CN101613165A - Control method of bromate in bottled drinking water - Google Patents
Control method of bromate in bottled drinking water Download PDFInfo
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- CN101613165A CN101613165A CN200910041255A CN200910041255A CN101613165A CN 101613165 A CN101613165 A CN 101613165A CN 200910041255 A CN200910041255 A CN 200910041255A CN 200910041255 A CN200910041255 A CN 200910041255A CN 101613165 A CN101613165 A CN 101613165A
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of comprehensively, control method of bromate in bottled drinking water efficiently.The inventive method is by gac (GAC) adsorption technology, UV radiotechnology, CO
2Add technology and multiple spot ozone and add the technological synthesis composition.The type selecting of GAC, UV yield of radiation, add CO
2Amount, selection that multiple spot ozone adds use and combination, and they all have material impact to the control of bromate in operating stability of technology and operability, so the integrated GAC absorption of the present invention, UV radiation, multiple spot ozone add, add CO
2Each technology and be combined into the control method of bromate of effective operational path, can control bromate most effectively, and reach high-level efficiency, effect cheaply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of chemistry and chemical engineering, relate in particular to control method of bromate in bottled drinking water.
Technical background
Current, ozone disinfecting technology is because of its noresidue and labile characteristics, and the application in bottled drinking water is produced is increasingly extensive.But when containing bromide in the former water, ozonization can produce the disinfection byproduct (DBP) bromate.International cancer research institution is decided to be 2B level potential carcinogen, the genetoxic with certain DNA and karyomit(e) level to bromate.The bromate limit value is 10 μ g/L in the natural mineral water standard that EPA drinking water standard, World Health Organization's water quality standard for drinking water, European Union's drinking-water quality instruction and China's drinking water sanitary standard, in October, 2009 are about to implement.The investigation result of bromate content in the tap water is shown all there is the bromate problem that exceeds standard in domestic and international many regional tap water.
Existing research generally believes, when adopting ozone that tap water is carried out disinfection, if the concentration very low (less than 20 μ g/L) of bromide, generally can not form bromate, but the concentration of bromide might form bromate when 50 to 100 μ g/L, just can form the bromate of higher concentration during greater than 100 μ g/L.But the back statistics is detected to 29 the enterprise's former water bromide anion content and the finished product water bromate content of in June, 2008-2009 year external censorship in January in the Guangdong Microbes Inst, find that former water bromide ion concentration is lower than have 18 of 20 μ g/L, account for 62.07%, have only one greater than 50 μ g/L accounts for 3.45%; Have 19 and finished product water bromate surpasses 10 μ g/L, disqualification rate is 70.37%; Therefore former water bromide ion concentration is lower than 50 μ g/L, even is lower than 20 μ g/L but the bromate amount phenomenon ubiquity that exceeds standard in the ozone oxidation process.Mostly adopt the conventional processes of filtration with manganese sand, activated carbon filtration, smart filter, ultrafiltration, ozone oxidation, can in the mineral water production, in order to reach sterilisation purpose, often utilize high ozone concn and long ozone contact time, thereby aggravated the generation of bromate and the problem that exceeds standard.
The control method of bromate that adopts in the tap water production both at home and abroad has following several at present:
(1) ammonification: Von Gunten thinks that the ammonia that adds in the entry can react with the intermediate hypobromous acid (HOBr) that the formation to bromate plays a decisive role, and generates bromo-amine, thereby has reduced final bromate growing amount.(2) permanganate combined oxidation: adopt the mode of permanganate and ozone combined oxidation, bring into play the mutual supplement with each other's advantages effect between two kinds of oxygenants, can reduce the generation of bromate to a certain extent, different ozone concns can reach the range of decrease about 20% down.(3) add iron (Fe (II)): add ferrous sulfate and bromate can be reduced into bromide anion.(4) reduce the pH value: reducing the pH value is the effective ways that the control bromate generates.Reduce the pH value balance of HOBr/BrO-is moved to HOBr, reduced the intermediate B rO that generates bromate
-Amount, thus the bromate amount of generation is reduced.Researcher Amy Driedger think when the pH value when 8.0 reduce to 6.0, the growing amount of bromate can reduce 50%.(5) optimize the ozone dosing method: when the ozone dosage is identical, the quantity that increase ozone adds a little can reduce the bromate growing amount greatly, this be because the multi-point adding mode shortened ozone average contact time, reduced the mean concns of residual ozone in the water, thereby reduced the possibility that ozone and bromide anion react.(6) UV radiation: the low pressure mercury lamp with 255 wavelength carries out UV rayed bromate solution, can be reduced to hypobromous acid (HOBr) to bromate earlier, finally is reduced to bromide anion.(7) activated carbon technology: the absorbing and reducing effect of gac has good action effect for the removal of bromate.Its principle is that most of bromate is reduced to bromide anion by the reaction with gac, thereby reduces bromate content.
