CN101610230A - Signal imbalance compensation apparatus and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及在正交接收机中使用的正交解调器,具体地涉及正交解调器中对IQ信号的相位失衡和幅度失衡进行估计和补偿的信号失衡补偿装置和方法。The present invention relates to a quadrature demodulator used in a quadrature receiver, in particular to a signal imbalance compensation device and method for estimating and compensating the phase imbalance and amplitude imbalance of IQ signals in the quadrature demodulator.
背景技术 Background technique
正交接收机使用两个独立的支路生成矢量信号,在这种情况下,模拟的I信道和Q信道之间的相移(额定90度)的误差和幅度的失配,会导致I信道信号和Q信道信号之间的相位和幅度的失衡,称为IQ失衡(或称信号失衡)。当IQ失衡时,在同相信道和正交信道之间就出现了串扰。Quadrature receivers use two separate branches to generate a vector signal, in which case errors in the phase shift (nominally 90 degrees) and magnitude mismatch between the simulated I and Q channels cause the I channel to The phase and amplitude imbalance between the signal and the Q channel signal is called IQ imbalance (or signal imbalance). When the IQ is unbalanced, crosstalk occurs between the in-phase channel and the quadrature channel.
对于IQ失衡,通常使用特殊的训练序列或利用接收信号的统计特性进行估计并进而进行补偿的方法。由于使用训练序列的方法会带来系统复杂度的增加,利用接收信号的统计特性是更为简便的解决方案。FredHarris的文章“Digital Filter Equalization of Analog Gain and PhaseMismatch in I-Q receiver”Universal Personal communications,1996.Record,1996 5th IEEE International Conference on,page 793-796 Vol.2介绍了一种简单易用的方法,该方法利用相位和幅度平衡环来对相位和幅度失衡进行估计及补偿。根据该文章,美国专利US 7,187,725公开了这样一种方法,该方法利用随I信道信号与Q信道信号之间的误差信号的平均值而变的可变环幅度来补偿相位和幅度失衡。For the IQ imbalance, a special training sequence or a method of estimating and then compensating by using the statistical characteristics of the received signal is usually used. Since the method of using the training sequence will increase the complexity of the system, it is a simpler solution to use the statistical characteristics of the received signal. FredHarris' article "Digital Filter Equalization of Analog Gain and PhaseMismatch in I-Q receiver" Universal Personal communications, 1996.Record, 1996 5th IEEE International Conference on, page 793-796 Vol.2 introduces a simple and easy-to-use method, which Phase and amplitude imbalances are estimated and compensated for using phase and amplitude gimbals. According to this article, US Patent US 7,187,725 discloses a method of compensating for phase and amplitude imbalances using a variable loop amplitude as a function of the average value of the error signal between the I-channel signal and the Q-channel signal.
图1是示出了根据现有技术的正交解调器的示意方框图。如图1所示,在模拟部分(也称前端部分)100,信号分割器101将接收到的RF/IF信号分为第一信号部分和第二信号部分。第一信号部分被传送到第一乘法器102,而第二信号部分被传送到第二乘法器103。第一乘法器102通过将第一信号部分与从本地载波发生器104输出的载波信号相混合,来生成I信道信号。第二乘法器103通过将第二信号部分与从本地载波发生器104输出并由90°移相器105进行了90°移相的载波信号相混合,来生成Q信道信号。第一模数转换器106和第二模数转换器107分别将模拟I信道信号和模拟Q信道信号转换为数字I信道信号和数字Q信道信号,其中,k是表示信号采样序号的正整数。需要说明的是,虽然图1中没有示出,但为正确地进行接收操作起见,可能还需要其它组件,如滤波器、放大器等。本领域技术人员完全可以对此做出合适的布置。Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a quadrature demodulator according to the prior art. As shown in FIG. 1 , in the analog part (also referred to as the front-end part) 100, the
此模拟部分会导致相位失衡和幅度失衡,如信号分割器101不能将输入信号分成完全相同的两部分,90°移相器105不能正好进行90°相移等。This analog part will cause phase imbalance and amplitude imbalance, for example, the
在数字部分110(包括信号失衡补偿装置和其它基带处理部分)中,相位失衡检测器111接收数字I信道信号和数字Q信道信号,检测因90°移相器105等模拟器件的缺陷而可能产生的相位误差,从而输出相位失衡值。相位失衡补偿器112响应于由相位失衡检测器111输出的相位失衡值而修改数字Q信道信号,来补偿所述相位误差,从而生成相位补偿后的;幅度失衡检测器113接收经相位补偿后的Q信道信号和I信道信号,检测它们之间的幅度失衡值并输出。幅度失衡补偿器114响应于从幅度失衡检测器113输出的幅度失衡值来补偿Q信道信号的幅度,生成经相位及幅度补偿的信号。这里以I信道信号为基准信号。In the digital part 110 (including the signal imbalance compensation device and other baseband processing parts), the
经过相位及幅度补偿的信号送到其他基带处理部分115进行后续处理。The phase- and amplitude-compensated signals are sent to other
图2是示出了根据现有技术的信号失衡补偿装置的一种典型实现,可参照Fred Harris的文章“Digital Filter Equalization of Analog Gain andPhase Mismatch in I-Q receiver”Universal Personal communications,1996.Record,1996 5th IEEE International Conference on,page 793-796 Vol.2。图2中,相位失衡检测器200相当于图1中的相位失衡检测器111,相位失衡补偿器210相当于图1中的相位失衡补偿器112,幅度失衡检测器220相当于图1中的幅度失衡检测器113,幅度失衡补偿器230相当于图1中的幅度失衡补偿器114。乘法器201输出当前相位误差e(k),乘法器202调整误差的大小,加法器203及延迟保持器204构成了相位失衡值输出单元并输出当前相位失衡值
目前利用输入信号统计特性进行IQ失衡估计和补偿的方法都存在一个重要缺陷,当输入信号经过一些非线性化器件如数模转换器后其统计特性会被改变,导致IQ失衡的估计出现错误,从而导致整个幅度和相位补偿机制失效。At present, there is an important defect in the method of using the statistical characteristics of the input signal to estimate and compensate IQ imbalance. When the input signal passes through some nonlinear devices such as digital-to-analog converters, its statistical characteristics will be changed, resulting in errors in the estimation of IQ imbalance. As a result, the entire amplitude and phase compensation mechanism fails.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
鉴于上述问题而提出了本发明。本发明提供一种正交接收机中的对IQ相位和幅度失衡进行补偿的装置和方法,用以克服由于现有技术的局限和缺点而造成的一个或更多个问题,至少提供一种有益的选择。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems. The present invention provides an apparatus and method for compensating IQ phase and amplitude imbalance in a quadrature receiver to overcome one or more problems caused by the limitations and shortcomings of the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial s Choice.
