CN101603971A - Flow speed measurer and measuring method during trace flows - Google Patents

Abstract

Flow speed measurer during trace flows is applied to oil recovery microcosmic flowing experiment.Feature is: horizontal fixed has three sections micro speed measurement tube at least on fixed head, and an end of first section micro speed measurement tube connects source line.The other end first section micro speed measurement tube connects threeway, and the vertical end of threeway is connected with and adds the slug pipeline.The other end level of threeway is connected with second section micro speed measurement tube.Along second section micro speed measurement tube and at the other scale that is fixed with of second section micro speed measurement tube.The other end second section micro speed measurement tube is connected with bend pipe and micro speed measurement tube.In the end the end of one section micro speed measurement tube connects discharge pipe.Effect is: the percolation flow velocity of fluid in the energy quantitative measurment microvisual model.Can not only carry out quantification to the seepage flow instantaneous velocity in the microvisual model, and realize under condition of high voltage, percolation flow velocity being measured, improve the measuring accuracy of microvisual model displacement test.

Description

Flow speed measurer and measuring method during trace flows

Technical field

The present invention relates to oil and improve flow metering technical field in the recovery ratio microcosmic flowing experiment, Flow speed measurer and measuring method during particularly a kind of trace flows.

Background technology

Along with the oil-field development scale enlarges and the research intensification, improve the attention that recovery efficiency technique research more and more is subjected to the oil worker.In improving recovery efficiency technique research, the physical model displacement test is the most important technological means of evaluating chemical oil displacement agent performance.The simulated experiment result who obtains on macroscopic view or microphysics model (as: pressure, recovery ratio data etc.) wherein determines the important evidence of chemical flooding mining site embodiment especially.Owing to the microphysics model can be clear, observe the flow performance of fluid and analyze remaining oil distribution and gain great popularity intuitively.Yet (order of magnitude is 10 because the volume of voids of microphysics model is less ^-5L), channel diameter is a micron order, and displacing velocity is slower, is difficult to accurately measure the flow rate of liquid in the microphysics model; In addition, when utilization microphysics model was tested, the frictional head loss in the parts such as the associated line of microphysics model, joint and valve affected greatly the percolation flow velocity in the microphysics model.Therefore, the percolation flow velocity of chemical agent in the microscopic void medium is difficult to accurate measurement, influences the simulated experiment result.

At present, the measurement means that utilizes the microphysics model to carry out miniflow speed is a weight method: weight method is under condition of normal pressure, uses the mass change of per mille sensibility reciprocal electronic balance measurement model, by the mean value of metering Time Calculation flow velocity.This kind method requires flow velocity can not cross low 0.1ml/min, and can only measure the mean value of seepage flow flow velocity, can not measure instantaneous velocity.In addition, in process of the test Zhong Shui, oil or chemical agent vaporization loss, the problem of the low flow velocity of water, oil or chemical agent causes being difficult to record the accurate numerical value of water, oil or chemical agent flow velocity.Therefore, utilize the microphysics model to improve the percolation flow velocity measuring fixed amount problem of the microcosmic displacement test of recovery ratio, also do not solved well.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide Flow speed measurer and the measuring method of a kind of trace in flowing, utilize the percolation flow velocity of fluid in micro speed measurement tube (internal diameter is 10 μ m-100 μ m) the quantitative measurment microvisual model.Can not only carry out quantification to the seepage flow instantaneous velocity in the microvisual model, and can realize under the condition of high voltage percolation flow velocity being measured, improve the measuring accuracy of microvisual model displacement test.The metering that overcomes present miniflow speed can only be measured the mean value of water, oil or chemical agent flow velocity, can not measure water outlet, oil or chemical agent instantaneous velocity and be difficult to record the deficiency of the accurate numerical value of water, oil or chemical agent flow velocity.

The technical solution used in the present invention is: the Flow speed measurer during trace flows, comprise source line, threeway, add slug pipeline, discharge pipe, fixed head, micro speed measurement tube, scale and bend pipe, it is characterized in that: horizontal fixed has three sections micro speed measurement tube at least on fixed head, and an end of first section micro speed measurement tube connects source line.The other end first section micro speed measurement tube connects threeway, and the vertical end of threeway is connected with and adds the slug pipeline.The other end level of threeway is connected with second section micro speed measurement tube.Be fixed with scale along second section micro speed measurement tube and on second section micro speed measurement tube side, the length scale is arranged on the scale.The other end second section micro speed measurement tube is connected with bend pipe, and the other end of bend pipe is connected with next section micro speed measurement tube.In the end the end of one section micro speed measurement tube is connected with discharge pipe.