Because the bottled drinking water production technique is different from tap water, so some is used in the control method of bromate and the inapplicable bottled drinking water of tap water.Ammonia produces irritating smell and permanganate combined oxidation and adds the color that iron (Fe (II)) is produced during as ammonification, and the utilization of these technology in bottled drinking water production is restricted.
In the bromate in bottled drinking water control process, producer often uses for reference the treatment process of tap water owing to the restriction of conditions such as technical study, certain technology of single employing, but be difficult to satisfy the requirement of national standard to bromate.We research and with the actual contact of producer in find, adding carbonic acid gas reduces pH value control bromate and is not suitable for all water quality, for the water quality of some high basicity, adopt the method that reduces the pH value can not control bromate, and increased production cost; Because the water quality difference, organic character and concentration difference are bigger in the water, increase ozone and add number of spots to the degree that reduces the bromate growing amount also difference to some extent; When adopting the UV radiation to remove bromate, needed amount is bigger than the needed amount of sterilization, and the effect of UV radiation in removing bromate is very complicated, and the bromate amount of generation is increased; And effect and the effect of different gac (GAC) in the control bromate is also different.Therefore, in the bromate in bottled drinking water control process, need water quality practical situation according to the different manufacturers source water, on a series of researchs basis of lab scale and pilot scale, set up reasonable, feasible bromate control techniques, technology and relevant device, in bromate in bottled drinking water control, have important application prospects.
The present invention is directed to the advantage, the shortcoming and defect that exist in the above-mentioned control method of bromate, practical situation in conjunction with different quality and manufacturer, gac, multiple spot ozone are added, the UV radiation, add technology such as carbonic acid gas and carry out the incompatible processing of optimal set and contain the bromide bottled drinking water, set up its effective control method of bromate, form feasible bromate Controlling System, reach the purpose of bromate in the control bottled drinking water.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of comprehensively, control method of bromate in bottled drinking water efficiently.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
The inventive method is by gac (GAC) adsorption technology, UV radiotechnology, CO
2Add technology and multiple spot ozone and add the technological synthesis composition.Each technical essential of the present invention is described in detail as follows:
1, gac (GAC) adsorption technology
Bromate content can carry out from growing amount that reduces bromate and bromate amount two aspects that reduction has generated in the control bottled drinking water.And bromide anion and bromate are handled back content through GAC and all can be reduced in the water, therefore can utilize GAC to remove the characteristic of bromide anion and bromate, select to remove bromide anion type GAC and remove bromate type GAC and carry out bromate and control.
(1) type selecting of the GAC of removal bromide anion
According to the GAC iodine sorption value and to the difference of bromide anion adsorptivity in the water, at different quality, select GAC by lab scale and pilot scale to bromide anion removal effect the best, as I type GAC, it is contacted with the former water that contains bromide anion, bromide anion content in the former water is reduced as far as possible, thus bromate growing amount in the control water; I type GAC iodine sorption value of the present invention is greater than 800mg/g, and the bromide anion clearance is greater than 60% in the lab scale, and the bromide anion clearance is more than 10% in the pilot scale.