具体地,本申请提供了以下的发明。Specifically, the present application provides the following inventions.
发明1、一种信号失衡补偿装置,该信号失衡补偿装置包括:
信号失衡检测器,用于检测输入信号的信号失衡值;a signal imbalance detector, configured to detect a signal imbalance value of an input signal;
信号失衡补偿器,用于根据所述信号失衡检测器所检测出的信号失衡值,对所述输入信号的所述信号失衡进行补偿;a signal imbalance compensator, configured to compensate the signal imbalance of the input signal according to the signal imbalance value detected by the signal imbalance detector;
判断单元,用于判断所述输入信号或经所述失衡补偿器补偿过的经补偿信号是否在预定范围内;a judging unit, configured to judge whether the input signal or the compensated signal compensated by the imbalance compensator is within a predetermined range;
信号失衡检测信号生成单元,根据所述判断单元的判断结果,输出启动信号失衡检测信号或停止信号失衡检测信号;a signal imbalance detection signal generating unit, outputting a start signal imbalance detection signal or a stop signal imbalance detection signal according to the judgment result of the judgment unit;
当所述信号失衡检测信号生成单元输出停止信号失衡检测信号时,所述信号失衡检测器输出之前检测出的输入信号的信号失衡值。When the signal imbalance detection signal generation unit outputs a stop signal imbalance detection signal, the signal imbalance detector outputs a previously detected signal imbalance value of the input signal.
发明2、根据发明1所述的信号失衡补偿装置,其特征在于,所述判断单元通过判断所述输入信号或所述经补偿信号在IQ平面上的位置而判断所述输入信号或所述经补偿信号是否在预定范围内。
发明3、根据发明2所述的信号失衡补偿装置,其特征在于,所述预定范围是在所述IQ平面上I坐标大于预定低阈值而小于预定高阈值的范围。Invention 3. The signal imbalance compensation device according to
发明4、根据发明2所述的信号失衡补偿装置,其特征在于,所述预定范围是在所述IQ平面上Q坐标大于预定低阈值而小于预定高阈值的范围。
发明5、根据发明1所述的信号失衡补偿装置,其特征在于,所述信号失衡补偿装置还包括信号更新控制单元,用于对信号的更新进行控制。Invention 5. The signal imbalance compensation device according to
发明6、根据发明5所述的信号失衡补偿装置,其特征在于,所述信号更新控制单元包括:Invention 6. The signal imbalance compensation device according to Invention 5, wherein the signal update control unit includes:
信号更新控制器,用于确定进行信号更新的定时,a signal update controller, configured to determine timing for performing signal updates,
触发器,用于使所述信号失衡补偿器只在所述信号更新控制器所确定的定时进行所述输入信号的补偿。A trigger is used to enable the signal imbalance compensator to perform compensation of the input signal only at the timing determined by the signal update controller.
发明7、根据发明1所述的信号失衡补偿装置,其特征在于,所述信号失衡检测器包括:
当前信号失衡检测器,用于检测当前信号的信号失衡值;The current signal imbalance detector is used to detect the signal imbalance value of the current signal;
前一信号失衡输出器,用于输出先前检测出的前一信号的信号失衡值;The previous signal imbalance output device is used to output the previously detected signal imbalance value of the previous signal;
选择器,当所述信号失衡检测信号生成单元输出启动信号失衡检测信号时,所述选择器选择所述当前信号失衡检测器的输出,并提供给所述信号失衡补偿器;当所述信号失衡检测信号生成单元输出停止信号失衡检测信号时,所述选择器选择所述前一信号失衡输出器的输出,并提供给所述信号失衡补偿器。a selector, when the signal imbalance detection signal generation unit outputs a start signal imbalance detection signal, the selector selects the output of the current signal imbalance detector and provides it to the signal imbalance compensator; when the signal imbalance When the detection signal generation unit outputs the stop signal imbalance detection signal, the selector selects the output of the previous signal imbalance outputter and supplies it to the signal imbalance compensator.
