CN101609045A - A kind of gemstone refractive index tester - Google Patents

A kind of gemstone refractive index tester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101609045A
CN101609045A CNA2009100987012A CN200910098701A CN101609045A CN 101609045 A CN101609045 A CN 101609045A CN A2009100987012 A CNA2009100987012 A CN A2009100987012A CN 200910098701 A CN200910098701 A CN 200910098701A CN 101609045 A CN101609045 A CN 101609045A
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China
Prior art keywords
shell
refractive index
motherboard
gemstone
index tester
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Pending
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CNA2009100987012A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
程宏
王勤
王媛媛
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HANGZHOU ZHIDA ELECTRO-OPTICAL CO LTD
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HANGZHOU ZHIDA ELECTRO-OPTICAL CO LTD
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Priority to CNA2009100987012A priority Critical patent/CN101609045A/en
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of gemstone refractive index tester, mainly comprise shell, eye lens and motherboard, motherboard is located in the shell, motherboard is provided with refractive prism, carves chi, field lens, reflective mirror I, refractive prism is a bridge shape, and the exit facet of refractive prism is provided with cylindrical lens, is provided with back up pad in the shell and contacts with motherboard, back up pad is provided with reflective mirror II, reflector and color filter, and eye lens are connected and fixed by eyepiece mount and shell.The effect that the present invention is useful is: the design of bridge shape structure refractive prism makes the reflected light of a certain special angle be limited within certain width, has so just completely cut off the entering of parasitic light of diffusing surface outgoing, and the contrast in the visual field is also with regard to corresponding improve.This analyzer observed bright-dark cut in the visual field is more clearly than the separatrix of the analyzer of other types.

Description

A kind of gemstone refractive index tester
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to jewel analyzer device field, mainly is a kind of gemstone refractive index tester.
Background technology
The gemstone refractive index tester that uses mainly contains two kinds of forms at present, and a kind of is the semicircle pillar, and another kind is a lens type.The incident ray of semicircle pillar analyzer becomes convergent shape, and dress school difficulty causes in the visual field terminator unclear; Glass semicylinder processing difficulties; The incident spurious rays can enter the visual field, causes contrast to descend.The refraction effect owing to the prism exit facet of lens type analyzer makes that the measurement range of refractive index is limited; The light portion that is produced by diffuse surface can directly enter the visual field, causes contrast to descend.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, and a kind of more reliable and more stable, more practical gemstone refractive index tester is provided.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical matters adopts: this gemstone refractive index tester, mainly comprise shell, eye lens and motherboard, motherboard is located in the shell, motherboard is provided with refractive prism, carves chi, field lens, reflective mirror I, refractive prism is a bridge shape, and the exit facet of refractive prism is provided with cylindrical lens, is provided with back up pad in the shell and contacts with motherboard, back up pad is provided with reflective mirror II, reflector and color filter, and eye lens are connected and fixed by eyepiece mount and shell.
The camera lens place of described eye lens is provided with polaroid.
Described eye lens outside is provided with focusing slide block and stage clip from inside to outside, and eyepiece mount is with eyepiece hood outward.
Described cover top portion is provided with working plate, and working plate top is provided with protective cover, and protective cover is fixed on the shell by connecting piece.
Chi was fixed on and carved on the rod support described quarter, and an end of carving rod support is provided with pressure spring.
Described shell is provided with light hole, and the position of light hole is corresponding with reflective mirror II.
The plane of incidence of described refractive prism is a frosting.
