CN101583265A - Method of collecting seeds - Google Patents
Method of collecting seeds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101583265A CN101583265A CNA2007800500941A CN200780050094A CN101583265A CN 101583265 A CN101583265 A CN 101583265A CN A2007800500941 A CNA2007800500941 A CN A2007800500941A CN 200780050094 A CN200780050094 A CN 200780050094A CN 101583265 A CN101583265 A CN 101583265A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- tubule
- seed pod
- seed
- plant
- fabric
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D91/00—Methods for harvesting agricultural products
- A01D91/04—Products growing above the soil
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
Abstract
A method of collecting seeds from a plant of Apocynaceae family, using a special implement (tubulet) for the seedpods, ripe seedpods covered with the tubulets, and seeds obtained by the method.
Description
Technical field
Seed and seed pod (seedpod) from Apocynaceae (Apocynaceae) plant the present invention relates to collect.
Background technology
Apocynaceae plant is a meat eremophytes section, and it comprises that fire ground subgenus (Hoodia), the buffalo palm belong to (Caralluma), the ox horn palm belongs to beautiful belong to (Lavrania) of (Orbea), leopard Pittosporum (Stapelia) and Buddhist head.Some active substance (active) that can obtain from fire ground subgenus plant is steroid glycoside for example, has shown to have appetite suppressant activity and useful in the Weight control product.Many examples in these species fierily subgenus in endangered species tabulation, thereby make that the collection of wild plant is impossible.The commerce of Apocynaceae (Apocynacea) plant is cultivated and results have become interested.
Unfortunately, the cultivation of many species is full of difficulty.Crucial cultivation stage is that the harvested product that enriches of collecting healthy seed is used for following plantation.The seed pod is split gradually when maturation, and the seed that is equipped with drogue-parachute (being positioned at the featheriness adjunct of an end of seed) easily leaves the seed pod gradually by for example wind motion, and carries and arrive the various distances of leaving mother plant by the air-flow of all directions.Therefore, many seeds are lost.Remainder must be collected from ground, and this may damage the quality of seed.
Women's nylons, net, mosquito-proof net and cheese cloth (cheese cloth) use on the plant except that those of Apocynaceae has obtained describing.Referring to, for example, CollectingSeeds, Burke ' s Backyard, 1999; Fort Irwin-Seed Collection, Soil EcologyRestoration Group, on April 9th, 1998; People such as Fidelibus, Native Seedcollection, processing, and storage for revegetation projects, Restorationin the Colorado Desert:Management Notes, in October, 1993.
Unfortunately, the various materials of describing in these files do not provide the commercial acceptable solution of preserving challenge about the unique seed that is caused by apocynaceae plant.The seed pod that looks like stem has various yardsticks---and some are thin and some are looser; Described yardstick also changes along with the growth of seed pod, becomes dry then.In addition, the seed pod grows up with diagonal.The protective material of previously known can't enough cooperate closely: if tie up to (for example women's stocking ties up to around the seed pod) around the seed pod, so they or come off, perhaps cooperate too tightly, this infringement seed pod and do not allow growth.Any commercial acceptable utensil also needs reusable---another challenge demand, because apocynaceae plant grows under the desert condition of harshness, and the growth in long-time relatively section of seed pod.
Summary of the invention
The present invention includes the method for collecting from the seed of apocynaceae plant, described method comprises:
(a) tubule (tubulet) is placed on the well-developed seed pod, wherein tubule is resilient along transverse axis, and on 2 ends of the longitudinal axis, have opening, and make by the braid (woven) or the knitted fabric (knit) that have at least about the thickness of 0.1mm;
(b) allow the seed pod ripe in tubule;
(c) ripe seed pod is separated with plant;
(d) from tubule, take out ripe seed pod,
(e) collect seed.
The present invention further comprises from the seed pod of the maturation of apocynaceae plant separation, described seed pod is covered by tubule, described tubule is resilient along transverse axis, and has opening on 2 ends of the longitudinal axis, and is made by the braid or the knitted fabric that have at least about the thickness of 0.1mm.
Embodiment
Remove in operational example and Comparative Examples, or when offering some clarification in addition, indication reaction material or the amount of condition, the physical property of material and/or all numerals of purposes are to be understood that to being modified by word " pact " in this specification.
Should be understood that any concrete upper limit can combine with any concrete lower limit aspect any scope of appointment.
