CN101590495A - A kind of preparation method of particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board Download PDFInfo
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- CN101590495A CN101590495A CNA2009100438922A CN200910043892A CN101590495A CN 101590495 A CN101590495 A CN 101590495A CN A2009100438922 A CNA2009100438922 A CN A2009100438922A CN 200910043892 A CN200910043892 A CN 200910043892A CN 101590495 A CN101590495 A CN 101590495A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board, the aluminium base compound billet that adopts stirring casting technology to provide and to carry out after homogenising is handled is machined to the extruding ingot blank, to push ingot blank with extruder and be squeezed into sheet material, the sheet material branch will be had no progeny along laterally be rolled into aluminum matrix composite plate (3) on the irreversible milling train of two rollers.Before hot rolling is compound, steel plate (1) is used 10%H
2SO
4The solution pickling, to aluminium alloy plate (2) and aluminum matrix composite plate (3) 10%NaOH solution alkali cleaning, faying face hacking with the three, with acetone soak and absolute ethyl alcohol clean after with three's hacking faying face and close and fixingly together put into heating furnace and heat, roll into particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board with the irreversible milling train of two rollers, composite board is carried out diffusion annealing processing and Water Quenching or Ageing Treatment.This preparation method solved particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material itself depress greatly rolling deformation difficulty and with the direct rolling compound difficult technologies key of steel backing, it has a wide range of applications and development prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of composite board, relate in particular to a kind of preparation method who is used for the particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board (or composite) in fields such as automobile, engineering machinery.
Background technology
Composite metal plate is a kind of metal material with good characteristic, and it can be applicable to national economy every field such as oil, chemical industry, aviation, electric power, light industry.Layered metal composite material is to utilize complex technique to make two or more physics, chemistry, metal that mechanical property is different realize firm metallurgical binding and a kind of new material of preparing on the interface, and its physics, chemistry and mechanical property are much more superior than the physical and chemical performance and the mechanical property of single metal.
The production method of metallic composite panel can be divided into three major types substantially: 1. admittedly-and the solid phase composite algorithm, 2. liquid-solid phase composite algorithm, 3. liquid-liquid composite algorithm, wherein solid-solid phase composite algorithm comprises blast composite algorithm, extruding composite algorithm, explosive welding one hot rolling method, roll-bonding method and diffusion welding (DW) connection etc., the liquid-solid phase composite algorithm comprises die casting composite algorithm and casting composite algorithm casting and roll process etc., and the liquid-liquid phase composite algorithm has only the continuous casting electromagnetic composite algorithm at present.These methods respectively have advantage, have produced the composite metal plate of each tool characteristic under different conditions, still are the various preparation methods (or preparation technology) and the situation of depositing within a certain period of time, also do not have a kind of perfect method to replace at present.
Because the development of metallic composite panel has the history in more than 100 year, so the relevant report of rolling composite plate is also more, as:
1. notification number is " stainless steel/aluminum composite plate hot-groove rolling method " of CN1586751; the lamination that the surface treatment of corrosion resistant plate and aluminium sheet and the corrosion resistant plate after surface treatment and aluminium sheet are combined into is disclosed; in sending into the continuous-type furnace of nitrogen protection, end spot welding location heats; send into again in the milling train after the preheating and carry out composite rolling; the clad metal sheet that is rolled into is gone into to carry out diffusion annealing in the heat-treatment furnace cooling.
2. " a kind of milling method and rolling equipment of copper aluminium double-sided composite plate ", earlier technical pure copper strips and technical pure aluminium sheet are carried out conditioning treatment, thereafter copper strips in acid solution, aluminium sheet cleans in aqueous slkali, carry out copper strips after copper strips and the aluminium sheet grooming, aluminium sheet is rolling compound, terminal point heat treatment and aligning (heat treatment is annealed) are sheared in the compound back of copper aluminium in inert gas.
