated, and has the conversion efficiency that microwave and millimeter wave is imported the dual-use function of built-in mode switch and improved signal input mode again; And electron gun of the present invention has, and the premium properties of generation electronics is annotated and electromagnetic wave signal is imported built-in mode switch dual-use function, have the advantage of electronics notes, mode transfer and conversion one concurrently, and with the supporting structure that can improve gyro amplifier greatly of resonant cavity, make prepared gyro amplifier have input pattern signal and simple in structure, volume is little, conversion efficiency is high, lower to the requirement of work magnetic field intensity, and can realize the gyro amplifier miniaturization and can effectively reduce the characteristics such as design difficulty of high-performance cyclotron maser device.Background technology gyro amplifier input pattern signal complexity, disadvantages such as device volume is huge, conversion efficiency is low, high workload magnetic field, multi-mode competition have been overcome.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is electron gun structure of the present invention and and its resonant cavity annexation schematic diagram (cutaway view).
Among the figure: 1. electron gun (anode), 1-1. anode head, 1-2. mode changeover mechanism, 1-3. changeover portion (chamber), 2. ceramic ring, 3. negative electrode, 4. waveguide, 5. resonant cavity.
Embodiment
Present embodiment is example with coaxial millimeter-wave signal input with electron gun: electron gun (anode) 1 body shaft is to long 91.6mm, external diameter φ 28.6mm, anode head 1-1 port diameter φ 14.8mm, mode changeover mechanism 1-2 is for being provided with the spiral switching mechanism of 2 pitch (wave band), 2 times of perturbation radius 3.6mm of each groove surface, pitch (being that each wave band is long) 12.8mm, changeover portion (chamber) 1-3 diameter phi 13.8mm, ceramic ring 2 thick 2.7mm, external diameter φ 25.0mm, internal diameter φ 20.0mm, negative electrode 3 external diameter φ 25.0mm, axial long 12.0mm, the center-hole diameter φ 10.0mm that cooperates with waveguide 5, waveguide 5 internal diameter φ 6.4mm.
The groundwork principle of present embodiment large-cyclotron electron gun: the ring cathode of electron gun, its emission band produces hollow electronics without spin and annotates in the structure of convergence type Pierce electron gun, electronics emits under the effect of anode voltage, and under the effect of switching field (cusp), rotate around the electron gun central shaft, become circulating beam with horizontal vertical speed ratio; The electromagnetic wave signal of being imported by the negative electrode coaxial waveguide enters the mode switch district in the electron gun simultaneously, because this district does not satisfy condition of resonance, input signal and electronics are annotated energy exchange can not take place.When big circulating beam and input signal by the mode switch district when changeover portion enters resonant cavity, the horizontal vertical speed of its electronics is than all being in stable state, thereby can fully satisfy the performance requirement that resonant cavity is annotated input signal and electronics.
Claims (3)
1. a tape spool is to the cusped magnetic field large-cyclotron electron gun of signal input, comprise as the electron gun of anode and be located at anode head, changeover portion in the rifle body, the negative electrode that is positioned at rifle body rear end and is provided with the same axis of rifle body, and the ceramic ring that negative electrode and rifle body are linked into an integrated entity, it is characterized in that also being provided with a centre bore in the axial line position of negative electrode and being used for the waveguide that signal is imported, and between anode head and changeover portion, also have additional a helical pattern switching mechanism; Waveguide is fixedly connected with centre bore on being located at negative electrode and is communicated with the inner chamber of electron gun, and mode changeover mechanism then directly is located on the inwall of the electron gun cavity between anode head and the changeover portion.
2. by the cusped magnetic field large-cyclotron electron gun of the described tape spool of claim 1, it is characterized in that the spiral switching mechanism that described helical pattern switching mechanism is 2-6 pitch to the signal input.
3. by the cusped magnetic field large-cyclotron electron gun of the described tape spool of claim 1, it is characterized in that the axial curved surface of spiral fluted of described spiral switching mechanism is the cosine face to the signal input.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100602912A CN101620968B (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2009-08-07 | Large-cyclotron electron gun with axial signal input of cusped magnetic field |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100602912A CN101620968B (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2009-08-07 | Large-cyclotron electron gun with axial signal input of cusped magnetic field |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101620968A CN101620968A (en) | 2010-01-06 |
| CN101620968B true CN101620968B (en) | 2010-09-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2009100602912A Expired - Fee Related CN101620968B (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2009-08-07 | Large-cyclotron electron gun with axial signal input of cusped magnetic field |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105551914B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2018-10-16 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of convolution tube electron gun based on carbon nanotube cold cathode |
| CN105845532B (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-11-14 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of transversal exiting device of gyrotron traveling wave tube |
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- 2009-08-07 CN CN2009100602912A patent/CN101620968B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101620968A (en) | 2010-01-06 |
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Granted publication date: 20100915 Termination date: 20130807 |