For fear of query, word " comprise " mean " comprising " but not necessarily " by ... form " or " by ... constitute ".In other words, listed step or option are not necessarily detailed.
Apocynaceae plant
The present invention is used to collect the seed of apocynaceae plant, this includes but not limited to that fiery ground subgenus, buffalo slap genus, ox horn palm genus, leopard Pittosporum and the beautiful genus of Buddhist head, more preferably fire ground subgenus plant is because about the demand sustainable growth derived from the appetite suppressant activity material of fire ground subgenus plant.Fire ground subgenus includes but not limited to beautiful cup angle (Hoodia gordonii), Hoodia currorii, Hoodia juttae, Hoodia dregei, Hoodia parviflora, Hoodia pilifera, Hoodiaalstonii, Hoodia flava, Hoodia officinalis, Hoodia mossamedensis, Hoodiatriebneri, Hoodia pedicellata, Hoodia rushii.The present invention is valuable especially for beautiful cup angle plant, because have maximum security and the effect that is used for the Weight control product derived from the activity of beautiful cup angle plant.
The elasticity tubule
Being suitable for elasticity tubule of the present invention is tubule sample fabric utensil, and it has opening (as in pipe) on 2 ends of the longitudinal axis, and is made by elastic braided fabric or knitted fabric.The special advantage of tubule of the present invention is that because its elasticity and its size, it cooperates with the accurate of seed pod.
At least the elasticity along transverse axis is crucial: tubule of the present invention is not only stretchable, but flexible, and promptly it can recover original shape after distortion; It is with resilience to stretching.Can not stretch at all or can stretch very much and do not have flexible utensil to be difficult to use and/or come off.Tubule is flexible in the horizontal, and preferably flexible in the vertical; Under the situation that does not have biaxial tension, tubule is not easy to use and also can't cooperate.
Preferably, under strength by the seed pod performance of the maturation of Apocynaceae, fabric has at least 30% on vertical and horizontal, more preferably 30-200% even be more preferably 40-150% and the elasticity of 50-100% most preferably, wherein the elasticity of X% is interpreted as, and length increases X% under mentioned strength.Preferably, elasticity at least 90% is reversible, and its strength is cancelled if this is interpreted as stretching, and fabric recovers its original-shape to such degree so, thereby makes in the length at least 90% increase reverse.Even this allows fabric also to continue to keep after reducing once more aspect the size the seed pod.Return back to its original traits and big or small ability of so far planting very big degree and also allow tubule repeated use better in the seed collection in future.
According to the present invention, after being positioned on the seed pod, the elastic property of tubule allow it to hug the seed pod closely (tubule " is caught " the seed pod, no matter concrete seed pod is thin relatively or hypertrophy.Thereafter, tubule continues along with the growth of seed pod to stretch, thereby permission seed pod grows in the clear and reaches maturity, and also enough closely cooperates simultaneously, so that micro pest is to seed pod minimum near dropping to basically (with the insecticide combination).When final maturation of seed pod and beginning drying, tubule continues to follow the shape of seed pod, and continues to cooperate closely, rather than comes off.
Except be flexible, the durability of tubule and reusability are enhanced according to the present invention by the thickness of tubule by its fabric of making.Fabric according to the present invention have 0.1mm at least, preferred 0.2mm at least, most preferably at least 0.5mm, be generally 0.1-1mm, preferred 0.2-0.8mm, most preferably the thickness of 0.5-0.8mm (with general women's nylons 0.05mm or lower thickness or the thickness of nylon tight-Yue 0.49mm, but non-enough can stretch or elasticity relatively).Although the special advantage of tubule of the present invention is quite thick in the optimization reusability, the material of tubule is still ventilative and allows the light transmission, and this is for the optimum health of seed pod and to grow that yes important.Fabric with air permeability and good is essential, so that the seed pod continues its normal gas (CO2 and O2) function of exchange.
The concrete yardstick of tubule depends on concrete plant species, but must for example preferably cover the seed pod at least about 60%, preferred at least 75% seed pod lengthwise, and laterally also cooperates closely.For example, the seed pod of beautiful cup angle plant has following average dimension: usually, and length: 100-200mm, width 7.5-16mm; Preferably, length: 150mm; Width: 12mm-15mm.Tubule should cooperate thick and thin seed pod, and preferably it should cover at least 60% seed pod length, most preferably covers at least 75% seed pod.