发明8、根据发明1所述的信号失衡补偿装置,其特征在于,所述信号失衡检测器包括相位失衡检测器和幅度失衡检测器,所述信号失衡补偿器包括相位失衡补偿器和幅度失衡补偿器,所述信号失衡检测信号生成单元生成相同的启动信号失衡检测信号或相同的停止信号失衡检测信号控制所述相位失衡检测器和所述幅度失衡检测器。Invention 8. The signal imbalance compensation device according to
发明9、根据发明1所述的信号失衡补偿装置,其特征在于,所述信号失衡检测器包括相位失衡检测器和幅度失衡检测器,所述信号失衡补偿器包括相位失衡补偿器和幅度失衡补偿器,所述信号失衡检测信号生成单元生成不同的启动信号失衡检测信号或不同的停止信号失衡检测信号来分别控制所述相位失衡检测器和所述幅度失衡检测器。Invention 9. The signal imbalance compensation device according to
发明10、根据发明1所述的信号失衡补偿装置,其特征在于,所述信号失衡补偿装置还包括高通滤波器,用于对输入到所述信号失衡检测控制器和/或所述失衡检测器的信号进行滤波。
发明11、根据发明1所述的信号失衡补偿装置,其特征在于,所述输入信号包括两路相同的输入信号,其中所述信号失衡检测器、所述判断单元和所述信号失衡检测信号生成单元针对所述两路相同的输入信号中的一路输入信号进行工作,而所述信号失衡补偿器根据所述信号失衡检测器所检测出的信号失衡,对所述两路相同的输入信号中另一路输入信号进行补偿。Invention 11. The signal imbalance compensation device according to
发明12、一种信号失衡补偿方法,其特征在于,所述信号失衡补偿方法包括:
判断步骤,用于判断输入信号或经失衡补偿的信号是否在预定范围内;a judging step for judging whether the input signal or the imbalance-compensated signal is within a predetermined range;
信号失衡检测信号生成步骤,根据所述判断步骤的判断结果,输出启动信号失衡检测信号或停止信号失衡检测信号;A signal imbalance detection signal generation step, outputting a start signal imbalance detection signal or a stop signal imbalance detection signal according to the judgment result of the judgment step;
失衡值检测步骤,检测所述输入信号的信号失衡值;an unbalanced value detecting step of detecting a signal unbalanced value of the input signal;
失衡补偿步骤,当所述信号失衡检测信号生成步骤输出停止信号失衡检测信号时,根据之前检测出的信号失衡值对输入信号的信号失衡进行补偿,当所述信号失衡检测信号生成步骤输出启动信号失衡检测信号时,根据当前检测出的信号失衡值对输入信号的信号失衡进行补偿。an imbalance compensation step of compensating the signal imbalance of the input signal based on the previously detected signal imbalance value when the signal imbalance detection signal generation step outputs a stop signal imbalance detection signal, and when the signal imbalance detection signal generation step outputs a start signal When the unbalanced detection signal is used, the signal unbalance of the input signal is compensated according to the currently detected signal unbalanced value.
发明13、根据发明12所述的信号失衡补偿方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括分路步骤,将所述输入信号分成两路信号,其中所述判断步骤和所述失衡值检测步骤针对所述两路信号中的一路信号进行,所述失衡补偿步骤针对所述两路信号中的另一路信号进行。Invention 13. The signal imbalance compensation method according to
发明14、根据发明13所述的信号失衡补偿方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括高通滤波步骤,用于对所述一路信号进行高通滤波。
发明15、一种信号失衡补偿装置,该信号失衡补偿装置被输入两路相同的输入信号,该信号失衡补偿装置包括:Invention 15. A signal imbalance compensation device. The signal imbalance compensation device is input with two identical input signals. The signal imbalance compensation device includes:
信号失衡检测器(620,640)用于检测所述两路相同的输入信号中一路输入信号的信号失衡值;The signal imbalance detector (620, 640) is configured to detect a signal imbalance value of one input signal among the two identical input signals;
信号失衡补偿器(630,650),用于根据所述信号失衡检测器所检测出的信号失衡值,对所述两路相同的输入信号中的另一路输入信号进行补偿。A signal imbalance compensator (630, 650), configured to compensate the other input signal of the two identical input signals according to the signal imbalance value detected by the signal imbalance detector.
发明16、一种信号失衡补偿方法,该信号失衡补偿方法对输入的两路相同的输入信号进行处理,其中,该信号失衡补偿方法包括:Invention 16. A signal imbalance compensation method. The signal imbalance compensation method processes two identical input signals. The signal imbalance compensation method includes:
信号失衡检测步骤,用于检测所述两路相同的输入信号中一路输入信号的信号失衡值;A signal imbalance detection step, for detecting a signal imbalance value of one of the two identical input signals;
信号失衡补偿步骤,用于根据所述信号失衡检测器所检测出的信号失衡值,对所述两路相同的输入信号中的另一路输入信号进行补偿。The signal imbalance compensation step is used to compensate the other input signal of the two identical input signals according to the signal imbalance value detected by the signal imbalance detector.
与现有技术相比,本发明所述相位和幅度失衡补偿装置和方法具有的优点为充分考虑到信号短时非理想统计特性、信号动态范围、数模转换器等非线性器件对信号特性的改变,通过对相位和幅度失衡的估计、补偿进行控制,解决存在直流分量的情况下相位和幅度失衡的估计及补偿问题。Compared with the prior art, the phase and amplitude imbalance compensation device and method of the present invention have the advantages of fully considering the short-term non-ideal statistical characteristics of the signal, the dynamic range of the signal, and the effects of nonlinear devices such as digital-to-analog converters on the signal characteristics. Change, by controlling the estimation and compensation of phase and amplitude imbalance, solve the problem of estimation and compensation of phase and amplitude imbalance in the presence of DC components.
