Low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel
Technical field
The present invention relates to low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel, particularly relate to a kind of combined supporting and absorbing device for low temperature insulation container made, and the low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel with this combined supporting and absorbing device.
Background technique
The low temperature insulation container made that is used for the loading cryogenic media is typically provided with inside and outside two-layer container wall, thereby is formed with sandwich structure between inside and outside wall.Existing insulation method for low temperature insulation container made mainly contains two kinds of vacuum multi-layer insulation and vacuum-powders insulations.Adopt the thickness of interlayer (being about 75mm) of the container of vacuum multi-layer insulation to want thin a lot of than the thickness of interlayer (being about 200-300mm) of the container that adopts powder isolation.As seen, adopt the low temperature insulation container made of vacuum multi-layer insulation technology (to be called again: useful load that low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel) can the Effective Raise container, thereby obtained using widely.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of structure of existing low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel 10.Container 10 has the telescopic container wall that is made of inner and outer wall, and wherein, inwall comprises columniform inner barrel 11 and is positioned at the end socket 12 at inner barrel 11 two ends; Outer wall is enclosed in inner wall outside, and comprises columniform outer cylinder body 13 and the outside head 14 that is positioned at outer cylinder body 13 two ends.Inner barrel 11 and outer cylinder body 13 have consisted of the shell portion of container 10, and interior end socket 12 and outside head 14 have consisted of the end socket part of container 10.The inner container that is formed by inwall is used for loading cryogenic media.Interlayer 15 between the inside and outside wall is configured to vacuum, thus improve container heat-insulating property, reduce cryogenic media in the container to the race cold of normal temperature environment." vacuum " in this specification refers to that air pressure wherein is less than or equal to 0.01Pa.
In order further to improve the heat-insulating property of container 10, be provided with multilayer insulant at the outer surface of container inner wall.Insulation material layer is arranged in interlayer 15.As time goes on, insulation material layer may discharge gas, reduces the degree of vacuum of interlayer 15, thereby reduces the heat-insulating property of container.For this reason, in container 10, usually also be provided with one or more cryogenic absorption devices 16.
As shown in Figure 2, cryogenic absorption device 16 comprises: the cover body 161 that end sealing, an end open wide, and the baffle plate 162 that is installed in the open end of cover body 161.The low temperature adsorbent 90 of adsorbable gas is filled in the space between cover body 161 and the baffle plate 162.Baffle plate 162 is provided with the hole, and is provided with screen net structure 164 in the inboard of baffle plate 162, is used for preventing that low temperature adsorbent 90 from spilling from the hole of baffle plate 162.Because low temperature adsorbent adsorption performance at low temperatures is good, thereby the cryogenic absorption device is arranged on the low temperature side of container usually, namely is fixed on the inwall, and protrudes towards internal tank.For example, be fixed to as shown in Figure 1 on the inner barrel 11.Have the hole for the corresponding region of fixing this cryogenic absorption device 16 on the inner barrel 11, like this, the gas in the interlayer 15 just can enter cryogenic absorption device 16 and be adsorbed by low temperature adsorbent 90 via the hole on the hole on the inwall and the baffle plate 162.
Since usually heavier behind container 10 load mediums, thereby between the inside and outside wall of container, usually also be provided with one or more supporting structures 17, be used for deadweight and the load-carrying of bearing container inner wall.For example, can a supporting structure 17 be set respectively in two end socket parts of container, as shown in Figure 1.Research finds that the race cold that is caused by supporting structure 17 can account for whole low temperature insulation container made and run about 30% of cold, and the race cold of this supporting structure 17 and its length are inversely proportional to.Thereby the length of usually wishing supporting structure 17 can be as far as possible long.Yet under the condition that satisfies the vacuum heat-preserving effect, the artificer wishes also that usually thermal insulating layer 15 is as far as possible thin, to enlarge the volume of inner container.
