CN101608252A - The 2Cr13 thermal treatment process - Google Patents
The 2Cr13 thermal treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN101608252A CN101608252A CNA2008100119015A CN200810011901A CN101608252A CN 101608252 A CN101608252 A CN 101608252A CN A2008100119015 A CNA2008100119015 A CN A2008100119015A CN 200810011901 A CN200810011901 A CN 200810011901A CN 101608252 A CN101608252 A CN 101608252A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to reciprocation compressor with 2Cr13 piston rod thermal treatment process field, be applicable to that all reciprocation compressors adopt 2Cr13 piston rod thermal treatment process, also can be applicable to require the toughness height, need the heat treated mechanical means in postorder surface.The present invention can solve that the 2Cr13 piston rod adopts that impelling strength that prior heat treatment produces is low, the distortion of longaxones parts high-frequency quenching greatly, problem such as hardening crack and workpiece unrelieved stress be big.The present invention includes the 2Cr13 piston rod forging forming, withdraw from a secret society or underworld gang, modified, stabilization, intermediate frequency or high-frequency quenching and low-temperaturetempering; Adopting this technology, can prevent shortcomings such as the unrelieved stress that prior heat treatment process exists can't be eliminated, the high-frequency quenching workpiece distortion is serious fully, is the desirable thermal treatment process of long-axle workpieces.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to reciprocation compressor with 2Cr13 material heat treatment process field, be applicable to that all reciprocation compressors adopt 2Cr13 piston rod thermal treatment process; Also can be applicable to require toughness height, the strict mechanical means component of distortion.
Background technology
At present, reciprocation compressor comprises thermal treatment process such as forging forming, annealing, modified, stress-removal, high-frequency quenching and low-temperaturetempering with 2Cr13 piston rod thermal treatment process, through the 2Cr13 of prior heat treatment material, impelling strength is low, does not often reach technical requirements.Former stress-removal temperature is 350 ℃ of insulations 6 hours, can not eliminate stress fully, produces very big distortion when making postorder high frequency or intermediate frequency process, causes the workpiece fusing and scraps.When adopting the water-cooled hard surfacing, easy hardening crack.And when adopting air cooling, have the insufficient problem of hardness, generally can only reach about HRC45.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned conventional art, a kind of reciprocation compressor 2Cr 13 thermal treatment process are provided, problems such as crackle, the surface hardening hardness that solution 2Cr13 piston rod adopts conventional surface thermal treatment to be produced is low, poor toughness.Technology of the present invention can improve 2Cr13 piston rod surface hardness and reach more than the HRC50, and wear resistance improves 15%, and toughness improves more than 10%.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
With 2Cr 13 material forging formings, annealing, modified, stress-removal, intermediate frequency or high-frequency quenching and low-temperature tempering heat treatment.Key step is as follows:
(1) with 2Cr13 material forging forming.
(2) annealing: the 2Cr13 material is placed resistance furnace internal heating to 860 ℃ ± 10 ℃ insulation 2～4 hours, and stove is chilled to 350 ℃ and comes out of the stove or stove is chilled to 750 ℃ ± 10 ℃, and the air cooling of coming out of the stove is to room temperature.
(3) carry out modifier treatment after the mechanical roughing, resistance furnace internal heating to 960 ℃～980 ℃ insulation 2～5 hours, the oil cooling to 150 ℃ of coming out of the stove～200 ℃, fuel-displaced air cooling is to room temperature; Change tempering stove internal heating to 660 ℃～690 ℃ insulation 2.5～6.5 hours again over to, the air cooling of coming out of the stove is to room temperature.
(4) carry out 3～5 hours stress-removals of 580 ℃～590 ℃ insulations after the semi-finishing and handle, the cold or air cooling of stove is to room temperature; 0.60～0.90 millimeter of corase grind allowance.
(5) carry out intermediate frequency or high-frequency quenching after the corase grind processing and handle, induction heating to 1000 ℃～1020 ℃ adopts 0.05～0.6MPa blast injection to cool off, and 1.5～2.5 millimeters of hardened depths carry out alignment and handle after the quenching; Then, 200 ℃～220 ℃ tempering, soaking time 1～2 hour, the air cooling of coming out of the stove is to room temperature, more than the hardness HRC50.