附图说明 Description of drawings
附图示出了本发明的优选实施例,构成了说明书的一部分,用于与文字说明一起进一步详细地阐释本发明的原理。其中:The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the principle of the present invention in further detail together with the text description. in:
图1是示出了根据现有技术的信号失衡补偿装置的方框示意图;FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a signal imbalance compensation device according to the prior art;
图2是示出了根据现有技术的信号失衡补偿装置的一种典型实现;FIG. 2 shows a typical implementation of a signal imbalance compensation device according to the prior art;
图3是示出了根据本发明的信号失衡补偿装置的示意方框图;3 is a schematic block diagram showing a signal imbalance compensation device according to the present invention;
图4是示出了根据本发明中信号失衡检测控制器如何根据输入的I信道信和Q信道信输出启动/停止失衡检测信号的实例;4 is an example showing how a signal imbalance detection controller outputs a start/stop imbalance detection signal according to an input I channel signal and a Q channel signal according to the present invention;
图5是示出了根据本发明的信号失衡补偿装置的一种典型实现;Fig. 5 shows a typical implementation of the signal imbalance compensation device according to the present invention;
图6是示出了根据本发明的信号失衡补偿装置的另外一种典型实现;FIG. 6 shows another typical implementation of the signal imbalance compensation device according to the present invention;
图7是相对照地示出了采用本发明的情况下的相位及幅度失衡值与未采用本发明的情况下的典型曲线;Fig. 7 comparatively shows the phase and amplitude unbalance value under the situation of adopting the present invention and the typical curve under the situation of not adopting the present invention;
图8是另一种根据本发明的信号失衡补偿装置的示意方框图;以及FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of another signal imbalance compensation device according to the present invention; and
图9示出了依据本发明的一种实施方式的信号失衡补偿方法的流程图。Fig. 9 shows a flowchart of a signal imbalance compensation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面,参照附图,对本发明的进行详细说明。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
图3示出了根据本发明在正交接收机中使用的正交解调器的示意方框图。Fig. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of a quadrature demodulator used in a quadrature receiver according to the invention.
如图3所示,正交解调器30包括模拟部分300和数字部分310。As shown in FIG. 3 , the
模拟部分300包括信号分割器301、第一乘法器302、第二乘法器303、本地载波发生器304、90°移相器305、第一模数转换器(ADC)306、以及第二模数转换器307。The
信号分割器301接收RF/IF信号,将接收到的信号分为第一信号部分和第二信号部分。第一信号部分被传送到第一乘法器302,而第二信号部分被传送到第二乘法器303。第一乘法器302通过将第一信号部分与从本地载波发生器304输出的载波信号相混合,来生成I信道信号。第二乘法器303通过将第二信号部分与从本地载波发生器304输出并由90°移相器305进行了90°移相的载波信号相混合,来生成Q信道信号。第一模数转换器306和第二模数转换器307分别将模拟I信道信号和模拟Q信道信号转换为数字I信道信号和数字Q信道信号,其中,k是表示信号采样序号的正整数。The
应该注意,上述对模拟部分的说明是示意性的,并不是对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员可以采用本领域所知的任何其它的方式来实现该模拟部分。It should be noted that the above description of the simulation part is illustrative and not limiting to the present invention, and those skilled in the art may implement the simulation part in any other manner known in the art.
如图3所示,数字部分310包括信号失衡补偿装置和其它基带信号处理部分315,信号失衡补偿装置包括相位失衡检测器311、幅度失衡检测器313、相位失衡补偿器312以及幅度失衡补偿器314。另外,本发明的信号失衡补偿装置还包括信号失衡检测控制器321。As shown in Figure 3, the
信号失衡检测控制器321根据接收到的I信道信号和Q信道信号的特性,输出启动失衡检测信号或停止失衡检测信号。The signal
相位失衡检测器311的工作状态由信号失衡检测控制器321进行控制。当信号失衡检测控制器321输出启动相位失衡检测信号时,相位失衡检测器311接收数字I信道信号和数字Q信道信号,并检测因模拟部分的特性不理想带来的I和Q信道信号的相位失衡并输出当前相位失衡值给相位失衡补偿器312。相位失衡补偿器312根据来自相位失衡检测器311的当前相位失衡值补偿I和Q信道信号的相位失衡。当信号失衡检测控制器321输出停止失衡检测信号时,相位失衡检测器311输出前一个采样时刻的相位失衡值给相位失衡补偿器312用于补偿I和Q信道信号的相位失衡。The working state of the phase imbalance detector 311 is controlled by the signal
相位失衡补偿器312根据相位失衡检测器311的输出进行相应的相位失衡的补偿。其补偿方式可以根据相位失衡检测器311的输出进行逐样点的补偿,也可以采用根据相位失衡检测器311的输出周期性地或非周期性地进行补偿。The
类似地,幅度失衡检测器313的工作状态由信号失衡检测控制器321进行控制。当信号失衡检测控制器321输出启动幅度失衡检测信号时,幅度失衡检测器311接收数字I信道信号和数字Q信道信号,并检测因模拟部分的特性不理想带来的I和Q信道信号的幅度失衡并输出当前幅度失衡值给幅度补偿器314。幅度补偿器314根据来自相位失衡检测器的当前相位失衡值补偿I和Q信道信号的相位失衡。当信号失衡检测控制器321输出停止失衡检测信号时,幅度失衡检测器313输出前一个采样时刻的相位失衡值给幅度失衡补偿器314用于补偿I和Q信道信号的幅度失衡。Similarly, the working state of the