The effect that the present invention is useful is: the design of bridge shape structure refractive prism makes the reflected light of a certain special angle be limited within certain width, has so just completely cut off the entering of parasitic light of diffusing surface outgoing, and the contrast in the visual field is also with regard to corresponding improve.In addition, since may reach its reflector space of reflection ray of observing in the visual field be limited in simultaneously one among a small circle in, make the smaller measured piece of surface of contact when test, the reflected light of non-jewel face is difficult to enter the visual field, especially in the reflected light of the non-jewel face of critical angle visual field more difficult to get access just, also just because of above-mentioned 2 points, this analyzer observed bright-dark cut in the visual field is more clearly than the separatrix of the analyzer of other types.In addition, because the equal outgoing of reflection ray is in the very little zone, a bonding cylindrical lens identical on exit facet with the refractive prism refractive index, the center line on the lens face of cylinder is positioned on the center line of refractive prism workplace, so just overcome the refraction effect of lens type analyzer prism exit facet, enlarged measurement range, thereby reduced because the measuring error that the prism angular error is brought.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is principle of the invention figure;
Fig. 3 is refractive prism refraction principle figure;
Fig. 4 carves chi location map 1;
Fig. 5 is A～θ graph of a relation 1;
Fig. 6 carves chi location map 2;
Fig. 7 is A～θ graph of a relation 2.
Description of reference numerals: connect piece 1, protective cover 2, reflective mirror II3, working plate 4, sliding tie rod 5; eyepiece mount 6, stage clip 7, focusing slide block 8, eye lens 9, polaroid 10; eyepiece hood 11, motherboard 12, reflective mirror I13, back up pad 14, field lens 15; carve chi 16, carve rod support 17, pressure spring 18, cylindrical lens 19, refractive prism 20; reflector 21, dwang 22, color filter 23, tested jewel 24, light source 25; exit facet 26, the plane of incidence 27, shell 28, light hole 29.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples invention is described further:
As shown in the figure; this gemstone refractive index tester; mainly comprise shell 28, eye lens 9 and motherboard 12; shell 28 tops are provided with working plate 4; working plate 4 tops are provided with protective cover 2; tested jewel 24 is placed on the working plate 4, is stamped protective cover 2, and protective cover 2 is fixed on the shell 28 by connecting piece 1.Motherboard 12 is located in the shell 28; motherboard 12 is provided with refractive prism 20; carve chi 16; field lens 15; reflective mirror I13; carving chi 16 is fixed on the rod support 17 at quarter; an end of carving rod support 17 is provided with pressure spring 18; be used for fixing and carve chi 16; refractive prism 20 is a bridge shape; the exit facet 26 of refractive prism 20 is provided with cylindrical lens 19; being provided with back up pad 14 in the shell 28 contacts with motherboard 12; back up pad 14 is provided with reflective mirror II3; reflector 21 and color filter 23, reflective mirror II3 are fixed on the sliding tie rod 5, and color filter 23 is fixed on the dwang 22; eye lens 9 are connected and fixed by eyepiece mount 6 and shell 28; the camera lens place of eye lens 9 is provided with polaroid 10, and eye lens 9 outsides are provided with focusing slide block 8 and stage clip 7 from inside to outside, is used for fixing eye lens 9 and focuses; be with eyepiece hood 11 outside the eyepiece mount 6, play a protective role.Shell 28 is provided with light hole 29, and the position of light hole 29 is corresponding with reflective mirror II3, and light source 25 is incident upon light on the reflective mirror II3 by light hole 29, and light reflexes to by reflective mirror II3 on the plane of incidence 27 of refractive prism 20, and the plane of incidence 27 is a frosting.
Light is produced by light source 25, becomes the frosted plane of incidence 27 that monochromatic light shines refractive prism 20 through color filter 23, and produces diffuse effect.When diffused light projects the contacted interface of refractive prism 20 and tested jewel 24, know by refraction law and total reflection law: when the incident angle θ of light less than critical angle θ 0 ( θ 0 = sin - 1 n n 0 , N is tested gemstone refractive index) time, light reflects at the interface, and when the incident angle of light during greater than θ 0, then on the interface total reflection phenomenon takes place.Refract light enters tested jewel 24, and reflected light then projects by cylindrical lens 19 and carves on the chi 16.Observing system by the back---field lens 15, reflective mirror I13 and eye lens 9 can see that the visual field of band chi 16 at quarter is made up of bright, dark two parts.Wherein bright field is to be formed by total reflection light, and dark field is to be caused by refract light, and the separatrix of light and shade field is determined by θ 0 (critical angle).By this separatrix in the position of carving on the chi 16, the refractive index that just can directly read tested jewel 24.
