CN101614166B - Hydrocarbon retaining system and method - Google Patents
Hydrocarbon retaining system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101614166B CN101614166B CN200910148939.1A CN200910148939A CN101614166B CN 101614166 B CN101614166 B CN 101614166B CN 200910148939 A CN200910148939 A CN 200910148939A CN 101614166 B CN101614166 B CN 101614166B
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 102
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Abstract
The present invention relates to hydrocarbon retaining system and method, specifically describe a kind of transmission during electromotor starts and be vented to Hydrocarbon holding means, and extracted the system and method to motor intake manifold, including: during warm condition, the aerofluxus of electromotor is sent to hydrocarbon retaining system to store exhaust hydrocarbon；After warm condition, extract the Hydrocarbon of the storage from hydrocarbon retaining system；And after extracting, and when selecting to continue to rotate when electromotor during operating mode, again the aerofluxus of electromotor is sent to hydrocarbon retaining system.The present invention describes for controlling operating and the plurality of replaceable methods of diagnosis deterioration.Additionally, the present invention describes the configuration of multiple association.The present invention can use cylinder deactivation more, also avoids the deterioration of emission relevant to the catalyst temperature reduced to control effect simultaneously.
Description
[technical field]
Present invention relates in general to a kind of exhaust-gas treatment system for explosive motor.
[background technology]
Engine response operates under a plurality of modes of operation in the request etc. of environmental aspect, driver.Some electromotors can stop
Only operate under pattern, such as fuel cut-off mode or cylinder deactivation (inlet valve/exhaust valve remains turned-off) pattern sub-cylinder group.
But, the present inventors have realized that some problems that this method is brought.As an example, at this stopping mould
The air-flow being effectively improved during formula and/or reduce can make catalyst temperature decrease below initiation temperature.
It addition, electromotor can also be in enrichment operating under various modes with protection electromotor or exhaust component, such as catalyst temperature
Spend high situation.
Also, inventors herein have recognized that this operating can increase exhaust emissions.
[summary of the invention]
The method of the electromotor by a kind of operating with gas handling system, gas extraction system and hydrocarbon retaining system can be solved
At least some the problems referred to above, the method includes: during warm condition, the aerofluxus of electromotor is sent to Hydrocarbon and protects
System of holding is to store exhaust hydrocarbon；After warm condition, extract the storage from hydrocarbon retaining system
Hydrocarbon；And after extracting, and when selecting to continue to rotate when electromotor during operating mode, again by electromotor
Aerofluxus be sent to hydrocarbon retaining system.
So, starting condition and electromotor start and/or warming-up after occur other operating mode during (such as at cylinder deactivation
During operating) available hydrocarbon retaining system.Specifically, in this, it may use cylinder deactivation more,
Also avoid the deterioration of emission relevant to the catalyst temperature reduced to control effect simultaneously.
According to a further aspect in the invention, it is provided that a kind of operating has gas handling system, gas extraction system and hydrocarbon retaining
The method of the electromotor of system.The method includes: during warm condition, the aerofluxus of electromotor is sent to Hydrocarbon and protects
System of holding is to store exhaust hydrocarbon；After warm condition, cross hydrocarbon retaining system when transmitting exhaust bypass
Time extraction hydrocarbon retaining system storage Hydrocarbon to engine aspirating system；After extracting, and choosing
During selecting operating mode when electromotor continues to rotate, again the aerofluxus of electromotor is sent to hydrocarbon retaining system；With
And after again aerofluxus being sent to hydrocarbon retaining system, cross hydrocarbon retaining system transmitting exhaust bypass
The Hydrocarbon of Shi Zaici extraction hydrocarbon retaining system storage is to engine aspirating system.
According to another aspect of the invention, it is provided that a kind of operating has gas handling system, gas extraction system and hydrocarbon retaining
The method of the electromotor of system.The method includes: during warm condition, the aerofluxus of electromotor is sent to Hydrocarbon and protects
System of holding is to store exhaust hydrocarbon；After warm condition, cross hydrocarbon retaining system when transmitting exhaust bypass
Time extraction hydrocarbon retaining system storage Hydrocarbon to engine aspirating system；After extracting, and choosing
During selecting operating mode when electromotor continues to rotate, again the aerofluxus of electromotor is sent to hydrocarbon retaining system；Again
Secondary aerofluxus is sent to hydrocarbon retaining system after, when transmitting exhaust bypass and crossing hydrocarbon retaining system again
The Hydrocarbon of extraction hydrocarbon retaining system storage is to engine charge system；And during based on extraction operation
The deterioration of exhaust air-fuel ratio identification hydrocarbon retaining system.
It should be understood that it will be further that summary of the invention above is to provide introducing in a simple form
The series of concepts described.It does not means that and determines theme main or key feature are claimed, the scope being claimed
Uniquely defined by the claim meeting detailed description of the invention.Additionally, the theme advocated be not restricted to solve above mentioned or
The embodiment of any shortcoming that any part is mentioned in this specification.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 shows that electromotor, gas extraction system and Hydrocarbon (HC) keep the schematic diagram of system.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of explosive motor.
Fig. 3,4,5,6 and 7 show that HC keeps the various embodiments of system.
Fig. 8,9,10,11,12,13 and 14 show that explanation electromotor, gas extraction system and HC keep the operating of system
High level flow chart.
[detailed description of the invention]
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of Vehicular system 6.Vehicular system 6 includes that being connected to Hydrocarbon (HC) keeps system
System 22 and the engine system 8 of fuel system 18.
Engine system 8 can include the electromotor 10 with multiple cylinder 30.Electromotor 10 includes gas handling system 23 He
Gas extraction system 25.Gas handling system 23 includes the air throttle being fluidly coupled to motor intake manifold 44 via inlet channel 42
62.Gas extraction system 25 includes leading to the exhaust manifold 48 transmitting the exhaust passage 35 being vented in air.Gas extraction system 25
Can include one or more emission control system 70, it may be installed the close-coupled position in gas extraction system.One or many
Individual emission control system can include three-way catalyst, dilute NOx trap, diesel particulate filter, oxidation catalyst etc..Should
This is to include the most multiple valve of other parts and sensing in electromotor expressly as shown in the exemplary engine of Fig. 2
Device.
Gas extraction system 25 also can be operably coupled to hydrocarbon retaining system 22 via pipeline 26 and valve 24.?
In one example, during engine cold starting operates, aerofluxus can transmit to hydrocarbon retaining system 22.Subsequently, as
Described below, once emission control system 70 has reached its operating temperature, and the Hydrocarbon being maintained in system 22 can
It is extracted (purge) to electromotor via gas handling system 23.
Returning Fig. 1, fuel system 18 can include the fuel tank 20 being connected to fuel pump system 21.Fuel pump system 21 can
Including one or more pumps for the fuel of pressurized transfer to the ejector of electromotor 10, the such as example injector 66 shown.
Although only showing single ejector 66, extra ejector can be used for each cylinder.It should be understood that fuel system
18 can be return-less fuel system, return fuel system or multiple other kinds of fuel system.It is as described further below,
The steam produced in fuel system 18 can be sent to hydrocarbon via pipeline 31 before being extracted to engine aspirating system 23
Compound keeps system 22.
Fuel tank 20 can preserve multiple fuel mixture, including the fuel of a series of determining alcohol, such as include E10, E85,
Gasoline etc. and the multiple gasoline-ethanol mixture of combinations thereof.
Hydrocarbon retaining system 22 can include one or more Hydrocarbon holding means, such as, be configured to interim
The hydrocarbon trap of Hydrocarbon is trapped from air inlet.Hydrocarbon retaining system 22 can farther include to work as
When storing or trap the Hydrocarbon from gas extraction system 25 and/or fuel system 18, gas can be sent to holding system
To the ventilation duct 27 in air outside 22.When extraction is from gas extraction system 25 and/or hydrocarbonization of the storage of fuel system 18
During compound, ventilation duct 27 also allows for fresh air and is inhaled into Hydrocarbon holding via extraction conduit 28 and extraction valve 29
In system 22.Although this example showing the ventilation duct 27 connected with the fresh air not heated, it is possible to use multiple
Amendment.Such as, the air inlet of the heating extracting case from air can be used.Additionally, the row of heating can be used under selected conditions
Gas.
Many germlines of the hydrocarbon retaining system 22 of the multiple combination with valve, sensor etc. can be used in system 6
Under unified central planning put.Such as, configure with reference to Fig. 3 to 7 multiple systems described here, discussed below.Although and Fig. 3 to 7
Various configurations show the alternative feature of multiple concrete combination, from Fig. 3 to 7 in various features can also combine
Together to form another example arrangement.The most multiple extra parts may be included in gas handling system, gas extraction system and fuel system
In system, the such as acoustic filter in valve 24 downstream.