In order to guarantee to increase the length of supporting structure 17 under the less prerequisite of thermal insulating layer 15 thickness as far as possible, can perforate on the inwall of container 10 or outer wall, can pass in this hole so that have the supporting structure 17 of sufficient length.As shown in Figure 1, have the hole at interior end socket 12, and be provided with one to the outstanding cover body 121 of inner container in this hole, to seal up this hole, keep the degree of vacuum in the interlayer 15.Supporting structure 17 can extend to long enough in cover body 121.Be provided with limiting structure 171,172 at the two ends of supporting structure 17, so that supporting structure 17 is fixed on the inner and outer wall.
Cryogenic absorption device and supporting structure can also be arranged on other position of container, and/or have other structure.Fig. 3 shows another kind of existing low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel 20.Wherein, the structure of cryogenic absorption device 26 and previously described cryogenic absorption device 16 are similar, but are fixed to the interior end socket 22 of container.The zone that is fixed with this cryogenic absorption device 26 on the interior end socket 22 is provided with the hole, so that the gas in the interlayer 25 can enter cryogenic absorption device 26 and be adsorbed by low temperature adsorbent 90 wherein.Shell portion at container 20 is provided with four supporting structures 27, has the hole at the corresponding position of outer cylinder body 23, and is provided with an outwardly lid 231 at each place, hole, to seal up this hole, keeps the degree of vacuum in the interlayer 25.Like this, supporting structure 27 can extend to long enough in lid 231.Equally, also limiting structure 271,272 can be set at the two ends of supporting structure 27, so that supporting structure 27 is fixed on the inner and outer wall.
Yet there are following some shortcomings in existing low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel.
At first because cryogenic absorption device and supporting structure arrange respectively, thereby need them each can produce respectively the race cold.Wherein, the meeting when adsorbed gas of the low temperature adsorbent in the cryogenic absorption device namely consumes certain cold so that temperature on every side slightly raises; And supporting structure is because the inner and outer wall of its direct contacting container in two ends, thereby the temperature difference between the inside and outside wall is larger, and the race cold that is caused by supporting structure is more.In addition, in cryogenic absorption device and the supporting structure each, all need to perforate on the inwall of container or outer wall, and the more many degree of vacuum that more are not easy to keep in the interlayer of the quantity of perforate.
For structure shown in Figure 1, each in cryogenic absorption device 16 and the supporting structure 17 is set, all need to be in the inwall perforate, thus can affect the overall construction intensity of inwall; And, all need arrange to projecting inward cover body at each place, hole, thereby can reduce the volume of inner container.
For structure shown in Figure 3, because outer wall is provided with outwardly lid 231, thereby meeting be so that the monnolithic case size increase of container 20, causes in the transportation process low, the easy formation potential safety hazard of colliding with of safety coefficient.In addition, the lid of evagination has strengthened the interlayer vacuum-pumping difficulty, and covers the rear vacuum leak that causes easily that is subject to colliding with.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of combined supporting and absorbing device to solve above-mentioned one or more deficiency.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel, and described low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel can overcome above-mentioned one or more deficiencies.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of combined supporting and absorbing device, it comprises: cover body, end sealing and the other end opens wide; The baffle plate of porous is arranged on the opening end of described cover body, also is provided with opening on the described baffle plate; Supporting structure, one end pass described baffle plate opening, extend into and be fixed to described cover body; And low temperature adsorbent, be filled in the space that is limited by described cover body and described baffle plate around described supporting structure.
Also be provided with for the silk screen that prevents that the hole of low temperature adsorbent from described baffle plate from spilling in the side of described baffle-panels to described cover body.
Described supporting structure extends on the end in the described cover body and also is provided with for the limiting structure that this supporting structure is fixed to described cover body.