When tubule expection of the present invention is used for the particularly beautiful cup of fire ground subgenus angle plant, the yardstick of tubule is long 100mm-200mm, preferred 130mm-160mm, and wide 15mm-23mm (depending on the type of fabric and the elasticity of fabric), best long 150mm and wide 20mm (these yardsticks comprise suture).The girth of seed pod should be from 30 to 50mm and difference, and should be able to be covered by tubule by means of the drawing of fiber fabric.
The reusability of tubule is most important in commercial the cultivation, and wherein taking turns results for one may need millions of tubules.Preferred tubule is also to tearing or " off-line (runs) " has resistance.In addition, tubule should preferably have the UV resistance, because it is exposed to harsh UV radiation considerable time section.Therefore, preferred tubule has UV resistance coating/surface layer and/or is made by the fabric of UV resistance more.Preferred tubule is a white or light, for example cream-coloured, so that arrive minimum from the heat drop at sunshine.
For the durability of optimization tubule, their preferred seamless manufacturings (although this is expensively) or by the manufacture of materials of turning up, thus make the only single seam of a side along the longitudinal axis along tubule.Seam is a weakness, so seam is few more, utensil is firm more.Seam is preferred with double suture and further sew with safe suture, to guarantee the seam intensity of the best.
Comprise by its suitable material of making about the fabric of the tubule among the present invention and fiber based on synthetic organic polymer to include but not limited to polyester, polyamide, acrylic acid, polyurethanes and composition thereof.Preferably, the fiber bundle of textile material is orderly, and knitted together with neat regular fabric.Preferably, fabric is substantially free of cotton (eliminating suture), generally comprise less than 10% cotton, preferably less than 5% cotton, most preferably less than 1% cotton, best 0%.Fiber bundle do not exist and/or more at random, the structure of fabric can cause undesirable tearing or " off-line " in the fabric.
Using method
The inventive method seed from apocynaceae plant that is used to collect also protects seed pod and seed not encroached on by the predator simultaneously.
The seed pod of apocynaceae plant experiences several developmental stage after pollination.In first stage, the seed pod grows---and this is time period of the seed pod that grown by the young primitive stage of seed pod betwixt.In the primitive stage, the seed pod in color normally mulberry and be soft.In second stage, the seed pod of growth grows and further develops into well-developed seed pod, and it is more shallow green/brown/purple in color and has hard sense of touch.In three phases, well-developed seed pod becomes fully-developed or ripe seed pod, shows green/light gray.The key signal that indication fully-developed or ripe seed pod are ready for results/collection in ensuing several Japan and China comprises that the seed pod becomes dry fully, and color is from the grey yellowing, and the sign that splits of demonstration.Time period between first stage and second stage is about 1 month.Well-developed seed pod with reach maturity/time period between the stage of ripeness also is about 1 month.
The method according to this invention, tubule is placed on the well-developed seed pod (in case when second stage of growing begins---seed pod color becomes more shallow green and the seed pod becomes harder from purple).Tubule should not be placed on the seed pod in the developmental stage, because this will hinder the normal development of seed pod, for example it can make the seed pod be out of shape or slow down the growth of seed pod.The elasticity tubule can allow well-developed seed pod growth and reach maturity, and is dry a little then, maintains the cooperation of being close on the seed pod simultaneously, still ventilative and printing opacity simultaneously, thereby allows seed pod eupnea and carry out photosynthesis.In case the seed pod enough reaches maturity, just collect it.Collection can the artificially or is finished by mechanical means.
Minimum for exposure to the predator is dropped to, can use insecticide.
Use insecticide, purpose is target seed pod and tubule especially.Insecticide can be used by using the knapsack sprayer artificially; described knapsack sprayer by shielded, be subjected to the training and qualified operator carry; perhaps they can be used by the boom sprayer that use is arranged on the tractor, described sprayer by shielded, be subjected to the training and qualified operator guide.Insecticide can also be applied on the top of tubule, preferably after tubule has been placed on the seed pod.
Tubule can be applied to the seed pod from start to finish in seed production time section, as long as the seed pod is a fully-developed.The application of tubule can be used with insecticide and seed collection moves combined.