Vehicular system 6 may also include control system 14.Control system 14 is shown as (described herein from multiple sensors 16
Its multiple example) reception information and send control signals to multiple driver 81 (this document describes multiple example).
As an example, sensor 16 can include being positioned at the exhaust sensor 126 of emission control system upstream, temperature sensor
128 and pressure transducer 129.Other sensors such as pressure transducer, temperature sensor and component sensor are connectable to
Multiple positions in Vehicular system 6, as the most discussed in detail.As another example, driver can include that fuel sprays
Emitter 66, valve 29, valve 24 and air throttle 62.Control system 14 can include controller 12.Controller can be from multiple sensing
Device receives input data, processes input data, and based on instruction or therein corresponding to being programmed into of one or more programs
The input data-triggered driver that code response processes.Describe example herein with reference to Fig. 8 to 12 and control program.
Hydrocarbon retaining system 22 can or operate for from including engine exhaust system during different operating modes simultaneously
Multiple sources storage Hydrocarbon of system 25 and fuel system 18.Under some conditions, such as electromotor start during when
Emission control system is also not reaching to its initiation temperature and (such as reaches selected the highest for this device of specific exhaust gas composition
The temperature of transformation efficiency) time, aerofluxus can be sent to hydrocarbon retaining system 22 from gas extraction system 25, and subsequently
It is sent in air by ventilation duct 27.So, the increments of cold start hydrocarbon emission is storable in nytron
In thing keeps system 22, heating exhaust gas emission control system 70 simultaneously.Subsequently, once device 70 reaches enough operatings
Temperature, aerofluxus by pipeline 35 be transferred in air and hydrocarbon retaining system 22 substantially with engine exhaust
Isolation.It addition, the fuel vapo(u)r produced in fuel tank 20 can be delivered to engine aspirating system 23 and at electromotor 10
It is sent to before interior burning in hydrocarbon retaining system 22 for storing.Can simultaneously, respectively or a combination thereof realizes these
Different memory modules (from gas extraction system 25, with from fuel system 18).
After isolating with aerofluxus, hydrocarbon retaining system 22 is connectable to engine aspirating system to pass through air vent
27 suction fresh airs and extract the Hydrocarbon of storage in engine aspirating system to burn in electromotor.This
The extraction operating of sample can occur during the most selected engine operating condition.
Here extraction and the additional detail of storage operating will be described.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a cylinder of display multicylinder engine 10.As described with reference to fig. 1, electromotor 10 can
At least partly by including the control system of controller 12 and being controlled through the input of input equipment 130 by vehicle operators 132.
In this example, input equipment 130 includes accelerator pedal and for proportionally producing the pedal of pedal position signal PP
Position sensor 134.The combustor of electromotor 10 or cylinder 30 can include the burning with the piston 36 positioned in the inner
Locular wall 32.Piston 36 is connectable to bent axle 40 to make the reciprocating motion of piston be converted into the rotary motion of bent axle.Bent axle
40 at least one driving wheel that can be connected to vehicle via intermediate transmission system.And, starter motor can connect via flywheel
To bent axle 40 to open the starting operation of electromotor 10.
Combustor 30 can via air intake duct 42 from inlet manifold 44 receive air inlet and can via exhaust manifold 48 discharge combustion
Burn gas.Inlet manifold 44 and exhaust manifold 48 can via respective inlet valve 52 and exhaust valve 54 optionally with burning
Room 30 connects.In certain embodiments, combustor 30 can include two or more inlet valve and/or two or more
Exhaust valve.Inlet manifold can include being fluidly coupled to exhaust stream to allow extraction steam to be transported to the inlet manifold of electromotor
The extraction path of 44.Although the extraction path that this example shows air throttle downstream makes manifold vacuum suck gas, also
Other configurations multiple can be used.Such as, in the case of turbocharged engine, extraction circuit can lead to turbocharger pressure
The upstream of contracting device entrance.
In this example, inlet valve 52 He can be controlled via respective cam driving system 51 and 53 by actuated by cams
Exhaust valve 54.Cam driving system 51 and 53 may each comprise one or more cams and available can be by controller 12
Just operate one or more cam profiles conversion (CPS), variable cam timing (VCT), the changeable air valve to change valve operating
Time (VVT) and/or lift range variable (VVL) system.The position of inlet valve 52 and exhaust valve 54 can be respectively by position
Sensor 55 and 57 determines.In an alternative embodiment, inlet valve 52 and/or exhaust valve 54 can be driven by electrodynamic valve
Control.Such as, cylinder 30 alternately includes driving the inlet valve controlled and by including CPS and/or VCT via electrodynamic valve
The exhaust valve that the actuated by cams of system controls.
Fuel injector 66 be shown as being connected directly to combustor 30 for by fuel with via electronic driver 68 from control
The pulse width of the FPW signal that device 12 receives the most directly is sprayed in it.In this way, fuel injector 66 will combustion
Material provides to combustor 30 in the way of referred to as fuel directly sprays.Fuel injector may be installed the side of such as combustor
Or top of combustion chamber.Fuel can be delivered to by the fuel system (not shown) including fuel tank, petrolift and fuel rail
Fuel injector 66.In certain embodiments, combustor 30 alternatively, or in addition include with by fuel with referred to as air inlet
The mode of road injection is sprayed the configuration of the air intake duct to combustor 30 upstream and is arranged on the fuel injector in air intake duct 44.
Air intake duct 42 can include the air throttle 62 with choke block 64.In this object lesson, controller 12 via
There is provided to electro-motor or motor driver (a kind of normally referred to as Electronic Throttle Control (ETC) including air throttle 62
Configuration) the position of signal change choke block 64.In this way, the air throttle 62 that can operate provides to other to change
The air inlet in combustor 30 in engine cylinder.The position of choke block 64 can be provided by throttle position signal TP
To controller 12.Air intake duct 42 can include mass air flow sensor 120 and Manifold Air Pressure sensor 122 for
There is provided respective MAF and MAP signal to controller 12.
Under selected operation mode, ignition system 88 can respond the spark advance signal SA from controller 12 via spark
Pilot spark is provided to combustor 30 by plug 92.Although showing spark ignition parts, in certain embodiments, no matter have
Other combustor one or more without pilot spark, combustor 30 or electromotor 10 can be with compression ignition mode operation.
Exhaust sensor 126 is shown as connected to the exhaust duct 48 of emission control system 70 upstream.Sensor 126 can be
For any applicable sensor providing exhaust air-fuel ratio to indicate, such as linear oxygen sensors or UEGO (general or wide area
Exhaust gas oxygen sensor), bifurcation oxygen sensor or EGO (exhaust gas oxygen sensor), HEGO (hot type EGO), nitrogen oxides (NOx),
Hydrocarbon (HC) or carbon monoxide (CO) sensor.Emission control system 70 is shown as along exhaust sensor 126
The exhaust duct 48 in downstream is arranged.Device 70 can be three-way catalyst (TWC), NOx trap, other emission controls multiple
Device or a combination thereof.In certain embodiments, during electromotor 10 operates, can be by sending out with specific air-fuel ratio operation
Reset emission control system 70 at least one engine cycle of motivation.
Fig. 1 middle controller (or control system) 12 is shown as microcomputer, including microprocessor unit 102, input/
Output port 104, electronic storage medium for executable program and calibration value (are shown as read-only in this object lesson
Memory chip 106), random access memory 108, keep-alive memorizer 110 and data/address bus.The read-only storage of storage medium
Device 106 can be programmed with represent can by processor 102 perform for perform method as described below and it is expected to but do not have
There is the mechanized data of the instruction of other variable specifically listed.Controller 12 can be from the sensing being connected to electromotor 10
Device receives multi-signal, except those signals discussed before, also includes: introducing Mass Air Flow (MAF) measured value,
From the engine coolant temperature (ECT) of the temperature sensor 112 being connected to cooling cover 114, from being connected to bent axle
The pulse firing sensing signal (PIP) of 40 hall effect sensors 118 (or other types), from throttle position sensing
The throttle position (TP) of device and the absolute Manifold Pressure Signal (MAP) from sensor 122.Engine rotational speed signal
RPM can be generated from pulse firing sensing PIP signal by controller 12.Manifold pressure signal from manifold pressure sensor
MAP can be used for the vacuum in offer inlet manifold or pressure instruction.
As it has been described above, Fig. 2 shows a cylinder of multicylinder engine 10, and each cylinder can be similarly included it certainly
There are group inlet valve/exhaust valve, fuel injector, spark plug etc..