3. " a kind of complex method of steel back aluminium alloy sheets ", adopt degreasing, clear rust, hacking, immersion plating to help welder's ordered pair steel backing surface to handle earlier, be preheating to temperature required back again and in compound pouring mouth molten bath, carry out diffusion reaction with aluminium base coating molten metal, form compound interface, utilize rolling mill practice to carry out casting at last and form steel back aluminium composite plate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of can overcome or solve particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material itself depress greatly rolling deformation difficulty and with the preparation method of the particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board of key technology difficult problems such as the direct rolling combined strength bination of steel backing is low.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: described " a kind of preparation method of particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board " is a kind of new technology, principle is: at particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material existence itself depress greatly the rolling deformation poor performance and with steel backing key technology difficult problems such as directly rolling compound bond strength is low, proposition is in the hot rolling recombination process, employing is situated between increases the layer of aluminum alloy sheets on the interface, be that the alloy matrix aluminum material is to improve the composite rolling deformability and to improve the interface combined strength bination, aluminium atom between the aluminium alloy plate of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material and centre under the dependence HTHP, aluminium between middle aluminium alloy plate and the steel plate (being steel backing), the phase counterdiffusion of iron atom improves the bond strength between the composite board interface.On common steel/aluminium composite technique for rolling basis, solved particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material itself depress greatly rolling deformation difficulty and with the direct rolling compound difficult technologies key of steel backing, have advantages such as production technology is simple, efficient is high, production cost is low.
1. adopt stirring casting technology to prepare the 2024A1/10%SiCp aluminum matrix composite billet of Φ 170-200mm, this billet after handling, homogenising under the 500 ℃ * 24h condition is machined to the extruding ingot blank that diameter is Φ 150-170mm, on extruder, will push ingot blank and be squeezed into the sheet material of mm of (18-22) mm * (110-130), extrusion temperature is controlled at 440 ℃-460 ℃, the sheet material branch of extruding is broken into the long back of 170-190mm along the aluminum matrix composite plate that laterally is rolled into (1.0-3.0) mm thickness on irreversible milling train, and hot-rolled temperature is 440-460 ℃.
2. adopt the SS400 steel plate of (1.5～4.5) mm * 50mm * 180mm and 3003 aluminium alloy plates of (0.5～1.5) mm * 50mm * 180mm.
3. before hot rolling is compound, the SS400 steel plate is adopted sulfuric acid (H
2SO
4) the solution pickling, the oxide layer of removing surface of steel plate with the faying face hacking of steel plate, is soaked to remove the greasy dirt of surface of steel plate with acetone soln then again, uses the absolute ethyl alcohol scrub surfaces then.
4. before hot rolling is compound, 3003 aluminium alloy plates and aluminum matrix composite plate are adopted the alkali cleaning of NaOH (NaOH) solution, remove the oxide layer on surface, then with the faying face hacking of aluminium alloy plate and aluminum matrix composite plate, soak to remove the greasy dirt on surface with acetone soln, use the absolute ethyl alcohol scrub surfaces then.
5. the faying face of aluminium alloy plate, aluminum matrix composite plate and steel plate three hacking is combined that fixing together to put into heating furnace be to heat under the 350-550 ℃ of condition in temperature, on irreversible milling train, is rolled compound.In the hot rolling recombination process, adopting increases the layer of aluminum alloy sheets to improve the composite rolling deformability and to improve the interface combined strength bination on the intermediate interface of steel plate and aluminum matrix composite plate.
6. controlling the composite rolling percentage pass reduction is 30-70%, mill speed≤30m/min.
7. the particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board after the hot rolling is carried out diffusion annealing and handle 5-10h under 450-480 ℃ of temperature, increase the bond strength of composite board.
8. the particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board after diffusion annealing being handled carries out Water Quenching and Ageing Treatment.
The preparation method of a kind of particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board that provides through as above technical scheme compared with prior art, its beneficial effect is:
1. the preparation method of described a kind of particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board adopts increases layer of aluminum alloy substrate material (being aluminium alloy plate) on the intermediate interface of steel plate and aluminum matrix composite plate, composite rolling deformability and interface combined strength bination have been improved, aluminium atom under HTHP between dependence particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material plate and the aluminium alloy plate and the aluminium between aluminium alloy plate and the steel plate, the phase counterdiffusion of iron atom, improved the bond strength between the steel-backed composite board interface, on the basis of common steel/aluminium composite technique for rolling, solved particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material itself depress greatly rolling deformation difficulty and with the direct rolling compound difficult technologies difficult problem of steel backing;
2. preparation technology is simple, and is easy to operate;
The case hardness of 3. prepared aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board improves 1-2 doubly, and its anti-wear performance strengthens significantly.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is preparation method's light plate 1, aluminium alloy plate 2 and the compound schematic diagram of aluminum matrix composite plate 3 threes before hot rolling of a kind of particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board of the present invention, also is Figure of abstract of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
The preparation method of described a kind of particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board comprises preparation and aluminium alloy plate 2, the processing of steel plate (back of the body) 1 and three's the combination of aluminum matrix composite plate 3.