To achieve these goals, the present invention also provides a kind of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel, it has inner and outer wall, wherein inwall has consisted of the inner container of described low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel and has comprised inner barrel and interior end socket, outer wall is arranged on the outside of described inwall and comprises outer cylinder body and outside head, form vacuum sandwich between described inwall and the described outer wall, and be provided with multilayer insulant at the outer surface of inwall.In described low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel, also be provided with one or more combined supporting and absorbing devices.Each described combined supporting and absorbing device comprises: cover body, and end sealing and the other end opens wide, its open end is fixed on the inwall of described low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel, and closed end protrudes towards the inside of described inner container; The baffle plate of porous is arranged on the opening end of described cover body, also is provided with opening on the described baffle plate; Supporting structure, one end pass described baffle plate opening, extend into and be fixed to the cover body of described combined supporting and absorbing device, and its other end is fixed on the described outer wall; And low temperature adsorbent, be filled in the space that is limited by described cover body and described baffle plate around described supporting structure.Position at the cover body of the fixing described combined supporting and absorbing device of described inwall is provided with the hole, so that described vacuum sandwich is connected with the space that is limited by described cover body and described baffle plate.
Described combined supporting and absorbing device is arranged on the end socket part of this low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel.
Described combined supporting and absorbing device is arranged on the shell portion of this low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel.
The baffle plate of described combined supporting and absorbing device also is provided with for the silk screen that prevents that the hole of low temperature adsorbent from described baffle plate from spilling in the side towards cover body.
Two ends in described supporting structure are respectively equipped with limiting structure, are respectively fixed to the cover body of described combined supporting and absorbing device and the outer wall of described low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel with the two ends with this supporting structure.
Described limiting structure is the ring around the corresponding end of described supporting structure.
Described limiting structure is concave station, and this concave station has the groove corresponding with the corresponding end shape of described supporting structure.
Described limiting structure is made of a plurality of drawstrings.
Combined supporting and absorbing device of the present invention can also utilize to be filled in supporting structure low temperature adsorbent absorption on every side to the gas in the interlayer between the inside and outside wall when the inside and outside wall of container is played a supporting role, thereby keeps the degree of vacuum in the interlayer.
By being provided with this combined supporting and absorbing device, can reduce the quantity of additional structure in the low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel, thereby reduce the quantity of perforate on the wall within it, improved the structural strength of container self.Along with the minimizing of the number of openings on inwall, be arranged on being used on the inwall to cover the also corresponding minimizing of quantity to projecting inward cover body in these holes, thereby reduced the impact of convex cover body on vessel volume.In addition, owing to be provided with the low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel of combined supporting and absorbing device, do not have the structure of evagination on its outer wall, thereby can improve Transport Safety.
The present invention is described in detail with detailed mode of execution below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cryogenic absorption device among Fig. 1, has removed low temperature adsorbent wherein;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel of another kind of prior art;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation according to combined supporting and absorbing device of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the partial view of combined supporting and absorbing device among Fig. 4, shows the opening on the baffle plate;
Fig. 6 shows the partial schematic diagram according to a kind of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel of the present invention, and wherein combined supporting and absorbing device is arranged on the shell portion of this container;
Fig. 7 is the local diagram of combined supporting and absorbing device, shows a kind of distortion of limiting structure;
Fig. 8 is the local diagram of combined supporting and absorbing device, shows the another kind distortion of limiting structure;
Fig. 9 shows the partial schematic diagram according to another kind of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel of the present invention, and wherein combined supporting and absorbing device is arranged on the end socket part of this container.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the invention provides a kind of combined supporting and absorbing device 30, it comprises: an end seals and the unlimited cover body 31 of the other end; And the baffle plate 32 that is arranged on the opening end of cover body 31, thereby between cover body 31 and baffle plate 32, define holding space 39.Baffle plate 32 is the structure of porous, and is provided with opening 321 thereon, so that an end (first end) 341 of supporting structure 34 can pass the inside that this opening 321 enters into cover body 31, namely enters in the holding space 39.The other end of supporting structure 34 (the second end) 342 is positioned at the outside of cover body 31.Supporting structure 34 is preferably made by glass fibre reinforced plastic material.