Described pressurized air is the high pressure gas after the compressed machine compression of air, also can adopt the high pressure nitrogen shower cooling; Compressed-air actuated pressure is 0.05～0.6MPa.
Technology of the present invention compared with prior art has following technique effect:
1, improves surface hardness and wear resistance, reduce producing quenching crack.With 2Cr 13 materials of art breading of the present invention, the surface hardness value reaches more than the HRC50, and surperficial layer depth reaches more than 1.5 millimeters.Tradition induction-hardened surface hardness value is only about HRC45; What the tradition induction-hardened surface formed is the quenched martensite tissue, uses through low-temperaturetempering; If adopt dry quenching, there is about 15% ferrite in the hardened layer metallographic structure, so hardness is low; Adopt the hydrojet cooling if be heated to 1000 ℃～1020 ℃, there is stealthy quenching crack danger in the Heating temperature height or directly cracks; Because the present invention has adopted pressurized air to carry out hard surfacing, can avoid stealthy quenching crack or the directly generation of crackle, and can bring up to hardness more than the HRC50; Owing to improved surperficial hardened layer hardness, therefore also improved wear resistance more than 15% (table 1).
2, adopt 3～5 hours air coolings of 580 ℃～590 ℃ insulations or the cold stabilization process of stove, the 2Cr13 steel does not have tangible toughness downtrending (table 3); Stabilization process adopts air cooling or stove cold, and when important reasons was modified preface, the present invention adopted 2～5 hours quenching technologys of 960 ℃～980 ℃ insulations, and this temperature is in the intercritical hardening district of 2Cr13 steel; An evident characteristic of intercritical hardening promptly is to improve the low-temperature impact toughness of various steel.Obtained the superfine little residual austenite tissue that small-amount free ferrite+martensite+disperse distributes behind the intercritical hardening; Detrimental impurity such as P, Sn, Sb, As concentrate on the ferrite intracrystalline, and can not separate out on original austenite crystal prevention, and superfine little austenite makes crack propagation become difficult, thereby make the impelling strength of 2Cr13 steel obviously not reduce (table 3); Adopt 580 ℃～590 ℃ 3～5 hours air coolings of insulation or the cold stabilization process of stove, fully eliminated various stress such as machining stress, therefore when high frequency or medium frequency quenching, can guarantee the amount of distortion of workpiece.(table 4)
3, to behind the 2Cr13 piston rod employing Ya Wenre treatment technology, workpiece toughness index ballistic work improves more than 10% (table 2); Owing to adopted intercritical hardening, produced a small amount of tiny acicular ferrite, be distributed in the residual austenite intragranular, like this, detrimental impurity such as P, Sn, Sb, As concentrate on the ferrite intracrystalline, in the formation " grain boundary effect " that distributes alternately of the tiny acicular ferrite of austenite crystal inside and needle-like austenite, weakened of the distribution of the brittle impurity element of deleterious promotion, thereby lowered the fragility tendency at original austenite crystal prevention; The temperature of intercritical hardening is much lower than the conventional quenching temperature, so just suppress growing up of crystal grain, can not form thick residual austenite crystal grain after the quenching, increased the surface-area of crystal boundary, interfacial energy also just is greatly improved, and the foreign matter content in the unit surface also just reduces naturally; When brittle failure, just need very high energy, the fragility performance is also just not obvious; By mechanism as can be known, temper brittleness is a process that is subjected to diffusion control, and producing temper brittleness in other words must just can show under considerable time insulation situation; As can be seen from Figure 1, at room temperature the toughness index Schwellenwert need be incubated nearly 100 hours in the embrittlement temperature interval, and the present invention adopts 580 ℃～590 ℃ 3～5 hours air coolings of insulation or the cold stabilization process of stove, is (as table 3) that the AKu value is significantly decreased.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be the Cr steel in the temper brittleness temperature the AKu value and tempering time concern synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a metallograph after intercritical hardening, the 670 ℃ of tempering;
Fig. 3 is a metallograph after the 0.2MPa compressed air quenching.