According to the present invention, before collecting seed, allow fully-developed seed pod bone dry.When bone dry, pod will always be split, and in fact they are just beginning division early in the morning when the seed pod is still moistening, and become dry in the process at one day and discharge seed gradually.Preferably before splitting, the seed pod collects them, although some may split before collection.Under a kind of in the back situation, tubule prevents that also most of seeds from flying out or dropping on the ground.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, make still and separate with plant intratubular fully-developed seed pod.This can preferably finish by cutting with any known way, wherein uses cutter or cuts (or only plucking), thereby make the seed pod cut neatly from mother plant, thereby prevent unnecessary damage.Compare with the seed pod with some moisture, results become dry to such an extent that considerable seed pod is important---and this will eliminate the fungal infection in the storage process before seed cleans.Ripe seed pod with separation of the tubule that still wraps up them is collected subsequently and is air-dry.Can use any known drying means, preferably air-dry (most economical).The seed pod that preferably will have tubule is placed in (packing gently to improve air-flow) breathable, loose weave (for example nylon) bag, is suspended on then in the dry room with enough air-flows and (can uses fan).Whole exsiccation that this finishes the seed pod and follows seed.This will make seed pod and seed in storage because residual moisture and rotten danger drops to minimum.The seed pod discharges from tubule subsequently, and this can get help by releasing the tubule content with bar, and seed is separated and collection.
Following specific embodiment further illustrates the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to it.
Embodiment 1-5 and Comparative examples A-B
The tubule that embodiment research is made by various fabrics and structure is to the effect of beautiful cup angle seed pod.Tubule among the embodiment 1-5 (all within the scope of the invention) is flexible; Be about 150mm and wide about 15mm (eliminating suture), and have single seam along the longitudinal axis.
The result and the observation of collecting are summarized in the table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment | Textile material | Fabric thickness (mm) | Crack structure | Observe |
| 1 (CVV) | Polyester; The fabric that ring-type is knitting; 130g/m 2 | Mean value: 0.529mm standard deviation: 0.007 | Single suture | Acceptable |
| 2 (raw silks) | Acrylic acid (tripolene) | Mean value: 0.63mm standard deviation: 0.012 | Double suture | Acceptable, but in tubule, produce maximum " off-line " |
| 3 (dela-plast) | Texturised (texturised) polyester; Clan's interlock (tribal inerlock); Stringer (meeting at right angles) 18/cm with warp; 130g/m 2 | Mean value: 0.529mm standard deviation: 0.007 | Double suture adds safe suture.Suture length: 2.55mm | Acceptable |
| 4 (sky-1) | Block polyurethanes (Lycra) | Mean value: 0.55mm standard deviation: 0.008 | Single suture | Splendid elasticity is more expensive. |
| 5 (sky-2) | Polyester (trilobal, polyester) | Mean value: 0.606mm standard deviation: 0.005 | Single suture | Sometimes the width of these tubules is too little, thereby causes differing from or mismatch (be not best flexible) on the seed pod. |
| A: nylon tight | 100% nylon (knitting) | Mean value: 0.489mm standard deviation: 0.005 | N/A | Very tight, non-enough can the stretching or elasticity |
| B: nylons | 100% nylon | Mean value: 0.0035mm | N/A | Can stretch very much, easily off-line resut. |
Carried out following other field observation, it illustrates the relevant knowledge of method with the tubule and/or the application testing tubule of other types:
Application that 1) made by cotton textiles and/or comprise cotton tubule in material blends has shown because solar radiation and absorb moisture cause that the degraded-cotton of tubule does not have elasticity in the rainfall event procedure.
2) that make by cotton textiles and/or comprise in material blends the application of cotton tubule has shown it is inappropriate, because it does not stretch along with developmental seed pod.Therefore tubule is the too tightly or too cooperation be close to around the seed pod of pine and can not guaranteeing.
Application that 3) made by cotton textiles and/or comprise cotton tubule in material blends has shown increases the incidence that the seed pod is attacked by insect and disease.The cooperation (as describing) that this does not guarantee to be close to owing to himself degraded (as describing at 1 time) of tubule or tubule at 2 times.2 kinds of situations all allow entering easily of insect and disease.
4) covering application less than the tubule of 60% seed pod length has shown and is not enough to protect the seed pod to avoid insect and disease.
5) cover application less than the tubule of 60% seed pod length and be presented at that to be not enough to protect the seed pod to avoid seed in the last stage of ripeness process loosening from pod.
Although the present invention is in this article with certain specificity and be described aspect its some preferred embodiment, but one of skill in the art will recognize that the sort of numerous changes, the modification and alternative that to have described, and these are in scope and spirit of the present invention.Expect all these modifications and change as this paper description and claimed scope of the present invention in, and the present invention only is subjected to the restriction of following claim scope, and this kind claim should reasonably be tried one's best and made an explanation widely.