(2) type selecting of the GAC of removal bromate
According to the GAC iodine sorption value and to the characterization of adsorption of bromate in the water, at different quality, select GAC by lab scale and pilot scale to bromate removal effect the best, as II type GAC, the bromate that generates after the ozone in waterization is reduced to bromide anion, thereby reduces the content of the bromate that has generated in the water.According to II type GAC in the Static Adsorption test adsorption rate and the adsorption isothermal line of bromate are determined loading capacity and the rate of adsorption of GAC to bromate, with result of use and the work-ing life of estimation GAC.II type GAC iodine sorption value of the present invention is greater than 800mg/g, to the loading capacity of bromate greater than 150 μ g/g; The bromate clearance is greater than 95% in the lab scale, and the bromate of content below 35 μ g/L reduced to below the 10 μ g/L (not to be had greater than 35 μ g/L bromates in the pilot scale and generate); If per hour handle 2 tons of the water yields, move 10 hours every day, 170 kilograms of GAC are housed in the GAC jar, when bromate content in the water was 35 μ g/L, this GAC life-span was about 36 days; When bromate content in the water was 20 μ g/L, this GAC life-span was about 63 days.
Among the present invention, can select to use the dissimilar GAC that filters out according to above-mentioned steps according to actual needs, for example I type GAC or II type GAC.
2, UV (ultraviolet ray) radiation and multiple spot ozone add technology
When utilizing GAC absorption to reduce in the former water in the bromide anion and finished product water bromate, carry out UV radiation and multiple spot ozone and add and carry out bromate control.The UV radiating uses the consumption that can reduce ozone, and multiple spot ozone adds also to have reduced and reaches the required ozone amount of identical sterilisation purpose, all helps reducing the generation of bromate.
3, CO
2Add
In ozonize forward direction bromine ion-containing water, add CO
2, can reduce the pH value of water, make hypobromous acid in the water/hypobromous acid root (HOBr/BrO
-) balance move to hypobromous acid (HOBr), reduced the intermediate hypobromous acid root (BrO that generates bromate
-) measure, help reducing the bromate amount of generation.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical essential, the present invention can form following several operational paths:
1, A-1 I type GAC absorption+UV radiation+multiple spot ozone adds technology
This technology adds technological synthesis by GAC adsorption technology, UV radiotechnology and multiple spot ozone and forms.According to the I type GAC absorption of selecting bromide anion is well removed, reduced bromide anion content in the former water, thereby reduce the bromate amount that generates in the former water-ozone process of bromine ion-containing.Carry out UV radiation and multiple spot ozone simultaneously and add water is carried out bromate control, the UV radiating uses the consumption that can reduce ozone, and multiple spot ozone adds also to have reduced and reaches the required ozone amount of identical sterilisation purpose, all helps reducing the generation of bromate.
2, on the basis of technology A-1, can further form following technology A-2:I type GAC absorption+UV radiation+multiple spot ozone and add technology+II type GAC absorption+UV radiation process
This technology is come by technology A-1 development.Former water is after technology A-1 art breading, if the still substandard requirement of bromate amount in the finished product water needs the bromate that has generated is further removed, promptly increases II type GAC absorption to reduce bromate content on invention A-1 technology basis.Owing to may form microbial film in the II type GAC use, cause in the water microorganism problem that exceeds standard, therefore after using II type GAC, utilize the UV radiation to carry out the sterilization once more of tap water.
3, B-1 I type GAC absorption+UV radiation+CO
2Add+multiple spot ozone adds technology
This technology by GAC adsorption technology, UV radiotechnology, add CO
2Technology and multiple spot ozone add technological synthesis and form.According to the I type GAC absorption of selecting bromide anion is well removed, reduced bromide anion content in the former water, thereby reduce the bromate amount that generates in the former water-ozone process of bromine ion-containing.Carry out UV radiation and multiple spot ozone simultaneously and add water is carried out bromate control, the UV radiating uses the consumption that can reduce ozone, and multiple spot ozone adds also to have reduced and reaches the required ozone amount of identical sterilisation purpose; And CO
2Add the pH value that has reduced water, make hypobromous acid in the water/hypobromous acid root (HOBr/BrO
-) balance move to hypobromous acid (HOBr), reduced the intermediate hypobromous acid root (BrO that generates bromate
-) measure, all help reducing the bromate amount of generation.
4, B-2 can further form following technology B-2:I type GAC absorption+UV radiation+CO on the basis of technology B-1
2Add+multiple spot ozone adds technology+II type GAC absorption+UV radiation process
This technology is come by technology B-1 development.Former water is after technology B-1 art breading, if the still substandard requirement of bromate amount in the finished product water needs the bromate that has generated is further removed, promptly increases invention 1.2 selected II type GAC and adsorb to reduce bromate content on B-1 technology basis.Owing to may form microbial film in the II type GAC use, cause in the water microorganism problem that exceeds standard, therefore after using II type GAC, utilize the UV radiation to carry out the sterilization once more of tap water.