幅度失衡补偿器314根据幅度失衡检测器313的输出进行相应的幅度失衡的补偿。其补偿方式可以根据幅度失衡检测器313的输出进行逐样点的补偿,也可以采用根据幅度失衡检测器313的输出周期性地或非周期性地进行补偿。The
其他基带处理部分315是本领域的公知技术内容,而且对于本发明并不重要,因此在此不再对它们进行详细的描述。需要说明的是,虽然图3中没有示出,但为正确地进行接收操作起见,可能还需要其它组件,如放大器、滤波器等。本领域技术人员完全可以对此做出合适的布置,因此,不再赘述它们的具体布置,以使本发明的要点更为突出。Other
另外,从上面的说明中可以看出,本发明与现有技术的最大的区别在于增加了信号失衡检测控制器321。下面对信号失衡检测控制器321进行详细的说明。In addition, it can be seen from the above description that the biggest difference between the present invention and the prior art lies in the addition of a signal
在本发明中,信号失衡检测控制器321的输入信号可以是相位补偿及幅度补偿前的信号,也可以是相位补偿、幅度补偿后的信号。In the present invention, the input signal of the signal
下面首先对信号失衡检测控制器321的输入信号是相位补偿及幅度补偿前的信号的情况进行说明。这种情况即如图3所示的情况。First, the case where the input signal of the signal
图4A示出了依据本发明的一种实施方式的信号失衡检测控制器的示意性结构框图。Fig. 4A shows a schematic structural block diagram of a signal imbalance detection controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
如图4A所示,依据本发明的一种实施方式的信号失衡检测控制器包括判断单元401以及信号生成单元402。As shown in FIG. 4A , a signal imbalance detection controller according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a judging
在图3的情况下,首先判断单元401判断模数转换器306和307输出的带有相位及幅度失衡的信号(下文称输入信号)是否落入预定的范围内。如果判断单元401判断出该输入信号落入预定的范围(误差估计置信区)内,则所述信号生成单元402生成启动信号失衡检测信号,包括启动幅度失衡检测信号和启动相位失衡检测信号。如果判断单元401判断出该输入信号未落入预定的范围内,则所述信号生成单元402生成停止信号失衡检测信号,包括停止幅度失衡检测信号和停止相位失衡检测信号。这里针对相位及幅度失衡可以采用相同、也可以采用不同的预定范围进行控制。In the case of FIG. 3 , the judging
图4B、图4C、图4D、图4E是示出了对所述预定范围的几种示例性限定图案。如图所示,当输入信号失衡检测控制器321的I信道信号和Q信道信号位于IQ平面的阴影区域(即误差估计置信区)时输出启动失衡检测信号,当输入信号失衡检测控制器321的I信道信号和Q信道信号位于其他区域时输出停止失衡检测信号。Fig. 4B, Fig. 4C, Fig. 4D, Fig. 4E show several exemplary limiting patterns for the predetermined range. As shown in the figure, when the I channel signal and the Q channel signal of the input signal
下面说明针对这些预定范围,判断单元401的判断处理。The determination processing of the
图4B的阴影区可表示为:The shaded area in Figure 4B can be expressed as:
图4C的阴影区表示为:The shaded area in Figure 4C is represented as:
图4D的阴影区表示为:The shaded area in Figure 4D is represented as:
图4E的阴影区表示为:The shaded area in Figure 4E is represented as:
上述图4B、图4C、图4D、图4E阴影区表示式中,和分别表示输入信号失衡检测控制器321的I信道信号和Q信道信号,Thhigh表示预定大阈值,Thlow。表示预定小阈值,并且:0≤Thlow<Thhigh≤ADCOUTmax,其中ADCOUTmax代表数模转换器的最大输出值。4B, FIG. 4C, FIG. 4D, and FIG. 4E shaded area expressions above, and represent the I channel signal and the Q channel signal of the input signal
因而,根据输入的I信道信号和Q信道信号,信号失衡检测控制器321的判断单元401可以判断出输入的信号是否位于预定的范围内。Therefore, according to the input I channel signal and Q channel signal, the judging
应该注意到,虽然在上面对预定范围进行了示例,但本领域的技术人员显然可以根据本发明构思出不同的范围,例如将图4B-图4E中的范围进行分割组合等,例如图4F由图4B与图4C组合而来,图4G由图4D与图4E组合而来等的形状,但这些都在本发明的范围内。It should be noted that although the predetermined range is exemplified above, those skilled in the art can obviously conceive different ranges according to the present invention, such as dividing and combining the ranges in Fig. 4B-Fig. 4E, etc., for example Fig. 4F Figure 4B is combined with Figure 4C, Figure 4G is combined with Figure 4D and Figure 4E, etc., but these are all within the scope of the present invention.
另选地,所述预定范围可以是IQ平面上排除了I路或Q路小于预定小阈值的信号点以及大于预定大阈值的点的范围。这里的大阈值和小阈值可以通过仿真或根据经验获得。Alternatively, the predetermined range may be a range on the IQ plane excluding signal points of I-path or Q-path less than a predetermined small threshold and points greater than a predetermined large threshold. The large threshold and small threshold here can be obtained through simulation or experience.
图5示出了一种以I信道信号作为基准信号对Q信道信号进行补偿的信号失衡补偿装置的具体实现。FIG. 5 shows a specific implementation of a signal imbalance compensation device for compensating a Q channel signal with an I channel signal as a reference signal.