Claims (23)
1. collect from the method for the seed of apocynaceae plant for one kind, described method comprises:
(a) tubule is placed on the well-developed seed pod, wherein said tubule is resilient along transverse axis, and has opening on 2 ends of the longitudinal axis, and is made by the braid or the knitted fabric that have at least about the thickness of 0.1mm;
(b) allow described seed pod ripe in described tubule;
(c) the seed pod of described maturation and described plant are separated;
(d) the seed pod of the described maturation of taking-up from described tubule,
(e) collect described seed.
2. the process of claim 1 wherein that described tubule covers the seed pod length at least about 60%.
3. claim 1 or 2 method, wherein said tubule covers the seed pod at least about 75%.
4. each method among the claim 1-3, wherein when smooth (eliminating suture), described tubule yardstick are for being about the about 200mm of 100mm-, and the about 20mm of wide about 13mm-.
5. each method among the claim 1-4, wherein said tubule is flexible on horizontal and vertical.
6. each method among the claim 1-5, wherein under the strength by the seed pod performance of the maturation of Apocynaceae, described fabric has at least 30% on vertical and horizontal, preferred 30-200%, be more preferably 40-150%, the elasticity of 50-10O% most preferably.
7. each method among the claim 1-6, wherein said fabric has the thickness of 0.2mm at least.
8. each method among the claim 1-7, wherein said fabric has the thickness of 0.5mm at least.
9. each method among the claim 1-8, wherein said tubule is reusable.
10. each method among the claim 1-9, wherein said tubule is to having torn resistance.
11. each method among the claim 1-10, wherein said tubule comprise the single seam along the longitudinal axis.
12. the method for claim 11, wherein said seam is made by double suture.
13. the method for claim 11 or 12, wherein said seam further comprises safe suture.
14. each method among the claim 11-13, wherein said seam is made by single suture.
15. each method among the claim 1-14, wherein said fabric is a breathable.
16. each method among the claim 1-15, wherein said fabric comprises the fiber based on synthetic organic polymer.
17. the method for claim 16, wherein said fiber is selected from polyester, polyamide, acrylic acid, polyurethanes and composition thereof.
18. each method among the claim 1-17, wherein said tubule are the light or any dull colors of white.
19. each method among the claim 1-18, wherein said seed pod separates with described plant by means of cutting or harvesting.
20. each method among the claim 1-19, it further comprises the seed pod drying that makes the maturation of described separation in the described tubule.
21. each method among the claim 1-20, wherein said plant are selected from fire ground subgenus plant.
22. the method for claim 21, wherein said plant are beautiful cup angles.
23. the seed pod of a maturation, it separates from apocynaceae plant, and described seed pod is covered by tubule, and described tubule is resilient along transverse axis, and on 2 ends of the longitudinal axis, have opening, and make by the braid or the knitted fabric that have at least about the thickness of 0.1mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US62536607A | 2007-01-22 | 2007-01-22 | |
| US11/625,366 | 2007-01-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101583265A true CN101583265A (en) | 2009-11-18 |
Family
ID=38996731
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007800500941A Pending CN101583265A (en) | 2007-01-22 | 2007-12-18 | Method of collecting seeds |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101583265A (en) |
| AP (1) | AP2009004920A0 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2007344987A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2009007133A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008089874A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT72738B (en) * | 1981-03-26 | 1982-06-18 | Sampson Michael James | Method to obtain better production from plants |
| US6166306A (en) * | 1998-10-22 | 2000-12-26 | Goldsmith Seeds, Inc. | Method of producing hybrid catharanthus using male sterility |
| NL1013023C2 (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2001-03-13 | Antonius Nicolaas Van Winden | Support for guiding growing plants, especially orchids, comprises elastic tube with incision which can be pressed open |
| US6594977B2 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-07-22 | Monsanto Technology, Llc | Seed collector |
-
2007
- 2007-12-18 CN CNA2007800500941A patent/CN101583265A/en active Pending
- 2007-12-18 WO PCT/EP2007/064124 patent/WO2008089874A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-12-18 MX MX2009007133A patent/MX2009007133A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-12-18 AP AP2009004920A patent/AP2009004920A0/en unknown
- 2007-12-18 AU AU2007344987A patent/AU2007344987A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2007344987A1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
| AP2009004920A0 (en) | 2009-08-31 |
| WO2008089874A1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
| MX2009007133A (en) | 2009-07-09 |
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Open date: 20091118 |