Innovation part of the present invention is: multiple water quality is being carried out on the Investigational basis, according to bromide anion content, pH, HCO in the water
3 -Etc. the water quality situation, at different quality, on the lab scale and pilot scale basis of finishing bromate control, select suitable bromate CONTROL PROCESS to carry out practical application, can reduce and remove the bromate in the water effectively.And in control method of bromate, the type selecting of GAC, UV yield of radiation, add CO
2Amount, selection that multiple spot ozone adds use and combination, and they all have material impact to the control of bromate in operating stability of technology and operability, therefore integrated GAC absorption, UV radiation, multiple spot ozone add, add CO
2Each technology and be combined into the control method of bromate of effective operational path, can control bromate most effectively, and reach high-level efficiency, effect cheaply.
Control method of bromate provided by the invention is divided into A series and two operational paths of B series.Article two, the technical essential of operational path is identical, selects for use according to practical situation and needs.Integrated UV radiation of A series of processes route and multiple spot ozone add; The integrated UV radiation of B series of processes route, CO
2Add, multiple spot ozone adds.Per hour handle the water yield in described pilot scale and the practical application and be respectively 2 tons and 30 tons; Bromide anion content is 25.99 μ g/L-110 μ g/L in the former water; The CO that adds
2Amount is less than 6L/min; Ozone can adopt or 4 point types to add at 3; Ozone concn can be controlled the ozone oxidation condition of bottled drinking water well between 0.1mg/L-1.2mg/L, reduced the growing amount of bromate effectively.
The processing water yield described in the control method of bromate pilot scale that the present invention sets up is per hour 2 tons; The high 1.2m of GAC in the activated charcoal filter, empty bench grafting touch the time that (Empty Bed Contact Time EBCT) is 10min; The UV yield of radiation is 100psi; The CO that adds
2Amount is less than 6L/min, CO
2Duration of contact, 7min added CO
2Back pH<6.5; Ozone can adopt or 4 point types to add at 3, and it is 7min that 4 point types add the ozone oxidation time.The present invention can select the bromate CONTROL PROCESS according to water quality, thereby controls the bromate in the different quality effectively, makes bromate content in the finished product water be lower than the national standard of 10 μ g/L.
Embodiment
For further understanding technical characterictic of the present invention and content, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
The type selecting of embodiment 1 gac (GAC)
Measure the iodine sorption value of 16 kinds of GAC, (iodine sorption value is respectively: GAC to have selected four kinds of representative GAC
1Be 832.96mg/g, GAC
2Be 836.65mg/g, GAC
3Be 648.42mg/g, GAC
4Be 145.18mg/g) carry out next step and remove bromide anion and bromate test, find the iodine sorption value of gac and bromate clearance utmost point significant correlation (r=0.842**, P=0.009), uncorrelated with the clearance of bromide anion (r=0.182, P=0.665).
GAC compares the effective of mineral water to the removal of bromate and bromide anion to the effect of pure water; GAC wherein
1All more than 99%, but bromide anion then increases, and the bromate reduction may take place on it to bromate clearance in pure water and the mineral water; GAC
2Bromate in the mineral water and bromide anion clearance are respectively 73.92% and 88.14%, bromate in the pure water and bromide anion clearance are respectively 96.58% and 98.45%, GAC
2Can both remove bromate and bromide anion, but to the mineral water effect not as to the effect of pure water; GAC
3, GAC
4Undesirable to bromate and bromide anion effect.Therefore, for the present embodiment mineral water, select GAC
1As the II type GAC that removes bromate, GAC
2As the I type GAC that removes bromide anion.