如图5所示,依据本发明一种实施方式的信号失衡补偿装置50包括:信号失衡检测控制器500、相位失衡检测器510、相位失衡补偿器520、幅度失衡检测器530、幅度失衡补偿器540。As shown in FIG. 5, a signal
其中,信号失衡检测控制器500对应于图3所示的信号失衡检测控制器321,相位失衡检测器510对应于图3的相位失衡检测器311,相位失衡补偿器520对应于图3所示的相位失衡补偿器312,幅度失衡检测器530对应于图3的幅度失衡检测器313,幅度失衡补偿器540对应于图3的幅度失衡补偿器314。Wherein, the signal
在该具体实现中,信号失衡检测控制器500采用如图4D所示的控制方式,当输入信号和落在图4D所示的阴影区内输出启动失衡检测信号。需要说明的是,针对相位和幅度失衡检测可以采用相同的控制信号也可以采用不同的控制信号,如果采用相同的控制信号,分为启动失衡检测信号和停止失衡检测信号,如果采用不同的控制信号,分为启动相位失衡检测信号、停止相位失衡检测信号、启动幅度失衡检测信号和停止幅度失衡检测信号。In this specific implementation, the signal
当信号失衡检测控制器500输出启动相位失衡检测信号时,选择器514输出乘法器512输出的相位误差e(k),此时的相位失衡检测器510相当于现有技术的相位失衡检测器。当信号失衡检测控制器500输出停止相位失衡检测信号时,选择器514输出常数0输出器513输出的常数0。此时常数0输出器513、选择器514、加法器515及延迟保持器516构成了前一相位失衡值输出单元,并输出未经变更的相位失衡值(即之前有效的相位失衡值)。When the signal
相位失衡补偿器520由乘法器521和加法器522构成,根据相位失衡检测器输出的相位失衡值,以I信道信号为基准补偿Q信道信号的相位失衡。The
当信号失衡检测控制器500输出启动幅度失衡检测信号时,选择器536输出乘法器534的输出幅度误差d(k),此时幅度失衡检测器530相当于与现有技术的信号失衡检测控制器。当信号失衡检测控制器500输出停止幅度失衡检测信号时,选择器536输出常数0生成器535输出的常数0。此时由常数0生成器535、加法器537及延迟保持器538可认为是用于输出之前的幅度失衡值的前一幅度失衡值输出单元。When the signal
前一相位失衡值输出单元和前一幅度失衡值输出单元两者或其中之一构成了本发明的前一信号失衡值输出单元。Both or one of the previous phase imbalance value output unit and the previous amplitude imbalance value output unit constitutes the previous signal imbalance value output unit of the present invention.
幅度失衡补偿器540由乘法器541构成,根据幅度失衡检测器输出的幅度失衡值,以I信道信号为基准补偿Q信道信号的幅度失衡。The
图5中μ1(k)及μ2(k)可以为常量也可以为变量。In FIG. 5, μ 1 (k) and μ 2 (k) can be constant or variable.
另外,虽然在图3和图5中示出的是以I信道信号作为基准信号对Q信道信号进行补偿,但本领域技术人员应该意识到,可以以Q信道信号作为基准信号对I信道信号进行补偿。In addition, although it is shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 that the Q channel signal is compensated with the I channel signal as the reference signal, those skilled in the art should realize that the I channel signal can be compensated with the Q channel signal as the reference signal. compensate.
另外,应该注意,在图5中,当选择器514根据信号失衡检测控制器500输出启动幅度失衡检测信号而选择了乘法器512的输出时,相位失衡检测器510与现有技术的工作方式是一样。实际上本发明对相位失衡检测器510的实现没有限制,可以使用其它的相位失衡检测器510。In addition, it should be noted that in FIG. 5, when the
图6示出了根据本发明的信号失衡补偿装置的另外一种典型实现。图6示出了以Q信道信号作为基准信号对I信道信号进行补偿的方案。如图6所示,信号失衡补偿装置60由5部分构成:信号失衡检测控制器610、相位失衡检测器620、相位失衡补偿器630、幅度失衡检测器640、幅度失衡补偿器650及更新控制器660,此外还有高通滤波器601、602、触发器603、604。Fig. 6 shows another typical implementation of the signal imbalance compensation device according to the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a solution for compensating the I channel signal with the Q channel signal as the reference signal. As shown in Figure 6, the signal
输入信号和通过高通滤波器601、602后分别输出和,该支路信号用于进行相位及幅度失衡估计,高通滤波器601、602用于消除直流分量对相位及幅度失衡估计带来的影响,在DC分量通过其他方案被去除的情况下,可以不使用高通滤波器601、602,此时
在图6中,信号失衡检测控制器610采用如图4E所示控制方式,当输入信号和未落在图4E所示的阴影区内时,输出停止失衡检测信号。In FIG. 6, the signal
当信号失衡检测控制器610输出启动相位失衡检测信号时,选择器624输出乘法器622输出的相位误差e(k),当信号失衡检测控制器610输出停止相位失衡检测信号时,选择器624输出常数0生成器623生成的常数0;乘法器621、乘法器622、选择器624、加法器625及延迟保持器626构成了相位失衡检测器并输出相位失衡值。当信号失衡检测控制器610输出启动失衡检测信号时,
当信号失衡检测控制器610输出启动幅度失衡检测信号时,选择器646输出乘法器644的输出幅度误差d(k),当信号失衡检测控制器610输出停止幅度失衡检测信号时,选择器646输出常数0;当信号失衡检测控制器610输出启动幅度失衡检测信号时,绝对值生成器641、绝对值生成器642、加法器643、乘法器644、选择器646、加法器647及延迟保持器648构成相位失衡检测器并输出幅度失衡值。当信号失衡检测控制器610输出启动失衡检测信号,
补偿参数更新控制器660根据控制需要发出相位更新及幅度更新信号。更新信号可以为输出一直更新,此时每输出一个相位失衡值幅度失衡值都会通过触发器603、604更新失衡值及,即
相位失衡补偿器630由乘法器631和加法器632构成,根据相位失衡值以Q信道信号为基准补偿I信道信号的相位失衡。The
幅度失衡补偿器650由乘法器651构成,根据幅度失衡值以Q信道信号为基准补偿I信道信号的幅度失衡。
图6中μ1(k)及μ2(k)可以为常量也可以为变量。In FIG. 6, μ 1 (k) and μ 2 (k) can be constant or variable.