1, the preparation of aluminum matrix composite plate 3: adopting stirring casting technology to make diameter is the 2024A1/10%SiCp aluminum matrix composite billet of φ 170～200mm, and described stirring casting technology is the prior art during aluminum products are produced.φ 170～200mm billet of 2024A1/10%SiCp is carried out the homogenising processing under the condition of 500 ℃ * 24h, the optional soaking pit of the equipment that homogenising is handled with electrical heating type, billet after the homogenising processing is machined to the extruding ingot blank that diameter is φ 150～170mm, extrusion ingot badly is squeezed into the sheet material of (18～22) mm * (110～130) mm through extruder, described extruder can be selected the 1250t extruder for use, its extrusion temperature is controlled between 440～460 ℃, the plate shape of extrusion bar is divided be broken into after 170～190mm length along being to be rolled into the aluminum matrix composite plate 3 of thickness for (1.0～3.0) mm under 440～460 ℃ of conditions at hot-rolled temperature on the irreversible milling train laterally.Wherein irreversible milling train can be selected φ 360 * 600mm duo mill for use.
2, hot rolling compound before, steel plate 1 is adopted sulfuric acid (H
2SO
4) the solution pickling, remove the oxide layer on steel plate 1 surface, with the faying face hacking of steel plate 1, from accompanying drawing as can be known, steel plate 1 has a faying face then.To remove the greasy dirt on steel plate 1 surface, use the absolute ethyl alcohol scrub surfaces with acetone soln at last.Described steel plate 1 can be selected the SS400 steel plate for use, and the hacking instrument can be selected steel brush for use, and wherein can to select weight concentration for use be 10% sulfuric acid solution to sulfuric acid solution.
3, hot rolling compound before, aluminium alloy plate 2 (claiming the alloy matrix aluminum material again) and aluminum matrix composite plate 3 are adopted the alkali cleaning of sodium hydroxid (NaOH) solution, to remove the oxide layer on aluminium alloy plate 2 and aluminum matrix composite plate 3 surfaces, wherein can to select weight concentration for use be 10% sodium hydroxide solution to sodium hydroxide solution.After with the faying face hacking of aluminium alloy plate 2 and aluminum matrix composite plate 3, from accompanying drawing as can be known, aluminium alloy plate 2 has two faying faces, and aluminum matrix composite plate 3 has a faying face.Soak to remove the greasy dirt on aluminium alloy plate 2 and aluminium base plinth composite panel 3 surfaces with acetone soln again, use the absolute ethyl alcohol scrub surfaces then.Described aluminium alloy plate 2 can be selected 3003 aluminium alloy plates for use, can buy product for market, and the hacking instrument can adopt steel brush.
4, be combined fixing for (0.5～1.5) mm aluminium alloy plate 2 and thickness for the hacking faying face of the aluminum matrix composite plate 3 of (1.0～3.0) mm for the steel plate 1 of (1.5～4.5) mm, thickness thickness, described " fixing " can select the chucking mode for use, and the assurance three does not produce to relatively move and gets final product.Combination after fixing is together put into heating furnace heat, described heating furnace can be selected chamber type electric resistance furnace for use, and heating and temperature control is between 350～550 ℃, and described heating-up temperature also is the rolling temperature of combination.Combination after the heating is rolled the compound particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board that becomes on irreversible milling train, wherein irreversible milling train can be selected the irreversible milling train of φ 360mm * 600mm two rollers for use.
5, the particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board after the hot rolling is carried out diffusion annealing under 450～480 ℃ of conditions and handled 5-10h hour, increase the bond strength of composite board.
6, the particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board after the diffusion annealing is carried out Water Quenching and natural aging treatment, increase case hardness and strengthen wearability.
The bond strength of the particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board that obtains through as above preparation method obviously improves, and anti-bending strength is better than in the past.