The internal diameter of described micro speed measurement tube is between 10 μ m～100 μ m.The length of micro speed measurement tube is between 100～120mm.Micro speed measurement tube adopting quartz glass material is made.

Adding the slug pipeline is one section associated line, connects replenishment valve before the testing experiment, and its function is can be by injecting slug for adding the slug pipeline in test fluid flow.

The described micro speed measurement tube that is fixed on the fixed head is five sections, and the scale that is fixed on the fixed head is two.The minimum scale unit of scale is a millimeter.

Can also be connected with replenishment valve adding on the slug pipeline, replenishment valve comprises handle, pressure cap, end cap, the jackscrew bar, piston, valve cylinder and bonnet, valve cylinder is cylindric, there is screw thread at two ends, a piston is arranged in the valve cylinder, threaded one end at valve cylinder is fixed with end cap, on the center pit screw thread of end cap, be fixed with cylindrical pressure cap, the center pit of pressure cap has screw thread, the threaded jackscrew bar of outer wall is connected with pressure cap by screw thread, and the jackscrew bar passes the pressure cap center pit, and jackscrew bar one end is in valve cylinder, the jackscrew boom end is connected with pistons end, can make piston to-and-fro movement in valve cylinder during the rotation of jackscrew bar, the other end of jackscrew bar is fixed with rotary handle in the outer end of pressure cap in the end of jackscrew bar, other end screw thread at valve cylinder is fixed with bonnet, fluid hole is arranged on bonnet, and valve cylinder is the steel cylindrical body, between valve cylinder and the piston O-ring seal is arranged, the pitch of little pitch jackscrew bar is between 0.15～0.25mm, and making the precision of micro-fluid replacement reach the Fluid Volume that 30 ° of fluid holes of jackscrew bar revolution flow out is 0.005mL.

Flow-speed measurement method during trace flows:

Flow speed measurer during A, connection trace flow:

(1) earlier will suck a certain amount of gas in the replenishment valve, be connected to adding on the slug pipeline of the Flow speed measurer of trace in flowing then;

(2) on the source line of the Flow speed measurer in trace flows, connect empirical model by associated line, the other end of empirical model connects the displacement system.The technician of the displacement test of this area knows associated line, empirical model and displacement system and finishing and is connected.

(3) connect check valve on the discharge pipe of the Flow speed measurer in trace flows, put a liquid collecting container in the bottom of check valve.Check valve is a kind of mechanical hook-up that can set top hole pressure, also claims pressure-regulating valve.When the pipeline internal pressure was lower than setting value, endpiece is fluid not, and pressure is during more than or equal to setting value, the endpiece fluid, and can make and keep the required pressure of experiment in the total system.

B, drive in liquid: start the displacement system, utilize water, oil or chemical agent in the displacement system displacement test model, pressure is between 0-20Mpa; The micro speed measurement tube that water, oil or chemical agent in the empirical model enters the Flow speed measurer in micro-the flowing by associated line, water, oil or chemical agent in the empirical model enter micro speed measurement tube and flow to liquid collecting container to stablize flow velocity.

C, gas slug of injection: when flowing into liquid collecting container fluid flow speed stability, the rotation replenishment valve is injected a gas slug.Slug is a bubble, is easy to observe liquid flow velocity.

D, observe slug: enter micro speed measurement tube and pick up counting in gas slug leading edge, stop timing again, write down slug and walk distance length (S) to a certain scale with the zero graduation line position of scale, and the used time (T);

E, result of calculation: utilize formula 1 and formula 2 to calculate the percolation flow velocity V and the flow Q of water, oil or chemical agent in the empirical model.

Described formula 1 is: $V=\frac{S}{T},m/s$

Described formula 2 is: $Q=\mathrm{V\&pi;}{\left(\frac{D}{2}\right)}^2,{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="m"\; filenames="A2009100890530014H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}^3/s$

In formula 1 and formula 2: the distance that slug passes through is S, and unit is m; Slug is T by the used time of this distance, and unit is second; The unit of result of calculation speed V is m/s (a per second rice).The micro speed measurement tube internal diameter is D, and unit is m; Calculate flow velocity V, unit is m/s; Calculating flow is Q, and unit is m ³/ s.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: Flow speed measurer and measuring method during the present invention's trace flows, the percolation flow velocity of fluid in the energy quantitative measurment microvisual model.Can not only carry out quantification to the seepage flow instantaneous velocity in the microvisual model, and realize under condition of high voltage, percolation flow velocity being measured, improve the measuring accuracy of microvisual model displacement test.