图6中的更新控制器660、触发器604和603构成了本发明的失衡值更新装置。The updating
另外,虽然在图6中示出的是以Q信道信号作为基准信号对I信道信号进行补偿,但本领域技术人员应该意识到,可以以I信道信号作为基准信号对Q信道信号进行补偿。In addition, although it is shown in FIG. 6 that the I channel signal is compensated with the Q channel signal as the reference signal, those skilled in the art should realize that the Q channel signal may be compensated with the I channel signal as the reference signal.
应该注意到,将图6的技术方案与图3所示的本发明的技术方案以及图1和图2所示的现有技术的技术方案相比较,图6的技术方案具有一个突出的特点,即对信号失衡值(包括相位失衡值和幅度失衡值)的检测与对信号失衡值(包括相位失衡值和幅度失衡值)的补偿是针对不同路的输入信号进行的。即,如图6所示,所述输入信号被分成两路输入信号(每路输入信号都包括I路信号和Q路信号),相位失衡检测和幅度失衡检测示针对其中的一路信号进行的,而对相位失衡和对幅度失衡的补偿是对另一路信号进行的。这也是本发明的一个突出特点。It should be noted that comparing the technical solution of Fig. 6 with the technical solution of the present invention shown in Fig. 3 and the technical solution of the prior art shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the technical solution of Fig. 6 has a prominent feature, That is, the detection of the signal imbalance value (including the phase imbalance value and the amplitude imbalance value) and the compensation of the signal imbalance value (including the phase imbalance value and the amplitude imbalance value) are performed for different input signals. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the input signal is divided into two input signals (each input signal includes an I signal and a Q signal), and the phase imbalance detection and the amplitude imbalance detection are performed on one of the signals, The compensation for phase imbalance and amplitude imbalance is performed on another signal. This is also an outstanding feature of the present invention.
在图6所示的技术方案中,对进行失衡检测的一路输入信号进行高通滤波。In the technical solution shown in FIG. 6 , high-pass filtering is performed on one input signal for unbalance detection.
因而,本发明提供了一种信号失衡补偿装置,该信号失衡补偿装置被输入两路相同的输入信号,该信号失衡补偿装置包括:信号失衡检测器620和640,用于检测所述两路相同的输入信号中一路输入信号的信号失衡值;信号失衡补偿器630和650,用于根据所述信号失衡检测器所检测出的信号失衡值,对所述两路相同的输入信号中的另一路输入信号进行补偿。Therefore, the present invention provides a signal imbalance compensation device, the signal imbalance compensation device is input with two identical input signals, the signal imbalance compensation device includes:
也就是说,在本发明的一种方案中,可以具有信号失衡检测控制器,也可以不具有信号失衡检测控制器。That is to say, in one solution of the present invention, there may or may not be a signal imbalance detection controller.
同样地,本发明提供了一种信号失衡补偿方法,该信号失衡补偿方法对输入的两路相同的输入信号进行处理,其中,该信号失衡补偿方法包括:信号失衡检测步骤,用于检测所述两路相同的输入信号中一路输入信号的信号失衡值;信号失衡补偿步骤,用于根据所述信号失衡检测器所检测出的信号失衡值,对所述两路相同的输入信号中的另一路输入信号进行补偿。Similarly, the present invention provides a signal imbalance compensation method, the signal imbalance compensation method processes two identical input signals, wherein the signal imbalance compensation method includes: a signal imbalance detection step for detecting the The signal unbalance value of one of the two identical input signals; the signal unbalance compensation step is used to correct the other of the two identical input signals according to the signal unbalance value detected by the signal unbalance detector The input signal is compensated.
本领域普通技术人员结合本发明的图6阅读了本申请之后可以清楚地知道如何实现以上的方法和装置。Those of ordinary skill in the art can clearly know how to implement the above method and device after reading this application in conjunction with FIG. 6 of the present invention.
当输入信号具备一些特点(如输入信号非常小)时,经过如图3所示数模转换器306,307后大部分被量化为0,图7为超过90%的样点被量化为0的时候相位及幅度失衡实际值、估计值的变化曲线。When the input signal has some characteristics (such as the input signal is very small), most of them are quantized to 0 after passing through the digital-to-
图7A示出了采用图2所示的常规方法对相位失衡进行估计后的相位失衡估计值与实际值,图7B示出了采用图2所示的常规方法对幅度失衡进行估计后的幅度失衡估计值与实际值;图7C示出了采用本发明对相位失衡进行估计后的相位失衡估计值与实际值,图7D示出了采用本发明对幅度失衡进行估计后的幅度失衡估计值与实际值。由此可以看出本发明的效果。Figure 7A shows the phase imbalance estimate and actual value after the phase imbalance is estimated using the conventional method shown in Figure 2, and Figure 7B shows the amplitude imbalance after the amplitude imbalance is estimated using the conventional method shown in Figure 2 Estimated value and actual value; Figure 7C shows the phase imbalance estimated value and actual value after the phase imbalance is estimated by the present invention, and Figure 7D shows the amplitude imbalance estimated value and the actual value after the amplitude imbalance is estimated by the present invention value. From this, the effect of the present invention can be seen.