In holding space 39, low temperature adsorbent 90 be filled in supporting structure 34 around.For instance, a kind of shape of low temperature adsorbent commonly used is that diameter is, length is the small column particle of 3~6mm about 2mm.The porous structure of baffle plate 32 so that holding space 39 be communicated with outside, thereby so that low temperature adsorbent 90 can be adsorbed the gas from the outside.Preferably, in the side of baffle plate 32 towards cover body 31, also be provided with for the silk screen 35 that prevents that the hole of low temperature adsorbent 90 from baffle plate 32 from spilling.In addition, the shape of baffle openings 32 1 is configured to corresponding with the cross section of supporting structure 34, thereby avoids low temperature adsorbent 90 to spill from opening 321.
As shown in Figure 4, supporting structure 34 can be the tubular structure of hollow.At this moment, the first end 341 that supporting structure 34 enters into cover body 31 is closed, and spills from the inside of the hollow of supporting structure 34 to avoid low temperature adsorbent 90.Certainly, as required, also supporting structure 34 can be arranged to other suitable form, such as supporting post of solid construction etc.Supporting structure 34 also can be comprised of a plurality of supporting posts or support tube.At this moment, need on baffle plate 32, corresponding to each supporting post/support tube an opening be set respectively.
Fig. 6 shows a kind of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel 50 that is provided with combined supporting and absorbing device 30, and wherein combined supporting and absorbing device 30 is arranged on the end socket part of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel 50.Similar with existing low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel, low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel 50 has the telescopic container wall that is made of inner and outer wall.Inwall has consisted of the inner container that is used for the carrying cryogenic media, the end socket 52 that it comprises inner barrel 51 and is positioned at the inner barrel two ends; Outer wall is arranged on the outside of inwall, the outside head 54 that it comprises outer cylinder body 53 and is positioned at the outer cylinder body two ends.Inner barrel 51 and outer cylinder body 52 have consisted of the shell portion of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel 50 jointly, and interior end socket 52 and outside head 54 have consisted of the end socket part of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel 50 jointly.Form vacuum sandwich 55 between the inner and outer wall, and be provided with multilayer insulant at the outer surface of inwall.
As shown in Figure 6, be provided with a hole in the position that is fixed with this combined supporting and absorbing device of interior end socket 52, the open end of cover body 31 is fixed in this hole by the mode of for example welding.Like this, the holding space 39 of combined supporting and absorbing device 30 is connected with interlayer 55.Like this, the low temperature adsorbent 90 in the holding space 39 can be adsorbed because insulation material layer is discharged into the gas in the interlayer 55.Certainly, also cover body 31 can be fixed on the interior end socket 52 and the hole on the end socket in covering.
The closed end of cover body 31 protrudes to the inside of container, thereby, can provide sufficient wider space for supporting structure 34 by size and the structure that cover body 31 is set, so that supporting structure 34 can extend to enough length.The first end 341 of supporting structure 34 is positioned at cover body 31 and fixing with respect to cover body 31, and its second end 342 extends cover body 31 and fixing with respect to the outer wall (being outside head 54 here) of container 50, thereby plays the effect of the inside and outside wall of support vessels.
For make the supporting structure 34 of being made by glass fibre reinforced plastic material easier with make container outer wall by metallic material and cover body is fixed, preferably, also be provided with limiting structure at the two ends of supporting structure 34.Limiting structure can be made by metallic material, thereby can be fixed on container outer wall or the cover body by the mode of for example welding.Preferably, the periphery at the two ends of supporting structure 34 can arrange the shoulder structure, so that limiting structure is with respect to the corresponding end 341 of supporting structure, 342 fixing.