Embodiment 1:
Adopt stirring casting technology to prepare the 2024A1/10%SiCp aluminum matrix composite billet that diameter is φ 180mm, this billet after handling, 500 ℃ * 24h homogenising is machined to the extruding ingot blank that diameter is φ 160mm, through the 1250t extruder φ 160mm extruding ingot blank is squeezed into specification and is (20 * 120) mm sheet material, extrusion temperature is 450 ℃, the sheet material branch of extrusion molding is broken into after the 180mm length along laterally being rolled into the aluminum matrix composite plate 3 that thickness is 2.0mm on the irreversible milling train of φ 360 * 600mm two rollers, and hot-rolled temperature is 450 ℃.This embodiment adopts (the SS400 steel plate 1 of 3mm * 5mm * 180mm), (3003 aluminium alloy plates 2 of 1mm * 50mm * 180mm) and (the 2024A1/10%SiCp aluminum matrix composite plate 3 of 2mm * 50mm * 180mm).SS400 steel plate 1 adopts 10%H before hot rolling
2SO
4The solution pickling, and 3003 aluminium alloy plates 2 and 2024A1/10%SiCp aluminum matrix composite plate 3 adopt the alkali cleaning of 10%NaOH solution, remove the oxide layer on surface, then with the faying face hacking of steel brush with steel plate 1, aluminium alloy plate 2 and aluminum matrix composite plate 3, soak to remove surperficial greasy dirt etc. with acetone soln again, use the absolute ethyl alcohol scrub surfaces then.With steel plate 1, after being combined and fixing, together puts into the hacking faying face of aluminium alloy plate 2 and aluminum matrix composite plate 3 the chamber type electric resistance furnace heating, when heating-up temperature (being rolling temperature) reaches 400 ℃, send the irreversible milling train of φ 360 * 600mm two rollers reduction ratio be 50% and the condition of mill speed=29m/min under the rolling particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board that is combined into, with rolling particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board under 450 ℃ and 480 ℃, carry out diffusion annealing respectively and handle, then the composite board after the annealing in process is bent to and test: crooked 8 times of 450 ℃/5h annealing in process is intact; Crooked 9 times of 480 ℃/10h annealing in process, intact, the composite board of 480 ℃/2h annealing in process is carried out shrend, after handling by 2024 aluminium aging technique systems, the surface strength of particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board increases greatly, and wearability improves.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt stirring casting technology to prepare the 2024A1/10%SiCp aluminum matrix composite billet that diameter is φ 170mm, this billet after handling, 500 ℃ * 24h homogenising is machined to the extruding ingot blank that diameter is φ 150mm, through the 1250t extruder φ 150mm extruding ingot blank is squeezed into specification and is (18 * 110) mm sheet material, extrusion temperature is 440 ℃, the sheet material branch of extrusion molding is broken into after the 170mm length along laterally being rolled into the aluminum matrix composite plate 3 that thickness is 1.0mm on the irreversible milling train of φ 360 * 600mm two rollers, and hot-rolled temperature is 440 ℃.This embodiment adopts (the SS400 steel plate 1 of 1.5mm * 5mm * 180mm), (3003 aluminium alloy plates 2 of 0.5mm * 50mm * 180mm) and (the 2024A1/10%SiCp aluminum matrix composite plate 3 of 1.0mm * 50mm * 180mm).SS400 steel plate 1 adopts 10%H before hot rolling
2SO
4The solution pickling, and 3003 aluminium alloy plates 2 and 2024A1/10%SiCp aluminum matrix composite plate 3 adopt the alkali cleaning of 10%NaOH solution, remove the oxide layer on surface, then with the faying face hacking of steel brush with steel plate 1, aluminium alloy plate 2 and aluminum matrix composite plate 3, soak to remove surperficial greasy dirt etc. with acetone soln again, use the absolute ethyl alcohol scrub surfaces then.With steel plate 1, after being combined and fixing, together puts into the hacking faying face of aluminium alloy plate 2 and aluminum matrix composite 3 the chamber type electric resistance furnace heating, when heating-up temperature (being rolling temperature) reaches 350 ℃, send the irreversible milling train of φ 360 * 600mm two rollers reduction ratio be 30% and the condition of mill speed=28m/min under the rolling particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board that is combined into, with rolling particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board under 450 ℃, carry out diffusion annealing and handle, then the composite board after the annealing in process is bent to and test: crooked 10 times of 450 ℃/10h annealing in process is intact; Composite board to 450 ℃/10h annealing in process carries out shrend, and after handling by 2024 aluminium aging technique systems, the surface strength of particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board increases greatly, and wearability improves.