Fig. 3 shows the HC catcher including such as be arrangeding in parallel and in emission control system 70 downstream with discharge duct 35
First enforcement of the hydrocarbon retaining system of the Hydrocarbon holding means of 310 and adsorption tanks (canister) 322
Example 300.Discharge duct valve 24 is positioned at discharge duct for stoping exhaust stream during first mode, and at the second mould
Exhaust stream is allowed to pass through during formula.By-pass line 312 is connected to the upstream and downstream of discharge duct valve 24.Additionally, bypass
Pipeline 312 includes the first bypass valve 314, HC catcher 310 and the second bypass valve 318.In this example, HC trapping
Device can include brick 320.In other example, HC catcher can include multiple brick or other structures, such as activated carbon.Additionally,
HC catcher 310 alternatively uses activated carbon or the adsorption tanks of zeolite of micropore (0.5nm hole dimension scope).By-pass line
312 by ventilation duct 27 and lead to air alternately through valve 318 and pipeline 35.
Additionally, HC catcher 310 can be fluidly coupled to extract adsorption tanks 322 via passage 324.Extraction adsorption tanks 322
It is configurable to collect steam, such as via the pipeline 328 leading to fuel tank 20 from fuel system.Passage 324 can include
Valve 326.Extraction adsorption tanks 322 also can be fluidly coupled to engine aspirating system via pipeline 330 and valve 332.It is similar to
HC catcher 310, adsorption tanks 322 can include activated carbon, although it can have difference, the highest, porous.
Although this example shows two Hydrocarbon holding meanss (such as HC catcher 310 and extraction adsorption tanks
322), multiple replacement can be used.Such as, single Hydrocarbon holding means, such as adsorption tanks can be used, wherein adsorb
Tank operating is with storage exhaust hydrocarbon and fuel tank steam.Additionally, two Hydrocarbon holding meanss can be suction
Attached tank, maybe can be HC catcher.No matter HC keeps the concrete configuration of system, and Hydrocarbon holding means can receive biography
The cold start Hydrocarbon that send also keeps Hydrocarbon.
In one example, the gamut of the delivery temperature experienced in can being sufficiently below gas extraction system due to delivery temperature, carbon
Hydrogen compound holding means can comprise the granular active carbon that plastic housing is contained within.
Hydrocarbon retaining system 22 in Fig. 3 can be transported with multiple patterns by the selective control of multiple valve by controller
Turn.Such as, following operation mode can be performed:
Mode A: exhaust hydrocarbon stores
During selecting electromotor and/or vehicle working condition, controller 12 can close valve closing 24 and 326, and open valve 314 and
Selectively opened valve 318.It addition, valve 332 cuts out.Example operating mode is included in emission control system and has reached initiation temperature
Engine cold starting operating before.Under this scheme, from electromotor 10 aerofluxus via ventilation duct 27 leave to
Transport through HC catcher 310 before air, extraction adsorption tanks 322 and aerofluxus simultaneously and hydrocarbon retaining system every
From time.
Mode B: fuel vapo(u)r stores
During selecting electromotor and/or vehicle working condition, controller 12 can open valve 24 and 326, and closes valve closing 314
With 318.Valve 332 can be off, and fuel tank steam only stores in this case, does not extract.Alternately, valve 322
The size of control, so some fuel tank steams can be opened into stored and some are transported to electromotor for burning.?
Under this pattern, at least some fuel tank steam transported through extraction adsorption tanks 322 by ventilation duct 27 before being discharged
With HC catcher 310 being held within.Equally, fuel tank can be communicated to hydrocarbon retaining system.
Pattern C:HC catcher and/or adsorption tanks extraction
During selecting electromotor and/or vehicle working condition, controller 12 can open valve 24 and 326, and closes valve closing 314
With 318.It addition, valve 332 can be the size being opened into control, so suck fresh air with extraction by ventilation duct 27
HC catcher 310 also extracts adsorption tanks 322 by 330 and valve 332 to engine aspirating system 23.In this pattern
Under, the fuel vapo(u)r from adsorption tanks and/or the extraction of HC catcher can burn, at emission control system in electromotor
The final vacuum of reason is transferred in air by pipeline 35.
In alternate embodiment, except sucking the fresh air Hydrocarbon with extraction storage, this system via ventilation duct 27
Additionally or alternatively aerofluxus can be sent to ventilation duct so that the aerofluxus of heating is to heat hydrocarbon holding system preferably
The Hydrocarbon of extraction storage.Such operation, such as cold ambient temperature can be used during particular case.Additionally,
Under certain situation, system specially can transmit aerofluxus in the longer time during memory module and keep system with Heating hydrocarbon thing
System is to higher temperature, thus improves follow-up extraction operating.In one example, before extraction operating, aerofluxus can be transmitted
To hydrocarbon retaining system (even during non-starting condition) to increase temperature and to improve follow-up extraction efficiency.Work as carbon
When hydrogen compound keeps system to descend below threshold value, maybe can use this operating when reducing extraction machine and there will be.
It is to be noted that the configuration in Fig. 3 make the gas flowing through HC catcher 310 be sent back to discharge duct 35 and
Discharge exhaustor.Therefore, by using the valve 318 allowing exhaust stream to be back to exhaustor (or being sent to exhaustor position)
(it can be low temperature, low cost valve compared to other air bleeding valves in system) can realize multiple advantage.Such as, this configuration
Allow enough air-flows aerofluxus need not be sent other position outside exhaustor during cold start trapping operating.This
Outward, by providing independent port to be used for extracting air flow inlet, can inject, from being susceptible to water, the position suction extraction sky affected
Gas.
It addition, when aerofluxus sends back gas extraction system as shown in Figure 3, HC catcher can be located at the upstream of acoustic filter,
Thus reduce the acoustic filter leakage impact on exhaust system performance.
Fig. 4 shows the second embodiment 400 of hydrocarbon retaining system 22.In this configuration, valve 24 includes
Transmitted by pipeline 35 and be vented in air or to the flow divider in pipeline 412.Fig. 4 shows and is parallel to discharge duct 35
It is arranged on the HC catcher 410 in the downstream of emission control system 70.Pipeline 412 is connected to the upstream of valve 24 and includes
HC catcher 410.
Additionally, HC catcher 410 can be fluidly coupled to extract adsorption tanks 422 via passage 424 and valve 426.Extraction is inhaled
Attached tank 422 is configurable to collect steam, such as via the pipeline 428 leading to fuel tank 20 from fuel system.Extraction is inhaled
Attached tank 422 also can be fluidly coupled to engine aspirating system via pipeline 430 and valve 432.Hydrocarbon retaining system
22 may also comprise the first pressure transducer 436 and the second pressure transducer 438 being connected to pipeline 424.It addition, HC catches
Storage temperature sensor 440 may be connected directly to HC catcher.
Schematically showing as in Fig. 4, ventilation duct 27 and the thermal coupling of at least some of pipeline 35 are so that heat shifts betwixt.
In one example, ventilation duct 27 can at least some of pipeline of spatial neighbor 35.
The hydrocarbon retaining system of Fig. 4 can be transported by the selective control of multiple valves in a plurality of modes by controller
Turn.Such as, following operation mode can be performed:
Mode A: exhaust hydrocarbon stores
During selecting electromotor and/or vehicle working condition, controller 12 adjustable valve 24 with by bypassing exhaust to pipeline 412,
And close valve closing 432 and 426.The electromotor that example operating mode is included in before emission control system has reached initiation temperature is cold
Starting operation.Under this scheme, from electromotor 10 aerofluxus leave via ventilation duct 27 to transmitting before air logical
Cross HC catcher 410, simultaneously extraction adsorption tanks 422 and aerofluxus and hydrocarbon retaining system isolation.
Mode B: fuel vapo(u)r stores
During selecting electromotor and/or vehicle working condition, controller 12 adjustable valve 24 to direct exhaust gas through pipeline 35,
And hydrocarbon trap 410 is isolated with aerofluxus.It addition, controller can open valve 426, and close valve closing 432.
Under this scheme, at least some fuel tank steam transported through extraction adsorption tanks 422 by ventilation duct 27 before being discharged
With HC catcher 410 being held within.
