CN102794300B - Production method of 304 stainless steel and pure-copper cold compound coiled material - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production method of a 304 stainless steel and a pure-copper cold compound coiled material. The production method comprises the following process steps of: (1) preparing raw materials: carrying out surface oil-removing and decontaminating treatment on 304 coldly-rolling stainless steel and a pure-copper coiled material; (2) carrying out compound rolling: conveying the 304 coldly-rolling stainless steel and a copper metal material into a compound rolling machine to carry out synchronous room-temperature continuous compound rolling; (3) dispreading and annealing: carrying out the dispreading and annealing on a rolled stainless steel copper compound coiled material on an alloy layer; (4) flattening the stainless steel copper compound coiled material which is dispread and annealed; (5) carrying out bending and strengthening treatment on the flattened stainless steel copper compound coiled material; and (6) carrying out cutlengthing and splitting on the stainless steel copper compound coiled material to form a 304 stainless steel and copper cold compound material. The production method disclosed by the invention has a simple manufacturing process and low production cost; and the corrosion resistance of the steel-copper compound coiled material is strong and no rusts are formed on the end surfaced of the steel-copper compound coiled material, so that the requirements of a plurality of indoor and outdoor decorative materials are met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production method of a kind of 304 stainless steels and the cold composite sheet material of fine copper, belong to stainless steel and carbon/carbon-copper composite material technical field.
Background technology
304 stainless steels are a kind of common general stainless steels, are also called in the industry 18/8 stainless steel, have good stainless decay resistance and good anti intercrystalline corrosion performance.Rustless property is more eager to excel in whatever one does than the stainless steel material of 200 series.High temperature resistant aspect is also relatively good, and the general serviceability temperature limit is less than 650 DEG C.Corrosion resistance is better than 430 stainless steels, but price is more cheap than 316 stainless steels again, be applicable in life, and be the food stage stainless steel of authorized by state, be suitable for processing, storage and the transport of food; There is good processing characteristics and solderability, be applicable to plate type heat exchanger, bellows, household supplies, building materials, chemistry, food industry etc.
Fine copper is aubergine, claims again red copper.Fine copper density is 8.96g/cm
3, fusing point is 1083 DEG C, has good electric conductivity, thermal conductivity, ductility and corrosion resistance.Be mainly used in making the heat conduction equipment such as the flat plate collector of the electrotechnical apparatus such as generator, bus, cable, switching device, transformer and heat exchanger, pipeline, solar heat collector.
The common ply-metal mode of production is broadly divided into: blast composite algorithm, hot rolling composite algorithm and cold rolling composite algorithm etc.The compound high-voltage pulse load producing while utilizing explosive charge of exploding realizes the metallurgical binding of foreign material, often be applicable to produce the compound spiral-plate of one side, product thickness is also restricted, it does the energy with explosive and has produced the sound and shock wave hugely, brings to environment around and people and pollutes and stimulate.The oxidation at hot rolling is compound will prevent from heating time interface, need to carry out vacuum or weld airtight, complex process, product thickness and bed thickness ratio are difficult to control, and are generally suitable for blank and produce.Start cold rolling composite algorithm the 1950's and started for industrial production coiled composite, can single, double surface compound, size be accurate, and efficiency is high, but bond strength is low and unstable, and composite facing steel layer easily gets rusty.In sum, with traditional ply-metal mode of production, the copper steel composite sheet material of producing, in continuous flow procedure, exists technique dumb, and end face steel layer easily gets rusty, the unequal problem of composite bed thickness, can not meet existing market client's demand.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency existing in conventional composite technology, thereby provide the production method of a kind of 304 stainless steels and the cold composite sheet material of fine copper, the method production efficiency is high, cost is low, dimensional accuracy is high, product stability is good, and the problems such as surface oxidation, the end face that can effectively improve composite easily gets rusty, composite bed inhomogeneities, meet the need of market.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, the production method of a kind of 304 stainless steels and the cold composite sheet material of fine copper, adopts following processing step:
(1), raw-material surface treatment:
Raw material: substrate is selected 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials, and composite bed is selected copper coiled material, Material cladding ratio is 10～20%; 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials, fine copper coiled material are carried out to surface deoiling processing by cleaning and degreasing method, the NaOH solution that the molten employing mass concentration of degreasing is 12%～18%, temperature is controlled at 60 DEG C～80 DEG C; Degreasing time is with strip surface light, be as the criterion without greasy dirt, 90～110 DEG C of bake out temperatures
(2), composite rolling:
(a), the width of 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials is 500～650mm; Thickness is 0.5～2.5mm; 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials are carried out to surface texturing polishing in Sanding Area, require 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled material overall with uniform grindings, grinding depth is 0.05～0.10mm;
(b), fine copper coiled material carried out to one side carefully brush, remove surface film oxide, copper coil thickness is 0.2mm～0.5mm, width is 500～650mm;
(c), above-mentioned 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials and two kinds of metal materials of fine copper coiled material of handling well through polishing are sent on composite rolling mill, carrying out synchronous normal-temperature continuous composite rolling is stainless steel copper composite sheet material, 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled material tension force are set as 4000～5000Kg, copper coiled material tension force is set as 200 ~ 400Kg, compound backward pull is set as 6000～8000Kg, and composite rolling mill speed is 10～20 ms/min;
(3), diffusion annealing: the stainless steel copper composite sheet material after rolling carries out the diffusion annealing of alloy-layer, and annealing way adopts bell-type slow cooling, and furnace atmosphere is ammonia decomposition gas; I.e. 75% hydrogen+25% nitrogen, for ensureing copper and stainless diffusion annealing, stainless steel copper composite sheet material annealing temperature is 1050 DEG C～1150 DEG C, temperature retention time is Slow cooling after 2～3 hours, in sensitized zone, 850 ~ 500 DEG C should be quickly cooled to 350 DEG C, to avoid Carbide Precipitation, finally slowly cool to 75～85 DEG C and come out of the stove, tensile strength reaches 380MPa～480MPa, and percentage elongation is greater than 15%;
(4), the stainless steel copper composite sheet material after diffusion annealing is carried out under planisher smooth, temper pressure is 100～200 tons, smooth speed is 20～50 ms/min;
(5), above-mentioned stainless steel copper composite sheet material after smooth is carried out to stretch-bending straightening processing, speed is 20～50 ms/min, and elongation control is in 5%; Ensure that surface smoothness is greater than 7 grades, smooth amount is less than 5%;
(6) the stainless steel copper composite sheet material after above-mentioned stretch-bending straightening being carried out to scale itemize according to customer requirement is 304 stainless steels and the cold composite of copper, and minimum itemize width is 20mm, and width tolerance is ± 0.10, and itemize speed is 12～18 ms/min.
In described composite rolling step (2), stainless steel copper composite sheet material composite thickness is controlled at 0.8～1.0mm, and rolling deformation rate is 70～80%.
In described composite rolling step (2), 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials, two kinds of metal materials of fine copper coiled material are not heat-treated, and carry out as requested bilayer or three layers of rolling are complex as stainless steel copper composite sheet material.
In described double-layer stainless steel copper composite sheet material, substrate is 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials, and composite bed is T2 fine copper coiled material, and it is 10～20% that composite bed accounts for composite weight ratio.
In described three layers of stainless steel copper composite sheet material, substrate is 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials, and composite bed is two-layer T2 fine copper coiled material, and it is 10～20% that composite bed accounts for composite weight ratio.
Manufacturing process of the present invention is simple, raw material convenient sources, and production cost is low, can effectively make up the defect of existing market composite, and stainless steel copper composite sheet material corrosion resistance is strong, and end face, without getting rusty, can meet the demand of a lot of indoor and outdoor ornament materials.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
The raw material that adopt are in embodiments of the present invention market and purchase, and the equipment of employing is pair rolling unit, comprises that cleaning and degreasing machine, composite rolling mill, bell-type annealing furnace, planisher, straightener etc. are linked to be unit.