Compare with existing method, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. measure the instantaneous velocity of the seepage flow of different phase exactly;

2. realization visualization measurement;

3. improve the accuracy of low fluid-velocity survey;

4. simplified experimental arrangement;

5. shortened the time interval of measuring, repeatability is strong.

6. can substitute existing " method weighs " with " microscopic measurement method ".

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the Flow speed measurer structural representation during the present invention's trace flows.

Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram that the Flow speed measurer during the utilization trace flows carries out the percolation flow velocity of fluid in the quantitative measurment microvisual model

Fig. 3 is the measurement result of the inventive method and weight method, two kinds of method evaluation comparison diagrams.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of replenishment valve 9.

Wherein, 1. source line, 2. threeway 3. adds the slug pipeline, 4. discharge pipe, 5. fixed head, 6. micro speed measurement tube, 7. scale, 8. bend pipe, 9. replenishment valve, 10. check valve, 11. liquid collecting containers, the Flow speed measurer during 12. trace flow, 13. associated line, 14. test models, 15. displacement systems, 16. handles, 17. pressure cap, 18. end caps, 19. jackscrew bars, 20. pistons, 21. valve cylinder, 22. bonnets, 23. fluid holes, 24. O-ring seals.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1: the Flow speed measurer in flowing with a trace is an example, and the method to utilizing this instrument to measure, and is described in further detail.

Consult Fig. 1.Flow speed measurer during the present invention trace flows comprises source line 1, threeway 2, adds slug pipeline 3, discharge pipe 4, fixed head 5, micro speed measurement tube 6, scale 7 and bend pipe 8, the length 30mm of fixed head 5, width 20mm.Horizontal fixed has five sections micro speed measurement tube 6 at least on fixed head 5.The length of five sections micro speed measurement tube 6 is respectively 100mm, and internal diameter is 0.1mm, and thickness is 0.3mm.Micro speed measurement tube 6 adopting quartz glass materials are made.One end of first section micro speed measurement tube 6 connects source line 1.The other end first section micro speed measurement tube 6 connects threeway 2, and the vertical end of threeway 2 is connected with and adds slug pipeline 3.The other end level of threeway 2 is connected with second section micro speed measurement tube 6.Be fixed with scale 7 along second section micro speed measurement tube 6 and on second section micro speed measurement tube, 6 sides, the length scale is arranged on the scale, precision is 1 millimeter.The other end second section micro speed measurement tube 6 is connected with bend pipe 8, and the other end of bend pipe 8 is connected with the 3rd section micro speed measurement tube 6.The back of the 3rd section micro speed measurement tube 6 is connected with a bend pipe 8, the 4th section micro speed measurement tube 6, a bend pipe 8 and the 5th a section micro speed measurement tube 6.End the 5th section micro speed measurement tube 6 is connected with discharge pipe 4.Lower parallel the 4th section micro speed measurement tube 6 is fixed with second scale 7.Source line 1, the internal diameter that adds slug pipeline 3 and discharge pipe 4 are 0.1mm.The junction guarantees sealing.

Replenishment valve 9 comprises handle 16, pressure cap 17, end cap 18, jackscrew bar 19, piston 20, valve cylinder 21, bonnet 22 and O-ring seal 24.Valve cylinder 21 is cylindric, internal diameter 20mm, length 60mm, wall thickness 25mm.A piston 20 is arranged in the valve cylinder 21.Piston 20 is cylindrical, and the bipassage ring connected in star is arranged on the outer wall of piston 20, and an O-ring seal 24 is arranged respectively in groove.There is screw thread at valve cylinder 21 two ends, are fixed with end cap 18 at the threaded one end of valve cylinder 21, are fixed with a cylindrical pressure cap 17 on the center pit screw thread of end cap 18, and the center pit of pressure cap 17 has screw thread.The threaded jackscrew bar 19 of outer wall is connected with pressure cap 17 by screw thread, and jackscrew bar 19 passes pressure cap 17 center pits.Jackscrew bar 19 1 ends are in valve cylinder 21, and jackscrew bar 19 ends are connected with piston 20 ends.Can make piston 20 to-and-fro movement in valve cylinder 21 during 19 rotations of jackscrew bar.The other end of jackscrew bar 19 is fixed with a circular rotary handle 16 in the outer end of pressure cap 17 in the end of jackscrew bar 19.Other end screw thread at valve cylinder 21 is fixed with bonnet 22, and fluid hole 23 is arranged on bonnet 22.Between valve cylinder 21 and the piston 20 O-ring seal 24 is arranged.The pitch of little pitch jackscrew bar 19 is 0.2mm, and valve cylinder 21 diameters are 20 millimeters.The Fluid Volume that the precision of trace fluid replacement reaches 23 outflows of 30 ° of fluid holes of jackscrew bar 19 every rotations is 0.005mL.