The refractive index of refractive prism 20 is high more as can be known by the total reflection law, and then testable gemstone refractive index is also high more, so adopt SF57 glass, its refractive index n 0=1.84666
By Fig. 3, can draw the width of a certain angle total reflection light beam
a＝2Hsinθ-Wcosθ (1)
Consider the processing technology factor, get H=1mm, a=2sin θ-Wcos θ
If n 1=1.30 establish a 1≈ 0, and then W ≈ 2, like this n 2=1.82 o'clock, a 2≈ 1.717mm
Known that by Fig. 3 and formula (1) along with the difference of tested jewel 24 refractive indexes, because the restriction of refracting prisms 20 is also different at the width of light beam a of critical angle generation total reflection, and gemstone refractive index is high more, width of light beam a is big more.
Know at critical angle total reflection light beam that by above analysis certain width a is arranged, so this light beam the beam convergence phenomenon can take place during by cylindrical lens 19, shown in the d curved surface among Fig. 4.
Suppose the intermediate value (θ of test specification In62.5 ° of ≈) Dui Ying total reflection light beam convergence is carved chi also with this P ' location, as Fig. 4 in P ' point.I and i ' have following relation:
n 0sini＝sini’ sin i ≈ a 2 R = ( 2 H sin θ - W cos θ ) / 2 R
Since i, the very little i ' ≈ of i ' sin -1[n 0(2Hsin θ-Wsincos θ)/2R]
≈ n 0 2 R ( 2 H sin θ - W cos θ )
By Fig. 4, can draw:
Figure G2009100987012D00042
Figure G2009100987012D00043
Because i ≈ a 2 R i ′ ≈ n 0 a 2 R
So d ≈ R n 0 - 1 - - - ( 2 )
The folded light beam of being learnt all directions by formula (2) becomes one apart from cylindrical lens 19 equidistant cylinders by cylindrical lens 19 post-concentrations, and the center line of this cylinder also is to be positioned on the center line of refractive prism 20 workplaces, and its radius is
Figure G2009100987012D00047
As shown in Figure 4.We get R=17mm, at this moment d=20mm.
As tested gemstone refractive index n 1The minimum θ of=1.30 total reflection angles 1=44.75 °
n 2The maximum θ of=1.82 total reflection angles 2=80.25 °
Carve chi 16 and just be positioned 0 intermediate value 0 In=62.5 °, carve chi 16 as Fig. 5 and on this angle, be tangential on P ' point with the d curved surface.Therefore can find out that light beam has only θ FaceIn the time of=62.5 °, put into sharp image at P ', and all carving disc of confusion of one-tenth on the chi 16 in other directions, it is wide to be A.
With reference to Fig. 4:
Figure G2009100987012D00048
And
Turn to:
Figure G2009100987012D000410
Bring concrete numerical value into:
Figure G2009100987012D000411
Can draw the graph of a relation of A～θ according to following formula, shown in Fig. 5 curve.
From Fig. 5 we can see when θ more than 70 ° the time, the A value increases rapidly with the increase of θ, A reaches 0.145mm and will cause picture very fuzzy during θ=80 °.If can move on to the P position by chi 16 positions of will carving shown in Figure 5, then the A value will be in whole θ angular range in the average all very little permissible value.
When carving chi as can see from Figure 5 and being in the P position, the intersection point (point of A=0 just) of carving chi 16 and curve is near θ=58 ° and θ=77 °, and A ≈ 0.03mm during θ=80 °.
This P position moment chi 16 and d curved surface the 1st intersection point are at θ 1Locate for=58 °, carve chi with θ 1In the time of=58 ° and the intersection point of d curved surface be that initial point rotates the β angle and forms second intersection point and be positioned at θ 2Fig. 6 is seen at the place, θ=80 ° at this moment, and the A=0.03mm (see figure 5) is carved chi again and ° is located to carve chi before and after rotating in θ=80 and shorten x apart from the distance of d curved surface, calculates x=2.53mm.