Embodiment mono-: the production method of a kind of 304 stainless steels of the present invention and the cold composite sheet material of fine copper, adopts following processing step:
Raw material substrate is selected 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials, and its width is 620 ㎜, and thickness is 2.0 ㎜; T2 fine copper coiled material, its width is 620mm, thickness is 0.2mm; 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled material weight are 5000Kg, and individual layer fine copper coil weight is 500Kg; Degreasing time is with strip surface light, be as the criterion without greasy dirt;
1, getting 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials and T2 fine copper coiled material is placed on and on cleaning and degreasing unit, carries out chemical degreasing processing, in solution tank, put into the degreasant solution that the degreasing agent of the water of 1000 kilograms and 120 kg is made, degreasant solution adopts the NaOH solution that mass concentration is 12%, and temperature is controlled at 70 DEG C; Degreasing time is with strip surface light, be as the criterion without greasy dirt; Degreasing time is: 80 ms/min; Bake out temperature is 90 DEG C;
2, be placed on respectively three of upper, middle and lower uncoiler by above-mentioned through the T2 of chemical degreasing processing fine copper coiled material, 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials and T2 fine copper coiled material, three-layer metal carries out surface finish processing simultaneously, sander rotating speed is 1600 revs/min, by composite surface polishing completely and grinding depth suitable, stainless steel grinding depth is 0.07mm, and copper strips grinding depth is 0.02mm;
3, above-mentioned T2 fine copper coiled material, 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials and three kinds of metal materials of T2 fine copper coiled material of handling well through polishing are sent on composite rolling mill, 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled material tension force are set as 5000Kg, copper coiled material tension force is set as 200Kg, compound backward pull is set as 6000Kg, composite rolling mill speed is 18 ms/min, compound rear THICKNESS CONTROL 0.8mm, rolling deformation rate is 80%;
4, above-mentioned compound good copper/stainless steel/copper composite sheet material is carried out to diffusion annealing, its binding strength is strengthened, reach not stratified effect.Employing clock hood type furnace annealing, in stove, protective gas is the mist (i.e. 75% hydrogen+25% nitrogen) that ammonia decomposes, and protects metal surface light not oxidized, and effects on surface oxide-film carries out high hydrogen reduction, throughput control is 15m
3/ hour, mode of heating adopts heated by natural gas, and diffusion annealing temperature is 1100 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2.5 hours, reaches molecular diffusion between stainless steel and copper, makes its faying face form alloy-layer.Should be quickly cooled to 350 DEG C at sensitized zone 850-500 DEG C, to avoid Carbide Precipitation, finally slowly cool to 80 DEG C and come out of the stove, tensile strength reaches 400MPa left and right, and percentage elongation is greater than 15%;
5, the stainless steel copper composite sheet material after above-mentioned diffusion annealing is carried out to planisher smooth, eliminate material yield platform impression, ensure that surface smoothness is greater than 7 grades, smooth amount is less than 5%, and smooth power is 100 tons, and speed is 20 ms/min;
6, above-mentioned stainless steel copper composite sheet material after smooth is carried out to stretch-bending straightening processing, speed is 40 ms/min, and elongation control is in 5%;
7, the composite sheet material after above-mentioned stretch-bending straightening being carried out to scale itemize according to customer requirement is 304 stainless steels and the cold composite of copper, and minimum itemize width is 20mm, and width tolerance is ± 0.10, and itemize speed is 15 ms/min.
Embodiment bis-: the production method of a kind of 304 stainless steels of the present invention and the cold composite sheet material of fine copper, adopt following processing step,
Substrate is selected 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials, and its width is 580 ㎜, and thickness is 2.0 ㎜; Composite bed is selected T2 fine copper coiled material, and its width is 580mm, and thickness is 0.2mm; Stainless-steel roll weight is 5000Kg, and individual layer copper volume weight is 500Kg;
1, getting 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials and T2 fine copper coiled material is placed on and on cleaning and degreasing unit, carries out chemical degreasing processing, in solution tank, put into the degreasant solution that the degreasing agent of the water of 1000 kilograms and 150 kilograms is made, the NaOH solution that the molten employing mass concentration of degreasing is 15%, temperature is controlled at 80 DEG C; Degreasing time is with strip surface light, be as the criterion without greasy dirt; Degreasing time is: 80 ms/min; Bake out temperature is 90 DEG C;
2, the above-mentioned 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials through chemical degreasing processing and T2 fine copper coiled material are placed on respectively, in two uncoilers, double layer of metal is carried out surface finish processing simultaneously, sander rotating speed is 1600 revs/min, by composite surface polishing completely and grinding depth suitable, stainless steel grinding depth is 0.07mm, and copper strips grinding depth is 0.02mm;
3, above-mentioned 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials and two kinds of metals of T2 fine copper coiled material of handling well through polishing are sent on composite rolling mill, stainless steel band tension force is set as 4500Kg, copper volume tension force is set as 150Kg, compound backward pull is set as 6000Kg, composite rolling mill speed is 15 ms/min, compound rear THICKNESS CONTROL 0.9mm, rolling deformation rate is 75%;