Embodiment
Thermal treatment process of the present invention is that the 2Cr13 piston rod is placed resistance furnace internal heating to 860 ℃ ± 10 ℃ insulation 2～4 hours, and stove is chilled to 350 ℃ and comes out of the stove or stove is chilled to 750 ± 10 ℃ of air coolings of coming out of the stove to room temperature.Carry out modifier treatment after the mechanical workout, resistance furnace internal heating to 960 ℃～980 ℃ insulation 2～5 hours, the oil cooling to 150 ℃ of coming out of the stove～200 ℃, fuel-displaced air cooling is to room temperature; Change tempering stove internal heating to 660 ℃～690 ℃ insulation 2.5～6.5 hours again over to, the air cooling of coming out of the stove is to room temperature; Carry out 3～5 hours stress-removals of 580 ℃～590 ℃ insulations after the semi-finishing and handle, the cold or air cooling of stove is to room temperature; 0.60～0.90 millimeter of corase grind allowance; Carry out intermediate frequency or high-frequency quenching and handle, induction heating to 1000 ℃～1020 ℃ adopts pressure in the cooling of 0.05～0.6MPa blast injection, and 1.5～2.5 millimeters of hardened depths carry out alignment and handle after the quenching; Then, 200 ℃～220 ℃ tempering, soaking time 1～2 hour, the air cooling of coming out of the stove is to room temperature, more than the hardness HRC50.
Operational path of the present invention:
Forging and pressing-annealing-roughing-modified-semi-finishing-stress-removal-corase grind-intermediate frequency or high-frequency quenching-tempering-precision work
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment concrete steps are as follows:
(1) conventional forging and pressing;
(2) annealing: 860 ℃ ± 10 ℃ are incubated 2 hours, and stove is chilled to 350 ℃ of air coolings of coming out of the stove to room temperature;
(3) conventional machining;
(4) modifier treatment: 960 ℃ of insulations 2.5 hours, the oil cooling to 150 ℃ of coming out of the stove, fuel-displaced air cooling change tempering stove internal heating to 660 ℃ insulation 3 hours over to room temperature, and the air cooling of coming out of the stove is to room temperature;
(5) conventional semi-finishing: generally be used for the part geometry tolerance when higher, in order to stay the cutting of less process redundancy to precision work, can require and the work material characteristics be used flexibly according to part tolerance;
(6) stress-removal is handled: 3 hours stress-removal of 580 ℃～590 ℃ insulations is handled, and stove is chilled to room temperature;
(7) conventional corase grind;
(8) high-frequency quenching is handled: induction heating to 1000 ℃ jet compression air quenching;
(10) temper: 200 ℃ of tempering, soaking time 1 hour;
(11) conventional precision work.
1.5～2 millimeters of the hardened depths of process quench treatment are more than the hardness HRC50 after the Combined Processing.
The frictional wear data that table 1. sample records under concrete test conditions
Table 2. is through the ballistic work (unit: J) of differing temps quenching and tempering
| Sequence number | 1020 ℃ * 2 hours oil cooling+670 ℃ * 3 hours air coolings | 960 ℃ * 2 hours oil cooling+660 ℃ * 3 hours air coolings |
| ??1 | ??59 | ??68 |
| ??2 | ??60 | ??67 |
| ??3 | ??58 | ??70 |
| ??4 | ??61 | ??69 |
| ??5 | ??57 | ??70 |
| On average | ??59 | ??68.8 |
Numerical value in the table 2 is under the room temperature and records.
Table 3. is through the ballistic work (unit: J) of modified and different stabilizing treatment
Ballistic work in the table 3 is numerical value under the room temperature.
Table 4. adopts the deflection (unit: mm) after the high medium frequency quenching of different stabilizing treatment
Fig. 1 be the Cr steel in the temper brittleness temperature the AKu value and tempering time concern synoptic diagram; Wherein, X-coordinate is hour that ordinate zou is ballistic work (J).Fig. 2 is a metallograph (500 times) after intercritical hardening, the 670 ℃ of tempering; Fig. 3 is metallograph after the 0.2MPa compressed air quenching (500 times).
