CN101598251A - Contain copper-aluminium joint of canine-shaped columnar crystal structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Contain copper-aluminium joint of canine-shaped columnar crystal structure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101598251A CN101598251A CNA2008101115242A CN200810111524A CN101598251A CN 101598251 A CN101598251 A CN 101598251A CN A2008101115242 A CNA2008101115242 A CN A2008101115242A CN 200810111524 A CN200810111524 A CN 200810111524A CN 101598251 A CN101598251 A CN 101598251A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of copper-aluminium joint that contains canine-shaped columnar crystal structure and preparation method thereof.This copper-aluminium joint is made of copper pipe, aluminum pipe, it is characterized in that face of weld is made of aluminum pipe, canine-shaped columnar crystal, copper pipe, and described canine-shaped columnar crystal composition is CuAl
2During welding, surface roughness Ra 0.4～0.1 μ of copper pipe outer surface welding part, aluminum pipe end face burr is controlled at 0.0-0.05mm, welding temperature is 647 ℃～665 ℃ in the welding, current density is 475 peaces～515 peace/mm2, the electrode cylinder pressure is 0.6MPa～0.8MPa, and float electrode group propelling pressure is 0.6MPa～0.8MPa, and it is 800kgf/cm～1000kgf/cm that copper pipe inside applies pressure
2, be 0.6～0.8S weld interval.According to the copper-aluminium joint of the present invention's production, because the synusia shape α-Al+CuAl in the elimination joint
2, form single canine-shaped columnar crystal tissue, improved the mechanical property of material greatly, copper-aluminium joint has the good heat resistanceheat resistant performance of shaking, long fatigue life, the combination property of higher creep resistance and middle temperature plasticity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dissimilar metal welding joint, especially thin-walled plug-in type copper aluminum pipe welded joint.
The invention still further relates to the preparation method of above-mentioned welded joint.
Background technique
Copper tube is made of electrolytic copper, and a large amount of application is arranged in productive life, because electrolytic copper is approaching exhausted, the shared copper and aluminium welding adapter of copper aluminium recently substitutes copper pipe becomes hot technology.Plug-in type copper aluminum pipe resistance welding technology is the preferred embodiments of large-scale production.
The copper-aluminium joint that face of weld can bear tensile stress is the high-quality joint.But some copper-aluminium joint weld seams can not bear tensile stress, and prior art also fails to provide scientific explarnation to it, therefore also fail to provide guidance on the production method to how improving the copper-aluminium joint tensile stress.This is not have correct understanding because of the microstructure to welded joint, and the directivity of technology is clear and definite inadequately, can not guarantee that copper-aluminium joint forms unified heterogeneous microstructure, need connect in copper and aluminium welding and do further creation on the method, to obtain the product of super quality and competitive price.There is synusia shape α-Al+CuAl in the inventor by discovering in the weld seam of copper-aluminium joint
2, be to cause copper-aluminium joint can not bear the main cause of tensile stress.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of copper-aluminium joint that contains canine-shaped columnar crystal structure.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of aforementioned preparation method who contains the copper-aluminium joint of canine-shaped columnar crystal structure that produces.
For the copper-aluminium joint that contains canine-shaped columnar crystal structure of the present invention, the problems referred to above are to solve like this: be made of copper pipe, aluminum pipe, it is characterized in that weld seam is made of aluminum pipe, canine-shaped columnar crystal, copper pipe, aluminum pipe, copper pipe link together by canine-shaped columnar crystal, and the canine-shaped columnar crystal composition is CuAl
2
The inventor welds in the joint synusia shape α-Al+CuAl between copper aluminium by discovering at plug in structure copper aluminum pipe resistance welding
2Tensile strength to the copper and aluminium welding seam has harm, and the present invention is processed into canine-shaped columnar crystal structure with the seam organization between copper aluminium, and weld strength obviously improves.
For the preparation method of above-mentioned copper-aluminium joint, the present invention solves like this: get each one of copper pipe, aluminum pipe, copper pipe one end reducing, neat mouthful of aluminum pipe end face, the surface roughness of copper tube end reducing outer surface welding part is Ra0.4～0.1 μ, aluminum pipe cuts off blanking, the end face burr is controlled at 0-0.05mm, and copper pipe is inserted in the aluminum pipe, is placed on the welding equipment and welds, welding temperature is 647 ℃～665 ℃ in the welding, and current density is 475 peaces～515 peace/mm
2, the electrode cylinder pressure is 0.6Mpa～0.8Mpa, and float electrode group propelling pressure is 0.6Mpa～0.8Mpa, and it is 800kgf/cm～1000kgf/cm that copper pipe inside applies pressure
2, be 0.6～0.8S weld interval.