Embodiment 3:
Adopt stirring casting technology to prepare the 2024A1/10%SiCp aluminum matrix composite billet that diameter is φ 200mm, this billet after handling, 500 ℃ * 24h homogenising is machined to the extruding ingot blank that diameter is φ 170mm, through the 1250t extruder φ 170mm extruding ingot blank is squeezed into specification and is (22 * 130) mm sheet material, extrusion temperature is 460 ℃, the sheet material branch of extrusion molding is broken into after the 190mm length along laterally being rolled into the aluminum matrix composite plate 3 that thickness is 3.0mm on the irreversible milling train of φ 360 * 600mm two rollers, and hot-rolled temperature is 460 ℃.This embodiment adopts (the SS400 steel plate 1 of 4.5mm * 5mm * 180mm), (3003 aluminium alloy plates 2 of 1.5mm * 50mm * 180mm) and (the 2024A1/10%SiCp aluminum matrix composite plate 3 of 3.0mm * 50mm * 180mm).SS400 steel plate 1 adopts 10%H before hot rolling
2SO
4The solution pickling, and 3003 aluminium alloy plates 2 and 2024A1/10%SiCp aluminum matrix composite plate 3 adopt the alkali cleaning of 10%NaOH solution, remove the oxide layer on surface, then with the faying face hacking of steel brush with steel plate 1, aluminium alloy plate 2 and aluminum matrix composite plate 3, soak to remove surperficial greasy dirt etc. with acetone soln again, use the absolute ethyl alcohol scrub surfaces then.With steel plate 1, after being combined and fixing, together puts into the hacking faying face of aluminium alloy plate 2 and aluminum matrix composite 3 the chamber type electric resistance furnace heating, when heating-up temperature (being rolling temperature) reaches 550 ℃, send on the irreversible milling train of φ 360 * 600mm two rollers reduction ratio be 70% and the condition of mill speed=30m/min under the rolling particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board that is combined into, with rolling particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board under 480 ℃, carry out diffusion annealing and handle, then the composite board after the annealing in process is bent to and test: crooked 11 times of 480 ℃/2h annealing in process is intact; Crooked 9 times of 480 ℃/10h annealing in process, intact, the composite board of 480 ℃/2h annealing in process is carried out shrend, after handling by 2024 aluminium aging technique systems, the surface strength of particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board increases greatly, and wearability improves.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of preparation method of particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board, it is characterized in that: the diameter that adopts stirring casting technology to provide is that the 2024Al/10%SiCp aluminum matrix composite billet of φ 170～200mm carries out the homogenising processing under 500 ℃ * 24h condition, billet after the homogenising processing is machined to the extruding ingot blank that diameter is φ 150～170mm, to push ingot blank through extruder and be squeezed into that (18-22mm) * (110～130mm) sheet material, extrusion temperature are controlled between 440～460 ℃; The sheet material branch of extrusion molding is broken into after 170～190mm length along being to be rolled into the aluminum matrix composite plate (3) that thickness is 1.0～3.0mm under 440～460 ℃ of conditions at hot-rolled temperature on the irreversible milling train laterally;
Before hot rolling is compound, steel plate (1) is adopted the sulfuric acid solution pickling, with the faying face hacking of steel plate (1), soak back absolute ethyl alcohol scrub surfaces with acetone;
Before hot rolling is compound, with sodium hydroxide solution alkali cleaning aluminium alloy plate (2) and aluminum matrix composite plate (3), with thickness be the aluminium alloy plate (2) of (0.5～1.5) mm and thickness for the faying face hacking of the aluminum matrix composite plate (3) of (1.0～3.0) mm, soak back absolute ethyl alcohol scrub surfaces with acetone soln;
Be combined the hacking faying face of steel plate (1), aluminium alloy plate (2) and aluminum matrix composite plate (3) fixing, together put into the heating furnace heating, 350～550 ℃ of the heating and temperature control of heating furnace, combination after the heating is rolled into particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board on irreversible milling train, rolling compound reduction ratio is 30～70%, and mill speed is≤30m/min;
Particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board after the hot rolling is carried out diffusion annealing handle under 450～480 ℃ of conditions, the particle reinforced aluminum-matrix steel-backed composite board after the annealing is carried out Water Quenching and Ageing Treatment.
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| CN105772506A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-20 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Production method for Si/Al particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material sheet |
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| CN112025215A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-04 | 奥科宁克（昆山）铝业有限公司 | Production process of three-layer composite aluminum plate for cooker |
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| CN114247748A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-29 | 太原理工大学 | Method for rolling steel/aluminum alloy composite plate by using secondary component metal at different temperatures and product thereof |
| CN114247748B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-12-22 | 太原理工大学 | Method for rolling steel/aluminum alloy composite plate by two times of minor component metals at different temperatures and product thereof |
| CN115449729A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-12-09 | 广东工业大学 | Preparation method for promoting recrystallization and grain refinement of hexa-aluminum ceramic material in staged manner and aluminum-based composite sheet prepared by same |
| CN115449729B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-08-29 | 广东工业大学 | Preparation method for promoting recrystallization and grain refinement of six-series aluminum ceramic material in stages and aluminum-based composite sheet prepared by preparation method |
| CN116871322A (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-10-13 | 太原理工大学 | Preparation method of particle reinforced layered metal composite plate based on multipass rolling forming |
| CN116871322B (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2024-02-27 | 太原理工大学 | Preparation method of particle reinforced layered metal composite plate based on multipass rolling forming |
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