Pattern C:HC catcher and/or adsorption tanks extraction
During selecting electromotor and/or vehicle working condition, controller 12 adjustable valve 24 passes through pipeline 35 to guide aerofluxus,
And hydrocarbon trap 410 is isolated with aerofluxus.It addition, controller can open valve 426, and controllably open
Open valve 432 and extract HC catcher 410 and extract adsorption tanks 422 by 430 sucking fresh air by ventilation duct 27
With in valve 432 to engine aspirating system 23.Under this scheme, from the extraction of adsorption tanks and/or HC catcher
Fuel vapo(u)r can burn in electromotor, and aerofluxus simultaneously is transferred into by pipeline 35 after being discharged control device and processing
In air.As addressed above, heat is transferred to the fresh air in suction ventilation pipe 27.In some instances, heat
Can be transferred by the alternative form of conduction, convection current, forced convertion, combination thereon or heat transfer.So, warm up when system
When machine is to operating temperature, warm air can improve the nytron being stored in HC catcher 410 and/or extraction adsorption tanks 422
The release of thing.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of the 3rd embodiment of hydrocarbon retaining system 22.This embodiment is similar to Fig. 3
In embodiment, except HC catcher 510 includes two pieces of bricks 520, and be configured to making exhausting sequence by brick,
But paralleling abstracting they.Specifically, the system of Fig. 5 includes being arranged on emission control system 70 parallel with discharge duct 35
The HC catcher 510 in downstream.Discharge duct valve 24 (can be air throttle in this example) be positioned at discharge duct for
During first mode, stop exhaust stream, and allow aerofluxus to pass through during the second pattern.By-pass line 512 row of being connected to
The upstream and downstream of feed channel valve 24.Additionally, by-pass line 512 includes the first bypass valve 516, HC catcher 510 and
Second bypass valve 518.By-pass line 512 is also connected to ventilation duct 27 via two parallel channels 534 and valve 538.
Additionally, HC catcher 510 can be fluidly coupled to extract adsorption tanks 522 via passage 524.Extraction adsorption tanks 522
It is configurable to collect steam, such as via the pipeline 528 leading to fuel tank 20 (not shown) from fuel system.Extraction is inhaled
Attached tank 522 also can be fluidly coupled to engine aspirating system via pipeline 530 and valve 532.
The hydrocarbon retaining system of Fig. 5 is operated by the selective control of multiple valve in a plurality of modes by controller.
Such as, following operation mode can be performed:
Mode A: exhaust hydrocarbon stores
During selecting electromotor and/or vehicle working condition, controller 12 can close valve closing 24 and 538, and opens valve 516
With 518.It addition, valve 532 cuts out.Example operating mode is included in starting before emission control system has reached initiation temperature
Machine cold start operates.Under this scheme, the aerofluxus from electromotor 10 transmits to before air leaving via pipeline 35
By HC catcher 510 (order is by brick 520a and then 520b), inhale simultaneously because air-flow props up valve 532 extraction
Attached tank 522 is effectively isolated with aerofluxus.
Mode B: fuel vapo(u)r stores
During selecting electromotor and/or vehicle working condition, controller 12 can open valve 24,526 and 538, and closes
Valve 516 and 518.Valve 532 also can cut out.Therefore aerofluxus is isolated with adsorption tanks 522 and HC catcher 510.At this
Under pattern, at least some fuel tank steam transported through extraction adsorption tanks before being discharged by valve 538 and ventilation duct 27
522 and HC catchers 510 are also held within.Especially, first fuel vapo(u)r was transmitted before being discharged by ventilation duct 27
By adsorption tanks 522 and subsequently the most respectively by brick 520a and 520b.So, due to aerofluxus and fuel tank steam extremely
Few different flow directions from brick 510a, fuel tank steam can store with variable concentrations at the diverse location of catcher.
Pattern C:HC catcher and/or adsorption tanks extraction
During selecting electromotor and/or vehicle working condition, controller 12 can open valve 24 and 538, and closes valve closing 516
With 518.It addition, valve 532 can be the size being opened into control, so suck fresh air with extraction by ventilation duct 27
HC catcher 510 also extracts adsorption tanks 522 by 530 and valve 532 to engine aspirating system 23.In this pattern
Under, the fuel vapo(u)r from adsorption tanks and/or the extraction of HC catcher can burn, at emission control system in electromotor
The final vacuum of reason is transferred in air by pipeline 35.Also, in the air-flow contrary with the Mode B in Fig. 5 moves,
Fresh air was sent to brick 520a and 520b before being combined and transporting through extraction adsorption tanks 522 concurrently.So,
Steam extraction the direction contrary with the fuel tank steam being stored in whole brick and be stored at least one brick (520a)
The direction that interior exhaust hydrocarbon is contrary occurs.
This difference storage utilizing sequential storage and paralleling abstracting and draw-off direction can improve storage and release, thus increase
Add the efficiency of electromotor and exhaust system.
Fig. 6 shows other details of the example of the 3rd embodiment of Fig. 5.Correspondingly mark like.In this example
In son, valve 24,518 and 516 is vacuum driving air throttle.HC catcher includes two pieces of bricks of active charcoal ball 612
520a, 520b.Vacuum governor 614 is connected to valve 24,516 and 518, as long as and being configurable to valve 518 and 516
Just closing valve closing 24 for opening, vice versa.In one example, vacuum governor 614 can drive by controller 12 is electronic
Dynamic.
With continued reference to Fig. 6, the first pressure transducer 540 and the second pressure transducer 542 are connected to the import of HC catcher
616 and outlet 618.OBD (OBD) sensor 620 can be connected to the first brick and the second brick 520a, 520b
Between.OBD sensor can measure the gas pressure in HC catcher, composition or combination thereon.
In this example, after HC catcher 510 can be located at final catalyst but before acoustic filter.Additionally, from
The length of discharge duct 35 can be more than 12 inches to be reduced to 100 DEG C to allow to use plastic section by delivery temperature from 800 DEG C
Part.Additionally, carbon can be operated further to reduce noise when side is by the acoustic filter in discharge duct.
With continued reference to an example, the exhaust clack at inlet and outlet (616, the 618) place being positioned at adsorption tanks can be plastics also
And it is incorporated into the plastic housing of catcher/adsorption tanks.This device can include rubber gasket/O with help sealing ring around
Shell, exhaust clack can be closed or around plastics lobe due to the temperature reduced in this place." mark that the shell of device 510 can include 1.5
It is used for sensor on outlet/inlet pipe, elastic part and promotes the injection molding protuberance of valve, in cone, be used for the injection molding end of air inlet
Mouthful, in carbon-coating both sides for allowing air-flow to pass through the screen of exhaust clack of adsorption tanks and driving.The inlet valve being connected to 524 can position
Between the layer filled up.In this place, the loading and unloading of OBD sensor 620 Observable layer.In one example, if
Plastics aerofluxus flap seal, promoting valve will allow the air from air extraction case enter.Fresh air inlet at each cone from
The air inlet source in ventilation valve downstream separates.Outlet can be led to fuel tank purge system, such as order and be entered adsorption tanks or parallel
Enter.
Fig. 7 shows the 4th embodiment of hydrocarbon retaining system 22.This example is similar to Fig. 4, although on side
Different valves and pipeline configuration and two HC catchers are used in logical 712.Specifically, in this example, valve 24
Operate as flow divider to pass through in pipeline 35 to air with permission exhaust stream, or directing exhaust flow is to pipeline 714 and valve 716.
In this example, valve 716 is another flow divider, its allow at pipeline 714 and pipeline 740, or pipeline 714 and pipe
Connect between road 742.Bypass 712 respectively further comprises a HC catcher and the 2nd HC catcher 726 and 728.It addition,
Being similar to other example arrangement described above, valve 725 is shown as controlling air flow direction extraction adsorption tanks (not shown)
Or coming from adsorption tanks, it then leads to fuel tank and inlet manifold.Equally, the fuel vapo(u)r from fuel tank can be by with that
Sequentially transferring to the first and second catchers 726 and 728 of sample, and be extracted in reverse order.
In the figure 7, two catchers 726 and 728 are configured with different HC and trap characteristic.Such as, compared to catcher
728, catcher 726 can be that the activated carbon of large hole is to catch bigger HC molecule.So, at memory period, gas can
First passed through catcher 726 by transmission and subsequently by catcher 728, the HC so significantly reduced in gas divides
Sub-size.Further, since the HC molecule of storage is difficult to remove from the activated carbon of smaller hole, can be by the activated carbon of large hole
Buffering as the activated carbon of smaller hole to suppress HC molecule irretrievable sucks in smaller hole.Additionally, at higher temperature
Under less HC kind can be occurred to suck in catcher 728.Equally, from the inlet tube diameter of flow divider 716 to catcher
Can have enough sizes to provide desirable pressure during storage and extraction operating.
The configuration of Fig. 7 also can provide opposite course for the storage of catcher 726 and 728 and extraction operating.Specifically,
HC memory period in aerofluxus, aerofluxus was transported through 714 before being discharged by ventilation duct 27 by flow divider 24 and 716
And subsequently to catcher 726, and subsequently to catcher 728.During the extraction of catcher, control valve is with by fresh
Air is being pumped through catcher 726 and was transporting through ventilation duct 27, catcher 728 before air inlet pipe subsequently, and
And subsequently to catcher 726.So, can realize improving storage and the release of HC, in particular according to the different spies of catcher
Property (such as porous).Therefore, during the configuration of Fig. 7 can operate at Mode A, B and C any one.