When parameter is not in above-mentioned scope, especially do not apply internal pressure, weld seam can not obtain single canine-shaped columnar crystal structure, and the copper and aluminium welding seam weld seam of incomplete fusion or fusing will occur with synusia shape α-Al+CuAl
2Metallographic structure is main structure.As φ 12.7*0.8 copper aluminum pipe at welding, the end face burr is controlled at 0.02-0.05m, copper pipe is inserted in the aluminum pipe, is placed on the welding equipment and welds, and welding temperature is 660 ℃ in the welding, electric current is 16000 peaces, the electrode cylinder pressure is 0.8Mpa, and float electrode group propelling pressure is 0.8Mpa, and be 0.7S weld interval, but inside does not apply pressure, obtains as Fig. 2, interface heterogeneous microstructure shown in Figure 3.The characteristics of this heterogeneous microstructure are: near forming very short columnar grain near the copper pipe, partly be synusia shape α-Al+CuAl near aluminum pipe
2Eutectic regions, weld seam constitutes with synusia shape eutectic structure.Under this condition, because synusia shape α-Al+CuAl
2Eutectic structure fragility bigger, therefore influenced the tensile strength of bayonet joint copper and aluminium welding seam.Synusia shape α-Al+CuAl
2The tensile strength of eutectic structure be lower than 5N/mm
2
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, will obtain the weld interface of uniform formation's structure, the pretreatment of workpiece to be welded is most important.In the welding process, the even contact of whole copper-aluminium tube joint is the important assurance that obtains even heterogeneous microstructure weld interface.Therefore, need copper pipe groove welding part finish forge is become minute surface, have uniform conductive to guarantee whole contact interface.
2, in welding process, select specific welding parameter scope, and apply multidirectional high pressure butt welded seam and push, synusia shape α-Al+CuAl
2Eutectic structure squeeze out the remaining canine-shaped columnar crystal grain that highly is no more than 3 μ m.The Organizational Structure that remains in the canine-shaped columnar crystal that forms between the copper aluminium makes the intensity of weld interface apparently higher than the intensity of aluminum substrate, plays the effect of strengthen welds, as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5.Copper pipe that forms in plug-in type copper aluminum pipe welded joint and the canine-shaped columnar crystal Organizational Structure between the aluminum pipe are one of key characters of the present invention, and the tensile strength of canine-shaped columnar crystal tissue is greater than 200N/mm
2
3, the thermal conductivity of copper is (20 ℃, 390w/m* ℃) more a lot of than aluminium (20 ℃, 238.64w/m* ℃), and the copper side is solid-state and partial melting has taken place the aluminium side, the result has also caused existing very big temperature gradient by the copper side to the aluminium side at the interface, copper and aluminium welding is connect directional solidification takes place at the interface.Because on the big direction of temperature gradient, crystal grain is faster than the speed of other oriented growth, the copper pipe side at the copper and aluminium welding joint forms canine-shaped columnar crystal at last.
The copper content of canine-shaped columnar crystal columnar crystal is between Cu53.3-54wt%, and the composition of canine-shaped columnar crystal columnar crystal is CuAl
2Copper aluminium canine-shaped columnar crystal crystal grain at the interface is very tiny among Fig. 4, Fig. 5, highly is no more than 3 μ m, and width is less than 2 μ m.Crystal grain is tiny to be because energising is heated, pressurization, make the patina fragmentation of metal surface, being suspended in patina in the melt can become the interface of non-spontaneous nucleation, under the resistance welding condition, and copper pipe temperature gradient height, copper can obtain enough Subcoold temperature at the interface and carry out non-spontaneous nucleation, the interface of non-spontaneous nucleation is many more in the per unit volume like this, and the nucleus number that can form is many more, thereby forms the tiny tissue of crystal grain, play the effect of pinning dislocation, thereby obviously improve joint mechanical performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 welds schematic representation
Fig. 2 contains synusia shape α-Al+CuAl
2The welding line structure schematic representation of the copper and aluminium welding joint of eutectic structure
The metallograph of Fig. 3 welding line structure shown in Figure 2
Fig. 4 contains the welding line structure schematic representation of the copper and aluminium welding joint of canine-shaped columnar crystal tissue
The metallograph of Fig. 5 welding line structure shown in Figure 4
Wherein: float electrode group 1, copper pipe 2, electrode mosaic block 3, fixed electrode group 4, aluminum pipe 5, α-Al+CuAl
2Synusia shape eutectic structure 6, canine-shaped columnar crystal 7, pipeline inside to welded joint applied pressure F1, the propelling pressure F2 that applies by float electrode welding joint, electrode cylinder to float electrode group (copper pipe side) upper/lower electrode between applied pressure F3, electrode cylinder to fixed electrode group (aluminum pipe side) upper/lower electrode between applied pressure F4.