To GAC
1And GAC
2Carry out bromate Static Adsorption test, by the adsorption isothermal line of two kinds of GAC and adsorption rate as can be seen, for the national standard that reaches 10 μ g/L, GAC
1Loading capacity q value be 172.425 μ g/g, GAC
2Loading capacity q value be 155.203 μ g/g.Two kinds of GAC reach adsorption equilibrium required time difference, GAC
1Better for high density bromate removal effect, and GAC
2Effective to the lower concentration bromate, high density bromate clearance is not as GAC
1
Embodiment 2 present embodiments are embodiment of A-1 operational path of the present invention
Per hour handle 2 tons of the water yields in the present embodiment, make by the method that adds bromide anion in former water that bromide ion concentration is about 30,50,70 μ g/L in the former water, present embodiment is an A-1 implementation of processes example of the present invention.At first carry out the GAC type selecting, determine that the used I type GAC of present embodiment is GAC according to embodiment 1
1, through the UV of 100psi carry out radiation, 3 point type ozone add, when ozone concn is 0.1mg/L-0.3mg/L, when ozone contact time was 5min, the former water of different concns was after the present embodiment art breading, bromate is below detectability (10 μ g/L) in the finished product water.
Embodiment 3 present embodiments are embodiment of A-1 operational path of the present invention
Present embodiment is the embodiment of A-1 technology of the present invention practical application in factory.Per hour handle 30 tons of the water yields, bromide ion concentration is about 25.99 μ g/L-40.2 μ g/L in the former water.Former water is the I type GAC jar by determining according to embodiment 1 at first, again through the UV of 100psi carry out radiation, 4 point type ozone add, as the total air flow quantity 12.5m of foul smell producer
3/ h, foul smell producer voltage is 110V, and electric current is 10A, and when finished product water pot ozone concn was 0.4mg/L-0.5mg/L, former water was after the present embodiment art breading, and bromate is all below detectability (10 μ g/L) in the finished product water.
Embodiment 4 present embodiments are B-1 implementation of processes examples of the present invention
Per hour handle 2 tons of the water yields in the present embodiment, former water bromide anion content is 46.32 μ g/L, and real present embodiment is a B-1 implementation of processes example of the present invention.Carry out the GAC type selecting according to embodiment 1, determine that the used I type GAC of present embodiment is GAC
1, former water is the I type GAC jar by determining according to embodiment 1 at first, carries out radiation through the UV of 100psi, adds CO
2Amount be 4L/min-6L/min, 3 point type ozone add, when ozone concn is 0.5mg/L-1.2mg/L, when ozone contact time was 5min, former water did not still have bromate and detects after the present embodiment art breading when ozone concn is 0.7mg/L, but when ozone concn continues to raise, although add CO
2Amount increases, and will have bromate to generate, but be no more than 10 μ g/L (as shown in table 1).
The effect that bromate is eliminated in table 1 embodiment 3 water
Embodiment 5 embodiment 4 are A-2 implementation of processes examples of the present invention
Per hour handle 2 tons of the water yields in the present embodiment, make former water bromide ion concentration be about 30,70,90,110 μ g/L by the method for adding bromide anion in former water, present embodiment is an A-2 implementation of processes example of the present invention.Select I type GAC and II type GAC according to embodiment 1, former water is 0.12mg/L-0.66mg/L through A-1 technology of the present invention at ozone concn, ozone contact time is after the ozone oxidation condition of 5min is handled, again through II type GAC absorption and UV radiation, the UV yield of radiation is 100psi, and bromate content is all below 10 μ g/L in the finished product water.
Embodiment 6 present embodiments are B-2 implementation of processes examples of the present invention
Per hour handle 2 tons of the water yields in the present embodiment, make by the method that adds bromide anion in former water that bromide ion concentration is about 100 μ g/L in the former water, present embodiment is a B-2 implementation of processes example of the present invention.Select I type GAC and II type GAC according to embodiment 1, former water is after B-1 art breading of the present invention, and through II type GAC absorption and UV radiation, the UV yield of radiation is 100psi, adds CO again
2Amount less than 6L/min, 3 point type ozone add, when ozone concn is below 0.8mg/L, when ozone contact time was 5min, former water was after the present embodiment art breading, bromate content is all below 10 μ g/L in the finished product water.