Although catcher 726 and 728 can be HC catcher in one example, it is possible to use two activated carbon adsorption tanks.
Alternately, as mentioned above, it may include zeolite.Such as, being different from self-contained unit, adsorption tanks 726 are configurable to absorb
Propylene during cold start and the Hydrocarbon of bigger quality.Microporous activated carbon in catcher 728 absorbs less hydrocarbonization
Compound, but protected more compared with the 726 of series connection.It addition, with the vehicle exhaust from air extraction case or heat with phase
For absorbing the performance that the adverse current extraction catcher of airflow direction can further provide for improving.
Although this example shows in the configuration of Fig. 7 two catchers, can use more or less of catcher.
In an object lesson, device 726 may be included in smaller hole activated carbon adsorption tank before to catch medium to big chi
The carbon adsorption tank (large hole) of very little HC molecule.At memory period, gas first passes through catcher 726, and the most extremely
Catcher 728.Perform removal in the opposite direction.So, large hole preferably protects smaller hole and the bigger HC of minimizing to divide
Son irretrievably sucks in smaller hole.Little HC kind sucks can be more responsive to pressure in aperture medium, the most about
5MP, it can provide by making to have a certain size from the inlet tube diameter of flow divider to adsorption tanks.Similarly, increase
Temperature (such as by carrying out self-purging heat transfer under idle conditions, or by using at least some aerofluxus) is conducive to HC
The removal of kind.
It should be understood that with reference to Fig. 3 to 7, Mode A not only can operate to store up from aerofluxus at hydrocarbon holding Installed System Memory
HC, it is also possible to heat this system fully.Temperature owing to increasing can be used in more easily discharging hydrocarbonization of storage
Compound, therefore it is conducive to preparing hydrocarbon retaining system 22 for follow-up extraction operating.
Although additionally, the example of Fig. 3 to 7 showing, the combination of the exhaust hydrocarbon of fuel tank steam and storage is taken out
Taking, in alternative arrangements, these can extract respectively.Such as, via the extraction tube extraction of the extraction tube being parallel to example adsorption tanks
Example HC catcher such that it is able to extract different hydrocarbon storage systems dividually and/or independently.Such as, may be used
Extract a Hydrocarbon holding means and do not extract the second Hydrocarbon holding means.Also, in some of Fig. 3 to 7
In example arrangement, the Hydrocarbon that the fuel tank steam in extraction adsorption tanks can be faster than in HC catcher fully is extracted.
Equally, during starting extraction, known vapor volume/concentration can be used for determining the fuel vapo(u)r amount being stored in adsorption tanks,
And subsequently in the later stage (when adsorption tanks are extracted fully/empty) of extraction operating, known vapor volume/concentration can be used for
Estimate the load condition (it can produce during nearest storage operating, the most nearest cold start event) of HC catcher.
Although it addition, the storage of example display exhaust hydrocarbon of Fig. 3 to 7 and the extraction of holding system 22 are non-same
Shi Fasheng's, in alternative embodiments, the Hydrocarbon of some storages can be extracted during storing other Hydrocarbon.
By the method using system, parts and device described herein to perform figure 8 below-14, but can alternately may be used
Other suitable systems, parts and device is used to perform.
Referring now to Fig. 8, program 800 display is used for controlling electromotor operating, fuel vapo(u)r management and exhaust emissions management.
Program 800 can during warming-up (such as when electromotor or aerofluxus from ambient temperature to normal operating temperature range) fortune
Turn.
First, at 810, program determines whether electromotor starting occurs.Such as, program can determine that electromotor is the most just
From stopping.Alternatively or additionally, via engine rotation starting operation, program can determine that electromotor starts the most.
When electromotor starting occurs, program proceeds to 812, and program is estimated based on many kinds of parameters or measures emission control dress in this place
Put temperature.In one example, program can be cold based on engine down time (wet machine time), ambient temperature, electromotor
But agent temperature and air inlet gas-filling temperature determine emission control system temperature.Alternatively, or in addition, program can be based on being positioned at row
One or more exhaust gas temperature sensors in air flue 35 or exhaust manifold 48 determine emission control system temperature.Additionally, journey
Sequence can determine the temperature of emission control system based on installing to the temperature sensor of emission control system.
At 814, program determines temperature threshold based on operating mode.One is described for determining temperature threshold referring herein to Fig. 9
The method of value.Alternately, fixing temperature threshold can be used.In one example, temperature threshold is associated with catalyst and rises
Combustion temperature.It follows that program proceeds to the storage of 816 Hydrocarbon produced with the aerofluxus determining in holding system 22
Whether have begun to, without, then terminate this program.Can deposit based on the Hydrocarbon including holding system 22
Whether reserves regulate this operating more than the multiple situation of threshold value.Such as, when storage system 22 front engine operating
When period is extracted, program can start to keep the storage in system 22.It addition, when the temperature of holding system 22 is less than maximum
During storage temperature, program can start to keep the hydrocarbon storage in system 22.Additionally, as burnt based in electromotor
The fuel characteristic of fuel, such as alcohol content in fuel (wherein front engine operating during can obtain the alcohol in fuel
Content), program can start to keep the storage of the exhaust hydrocarbon in system 22.So, it is adjustable to Hydrocarbon
Terminating with the different storage characteristicss utilizing different fuel of the transmission of the aerofluxus of holding system 22.Such as, when burning relative to
During the high alcohol-content fuel of low alcohol content fuel, transmit and may persist to higher amount of storage or longer duration.Additionally, work as
When the electromotor wet machine time (such as engine/vehicle downtime) is longer than threshold quantity, program can start to keep system 22
The storage of interior Hydrocarbon.So, such as during hot exposure, electromotor starts and can guide gas and pass through gas extraction system
35 is the most other by keeping system 22.
When answer at 816 is for being, program proceeds to 818 to determine whether the temperature of emission control system 70 is less than
The threshold temperature determined at 814.If it is, program proceeds to 820 with in operating exhaust valve (such as 24)
Or multiple to guide aerofluxus by hydrocarbon retaining system 22, and especially by one or more Hydrocarbon
Catcher.Such as, depending on that system configures, the one or more exhaust valve of control system 14 scalable is to be discharged or to pass
Before delivering in air, aerofluxus it is sent to from the downstream of emission control system 70 and passes through hydrocarbon retaining system 22.
In one example, as it has been described above, operate this system at Mode A Program.Additionally, such as, depend on as herein by reference to
The operating mode that Figure 10 describes, this system can operate when spark timing lies substantially in peak torque timing, or with a certain amount of
Spark postpone operating.
It follows that at 822, program estimates the amount of the Hydrocarbon being stored in hydrocarbon retaining system 22,
The amount of the Hydrocarbon being such as stored in HC catcher 310.Program can be based on exhaust flow rate, delivery temperature, hydrocarbon
Compound keeps the temperature of system 22, engine speed and the amount of storage of other parameter estimation Hydrocarbon multiple.
At 816 answer for no or 818 at answer for being time, program proceed to 824 with operate exhaust valve with from
Emission control system 70 guides aerofluxus to be passed through hydrocarbon retaining system 22 with side and is delivered to air by pipeline 35
In.Equally, as set forth herein, aerofluxus can before being transferred into air by multiple extra emission control system and
/ or acoustic filter.In one example, during the operating at 824, program run electromotor with increase delivery temperature thus
Fully postpone ignition timing to perform after minimum ignition advance angle (MBT) timing of peak torque and in combustor
The burning of the dilutest air-fuel ratio.Additionally, operating at 824 thus may result in this system and operate the most in mode, although system
Can maybe cannot operate under Mode B and C, as further described with reference to Fig. 8.
From step 824 or 822, program proceeds to 826 to determine the carbon of the storage from hydrocarbon retaining system 22
Whether hydrogen compound should be performed extraction (such as, can system operate in mode c).At an example, Figure 11
Program display determine whether to extract example of hydrocarbon retaining system 22.Can based on various engines and
Vehicle operation parameter starts the extraction of hydrocarbon retaining system 22, including the nytron being stored in holding system 22
The amount (amount of the Hydrocarbon being such as stored in HC catcher 310) of thing, the temperature of emission control system 70, carbon
Hydrogen compound keeps the temperature of system, fuel temperature, from extraction last time, the number of times of starting, fuel characteristic (such as burn
Alcohol content in fuel) and other parameters multiple.In one example, at 826, program determines and rises in present engine
Whether dynamic period aerofluxus is transferred into hydrocarbon retaining system 22.In a specific example, along with in fuel
Alcohol content increases, and the beginning of scalable extraction is to start under high-temperature.