4, above-mentioned compound good stainless steel copper composite sheet material is carried out to two kinds of intermetallic diffusion annealings, its binding strength is strengthened, reach not stratified effect.Employing clock hood type furnace annealing, in stove, protective gas is the mist (i.e. 75% hydrogen+25% nitrogen) that ammonia decomposes, and protects metal surface light not oxidized, and effects on surface oxide-film carries out high hydrogen reduction, throughput control is 15m
3/ hour, mode of heating adopts heated by natural gas, and diffusion annealing temperature is 1050 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2 hours, reaches molecular diffusion between stainless steel and copper, makes its faying face form alloy-layer; Should be quickly cooled to 350 DEG C at sensitized zone 850-500 DEG C, avoid Carbide Precipitation, last furnace cooling, the interior temperature of stove is 80 DEG C and comes out of the stove below; Tensile strength reaches 420MPa, and percentage elongation is greater than 15%;
5, the stainless steel copper composite sheet material after above-mentioned diffusion annealing is carried out to planisher smooth, eliminate material yield platform impression, ensure that surface smoothness is greater than 7 grades, smooth amount is less than 5%, and smooth power is 150 tons, and speed is 20 ms/min;
6, above-mentioned stainless steel copper composite sheet material after smooth is carried out to stretch-bending straightening processing, speed is 30 ms/min, and elongation control is in 5%;
7, the stainless steel copper composite sheet material after above-mentioned stretch-bending straightening being carried out to scale itemize according to customer requirement is 304 stainless steels and the cold composite of copper, and minimum itemize width is 20mm, and width tolerance is ± 0.10, and itemize speed is 15 ms/min.
Embodiment tri-: the production method of a kind of 304 stainless steels of the present invention and the cold composite sheet material of copper, adopts following processing step:
Substrate is selected 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials, and its width is 550 ㎜, and thickness is 2.0 ㎜; Composite bed is selected T2 fine copper coiled material, and its width is 550mm, and thickness is 0.2mm; Stainless-steel roll weight is 5000Kg, and individual layer copper volume weight is 500Kg;
1, getting 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials and T2 fine copper coiled material is placed on and on cleaning and degreasing unit, carries out chemical degreasing processing, in solution tank, put into the degreasing agent solution that the degreasing agent of the water of 1000 kilograms and 180 kilograms is made, the NaOH solution that the molten employing mass concentration of degreasing is 18%, temperature is controlled at 70 DEG C; Degreasing time is with strip surface light, be as the criterion without greasy dirt; Degreasing time is: 10 seconds; Bake out temperature is 90 DEG C;
2, be placed on respectively on the different uncoilers in upper, middle and lower through the T2 of chemical degreasing processing fine copper coiled material, cold-rolling stainless steel coiled material and T2 fine copper coiled material above-mentioned, three-layer metal carries out surface finish processing simultaneously, sander rotating speed is 1600 revs/min, by composite surface polishing completely and grinding depth suitable, stainless steel grinding depth is 0.07mm, and copper strips grinding depth is 0.02mm;
3, above-mentioned T2 fine copper coiled material, cold-rolling stainless steel coiled material and the T2 fine copper coiled material three-layer metal of handling well through polishing sent on composite rolling mill, stainless steel coiled material tension force is set as 4000Kg, copper coiled material tension force is set as 300Kg, compound backward pull is set as 7000Kg, composite rolling mill speed is 20 ms/min, compound rear THICKNESS CONTROL 1.0mm, rolling deformation rate is 70%;
4, above-mentioned compound good stainless steel copper composite sheet material is carried out to three kinds of intermetallic diffusion annealings, its binding strength is strengthened, reach not stratified effect.Employing clock hood type furnace annealing, in stove, protective gas is the mist (i.e. 75% hydrogen+25% nitrogen) that ammonia decomposes, and protects metal surface light not oxidized, and effects on surface oxide-film carries out high hydrogen reduction, throughput control is 15～20m
3/ hour, mode of heating adopts heated by natural gas, and diffusion annealing temperature is 1050 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2 hours, reaches molecular diffusion between stainless steel and copper, makes its faying face form alloy-layer; In sensitized zone, 850 ~ 500 DEG C should be quickly cooled to 350 DEG C, avoid Carbide Precipitation, last furnace cooling, and the interior temperature of stove is 80 DEG C and comes out of the stove below; Tensile strength reaches 450MPa, and percentage elongation is greater than 15%;
5, the stainless steel copper composite sheet material after above-mentioned diffusion annealing is carried out to planisher smooth, eliminate material yield platform impression, ensure that surface smoothness is greater than 7 grades, smooth rate is less than 5%, and smooth power is 100～200 tons, and speed is 20 ms/min;
6, above-mentioned stainless steel copper composite sheet material after smooth is carried out to stretch-bending straightening processing, speed is 30 ms/min, and elongation control is in 5%;
7, the stainless steel copper composite sheet material after above-mentioned stretch-bending straightening being carried out to scale itemize according to customer requirement is 304 stainless steels and the cold composite of copper, and minimum itemize width is 20mm, and width tolerance is ± 0.10, and itemize speed is 15 ms/min.