More than bromate control techniques provided by the present invention and technology are described in detail, and used specific embodiment principle of the present invention and embodiment have been set forth, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the thinking of the present invention part that may can change in implementation process in specific embodiments and applications, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of control method of bromate in bottled drinking water is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1),, selects gac by lab scale and pilot scale, as I type gac to bromide anion removal effect the best at different quality according to the activated carbon-iodine adsorptive value and to the difference of bromide anion adsorptivity in the water;
2) according to the I type charcoal absorption of selecting bromide anion is removed, reduced bromide anion content in the former water, thereby reduce the bromate amount that generates in the former water-ozone process of bromine ion-containing;
3) carry out UV radiation and multiple spot ozone simultaneously and add water is carried out disinfection, to reduce the generation of bromate.
2, a kind of control method of bromate in bottled drinking water is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) according to the activated carbon-iodine adsorptive value and to the difference of bromide anion adsorptivity in the water, at different quality, select gac by lab scale and pilot scale to bromide anion removal effect the best, as I type gac: according to the activated carbon-iodine adsorptive value and to the characterization of adsorption of bromate in the water, at different quality, select gac by lab scale and pilot scale, as II type gac to bromate removal effect the best;
2) according to the I type charcoal absorption of selecting bromide anion is removed, reduced bromide anion content in the former water, thereby reduce the bromate amount that generates in the former water-ozone process of bromine ion-containing;
3) carry out UV radiation and multiple spot ozone simultaneously and add water is carried out disinfection,, wherein in ozonize forward direction bromine ion-containing water, add CO to reduce the generation of bromate
2
4) according to the II type charcoal absorption of selecting bromate is removed;
5) utilize the UV radiation to sterilize once more.
3, a kind of control method of bromate in bottled drinking water is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1),, selects gac by lab scale and pilot scale, as I type gac to bromide anion removal effect the best at different quality according to the activated carbon-iodine adsorptive value and to the difference of bromide anion adsorptivity in the water;
2) according to the I type charcoal absorption of selecting bromide anion is removed, reduced bromide anion content in the former water, thereby reduce the bromate amount that generates in the former water-ozone process of bromine ion-containing;
3) carry out CO simultaneously
2Add, UV radiation and multiple spot ozone adds water carried out disinfection, to reduce the generation of bromate.
4, a kind of control method of bromate in bottled drinking water is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1),, selects gac by lab scale and pilot scale, as I type gac to bromide anion removal effect the best at different quality according to the activated carbon-iodine adsorptive value and to the difference of bromide anion adsorptivity in the water; According to the activated carbon-iodine adsorptive value and to the characterization of adsorption of bromate in the water,, select gac by lab scale and pilot scale, as II type gac to bromate removal effect the best at different quality;
2) according to the I type charcoal absorption of selecting bromide anion is removed, reduced bromide anion content in the former water, thereby reduce the bromate amount that generates in the former water-ozone process of bromine ion-containing;
3) carry out CO simultaneously
2Add, UV radiation and multiple spot ozone adds water carried out disinfection, and to reduce the generation of bromate, wherein adds CO in ozonize forward direction bromine ion-containing water
2
4) according to the II type charcoal absorption of selecting bromate is removed;
5) utilize the UV radiation to sterilize once more.
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CN102276050A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-12-14 | 广东省微生物研究所 | Device for controlling ozonization byproduct bromate in packaged drinking water |
CN104921241A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-09-23 | 安徽野岭饮料食品有限公司 | Production technology of mineral water |
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CN100341802C (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2007-10-10 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for deep treatment of bromine ion-containing drinking water |
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CN102276050A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-12-14 | 广东省微生物研究所 | Device for controlling ozonization byproduct bromate in packaged drinking water |
CN102276050B (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2013-02-27 | 广东省微生物研究所 | Device for controlling ozonization byproduct bromate in packaged drinking water |
CN104921241A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-09-23 | 安徽野岭饮料食品有限公司 | Production technology of mineral water |
CN104939249A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-09-30 | 安徽野岭饮料食品有限公司 | Method for producing high-quality mineral water |
CN106517452A (en) * | 2016-10-30 | 2017-03-22 | 苏州市克拉思科文化传播有限公司 | Intelligent drinking water system for residential quarter |
CN107473346A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-12-15 | 青岛大学 | A kind of solid pharmaceutical preparation of purifying drinking water and its preparation method and application |
CN109607885A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-04-12 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of water treatment technology generated based on graphene-based material absorption/catalysis oxidation step coupling control bromate |
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