As shown in Figure 4, limiting structure can be the ring 36 around the corresponding end of supporting structure 34.As required, limiting structure can also be arranged to other shape that is fit to.For example, as shown in Figure 7, limiting structure can be a concave station 37, and a side of described concave station 37 has the groove corresponding with the shape of the first end 341 of supporting structure or the second end 342, to hold the corresponding end of this supporting structure; And opposite side for example is fixed on the outside head 54.As shown in Figure 8, limiting structure can also be made of a plurality of drawstrings 38, and an end of these drawstrings 38 is fixed on the supporting structure 34, and the other end for example is fixed on the cover body 31.It is noted that as required the limiting structure that is arranged on supporting structure 34 two ends can be the same or different.
According to the present invention, combined supporting and absorbing device 30 can also be arranged on the shell portion of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel.Fig. 9 shows a kind of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel 60 of such setting.Arranging in the container 50 of the setting of combined supporting and absorbing device 30 in container 60 and in front description is similar, difference only is, the cover body 31 of combined supporting and absorbing device 30 is fixed on the inner barrel 61 of inwall, simultaneously be provided with a hole in the position that is fixed with this cover body 31 of inner barrel 61, be used for so that the interlayer 65 between the inside and outside wall of the holding space 39 of combined supporting and absorbing device 30 and container 60 is connected.
As required, combined supporting and absorbing device 30 of the present invention can be arranged on any suitable position of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel.For example, can a combined supporting and absorbing device 30 be set respectively in two end socket parts of container; Perhaps, can be in the shell portion setting example of container such as four combined supporting and absorbing devices 30; Perhaps, can also combined supporting and absorbing device 30 all be set in shell portion and the end socket part of container.
It is noted that a part that in the holding space 39 of combined supporting and absorbing device 30 of the present invention, accommodates supporting structure.Thereby the amount of the low temperature adsorbent 90 that can hold in combined supporting and absorbing device 30 can be less than what can hold in the existing cryogenic absorption device with identical cover body size.Yet, owing to all can hold low temperature adsorbent in each combined supporting and absorbing device 30, thereby can guarantee the total amount of the low temperature adsorbent in the container.Perhaps, the size of cover body 31 that can corresponding increase combined supporting and absorbing device 30 for example is increased to 1.15~1.25 times of existing cryogenic absorption device cover body size.
In combined supporting and absorbing device 30 of the present invention, supporting structure 34 can provide support the inside and outside wall of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel; Simultaneously, the low temperature adsorbent 90 that is filled in the holding space 39 can be used for adsorbed gas.Like this, just need not in low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel, to arrange independent cryogenic absorption device and supporting structure.
Should be noted that, since low temperature adsorbent when adsorbed gas meeting so that temperature on every side slightly raise, thereby be adsorbed in the present invention the supporting structure first end that agent surrounds temperature can than in the prior art directly and the temperature of the contacted supporting structure first end of container inner wall height.Therefore, the temperature difference at supporting structure two ends is less in the present invention, thereby the race cold that is caused by supporting structure can reduce.As seen, by low temperature adsorbent being arranged on around the supporting structure, can effectively reduce the race cold of low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel.
Owing to need not cryogenic absorption device and supporting structure are set separately in low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel, so can reduce the quantity of perforate on container inner wall, simplify the structure of container self, and improve the structural strength of container self.Along with the minimizing of the number of openings on inwall, be arranged on being used on the inwall to cover the also corresponding minimizing of quantity to the projecting inward cover body of container in these holes, thereby reduced the impact of convex cover body on vessel volume.In addition, owing to be provided with the low-temperature multilayer heat insulating vessel of combined supporting and absorbing device, do not have the structure of evagination on its outer wall, thereby can improve Transport Safety.
Although should be pointed out that invention has been described by above-mentioned mode of execution, yet the present invention also can have other numerous embodiments.Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; those of ordinary skill in the art obviously can make various corresponding changes and distortion to the present invention, but these changes and distortion all should belong in the scope that claims of the present invention and equivalent thereof protect.