Fig. 3, Fig. 5 photo middle and lower part black part are divided into aluminum pipe 5, and the top light-colored part is a copper pipe 2.Near copper pipe partly is canine-shaped columnar crystal 7, partly is synusia shape α-Al+CuAl near aluminum pipe
2Eutectic structure 6.Copper aluminium joint is a canine-shaped columnar crystal 7 in Fig. 5 photo.
Embodiment
Below with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 specific embodiments of the invention are described:
The canine-shaped columnar crystal Organizational Structure is by the workpiece assembly quality before the surface quality of strictness control workpiece, the welding and precise current, voltage, air pressure control, and is auxiliary to obtain behind the multidirectional high pressure compressed weld seam.Detailed process and parameter are as follows:
1) gets respectively one of copper pipe 2, aluminum pipe 5, copper pipe 2 one end reducings, neat mouthful of aluminum pipe 5 end faces;
2) surface roughness Ra 0.4～0.1 μ of copper pipe 2 reducing outer surface welding parts;
3) aluminum pipe 5 cuts off blanking, and the end face burr is controlled at 0-0.05mm;
4) as shown in Figure 1, copper pipe 2 is inserted in the aluminum pipe 5, is placed on the welding equipment welding, and wherein the welding part of the fixed electrode group 4 of welding equipment is equipped with electrode mosaic block 3;
5) welding temperature: 647～665 ℃;
6) current density: 475 peaces～515 peace/mm
2
7) electrode cylinder pressure F3, F4:0.6Mpa～0.8Mpa;
8) float electrode group propelling pressure F2:0.6Mpa～0.8Mpa;
9) copper pipe inside applies pressure F1:800kgf/cm
2～1000kgf/cm
2
10) weld interval: 0.6～0.8S
Electrode mosaic block 3 is materials of a kind of hardness height, high temperature resistant, anti-corrosion, low conduction, low heat conduction, and that we use is Fe-Al intermetallic compounds and ZrO
2The composite material of pottery by the electrode mosaic block, is realized the multidirectional pressure that the copper-aluminium joint weld seam is applied.Welding equipment of the present invention can adopt the welding equipment of welding plug-in type copper aluminium welded joint, and copper pipe inside applies pressure can adopt realizations such as welding plug.
The structure of the plug-in type copper aluminum pipe weld interface of producing according to the present invention, carry out the sweep electron microscope analysis by the butt welded seam section, be made of the canine-shaped columnar crystal Organizational Structure between copper pipe and the aluminum pipe, the height of canine-shaped columnar crystal crystal grain is less than 3 μ m, and width is less than 2 μ m.Its structure as shown in Figure 5.
Can be according to the plug-in type copper aluminum pipe welded joint structure property that the present invention produces by the tension test of copper-aluminium joint weld seam is tested, it between copper pipe and the aluminum pipe weld seam of canine-shaped columnar crystal Organizational Structure, when the welded seam area to copper-aluminium joint carries out tension test, aluminum pipe destroys, and weld seam is intact.
Copper-aluminium joint welded seam area stretching test method: with copper-aluminium joint outer surface weld seam is benchmark, and aluminum pipe keeps 20mm, and copper pipe keeps 50mm and downcuts.With the fixing copper pipe of bench vice, aluminum pipe is last, and copper pipe is down,, cut open by the line of 4 equal portions at the aluminum pipe end face, cut to the following 2mm of weld seam with saw, to not have the aluminum pipe of seam to tear (slowly, evenly firmly) with needle-nose pliers, and do not tear part between the copper and aluminium welding seam and constitute by the canine-shaped columnar crystal Organizational Structure.