When answer at 826 is for being, program proceeds to 828 and passes through nytron with operating exhaust valve suction fresh air
In thing keeps system 22 and enters the air intake duct 42 of electromotor 10, it can include C movement system in mode.Subsequently,
Electromotor 10 operates to suck steam and the fuel of injection and air inlet, and within it performs burning.It follows that 830
Place, program (includes the amount of the Hydrocarbon of storage and from the feedback letter of exhaust air-fuel ratio sensor based on many kinds of parameters
Breath) estimation from hydrocarbon retaining system 22 extraction Hydrocarbon amount (its be attributable to HC catcher and
Extraction adsorption tanks in one or two).In one example, the feedback from exhaust gas oxygen sensor can be used for knowing or more
It is newly stored in the estimator of the Hydrocarbon in HC catcher to determine the deterioration of HC catcher based on this estimation.Additionally,
The air throttle of program also adjustable engine is to regulate by extraction adsorption tanks, HC catcher or the amount of the extraction gas of the two.
When the answer at 826 is no or at 830, program proceeds to 832.At 832, program determines whether
Extract the hydrocarbon vapor produced by fuel tank, if these steams are not extracted at 828, or do not exist
It is extracted fully at 828.With reference to Figure 12, one example being used to determine whether steam that fuel tank to be extracted produces is described
Program.When answer at 832 is for being, program proceeds to 834 and extracts from hydrocarbon retaining with operating exhaust valve
The steam that system is produced by fuel tank, it can include system is operated at pattern C.Otherwise, when the answer at 832 is no or
Person at 834, EP (end of program).
Although illustrating the most in fig. 8, as long as system does not operates at Mode A or C, control system also can be by system
Operate at Mode B.Alternately, mould can optionally be started based on the various working including ambient temperature, fuel temperature etc.
Formula B.
Furthermore, it is contemplated that suitable temperature, can further provide for controlling aerofluxus is sent to hydrocarbon retaining system,
And start situation by hydrocarbon retaining system extraction to engine charge to solve engine thermal.Such as, system can
Engine coolant temperature and catalyst temperature is considered, if so coolant temperature is higher than in starting to extract at start program
Thermogravimetric starts threshold value and/or catalyst temperature and starts threshold value higher than thermogravimetric, then stop to the aerofluxus of hydrocarbon retaining system
Extract and once complete electromotor starting rotation/acceleration and just start extraction.
Referring now to Fig. 9, program 900 describes and is used for determining temperature threshold, can be transferred into carbon less than this temperature threshold aerofluxus
Hydrogen compound keeps system 22.First, at 910, program determines propellant composition.In one example, program can be true
The determining alcohol of the fuel being surely stored in fuel tank 20 and/or fuel mixing.Can be based on the instruction from exhaust gas oxygen sensor
The feedback learning stoichiometry air knows determining alcohol.Alternatively or additionally, program can determine combustion based on fuel concentration sensor
The determining alcohol of material.It is to be noted that program can determine that the relative alcohol content in Fuel Petroleum, or other propellant composition multiple.
It follows that at 912, program determines fuel temperature.In one example, program can be by from being connected to fuel
The fuel temperature sensor of case 20 measures fuel temperature.Alternately, program can based on include engine coolant temperature,
The many kinds of parameters of ambient air temperature and/or other parameters multiple estimates fuel temperature.
It follows that at 914, program determines based on the fuel temperature determined at 912 and 910 respectively and composition/composition
Temperature threshold.It addition, program can determine threshold value based on extra operating mode, including the catalyst material of emission control system 70
Aging.In one example, program can increase along with the alcohol content in fuel combination and increase temperature threshold.So, may be used
Can regulate temperature range, the Hydrocarbon being transferred in hydrocarbon retaining system 22 in this temperature range aerofluxus is caught
Storage.Specifically, this operating can utilize the different storage characteristicss of catcher along with the change of the alcohol content in fuel.Example
As, along with the change fuel of alcohol content can have different absorption and/or desorption characteristics.Equally, the water in aerofluxus can affect
The temperature that hydrocarbon species storage/release occurs.Along with the change of the alcohol content of fuel, aerofluxus can produce difference
HC chain, therefore produce different storage/release characteristics.In an object lesson, along with the alcohol content in fuel increases
Owing to temperature can catch HC, therefore can be delayed by along with end or the minimizing operated under the increase Mode A of alcohol content in fuel
To higher temperature.
Referring now to Figure 10, which show during electromotor starts based on aerofluxus transmission and/or hydrocarbon retaining system
The pattern of extraction is for controlling the example procedure 1000 of air-fuel ratio.
First, at 1010, program determines that electromotor the most starts, described by 810.If it is,
Program proceeds to 1012 to determine that gas is the most just directed to hydrocarbon retaining system 22 (such as, if go out by system
Existing Mode A operating).If it is, program proceeds to 1014 to select based on engine coolant temperature and other parameters multiple
Select air-fuel ratio.It follows that at 1016, program postpones with the spark reduced or does not has fire under selected air-fuel ratio
Flower postpones operating, such as by operating with MBT timing, potentially even at emission control system (such as, in gas extraction system
Catalytic converter) temperature be substantially below its initiation temperature during.In one example, the sky selected at 1014
Combustion ratio can be initially the dilutest during starting, and after starting rotates and engine speed increases, the air-fuel of selection
Than being about stoichiometry, or slight enrichment.Alternately, (such as can deposit based on being stored in hydrocarbon holding system 22
The amount of storage Hydrocarbon in HC catcher 310) in the amount of Hydrocarbon select air-fuel ratio.Such as, along with
The amount of the Hydrocarbon being stored in hydrocarbon retaining system 22 increases, and the air-fuel ratio of burning can correspondingly regulate more
High (the most less enrichment, or more desaturation).
When answer at 1012 is no, program proceeds to 1018 to determine whether the temperature of emission control system 70 is less than
Initiation temperature.When answer at 1018 is no, the selectivity that program continues so that running engine postpones to have spark is adjusted
The stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of joint (such as, postponing substantially free of spark, unless needed for for pinking elimination, moment of torsion reduction etc.)
Burning.Alternately, when the answer of 1018 is for being, program proceeds to 1022 with running engine to have ratio 1016
Burning close to stoichiometry or slight dilute air-fuel ratio of the ignition timing retard that operating at place and/or 1020 is bigger.Otherwise,
1020, program run electromotor is to have the stoichiometric air of the selective control of spark delay late than postponing at 1022
Combustion is than burning.Such as, can be based on catalyst temperature retarded spark timing amount.
Such as another example, therefore whether system can be transferred into Hydrocarbon holding means with multiple igniting based on aerofluxus
Timing retard mode operation.Such as, pattern can include first mode and the second pattern, and aerofluxus is passed by program in the flrst mode
Deliver to hydrocarbon retaining system and in the first timing spark ignition and with the of the first electromotor/exhaust air-fuel ratio operating
At least some of period operating of one pattern, program is other by hydrocarbon retaining system and second under the second mode
At least some of period of pattern is with the second timing spark ignition more postponed than the first timing or with ratio first exhaust air-fuel
Than the second diluter electromotor/exhaust air-fuel ratio operating.In an object lesson, the second pattern is held after first mode
OK, both operates during normal engine starts, and in this case compared to the second pattern, first mode exists
Perform under the lower temperature of emission control system.Additionally, Part I period the first air-fuel ratio at first mode can be desaturation,
And can be stoichiometry or enrichment during the Part II of first mode.Alternately, first mode can start first
Machine performs during starting, and the second pattern can perform during the second electromotor starts, wherein nytron during second starts
Thing keeps system can have than hydrocarbon storage amount bigger during first starts.
It follows that advance at 1020 at 1024, program determines whether the extraction of holding system 22, including taking out
Take in the fuel tank steam of storage and the exhaust hydrocarbon of storage one or two.If it is, program proceeds to 1026
Place, in this place control system in response to the feedback regulation fuel injection amount from one or more exhaust gas oxygen sensors with maintenanceization
Learn metering combustion and know the amount of the Hydrocarbon extracted and come and/or be stored in the nytron in holding system 22
The amount of thing.It addition, program can respond the amount regulation valve position of the fresh air sucked by hydrocarbon retaining system.
Such as, when starting extraction operating, program can close air throttle to compensate extra air-flow.