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of 304 stainless steels and the cold composite sheet material of fine copper, 304 stainless steels and T2 fine copper composite sheet material are a kind of taking 304 stainless steels as substrate, the bimetallic high efficiency energy saving new composite of single or double complex copper layer.Both had the surface of copper material light attractive in appearance, good extensibility, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, wearability, have again the combination property that 304 stainless steels are good.
Claims (1)
1. a production method for 304 stainless steels and the cold composite sheet material of fine copper, is characterized in that: adopt following processing step:
(1), raw-material surface treatment:
Raw material: substrate is selected 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials, and composite bed is selected fine copper coiled material, Material cladding ratio is 10～20%; By cleaning and degreasing method, 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials, fine copper coiled material are carried out to surface deoiling processing, degreasant solution adopts the NaOH solution that mass concentration is 12%～18%, and temperature is controlled at 60 DEG C～80 DEG C; Degreasing time is with strip surface light, be as the criterion without greasy dirt, 90～110 DEG C of bake out temperatures;
(2), composite rolling:
(a), the width of 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials is 500～650mm; Thickness is 0.5～2.5mm; 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials are carried out to surface texturing polishing in Sanding Area, require 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled material overall with uniform grindings, grinding depth is 0.05～0.10mm;
(b), fine copper coiled material carried out to one side carefully brush, remove surface film oxide, fine copper coil thickness is 0.2mm～0.5mm, width is 500～650mm;
(c), above-mentioned 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials and two kinds of metal materials of fine copper coiled material of handling well through polishing are sent on composite rolling mill, carrying out synchronous normal-temperature continuous composite rolling is stainless steel copper composite sheet material, 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled material tension force are set as 4000～5000Kg, fine copper coiled material tension force is set as 200～400Kg, compound backward pull is set as 6000～8000Kg, and composite rolling mill speed is 10～20 ms/min;
(3), diffusion annealing: the stainless steel copper composite sheet material after rolling carries out the diffusion annealing of alloy-layer, and annealing way adopts bell-type slow cooling, and furnace atmosphere is ammonia decomposition gas; I.e. 75% hydrogen+25% nitrogen, for ensureing copper and stainless diffusion annealing, stainless steel copper composite sheet material annealing temperature is 1050 DEG C～1150 DEG C, temperature retention time is Slow cooling after 2～3 hours, in sensitized zone, 850～500 DEG C should be quickly cooled to 350 DEG C, to avoid Carbide Precipitation, finally slowly cool to 75～85 DEG C and come out of the stove, tensile strength reaches 380MPa～480MPa, and percentage elongation is greater than 15%;
(4), the stainless steel copper composite sheet material after diffusion annealing is carried out under planisher smooth, temper pressure is 100～200 tons, smooth speed is 20～50 ms/min;
(5), above-mentioned stainless steel copper composite sheet material after smooth is carried out to stretch-bending straightening processing, speed is 20～50 ms/min, and elongation control is in 5%; Ensure that surface smoothness is greater than 7 grades, smooth amount is less than 5%;
(6) the stainless steel copper composite sheet material after above-mentioned stretch-bending straightening being carried out to scale itemize according to customer requirement is 304 stainless steels and the cold composite of fine copper, and minimum itemize width is 20mm, and width tolerance is ± 0.10, and itemize speed is 12～18 ms/min;
In described composite rolling step (2), stainless steel copper composite sheet material composite thickness is controlled at 0.8～1.0mm, and rolling deformation rate is 70～80%;
In described composite rolling step (2), 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials, two kinds of metal materials of fine copper coiled material are not heat-treated, and carry out as requested bilayer or three layers of rolling are complex as stainless steel copper composite sheet material;
In described double-layer stainless steel copper composite sheet material, substrate is 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials, and composite bed is fine copper coiled material, and it is 10～20% that composite bed accounts for composite weight ratio;
In described three layers of stainless steel copper composite sheet material, substrate is 304 cold-rolling stainless steel coiled materials, and composite bed is two-layer fine copper coiled material, and it is 10～20% that composite bed accounts for composite weight ratio.
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