Then draw rotational angle
Figure G2009100987012D00051
Second intersection point of carving chi and d curved surface has following relation:
Figure G2009100987012D00052
Draw θ 2=76.9 °
Like this, the calculating of A value just can be divided into three sections:
θ＝45°～58°～76.9°～80°
If: three sections respectively with α 1, α 2, α 3Expression, that is:
α 1＝58°-θ θ＜58°
α 2＝θ-58° 58°＜θ＜76.9°
α 3α＝θ-76.9°?θ＞76.9°
Then three sections A values have following relation respectively:
Figure G2009100987012D00053
Figure G2009100987012D00054
Figure G2009100987012D00055
Corresponding A～θ concerns as shown in Figure 7
Determine to carve the optimum position of chi by last analysis.
On the basis of determining in the position of carving chi, we determine the chi at quarter every value.As Fig. 6 should be that basic point is determined every value with the point of the Q in scheming, corresponding θ '=67.5 of Q point °, if the refractive index of tested jewel is n, its pairing total reflection is θ, then its correspondence in carving chi between delineation line and the Q point distance D following relation is arranged:
D＝[(R+d)-Δ]tg(θ-67.5°) (4)
According to formula (4), just can advance to such an extent that carve the making of chi.
The jewel analyzer of the relative other types of gemstone refractive index tester of this invention has that volume is little, and assembling and setting is simple, and measurement range is big, the characteristics that precision is high.The test error of general jewel analyzer is all more than 0.05, and the test error of this instrument is then less than 0.02.
In addition to the implementation, all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of gemstone refractive index tester, mainly comprise shell (28), eye lens (9) and motherboard (12), it is characterized in that: motherboard (12) is located in the shell (28), motherboard (12) is provided with refractive prism (20), carve chi (16), field lens (15) and reflective mirror I (13), refractive prism (20) is a bridge shape, the exit facet (26) of refractive prism (20) is provided with cylindrical lens (19), being provided with back up pad (14) in the shell (28) contacts with motherboard (12), back up pad (14) is provided with reflective mirror II (3), reflector (21) and color filter (23), eye lens (9) are connected and fixed by eyepiece mount (6) and shell (28).
2, gemstone refractive index tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the camera lens place of described eye lens (9) is provided with polaroid (10).
3, gemstone refractive index tester according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described eye lens (9) outside is provided with focusing slide block (8) and stage clip (7) from inside to outside, the outer eyepiece hood (11) that is with of eyepiece mount (6).
4, gemstone refractive index tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described shell (28) top is provided with working plate (4), and working plate (4) top is provided with protective cover (2), and protective cover (2) is fixed on the shell (28) by connecting piece (1).
5, gemstone refractive index tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described chi at quarter (16) is fixed on to be carved on the rod support (17), and an end of carving rod support (17) is provided with pressure spring (18).
6, gemstone refractive index tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described shell (28) is provided with light hole (29), and the position of light hole (29) is corresponding with reflective mirror II (3).
7, gemstone refractive index tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the plane of incidence (27) of described refractive prism (20) is a frosting.
8, gemstone refractive index tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described reflective mirror II (3) is fixed on the sliding tie rod (5), and color filter (23) is fixed on the dwang (22).
CNA2009100987012A 2009-05-12 2009-05-12 A kind of gemstone refractive index tester Pending CN101609045A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105424705A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-23 中国地质大学（武汉） Adjustable gem refractometer
CN108267405A (en) * 2018-03-19 2018-07-10 龚可欣 Gem refractometer fixes swivel mount with jewel
CN110455745A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-11-15 华南师范大学 A kind of method and its application measuring liquid refractivity dispersion

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105424705A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-23 中国地质大学（武汉） Adjustable gem refractometer
CN105424705B (en) * 2015-12-16 2017-11-17 中国地质大学（武汉） A kind of adjustable gem refractometer
CN108267405A (en) * 2018-03-19 2018-07-10 龚可欣 Gem refractometer fixes swivel mount with jewel
CN108267405B (en) * 2018-03-19 2023-11-28 龚可欣 Precious stone fixed rotating frame for precious stone refractometer
CN110455745A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-11-15 华南师范大学 A kind of method and its application measuring liquid refractivity dispersion
CN110455745B (en) * 2019-09-02 2022-05-10 华南师范大学 Method for measuring liquid refractive index dispersion and application thereof

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Open date: 20091223