A kind of charged method of stopping and opening electrolytic tank and used device of carrying out
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of charged used device of method that carries out stopping and opening electrolytic tank, belong to direct current hot line work technical field.
Background technology
In the production of electrolytic aluminum, many electrolyzers are as being to be connected after the series connection on the direct supply of low-voltage and high-current with electrical load.As everyone knows, when series circuit occurred opening circuit when one of them load, other load also can not be worked because of outage.Because the particular requirement of electrolyzer; Need regular one or more electrolyzer being stopped groove overhaul or slot to start;, certain electrolyzer, in the feed circuit of every electrolyzer, is designed with the short-circuit busbar parallelly connected when stopping groove or fluting with electrolyzer in order not influence the works better of other electrolyzer.Short-circuit busbar is realized current switching through the closed and disconnected of column and short-circuit block.Because the power supply of electrolyzer is the direct supply that adopts low-voltage and high-current, in the process of the closed and disconnected of column and short-circuit block, understands the very high electric arc of generate energy even blast.Abnormally dangerous during operation, may cause damage or operator are caused personal injury power-supply unit.
The common traditional method of current switching of realizing has two kinds: a kind of is that the supply current of electrolyzer is reduced to zero, by artificial closed or disconnection short circuit mouth, cries the zero current operation; Another kind be with the supply current of electrolyzer reduce to primary current 1/2 or 1/3 after, be used splitter by artificial closed or break off the short circuit mouth, cry and fall current practice.More than two kinds of methods all have following shortcoming: 1, the closure or the opening operation time of general short-circuit block are 15~30 minutes; Operating period is connected on electrolyzer in the circuit all at no current or fall current status work; Can cause the fluctuation of groove condition behind the electric current recovery electricity; Frequent like this fluctuation of current and with groove in the fluctuation of temperature can greatly influence life-span of cell lining, shortening liner life cycle, even cause the electrolyzer generation bakie accident in the whole series loop; 2, in general the current consumption of electrolyzer is very large, the power load in the suitable medium-sized city of electrolyzer power consumption in series loop sometimes, big load like this, have a power failure continually and switch on very unfavorable to the steady running of electrical network; Also can have a strong impact on the rectifier unit life-span into electrolyzer with electricity; The cost that the energy waste of the cell lining life consumption that causes owing to above reason, the fluctuation of groove condition and rectifier unit life consumption have directly influenced Aluminum Electrolysis Production.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy-to-operate, simple in structure, and under the situation of the normal operation of potline current, carry out the method for stopping and opening electrolytic tank and used device.When this method and device stop groove or fluting at electrolyzer, need not reduce or break off the electrolytic series loop current, avoid of the influence of serial load variations, improve the work-ing life of rectifier unit and electrolyzer simultaneously electrical network.
The present invention realizes like this; A kind of charged method of carrying out stopping and opening electrolytic tank of the present invention is: this method is unclamped the standing bolt of short-circuit block earlier when stopping groove, inserts the replacement of roll adjustment insulcrete with side and is located at the shaped as frame insulcrete between column and the short-circuit block; Between column and short-circuit block, arc-extinguishing commutation switch is installed; After confirming the arc-extinguishing commutation switch closure, column is connected through splitter with short-circuit block with the short-circuit block connector presser through the column connector presser again, extract side then out and insert the roll adjustment insulcrete; With column and the direct short circuit of short-circuit block; And use the bolt secure fixation, and remove arc-extinguishing commutation switch, column connector presser, short-circuit block connector presser and splitter then, so promptly accomplish and stop the groove operation; During fluting, arc-extinguishing commutation switch and variable resistance type shunt device are installed between column and short-circuit block earlier, after the affirmation arc-extinguishing commutation switch closure; Unclamp the standing bolt of short-circuit block, short-circuit block is pulled away from column, insert the shaped as frame insulcrete; And with bolt with shaped as frame insulcrete and short-circuit block fixing after, remove arc-extinguishing commutation switch, the variable resistance type shunt device continues to use; After electrolyzer temperature gos up gradually; Remove the change resistance silk ribbon on the variable resistance type shunt device piecewise, after becoming resistance silk ribbon complete removal, again the variable resistance type shunt device is removed, so promptly accomplish the fluting operation.
In the above-mentioned charged method of carrying out stopping and opening electrolytic tank, described side is inserted the roll adjustment insulcrete and is processed by insulating material, is provided with two parallel locating slots above it, an end opening of locating slot, and the other end sealing of locating slot forms " E " word shape.