The process of the fluid-velocity survey during trace flows: consult Fig. 2.

Flow speed measurer 12 during A, connection trace flow:

(1) replenishment valve is sucked be connected to the adding on the slug pipeline 3 of the Flow speed measurer 12 of trace in flowing behind a certain amount of gas earlier;

(2) on the source line 1 of the Flow speed measurer 12 in trace flows, connect empirical model 14 by associated line 13, the other end of empirical model 14 connects displacement system 15.

(3) connect check valve 10 on the discharge pipe 4 of the Flow speed measurer in trace flows, put a liquid collecting container 11 in the bottom of check valve 10.

B, drive in liquid: start displacement system 15, utilize water, oil or chemical agent in the displacement system 15 displacement test models 14; The micro speed measurement tube 6 that water, oil or chemical agent in the empirical model 14 enters the Flow speed measurer in micro-the flowing by associated line 13, water, oil or chemical agents in the empirical model 14 enter micro speed measurement tube 6 and flow to liquid collecting container 11 to stablize flow velocity.

C, gas slug of injection: when flowing into liquid collecting container 11 fluid flow speed stabilities, rotation replenishment valve 9 is injected a gas slug;

D, observe slug: enter micro speed measurement tube 6 and pick up counting in gas slug leading edge, stop timing again to a certain scale with the zero graduation line position of scale 7.Writing down slug, to walk distance length S be 0.052m, and used time T is 2.1s;

E, result of calculation: utilize formula 1 and formula 2 to calculate the percolation flow velocity V and the flow Q of the liquid in the empirical model 14.

With slug walk distance length S, used time T is brought formula 1 into.The unit of result of calculation is m/s (a per second rice).

$V=\frac{S}{T},m/s$

$V=\frac{0.052}{2.1}=0.025m/s$

Bring V, D and s into formula 2.The unit of result of calculation is m ³/ s (per second cubic meter).

Described formula 2 is: $Q=\mathrm{V\&pi;}{\left(\frac{D}{2}\right)}^2,{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="m"\; filenames="A2009100890530014H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}^3/s$

$Q=0.025\mathrm{\&pi;}{\left(\frac{0.0001}{2}\right)}^2=1.96\&times;{10}^{-10}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="m"\; filenames="A2009100890530014H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}^3/s$

By 8 tests and calculating, the data list of gained is as follows:

By 8 tests and calculate, the data of gained are depicted as coordinate diagram (Fig. 3), and the computational data that is obtained with weight method is plotted on the coordinate diagram and contrasts.

As can be seen from Figure 3, the fluctuation of the measurement result of weight method (method 1) is bigger, and the measurement curvilinear motion amplitude of fluid-velocity survey method (method 2) is milder.And in the identical time period, the density measurement of fluid-velocity survey method is bigger, and this is that weight method can't realize.The big main cause of measurement result fluctuating range of weight method is in the error that causes in the load-bearing process and the balance due to the evaporation of liquid.And the accuracy of fluid-velocity survey method is the accurate measurement to liquid slug speed in the microtubule.

Claims (5)

1, Flow speed measurer during a kind of trace flows, comprise source line (1), threeway (2), add slug pipeline (3), discharge pipe (4), fixed head (5), micro speed measurement tube (6), scale (7) and bend pipe (8), it is characterized in that: go up horizontal fixed at fixed head (5) and have three sections micro speed measurement tube (6) at least, one end of first section micro speed measurement tube (6) connects source line (1), the other end in first section micro speed measurement tube (6) connects threeway (2), the vertical end of threeway (2) is connected with and adds slug pipeline (3), the other end level of threeway (2) is connected with second section micro speed measurement tube (6), along second section micro speed measurement tube (6) and at the other scale (7) that is fixed with of second section micro speed measurement tube (6), the length scale is arranged on the scale, the other end in second section micro speed measurement tube (6) is connected with bend pipe (8), the other end of bend pipe (8) is connected with next section micro speed measurement tube (6), and in the end the end of one section micro speed measurement tube (6) is connected with discharge pipe (4).