In one example, electromotor can be by operating some than required air-fuel ratio (such as stoichiometry) more desaturation
Cylinder and some provide required air-fuel ratio than the cylinder of required air-fuel ratio more enrichment.Stoichiometry aerofluxus is still being provided
While air-fuel ratio, it can produce extra exothermic exhaust gas heat, and this operating can be favourable.At an example
In, the air-fuel ratio operating of this separation such as can be provided during 1016 so that increasing the heat of emission control system.This
Outward, by utilizing the HC catcher in holding system 22, such as, the residual nytron of any separating device 70 can be caught
Thing is to maintain required emission level.
Referring now to Figure 11, describe the nytron being used to determine whether that the aerofluxus extracting origin self-sustaining system 22 produces
The program of thing.In one example, the program of Figure 11 determine whether terminate fuel tank vapor storage (such as Mode B) and
Conversion is to extraction (such as pattern C).
First, at 1110, whether program determines the HC holding means of system 22, such as HC catcher or adsorption tanks
Operate to store Hydrocarbon during electromotor starts.If it is, program proceeds to 1112 to determine that system is
No at extraction fuel tank steam.If it is not, program proceeds to 1114 to determine delivery temperature (such as emission control
The temperature of device) whether higher than threshold temperature (threshold values at such as 818).Such as, can be based in fuel tank or spurt into
The alcohol content regulation threshold value of in-engine fuel.
If the answer at 1114 is yes, program proceeds to 1116 with the Hydrocarbon stored in determining holding system 22
Amount (amount of the Hydrocarbon being such as stored in HC catcher 310) whether more than threshold value.If it is, journey
Sequence proceeds to whether 1118 be about stoichiometric proportion with the air-fuel ratio burnt in determining electromotor 10.If it is, journey
Sequence proceeds to 1120 to extract holding system, such as with extraction HC catcher and/or adsorption tanks (such as running on pattern C).
In one example, can after engine start-up, or during starting condition (such as thermogravimetric plays situation) perform
The operating of Figure 11.
Referring now to Figure 12, describe and a kind of be used to determine whether to carry out extraction being produced by fuel tank of self-sustaining system 22
Hydrocarbon.In one example, the program in Figure 12 determines whether end fuel tank vapor storage (such as pattern
B) and change to extraction (such as pattern C).In one example, Figure 11 with 12 program can together with adjust, such as fire
The hydrocarbon extraction that hopper purge and aerofluxus produce occurs simultaneously.In other examples, the program of Figure 11 and 12
Can perform independently, the hydrocarbon extraction that such as fuel tank purge and aerofluxus produce occurs independently.
First, at 1210, program determines that the HC holding means (such as HC catcher or adsorption tanks) of system 22 is
No it is extracted.If it is, EP (end of program).Otherwise, program proceeds to 1212 to determine whether electromotor starts
Occur, the most described herein.If NO, program proceed to 1214 sentence regulation fuel vapo(u)r extraction there is self adaptation
Know fuel injector mistake, maf sensor mistake etc., and program proceeds to 1216 to perform to gas handling system subsequently
The extraction of fuel tank steam, as regulated at 1214.
When answer at 1212 is for being, program proceeds to 1218 to determine whether air-fuel ratio is about stoichiometry
Air-fuel ratio (sees Figure 10).If NO, owing to being difficult to the air-fuel ratio controlling occur in extraction operating, program does not starts to take out
Take, such as when using HEGO sensor.If YES, then program proceeds to 1220 to determine that current system is the most
Operate to guide aerofluxus by keeping system 22.If the answer at 1220 is yes, EP (end of program) (is extracting and is storing non-
In the case of simultaneous).Otherwise, program proceeds to 1216 and sentences and extract to the holding system of gas handling system.
Referring now to Figure 13, describe and a kind of be different from situation such as other electromotor works of engine startup operation for determining
Whether aerofluxus is sent to hydrocarbon retaining system 22 by condition (electromotor start rotate and/or vehicle travels) period
Program.The program of Figure 13 can use after electromotor starting/warm-operation, and such as those are described above.
Such as, the cylinder valve at one or more cylinders (such as modulated displacement engine (VDE) operating) shuts down
The operating that period describes with reference to Figure 13 is favourable, and the temperature of emission control system can descend below out in this case
Move or initiation temperature.In this case, the cylinder of residue activity can operate under stoichiometry or slight enrichment, and
Aerofluxus is directed to holding system 22 and is used for storing the superfluous Hydrocarbon of the emission control system leaving cooling.Additionally,
During DECEL ENLEAN (DFSO) operates or after restarting DFSO cylinder, it is favourable, the most very
Many fresh oxygen rich gas are stored in emission control system, thus reduce the catalytic reaction of the discharge from electromotor and its
Temperature.When restarting burning after DFSO, this can be particularly advantageous, is restarting period in this case
Air-fuel ratio can fully enrichment to reduce the oxygen of storage and the oxygen storage state needed for re-establishing catalyst.Figure
The operating of 13 also can be in the too high situation of catalyst temperature (such as when the maximum temperature that catalyst temperature is allowed higher than the present situation
Degree) period use, electromotor enrichment operates to reduce catalyst temperature in this case.
In another example, during being different from engine startup operation, it is sent to the row of hydrocarbon retaining system 22
Gas can be used for Heating hydrocarbon thing and keeps system 22 for the program of follow-up extraction.Such as, once Hydrocarbon is protected
Hold system 22 fully to heat, extraction operating can be started.It is favourable when hydrocarbon retaining system 22 is less than threshold temperature
, and otherwise can cause Hydrocarbon at a slow speed and/or inefficient release and/or desorption.
Now with particular reference to Figure 13, at 1310, program determines whether electromotor starting occurs, the most as described herein.
If the answer at 1310 is yes, program proceed to 1312 sentence determine from present engine operating electromotor start carbon
Hydrogen compound keeps system 22 to be extracted and/or be stored in the Hydrocarbon in system 22 and fuel vapo(u)r
Whether estimator is less than threshold value.Such as, whether program can determine that the amount of the Hydrocarbon being stored in HC catcher 310
Less than threshold value.
If the answer at 1312 is yes, program proceeds to 1314 and sentences and determine whether the situation of selection occurs.At one
In example, the situation of selection includes when the potentiality that the Hydrocarbon breaking through emission control system 70 increases are more than threshold value.
In other examples, the situation of selection includes the DECEL ENLEAN of one or more cylinder, and/or restarts from this situation.
In another example, the situation of selection include when from electromotor exhaust air-fuel ratio for fully rich stoichiometry (such as than
Threshold value more enrichment) time.In another example, the situation of selection includes when one or more cylinders stop, such as when entering
Valve and exhaust valve remain turned-off during whole 4 stroke cycle.If the answer at 1314 is yes, program proceeds to 1316
Aerofluxus is guided by hydrocarbon retaining system 22 (such as running on Mode A) with operating exhaust valve.
So, the discharge improved can be realized, even during non-electromotor starting condition.Further, it will be appreciated that ground be
After storage operating at 1316, once operating at 1316 terminates to perform extra taking out during subsequent engine operates
Take.
In an object lesson, during being different from the situation that electromotor starts, control device higher than it at catalytic emissions
In the case of initiation temperature, when the temperature of hydrocarbon retaining system is less than threshold value, program is transmittable is vented to nytron
Thing keeps system, transmission to continue until hydrocarbon retaining system and reach threshold extraction temperature, and subsequently by exhaust bypass
Cross hydrocarbon retaining system to be sent in air, and extract hydrocarbon retaining system to engine aspirating system.
Mentioning as in Figure 14, control system can start the determination of the deterioration to holding system 22, in order to determines and district
Divide the deterioration between extraction adsorption tanks and HC catcher.In some instances, the extraction known is fed back from exhaust gas oxygen sensor
Hydrocarbon concentration and fuel injection regulation can provide the independence to hydrocarbon storage to estimate, such as, adsorb when fuel tank
When tank (such as 422) is in different temperature from HC catcher (such as 310).Alternately, known during extracting
The amount of Hydrocarbon can be used for determining be loaded and subsequently before fully being extracted at fuel tank steam with little to not having
There is the performance of the HC catcher of extraction during the situation that fuel tank steam produces.In another object lesson, can based on
Extract the temperature regime by detecting during the gas of catcher and change diagnosable HC catcher.Multiple showing is described below
Example and extra diagnostic method.
In following example, describe with reference to the example being connected to hydrocarbon trap based on carbon in holding system 22
Diagnosis.Additionally, describe operating in this example embodiment, in this case after start event, exhaust stream is caught by HC
Storage is transferred until emission control system is sufficiently heated and reaches required transformation efficiency.Additionally, after storing, with
Flow through HC catcher by air afterwards and return to electromotor for the Hydrocarbon extracting seizure that burns.Extraction air-flow can be with
Fuel tank produces evaporative emission carbon adsorption tank extraction serial or parallel.But, diagnosis below also apply be applicable to multiple other
System configuration and operation mode.