In the aforesaid charged method of carrying out stopping and opening electrolytic tank; Described arc-extinguishing commutation switch comprises static contact and moving contact; Static contact and moving contact are enclosed in the cease spark cover; Moving contact is connected with magnetic pushing mechanism on being installed in cease spark cover, and the magnetic pushing mechanism is controlled the closed of dynamic and static contact through controlling box and turn-offed.
In the aforesaid charged method of carrying out stopping and opening electrolytic tank; Be respectively equipped with anchor clamps and flow deflector on described column connector presser and the short-circuit block connector presser; Anchor clamps on the column are connected with column, and the anchor clamps on the short-circuit block are connected with short-circuit block, between two flow deflectors, connect with splitter.
In the aforesaid charged method of carrying out stopping and opening electrolytic tank, the change resistance silk ribbon of said variable resistance type shunt device is to have the change resistance silk ribbon that the material of PTC is processed; The temperature that rigidly connects fashionable change resistance silk ribbon is low, and the resistance that becomes the resistance silk ribbon is little, and is big to the shunting action of electric current; As time goes on, become the resistance silk ribbon under the heat effect effect of electric current, temperature raises gradually, and the resistance that becomes the resistance silk ribbon also increases gradually, and the shunting action of electric current is reduced gradually; Play the effect of automatic adjustment partial current.
Chargedly carry out the charged device that carries out stopping and opening electrolytic tank used in the method for stopping and opening electrolytic tank and be according to aforesaid: it comprises that side inserts roll adjustment insulation board, arc-extinguishing commutation switch, column connector presser, short-circuit block connector presser and the soft band of one or more than one variable resistor; Side is inserted the roll adjustment insulation board and is inserted between column and the short-circuit block; Arc-extinguishing commutation switch and be connected in column and short-circuit block between; The column connector presser is connected with column, and the short-circuit block connector presser is connected with short-circuit block, and the soft band of variable resistor is connected between column connector presser and the short-circuit block connector presser.
In the above-mentioned charged device that carries out stopping and opening electrolytic tank, described side insert the roll adjustment insulcrete it by a model be 3240 or the epoxy novolac of the N350 insulcrete of pressing glass-cloth board to process constitute; Insulcrete is provided with two parallel locating slots, an end opening of locating slot, and the other end sealing of locating slot forms " E " word shape; Article two, the spacing of two row insulation coverings is corresponding on the spacing of locating slot and the short-circuit block; Insulcrete is provided with handle hole.
In the aforesaid charged device that carries out stopping and opening electrolytic tank, described arc-extinguishing commutation switch comprises the static contact pedestal, and the static contact pedestal is provided with quiet main contact and quiet arc contact; The edge of static contact pedestal is connected with the edge of cease spark cover; The crimping face of static contact pedestal is positioned at outside the cease spark cover, and is higher than the cease spark cover plane; Static contact pedestal and cease spark cover are provided with the crimping hole; On the relative cease spark cover of static contact pedestal, the magnetic pushing mechanism is installed, the catch bar of magnetic pushing mechanism stretches in the cease spark cover, on catch bar, is hinged with auricle, and auricle is provided with moving main contact and moving arcing contact; Be connected with splitter on the moving main contact, the other end of splitter is provided with pressing plate, and pressing plate is provided with connecting hole.
In the aforesaid charged device that carries out stopping and opening electrolytic tank, described column connector presser comprises clamping plate and flow deflector; The cross-sectional shape of clamping plate is for falling " F " shape, and clamping plate are provided with one or more dividing plate, and dividing plate is separated into two or more clip slots with clamping plate along its length; Clip slot is provided with thrust screw, has plate hole in the clip slot; Flow deflector be shaped as " L " shape, at " L " one side shape have a groove more than or, one side at the two or more groove pressing plates of forming of flow deflector; Groove pressing plate on the flow deflector is through in the plate hole on the clamping plate; The two ends of clamping plate are provided with open hole; Described short-circuit block connector presser comprises anchor clamps and short circuit flow deflector; The cross-sectional shape of anchor clamps is " door " font; The cross-sectional shape of short circuit flow deflector is " L " shape; Wherein side weld of anchor clamps one side and short circuit flow deflector is connected together, and another limit of short circuit flow deflector is provided with one or more crimping stations, and the anchor clamps two ends are respectively equipped with threaded hole; Also be provided with threaded hole on each crimping stations of short circuit flow deflector, be rotary with trip bolt in the threaded hole.
In the aforesaid charged device that carries out stopping and opening electrolytic tank, VR is soft is with 5 to comprise and become the resistance silk ribbon, become the resistance silk ribbon and process becoming the resistance silk ribbon with material with PTC, two ends be provided with the crimping plate, wherein the crimping plate of an end is provided with connecting hole.