Embodiment 2
Difference from Example 1 is:
(1) conventional forging and pressing;
(2) annealing: 860 ℃ ± 10 ℃ are incubated 3 hours, and stove is chilled to 750 ℃ ± 10 ℃, and the air cooling of coming out of the stove is to room temperature;
(3) conventional machining;
(4) modifier treatment: 970 ℃ of insulations 3.5 hours, the oil cooling to 175 ℃ of coming out of the stove, fuel-displaced air cooling change tempering stove internal heating to 675 ℃ insulation 4.5 hours over to room temperature, and the air cooling of coming out of the stove is to room temperature;
(5) conventional semi-finishing: generally be used for the part geometry tolerance when higher, in order to stay the cutting of less process redundancy to precision work, can require and the work material characteristics be used flexibly according to part tolerance;
(6) stress-removal is handled: 4 hours stress-removal of 580 ℃～590 ℃ insulations is handled, and stove is chilled to room temperature;
(7) conventional corase grind;
(8) high-frequency quenching is handled: induction heating to 1010 ℃ jet compression air quenching;
(10) temper: 210 ℃ of tempering, soaking time 1.5 hours;
(11) conventional precision work.
2～2.5 millimeters of the hardened depths of process quench treatment are more than the hardness HRC50 after the Combined Processing.
Embodiment 3
(1) conventional forging and pressing;
(2) annealing: 860 ℃ ± 10 ℃ are incubated 4 hours, and stove is chilled to 750 ℃ ± 10 ℃, and the air cooling of coming out of the stove is to room temperature;
(3) conventional machining;
(4) modifier treatment: 980 ℃ of insulations 5 hours, the oil cooling to 200 ℃ of coming out of the stove, fuel-displaced air cooling change tempering stove internal heating to 690 ℃ insulation 6.5 hours over to room temperature, and the air cooling of coming out of the stove is to room temperature;
(5) conventional semi-finishing: generally be used for the part geometry tolerance when higher, in order to stay the cutting of less process redundancy to precision work, can require and the work material characteristics be used flexibly according to part tolerance;
(6) stress-removal is handled: 5 hours stress-removal of 580 ℃～590 ℃ insulations is handled, and stove is chilled to room temperature;
(7) conventional corase grind;
(8) high-frequency quenching is handled: induction heating to 1020 ℃ jet compression air quenching;
(10) temper: 220 ℃ of tempering, soaking time 2 hours;
(11) conventional precision work.
1.5～2.5 millimeters of the hardened depths of process quench treatment are more than the hardness HRC50 after the Combined Processing.
Sample result shows, adopts thermal treatment process of the present invention, can solve problems such as crackle, sclerosis hardness that the 2Cr13 piston rod adopts conventional surface thermal treatment to be produced are low, poor impact toughness.The present invention can prevent fully that traditional high-frequency quenching from producing quenching crack, improves surface hardness and reaches more than the HRC50, improves wear resistance 15%, and toughness improves more than 10%.
Experiment showed, that the present invention not only can be used on the piston rod, and can be used in all and adopt 2Cr13 materials, require on the strict mechanical component of hardness height, impelling strength height, distortion.
Claims (6)
1. 2Cr13 thermal treatment process, it is characterized in that: this technology may further comprise the steps:
(1) forging forming of 2Cr13 material;
(2) modifier treatment of 2Cr13 material, 960 ℃～980 ℃ insulations 2～5 hours, the oil cooling to 150 ℃ of coming out of the stove～200 ℃, fuel-displaced air cooling is to room temperature; Carry out 660 ℃～690 ℃ tempering 2.5～6.5 hours again, the air cooling of coming out of the stove is to room temperature;
(3) after the mechanical workout 2Cr13 material is carried out surperficial intermediate frequency or high-frequency quenching, induction heating to 1000 ℃～1020 ℃ adopts pressurized air to carry out shower cooling.
2. by the described 2Cr13 thermal treatment process of claim 1, it is characterized in that: 1.5～2.5 millimeters of the hardened depths of process quench treatment, more than the hardness HRC50 after the Combined Processing.
3. by the described 2Cr13 thermal treatment process of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (2), before the modifier treatment, carry out anneal, 860 ℃ ± 10 ℃ insulations 2～4 hours, stove was chilled to 750 ℃ ± 10 ℃, and the air cooling of coming out of the stove is to room temperature.
4. by the described 2Cr13 thermal treatment process of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (3), after the mechanical workout, can carry out stress-removal and handle: 580 ℃～590 ℃ insulations 3～5 hours, the cold or air cooling of stove is to room temperature.