According to the copper-aluminium joint of the present invention's production, owing to eliminated Fig. 2 middle level sheet α-Al+CuAl
2, form the single canine-shaped columnar crystal tissue of Fig. 5, improved the mechanical property of material greatly, copper-aluminium joint has the good heat resistanceheat resistant performance of shaking, fatigue life of growing, the combination property of higher creep resistance and middle temperature plasticity.The composition of formed single canine-shaped columnar crystal is CuAl
2
The present invention describes with reference to drawings and Examples, but protection domain is not limited thereto, and has those of ordinary skill and can pass through simple conversion in the technology of the present invention scope, and obtain the same technique effect of the present invention, equally in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of copper-aluminium joint that contains canine-shaped columnar crystal structure, constitute by copper pipe, aluminum pipe, it is characterized in that weld seam is made of aluminum pipe, canine-shaped columnar crystal, copper pipe, aluminum pipe, copper pipe link together by canine-shaped columnar crystal, and described canine-shaped columnar crystal composition is CuAl
2
2, a kind of copper-aluminium joint that contains canine-shaped columnar crystal structure as claimed in claim 1, the height that it is characterized in that described canine-shaped columnar crystal crystal grain is less than 3 μ m, and width is less than 2 μ m.
3, a kind of copper-aluminium joint that contains canine-shaped columnar crystal structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, the copper content that it is characterized in that described canine-shaped columnar crystal is Cu53.3-54wt%.
4, a kind of preparation method who contains the copper-aluminium joint of canine-shaped columnar crystal structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that getting copper pipe, each one of aluminum pipe, copper pipe one end reducing, neat mouthful of aluminum pipe end face, the copper tube end reducing, the surface roughness of reducing outer surface welding part is Ra0.4～0.1 μ, aluminum pipe cuts off blanking, the end face burr is controlled at 0-0.05mm, copper pipe is inserted in the aluminum pipe, is placed on the welding equipment and welds, and the welding part of the fixed electrode group of described welding equipment is equipped with the electrode mosaic block, welding temperature is 647 ℃～665 ℃ in the welding, and current density is 475 peaces～515 peace/mm
2, the electrode cylinder pressure is 0.6Mpa～0.8Mpa, and float electrode group propelling pressure is 0.6Mpa～0.8Mpa, and it is 800kgf/cm that copper pipe inside applies pressure
2～1000kgf/cm
2, be 0.6～0.8S weld interval.
5, a kind of preparation method who contains the copper-aluminium joint of canine-shaped columnar crystal structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described electrode mosaic block is by Fe-Al intermetallic compounds and ZrO
2The composite material that pottery constitutes is made.
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| CN2008101115242A CN101598251B (en) | 2008-06-05 | 2008-06-05 | Copper-aluminium joint containing canine-shaped columnar crystal structure and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101598251A true CN101598251A (en) | 2009-12-09 |
| CN101598251B CN101598251B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102748544A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-10-24 | 左铁军 | Copper-aluminum connecting tube and production method |
| CN106425067A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-22 | 合肥太通制冷科技有限公司 | Resistance butt welding machine die provided with core rod |
| CN111958113A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-11-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Aluminum/steel laser welding method under Cu element-surface microtexture composite regulation and control action |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100504251C (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2009-06-24 | 左铁军 | Copper-aluminium combined pipeline piece with identical inner and outer diameter with aluminum pipe and manufacture process thereof |
| CN100420892C (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2008-09-24 | 左铁军 | Inner diameter of copper aluminum joint, copper aluminum joint with diameter being equal to inner diameter of aluminum pipe, and preparation method |
| CN100445625C (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2008-12-24 | 左铁军 | Welded joint of thin wall copper aluminum pipe with no eutectic structure, and preparation method |
-
2008
- 2008-06-05 CN CN2008101115242A patent/CN101598251B/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102748544A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-10-24 | 左铁军 | Copper-aluminum connecting tube and production method |
| CN102748544B (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-11-26 | 左铁军 | Copper-aluminum connecting tube and production method |
| CN106425067A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-22 | 合肥太通制冷科技有限公司 | Resistance butt welding machine die provided with core rod |
| CN111958113A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-11-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Aluminum/steel laser welding method under Cu element-surface microtexture composite regulation and control action |
| CN111958113B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-04-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Aluminum/steel laser welding method under Cu element-surface microtexture composite regulation and control action |
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| CN101598251B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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Application publication date: 20091209 Assignee: Qingdao Haiqing Mechanism Plant Assignor: Zuo Tiejun|Zhao Yue Contract record no.: 2014370000127 Denomination of invention: Copper-aluminium joint containing canine-shaped columnar crystal structure and preparation method thereof Granted publication date: 20120523 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20140729 |
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