2, the Flow speed measurer during trace according to claim 1 flows, it is characterized in that: the internal diameter of described micro speed measurement tube (6) is between 10 μ m-100 μ m, the length of micro speed measurement tube (6) is between 100～200mm, and micro speed measurement tube (6) adopting quartz glass material is made.

3, the Flow speed measurer during trace according to claim 1 flows, it is characterized in that: the described micro speed measurement tube (6) that is fixed on the fixed head (5) is five sections, and the scale (7) that is fixed on the fixed head (5) is two.

4, Flow speed measurer during trace according to claim 1 flows, it is characterized in that: be connected with replenishment valve (9) on the slug pipeline (3) adding, replenishment valve comprises handle (16), pressure cap (17), end cap (18), jackscrew bar (19), piston (20), valve cylinder (21) and bonnet (22), valve cylinder (21) is cylindric, there is screw thread at two ends, a piston (20) is arranged in the valve cylinder (21), threaded one end at valve cylinder (21) is fixed with end cap (18), on the center pit screw thread of end cap (18), be fixed with cylindrical pressure cap (17), the center pit of pressure cap (17) has screw thread, the threaded jackscrew bar of outer wall (19) is connected with pressure cap (17) by screw thread, jackscrew bar (19) passes pressure cap (17) center pit, jackscrew bar (19) one ends are in valve cylinder (21), jackscrew bar (19) end is connected with piston (20) end, can make piston (20) to-and-fro movement in valve cylinder (21) during jackscrew bar (19) rotation, the other end of jackscrew bar (19) is in the outer end of pressure cap (17), be fixed with rotary handle (16) in the end of jackscrew bar (19), other end screw thread at valve cylinder (21) is fixed with bonnet (22), fluid hole (23) is arranged on bonnet (22), valve cylinder (21) is the steel cylindrical body, between valve cylinder (21) and the piston (20) O-ring seal (24) is arranged, the pitch of little pitch jackscrew bar (19) is between 0.15～0.25mm.

5, the flow-speed measurement method during a kind of trace flows: it is characterized in that:

Flow speed measurer during A, connection trace flow:

(1) replenishment valve (9) is sucked be connected to the adding on the slug pipeline (3) of claim 1,2, the 3 or 4 described trace Flow speed measurer in flowing behind a certain amount of gas earlier;

(2) on the source line (1) of the Flow speed measurer in trace flows, connect empirical model (14) by associated line (13), the other end of empirical model (14) connects displacement system (15);

(3) discharge pipe (4) of the Flow speed measurer in trace flows is gone up and is connected check valve (10), puts a liquid collecting container (11) in the bottom of check valve (10);

B, drive in liquid: start displacement system (15), utilize water, oil or chemical agent in displacement system (15) the displacement test model (14); The micro speed measurement tube (6) that water, oil or chemical agent in the empirical model (14) enters the Flow speed measurer in micro-the flowing by associated line (13), water, oil or chemical agent in the empirical model (14) enter micro speed measurement tube (6) and flow to liquid collecting container (11) to stablize flow velocity;

C, gas slug of injection: when flowing into liquid collecting container (11) fluid flow speed stability, rotation replenishment valve (9) is injected a gas slug;

D, observe slug: enter micro speed measurement tube (6) and pick up counting in gas slug leading edge, when a certain scale stops to count again, write down slug and walk distance length (S) with the zero graduation line position of scale (7), and the used time (T);

E, result of calculation: utilize formula 1 and formula 2 to calculate the percolation flow velocity V and the flow Q of water, oil or chemical agent in the empirical model (14),

Described formula 1 is: $V=\frac{S}{T},m/s$

Described formula 2 is: $Q=\mathrm{V\&pi;}{\left(\frac{D}{2}\right)}^2,m^3/s$

In formula 1 and formula 2: the distance that slug passes through is S, and unit is m; Slug is T by the used time of this distance, and unit is second; Calculate flow velocity V, unit is m/s; Micro speed measurement tube 6 internal diameters are D, and unit is m; Calculating flow is Q, and unit is m ³/ s.

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