5. by the described 2Cr13 thermal treatment process of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (3), carry out alignment behind intermediate frequency or the high-frequency quenching, carry out 200 ℃～220 ℃ temper again, soaking time 1～2 hour, the air cooling of coming out of the stove is to room temperature.
6. by the described 2Cr13 piston rod of claim 1 thermal treatment process, it is characterized in that in step (3), quenching medium is that 0.05～0.6MPa pressurized air carries out shower cooling.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101928911A (en) * | 2010-08-02 | 2010-12-29 | 青岛张氏机械有限公司 | Heat treatment production line device of piston rod |
| CN102146509A (en) * | 2010-11-20 | 2011-08-10 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Process for reducing fracture topography transition temperature of X20Cr13 blade |
| CN102199700A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-09-28 | 常熟市异型钢管有限公司 | Heat treatment method for special drilling rod with non-through hole in end part and device |
| CN102586583A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-18 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Heat treatment process for free forging die for medium carbon steel |
| CN102618701A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-08-01 | 西宁特殊钢股份有限公司 | Treatment method for replacing quenching and tempering through high-temperature tempering after 2Cr13 steel controlled rolling and cooling |
| CN103820623A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-28 | 李彬 | Heat treatment process of 42CrMoE piston rod |
| CN103834773A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2014-06-04 | 大连经济技术开发区圣洁真空技术开发有限公司 | Metal quenching method |
| CN103834774A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2014-06-04 | 大连经济技术开发区圣洁真空技术开发有限公司 | 2Cr13 heat treatment method |
| CN105950837A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-09-21 | 安徽省瑞杰锻造有限责任公司 | Annealing technology of 2Cr13 |
| CN105969945A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-09-28 | 溧阳市金昆锻压有限公司 | Quenching and high temperature tempering process of 20Cr13 middle piece for pump |
| CN110760654A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-07 | 沈阳航天新光集团有限公司 | Quenching process method of martensitic stainless steel |
| CN111455141A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-28 | 重庆派斯克刀具制造股份有限公司 | High-frequency quenching and air cooling process for branch breaking cutter |
| CN113249552A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-13 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Quenching and tempering heat treatment process for improving flaw detection clutter of 2Cr13 rotor |
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2008
- 2008-06-18 CN CNA2008100119015A patent/CN101608252A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101928911A (en) * | 2010-08-02 | 2010-12-29 | 青岛张氏机械有限公司 | Heat treatment production line device of piston rod |
| CN102146509A (en) * | 2010-11-20 | 2011-08-10 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Process for reducing fracture topography transition temperature of X20Cr13 blade |
| CN102199700A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-09-28 | 常熟市异型钢管有限公司 | Heat treatment method for special drilling rod with non-through hole in end part and device |
| CN102199700B (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-09-19 | 常熟市异型钢管有限公司 | Heat treatment method for special drilling rod with non-through hole in end part and device |
| CN102618701A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-08-01 | 西宁特殊钢股份有限公司 | Treatment method for replacing quenching and tempering through high-temperature tempering after 2Cr13 steel controlled rolling and cooling |
| CN102586583A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-18 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Heat treatment process for free forging die for medium carbon steel |
| CN103820623A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-28 | 李彬 | Heat treatment process of 42CrMoE piston rod |
| CN103834773A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2014-06-04 | 大连经济技术开发区圣洁真空技术开发有限公司 | Metal quenching method |
| CN103834774A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2014-06-04 | 大连经济技术开发区圣洁真空技术开发有限公司 | 2Cr13 heat treatment method |
| CN103834774B (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2016-06-15 | 大连经济技术开发区圣洁真空技术开发有限公司 | A kind of 2Cr13 heat treatment method |
| CN105969945A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-09-28 | 溧阳市金昆锻压有限公司 | Quenching and high temperature tempering process of 20Cr13 middle piece for pump |
| CN105950837A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-09-21 | 安徽省瑞杰锻造有限责任公司 | Annealing technology of 2Cr13 |
| CN110760654A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-07 | 沈阳航天新光集团有限公司 | Quenching process method of martensitic stainless steel |
| CN111455141A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-28 | 重庆派斯克刀具制造股份有限公司 | High-frequency quenching and air cooling process for branch breaking cutter |
| CN113249552A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-13 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Quenching and tempering heat treatment process for improving flaw detection clutter of 2Cr13 rotor |
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Open date: 20091223 |