Compared with prior art; The present invention is in stopping groove or grooving process; Because between column and short-circuit block and connected arc-extinguishing commutation switch, can reduce the electromotive force of column and short-circuit block and the electric current by column and short-circuit block greatly, guaranteed that column and short-circuit block can not produce the electric arc that endangers personal and device security when carrying out closure or disconnection; Be that hot line job becomes possibility; The present invention be owing to need not have a power failure and carry out the switching of electrolytic cell elsewhere, so avoid electrolytic series current fluctuation and power network fluctuation fully, can improve Rectification Power Factor and electrolytic cell service life simultaneously.The present invention also has easy to operate, and characteristic of simple structure is installed the operating habit that meets aluminium manufacturer.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a method principle schematic of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is structural representations that side is inserted the roll adjustment insulcrete among the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 is synoptic diagram of arc-extinguishing commutation switch among the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 4 is synoptic diagram of central post connector presser of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 5 is side-views of accompanying drawing 4;
Accompanying drawing 6 is synoptic diagram of flow deflector among the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 7 is synoptic diagram of short-circuit block connector presser among the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 8 is vertical views of accompanying drawing 7;
Accompanying drawing 9 is synoptic diagram of the soft band of VR among the present invention.
Being labeled as in the accompanying drawing: the 1-side is inserted roll adjustment insulcrete, 2-arc-extinguishing commutation switch, 3-column connector presser, 4-short-circuit block connector presser, the soft band of 5-VR, 6-column, 7-short-circuit block; The 8-insulcrete, 9-locating slot, 10-insulation covering, 11-handle hole, 12-static contact pedestal, the quiet main contact of 13-, 14-quiet arc contact; The 15-cease spark cover, 16-crimping face, 17-crimping hole, 18-magnetic pushing mechanism, the 19-catch bar, the 20-auricle, 21-moves main contact; The 22-moving arcing contact, the soft band of 23-, 24-pressing plate, 25-connecting hole, 26-clamping plate, 27-flow deflector, 28-dividing plate; The 29-clip slot, 30-thrust screw, 31-plate hole, 32-groove, 33-groove pressing plate, 34-open hole, 35-anchor clamps; 36-short circuit flow deflector, the 37-crimping stations, the 38-threaded hole, 39-trip bolt, 40-become resistance silk ribbon, 41-crimping plate.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention: a kind of charged method of carrying out stopping and opening electrolytic tank of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1.This method is unclamped the standing bolt of short-circuit block earlier when stopping groove, insert the replacement of roll adjustment insulcrete with side and be located at the shaped as frame insulcrete between column and the short-circuit block; It is as shown in Figure 2 that side is inserted the roll adjustment insulcrete; It is processed by insulating material, is provided with two parallel locating slots above it, an end opening of locating slot; The other end sealing of locating slot forms " E " word shape.Between column and short-circuit block, arc-extinguishing commutation switch is installed; Arc-extinguishing commutation switch is as shown in Figure 3; It comprises static contact and moving contact; Static contact and moving contact are enclosed in the cease spark cover, and moving contact is connected with magnetic pushing mechanism on being installed in cease spark cover, and the magnetic pushing mechanism is controlled the closed of dynamic and static contact through controlling box and turn-offed.After confirming the arc-extinguishing commutation switch closure; With the short-circuit block connector presser column is connected column connector presser such as Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, short-circuit block connector presser such as Fig. 7 and shown in Figure 6 again through splitter with short-circuit block through the column connector presser; Be respectively equipped with anchor clamps and short circuit flow deflector on column connector presser and the short-circuit block connector presser; Anchor clamps on the column are connected with column, and the anchor clamps on the short-circuit block are connected with short-circuit block, between two flow deflectors, connect with splitter.After connecting above-mentioned device, extract side out and insert the roll adjustment insulcrete, with column and the direct short circuit of short-circuit block, and use the bolt secure fixation, remove arc-extinguishing commutation switch, column connector presser, short-circuit block connector presser and splitter then, accomplish and stop the groove operation; During fluting; Arc-extinguishing commutation switch and variable resistance type shunt device are installed between column and short-circuit block earlier; The variable resistance type shunt device is made up of column connector presser, short-circuit block connector presser and change resistance silk ribbon; It is as shown in Figure 9 to become the resistance silk ribbon, becomes the resistance silk ribbon and is connected between column connector presser and the short-circuit block connector presser.Become the resistance silk ribbon and be the change resistance silk ribbon that material with PTC is processed; The temperature that rigidly connects fashionable change resistance silk ribbon is low, and the resistance that becomes the resistance silk ribbon is little, and is big to the shunting action of electric current; As time goes on, become the resistance silk ribbon under the heat effect effect of electric current, temperature raises gradually, and the resistance that becomes the resistance silk ribbon also increases gradually, and the shunting action of electric current is reduced gradually; Play the effect of automatic adjustment partial current.After confirming the arc-extinguishing commutation switch closure, unclamp the standing bolt of short-circuit block, short-circuit block is pulled away from column; Insert the shaped as frame insulcrete, and with bolt with shaped as frame insulcrete and short-circuit block fixing after, the dismounting arc-extinguishing commutation switch; The variable resistance type shunt device continues to use, and after electrolyzer temperature gos up gradually, removes the change resistance silk ribbon on the variable resistance type shunt device piecewise; After becoming resistance silk ribbon complete removal, again the variable resistance type shunt device is removed, accomplished the fluting operation.