图8示出了信号失衡检测控制器821的输入是相位补偿、幅度补偿后的信号的情况下的正交解调器。如图8所示,当信号失衡检测控制器821的输入是相位补偿、幅度补偿后的信号时,与图3相比,其不同在于对信号失衡检测控制器的输入信号是经过相位和幅度补偿后的及,仍然采用与图3相同的控制方法。FIG. 8 shows a quadrature demodulator in the case where the input of the signal
另外,应该注意,如上所述,可以对现有技术的幅度失衡检测器和相位失衡检测器进行简单的改变,来实现本发明的前一相位失衡值输出单元和前一幅度失衡值输出单元。但这只是示例性的,不是对本发明的限制,可以采用各种方法输出未变更的幅度失衡信号和未变更的相位失衡信号。例如可以采用另外的寄存器保存寄存器516中的相位失衡值和寄存器538中的幅度失衡值,然后利用切换装置,根据信号失衡检测控制器的信号,在所述另外的寄存器和寄存器516之间进行切换,以及在所述另外的寄存器与寄存器538之间进行切换。在输出寄存器516和寄存器538中的值时,同步更新所述的另外的寄存器中的值,在不输出寄存器516和寄存器538中的值时,不更新所述的另外的寄存器中的值。又例如,可以利用开关装置,根据信号失衡检测控制器的信号断开或导通e(k)向加法器515的输入。总之,本领域技术人员可以想到各种输出前一相位失衡值和幅度失衡值的方法和装置。In addition, it should be noted that, as described above, the previous phase imbalance value output unit and the previous amplitude imbalance value output unit of the present invention can be implemented by simply changing the amplitude imbalance detector and phase imbalance detector of the prior art. But this is just an example, not a limitation of the present invention, and various methods can be used to output the unaltered amplitude imbalance signal and the unaltered phase imbalance signal. For example, another register can be used to save the phase imbalance value in the
图9示出了依据本发明的一种实施方式的信号失衡补偿方法的流程图。如图9所示,首先在步骤901判断输入的I支路信号和Q支路信号是否在预定的范围内,如果在预定的范围内(步骤901,是),则在步骤902输出启动相位失衡检测信号及启动幅度失衡检测信号,并在步骤904对当前相位及幅度失衡值更新,即
另外,应该注意,在本发明以上的实施方式中,对相位和幅度都采用了本发明的补偿装置和方法,但本发明可以只应用于相位补偿或只应用于幅度补偿。In addition, it should be noted that in the above embodiments of the present invention, the compensation device and method of the present invention are used for both phase and amplitude, but the present invention can only be applied to phase compensation or only to amplitude compensation.
本发明的信号失衡检测器包括了相位失衡检测器与幅度失衡检测器两者或其中之一。本发明的信号补偿器包括了相位失衡补偿器和幅度失衡补偿器两者或其中之一。相对应地,本发明的信号失衡检测控制器可以分为只对相位失衡检测进行控制的相位失衡检测控制器和只对幅度失衡检测进行控制的幅度失衡检测控制器。即,本发明的信号失衡检测控制器包括相位失衡检测控制器与幅度失衡检测控制器两者或其中之一。The signal imbalance detector of the present invention includes both or one of the phase imbalance detector and the amplitude imbalance detector. The signal compensator of the present invention includes both or one of the phase unbalance compensator and the amplitude unbalance compensator. Correspondingly, the signal imbalance detection controller of the present invention can be divided into a phase imbalance detection controller that only controls phase imbalance detection and an amplitude imbalance detection controller that only controls amplitude imbalance detection. That is, the signal imbalance detection controller of the present invention includes both or one of the phase imbalance detection controller and the amplitude imbalance detection controller.
根据本发明的上述实施例,可以防止因有缺陷的正交解调器引起的I信道信号与Q信道信号之间的相位和/或幅度失衡造成的性能劣化。According to the above-described embodiments of the present invention, performance degradation due to a phase and/or amplitude imbalance between an I-channel signal and a Q-channel signal due to a defective quadrature demodulator can be prevented.
需要说明的是,本发明的范围还包括用于执行上述相位和幅度补偿方法的计算机程序以及记录有该程序的计算机可读记录介质。作为记录介质,这里可以使用计算机可读的软盘、硬盘、半导体存储器、CD-ROM、DVD、磁光盘(MO)以及其它介质。It should be noted that the scope of the present invention also includes a computer program for executing the above phase and amplitude compensation method and a computer-readable recording medium recorded with the program. As the recording medium, a computer-readable flexible disk, hard disk, semiconductor memory, CD-ROM, DVD, magneto-optical disk (MO), and other media can be used here.
尽管以上仅选择了优选实施例来例示本发明,但是本领域技术人员根据这里公开的内容,很容易在不脱离由所附权利要求限定的发明范围的情况下进行各种变化和修改。上述实施例的说明仅是例示性的,而不构成对由所附权利要求及其等同物所限定的发明的限制。Although only the preferred embodiments have been chosen to illustrate the present invention, those skilled in the art can easily make various changes and modifications based on the disclosure herein without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims. The descriptions of the above embodiments are illustrative only, and do not constitute limitations on the invention defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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CN102859959A (en) * | 2010-05-03 | 2013-01-02 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | Inter-carrier bandwidth control for mitigating IQ imbalance |
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CN102195914A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-21 | 富士通株式会社 | IQ imbalance correction method in a wireless communication device |
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CN103262488B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2017-04-12 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | Controllable frequency offset for inphase and quadrature (IQ) imbalance estimation |
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