Following diagnosis is applicable as in functional or threshold monitoring device alternative one or all.Function monitor can determine that dress
Put and whether connect and undesirably act on, and threshold monitoring device can determine that the efficiency of emission control system.
One potential deterioration mode can include vibration and the mechanical damage causing the carbon in HC catcher, and such as carbon granules can
It is broken and wears away.Equally, if carbon granules ruptures and disappears in the HC that can reduce catcher outside exhaustor potentially
Capturing ability.If abundant carbon disappears or compacted and catcher volume does not refills, some aerofluxuss mistake capable of bypass
Carbon-coating and tailpipe emissions can increase.Therefore, a method is to use the monitor such as threshold value prison of detection carbon Volume Loss
Visual organ.
In first method, control system can be in the temperature of the outlet catching and measuring during extraction HC catcher.At cold
After Dong, the temperature in exit can increase along with gas extraction system heating.This instruction system be connected to gas extraction system and for
Transfer air-flow to catcher valve the most in action.Air-flow be allowed to other by catcher after, temperature should be stablized, and refers to
Show that valve the most correctly circulates.Continuing to increase of temperature may indicate that catcher is still exposed to aerofluxus.During extraction circulation,
Decline in temperature should suck catcher along with fresh air.
In the second approach, catching or during extraction, the pressure reduction at carbon-coating two ends of HC catcher can measured as due to carbon
The air-flow caused limits the instruction occurred.For certain air velocity, the loss of carbon can cause the reduction of pressure reduction.One or
Multiple pressure transducers may be installed upstream and/or the downstream of HC catcher.
In third method, fuel vapo(u)r/hydrocarbon sensor can be used.Such as, any bad due in catcher
Changing and may result in the HC increase breaking through ventilation duct 27, the HC sensor in trap outlet can directly be measured during catching and catch
The effect of storage.The total amount of fuel of consumption is played and due to catalysis as speed/load/spark delay/temperature and/or self-starting
Some exhaust concentration of function and the model of composition that desired pre-captured HC that agent ignition causes reduces can be used for improvement threshold
The ability of monitor.Alternately, the empirical model of the desired HC leaving catcher can be used.
In fourth method, it is arranged in the temperature sensor before and after HC catcher and is catching (such as due to absorption)
With extraction (such as desorption) can provide temperature difference instruction during the stage.The temperature difference also can be by carbon-coating (mainly water and HC)
The percentage ratio impact of the air-flow of upper absorption or desorption.In other examples, can use and the temperature of value deviation that is desired or that estimate
Degree.Using in the example of HC catcher in the gas extraction system with the temperature sensor being positioned at downstream, system is available to be pushed away
The disconnected delivery temperature at trap outlet is to generate the temperature difference between deduction temperature and the actual temperature at trap outlet.
System can diagnose adsorption function based on this temperature difference subsequently.Additionally, due to the potential error in Temperature estimate, variations in temperature
Confirmation can based on the initial temperature detected by temperature sensor, and subsequently select situation during (such as store or extract)
Consider that the temperature comparing measurement rises and the temperature rising estimated.It is in some instances with noting also that, under choice situation
Exhaust air-fuel ratio sensor can operate as temperature sensor.
In the 5th method, the position measurements of HC catcher can be used.Specifically, in order to reduce vibration hazard catcher
And/or the carbon in adsorption tanks, device can include that floating end plate and one or more spring are to maintain the pressure of certain level on carbon
Power.Although if taking these measure carbon still to deteriorate, the reduction of volume can result in the change of end plate position and spring should
Power reduce.The method of multiple detection movement can be used for identifying carbon loss.In one example, these can include that position passes
If sensor, the fine rule plate that can rupture when spring extends move can open contact, measure spring force sensor or
The strain gauge similar device being built in spring.
In the 6th method, the probe of measurement carbon-coating electrical conductivity can be used for offer can be along with the loss of spring pressure or carbon volume
Reduction and the impedance measurements that increases.If fixing carbon-coating enough provides the bypass path for aerofluxus, it is applied to absorption
The impedance between two contact surfaces on the top of tank can show bigger increase.In one example, in the situation phase selected
Between (such as during warming-up or after warming-up) electrical conductivity can be measured.
It is to be noted that the example being included in this paper controls and estimation program can configure with various engines and/or Vehicular system and make
With.Specific procedure described herein can represent any amount process strategy (such as event-driven, interrupt driving, multitask,
Multithreading etc.) in one or more.As such, it is possible to various actions in the order illustrated or illustrated by Parallel Implementation,
Operating or function, or omitted.Equally, the order of process the most not reaches enforcement described herein
Necessary to example, and simply to illustrate that and describe convenience.Although not clearly stating, can according to the specific strategy used,
The repeatable behavior realizing one or more explanation or function.Additionally, these accompanying drawing image conversions illustrate and are programmed into electromotor control
The coding of the computer-readable recording medium in system processed.
It will be appreciated that configuration disclosed herein and program are actually exemplary, and these specific embodiments are not to be considered in limit
System, because there may be various deformation.Such as, above-mentioned technology can be applicable to V-6, I-4, I-6, V-12, opposed 4 cylinders,
With other engine types.The purport of the present invention include all multiple systems and configuration and further feature, function and/or this
The novelty of the disclosed character in place and non-obvious combination and sub-portfolio.
It is considered as novel combining with secondary with non-obvious combination that claims hereof particularly points out some.
These claim can refer to as " one " element or " first " element or its equivalent.These claim are it should be recognized that be
Including the combination of one or more this elements, the most neither requiring nor excluding two or more this elements.Disclosed in announcement
Other combinations of feature, function, element and/or characteristic and secondary combination can be by revising existing claim or by this
Or association request proposes new claim advocated.These claim, wider compared with original claim scope
, narrower, identical or differ, be recognized as being included in present subject matter.
Claims (9)
1. operating has the method for electromotor for gas handling system, gas extraction system and hydrocarbon retaining system, described
Method comprises:
During warm condition, make electromotor exhausting sequence transport through two pieces in a hydrocarbon trap
Brick is to store exhaust hydrocarbon, and wherein said hydrocarbon trap is included in hydrocarbon retaining system；
After warm condition, suck fresh air and concurrently with institute by being positioned at the ventilation duct of described two pieces of brick upstreams
State the fresh air Hydrocarbon that is stored in described two pieces of bricks of extraction described hydrocarbon to being connected between described two pieces of bricks
In the pipeline of compound catcher；
After extracting, and when selecting to continue to rotate when electromotor during operating mode, again by the aerofluxus transmission of electromotor
To described hydrocarbon retaining system；And
During selecting operating mode, the steam that fuel tank produces is sent to described hydrocarbon retaining system, wherein said
First fuel vapour transported through adsorption tanks before draining into air by described ventilation duct and passes through institute respectively parallel subsequently
State two pieces of bricks.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described electromotor performs burning when it continues and rotates.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described selection operating mode is included in the operating of rich exhaust air-fuel ratio
Period.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described selection operating mode includes cylinder valve stop conditions.
5. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described selection operating mode includes fuel cut-off situation.
6. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that select operating mode to include the too high situation of catalyst temperature.
7. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described selection operating mode includes when catalytic emissions controls device
At a temperature of when being reduced to threshold value.
8. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that during warm condition, described electromotor is turned round with maximum
The minimum advance angle MBT ignition timing of square performs burning, even if when the temperature of emission control system is less than initiation temperature.
9. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described Hydrocarbon is drawn into described electromotor
Gas handling system in.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/147,263 | 2008-06-26 | ||
| US12/147,263 US8333063B2 (en) | 2007-11-12 | 2008-06-26 | Hydrocarbon retaining system and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101614166A CN101614166A (en) | 2009-12-30 |
| CN101614166B true CN101614166B (en) | 2016-12-14 |
Family
ID=
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| US5524433A (en) * | 1994-12-27 | 1996-06-11 | Ford Motor Company | Methods and apparatus for monitoring the performance of hydrocarbon engine emission trapping devices |
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| US6164065A (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2000-12-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | After treatment system for a variable displacement engine |
| US6334431B1 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2002-01-01 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Ignition timing control system for internal combustion engine |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5207734A (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1993-05-04 | Corning Incorporated | Engine exhaust system for reduction of hydrocarbon emissions |
| US5524433A (en) * | 1994-12-27 | 1996-06-11 | Ford Motor Company | Methods and apparatus for monitoring the performance of hydrocarbon engine emission trapping devices |
| US5956947A (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1999-09-28 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas purifying method and apparatus for internal combustion engine |
| US6334431B1 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2002-01-01 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Ignition timing control system for internal combustion engine |
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