The charged device that carries out stopping and opening electrolytic tank as shown in Figure 1, it comprises that side inserts that roll adjustment insulation board 1, arc-extinguishing commutation switch 2, column connector presser 3, short-circuit block connector presser 4 and one or more than one variable resistor are soft is with 5; Side is inserted roll adjustment insulation board 1 and is inserted between column 6 and the short-circuit block 7; Arc-extinguishing commutation switch 2 and be connected in column 6 and short-circuit block 7 between; Column connector presser 3 is connected with column 6, and short-circuit block connector presser 4 is connected with short-circuit block 7, and variable resistor is soft is with 5 to be connected between column connector presser 3 and the short-circuit block connector presser 4.
It is as shown in Figure 2 that side is inserted the roll adjustment insulcrete, it by a model be 3240 or the epoxy novolac of the N350 insulcrete 8 of pressing glass-cloth board to process constitute; Insulcrete 8 is provided with two parallel locating slots 9, an end opening of locating slot 9, and the other end sealing of locating slot 9 forms " E " word shape; Article two, the spacing of two row insulation coverings 10 is corresponding on the spacing of locating slot 9 and the short-circuit block 7; Insulcrete 8 is provided with handle hole 11.
Arc-extinguishing commutation switch is as shown in Figure 3, and it comprises static contact pedestal 12, and static contact pedestal 12 is provided with quiet main contact 13 and quiet arc contact 14; The edge of static contact pedestal 12 is connected with the edge of cease spark cover 15; The crimping face 16 of static contact pedestal 12 is positioned at outside the cease spark cover 15, and is higher than cease spark cover 15 planes; Static contact pedestal 12 is provided with crimping hole 17 with cease spark cover 15; On the relative cease spark cover 15 of static contact pedestal 12, magnetic pushing mechanism 18 is installed, the catch bar 19 of magnetic pushing mechanism 18 stretches in the cease spark cover 15, on catch bar 19, is hinged with auricle 20, and auricle 20 is provided with moving main contact 21 and moving arcing contact 22; Be connected with splitter 23 on the moving main contact 21, the other end of splitter 23 is provided with pressing plate 24, and pressing plate 24 is provided with connecting hole 25.
Column connector presser such as Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, it comprises clamping plate 26 and flow deflector 27, the cross-sectional shape of clamping plate 26 is for falling " F " shape; Clamping plate 26 are provided with one or more dividing plate 28; Dividing plate is separated into two or more clip slots 29 with clamping plate 26 along its length, and clip slot 29 is provided with thrust screw 30, has plate hole 31 in the clip slot 29; Flow deflector 27 be shaped as " L " shape; Have the groove 32 more than or on one side of " L " shape, one side, the groove pressing plate 33 on the flow deflector 27 is through in the plate hole 31 on the clamping plate 26 at the two or more groove pressing plates 33 of forming of flow deflector 27; The two ends of clamping plate 26 are provided with open hole 34.
Short-circuit block connector presser such as Fig. 7 and shown in Figure 8; It comprises anchor clamps 35 and short circuit flow deflector 36; The cross-sectional shape of anchor clamps 35 is " door " font, and the cross-sectional shape of short circuit flow deflector 36 is " L " shape, and wherein side weld of anchor clamps 35 1 sides and short circuit flow deflector 36 is connected together; Another limit of short circuit flow deflector 36 is provided with one or more crimping stations 37; Anchor clamps 35 two ends are respectively equipped with threaded hole 38, also are provided with threaded hole 38 on each crimping stations 37 of short circuit flow deflector 36, are rotary with trip bolt 39 in the threaded hole 38.
VR is soft to be with as shown in Figure 9ly, and it comprises and become resistance silk ribbon 40, become the material that resistance silk ribbons 40 usefulness have PTC and process becoming resistance silk ribbon 40, two ends be provided with crimping plate 41, wherein the crimping plate 41 of an end is provided with connecting hole 25.