CN101580981B - Draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning - Google Patents
Draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning Download PDFInfo
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- CN101580981B CN101580981B CN2009100517214A CN200910051721A CN101580981B CN 101580981 B CN101580981 B CN 101580981B CN 2009100517214 A CN2009100517214 A CN 2009100517214A CN 200910051721 A CN200910051721 A CN 200910051721A CN 101580981 B CN101580981 B CN 101580981B
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Abstract
The invention provides a draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning. The method is characterized in that firstly refined dry cotton is subject to stretch breaking, and then performing leather ring drafting, primary gilling, straight form gilling and secondary gilling in sequence so as to obtain fine drafts. In the invention, two procedures of cotton opening and roller draft combing in the current combined draft making is substituted, thus avoiding fiber damage caused by vigorous action of the sawtooth on a fiber, effectively reducing draft knot and providing good condition for improving the quality of the fine draft and the spun silk. Meanwhile, stretch breaking device is simple in mechanism and small in occupation area and the whole flow process of silk spinning is shortened compared with the cotton opening and roller draft combing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning, belong to the Textile Engineering technical field.
Background technology
Silk spinning is the spinning process that becomes the natural silk fiber process on spun silk, and it is mainly with spinning after the waste material of silk and filature or the arrangement cut-out of getting a foothold.The spinning work flow of silk spinning is: silk spinning raw material (waste material of silk and filature or leftover bits and pieces) → initial processing (concise) → system silk floss → spinning → spun silk.The technological process of silk spinning system is very long, and wherein, the system silk floss is one of operation comparatively numerous and diverse and crucial in its technical process.At present, the system silk floss has the continuous two kinds of systems of processing of the tender combing system of circle comb system.
In the silk spinning circle comb system silk floss; The various keen-witted and capable silk floss that will be bulk or pencil earlier carries out shredding through waste silk opener to be handled; Make keen-witted and capable silk floss obtain necessary shredding and make silk fiber have certain parallel stretch degree; Remove part pupa bits and other impurity in the keen-witted and capable silk floss simultaneously, mix keen-witted and capable silk floss, process continuous uniformly of certain specification and thickness.Through cutting continuous operation, continuous the opening with preceding road circle of cut-out combed long fiber in the bourette, makes fiber further loosen, stretch with parallel, and removes certain impurity, processes the rod silk floss that supplies the combing of circle comb.Again through the meticulous combing of circle comb operation, make and combed fiber and become the parallel filament that stretches, remove impurity, staple fibre and continuous grain number.Next, reject remaining impurities in the drafts, continuous knot, synnema and other are not suitable for spinning the fiber of spun silk by the continuous operation of row, like oiled threads.And drafts pulled into the fritter of constant weight (6-10g), be converted into the continuous sheet of certain width (12-14cm) again.Process satisfactory drafts through the twice spreadboard at last.As shown in Figure 2, be the continuous process chart of silk spinning circle comb system.
In the silk spinning combing system silk floss; Wool spinning combing and equipment have been used for reference; The various keen-witted and capable silk floss that will be bulk or pencil earlier carries out shredding through waste silk opener to be handled, and makes keen-witted and capable silk floss obtain necessary shredding and makes silk fiber have certain parallel stretch degree, removes part pupa bits and other impurity in the keen-witted and capable silk floss simultaneously; Mix keen-witted and capable silk floss, process continuous uniformly of certain specification and thickness.The filament state is suitably pulled apart, is carded to the fiber that will open in continuous with the roller dressing machine then, processes continuous bar.This continuous bar is because parallel stretch degree is poor, thus need through reason bar operation (apron draft, grilling), by drawing-off with and cooperation with the structure and the uniformity of the continuous bar of improvement, satisfy the requirement of straight type combing.Process satisfactory drafts through the grilling operation more at last.Concrete technological process is: keen-witted and capable silk floss → open silk floss → roller comb silk floss → apron draft → first time grilling → directly type combing → second time grilling → drafts.
The problem that exists in the continuous technical process of existing silk spinning system is following:
Silk spinning raw material length regularity is poor, it is serious to curl, tangle, and influenced the processing of each procedure.
The continuous technology of silk spinning circle comb system can find out that from its process chart want 12 procedures altogether from keen-witted and capable silk floss to drafts, visible its made the length of continuous technological process.And the per pass operation all is craft or semi-hand half mechanically actuated at present, and not only working strength of workers is big, labor productivity is extremely low, and in cutting operations such as silk floss, circle comb, also is easy to produce security incident.Because technological process is long, the output of circular comber, comb folding (row yielding) and smart cotton amount obviously reduce by the road, and production efficiency and economic benefit are low.
The continuous technology of silk spinning combing system, with respect to the continuous technology of circle comb system, though its flow process is shorter, labour intensity is low.But combing adopts the roller dressing machine to carry out carded, and silk fiber combing under free state of thin, long, easy entanglement is easy to generate a large amount of continuous knots, thereby has influenced the cleanliness factor of spun silk.Because the silk fiber brute force is good, length is long, be prone to around cylinder when comb is continuous, it is unclear in combing process, to be easy to generate withdrawing, thereby the comb of combing folding (row yielding) is not high.
Therefore, the continuous technology of existing silk spinning system, technological process is long, labour intensity is big, bigger to the damage of silk fiber.The existence of these problems has not only reduced the efficient and the benefit of silk spinning, also in change that has restricted schappe system processing and equipment in varying degrees and development.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of novel draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning, make technological process shorten, the regularity of fiber and parallel stretch degree improve, and also provide quality higher semi-finished product for the continuous later process of system simultaneously.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning, it is characterized in that, earlier keen-witted and capable silk floss is carried out crush cutting, carry out successively again apron draft, for the first time grilling, straight type combing and for the second time grilling make drafts.
Described crush cutting step comprises processes band shape or pencil feeding stretch breaking machine with keen-witted and capable silk floss, and it is successively got at the draw zone between the 3rd roller and the 4th roller, in the preparatory crush cutting district between second roller and the 3rd roller and the crush cutting district between first roller and second roller.
The diameter D of the 3rd roller that adopts in the described crush cutting step
3And the diameter D of the 4th roller
4Be 100-150mm, the diameter D of first roller
1And the diameter D of second roller
2Be 100-200mm; The diameter of the diameter of the diameter of the diameter of the first pair of roller that matches with first roller, second pair of roller matching with second roller, the 3rd roller that matches with the 3rd roller, the 4th roller that matches with the 4th roller is 50-70mm; The distance s of first pair of roller
1Distance s with second pair of roller
2Be 80-160mm.
Crush cutting in the described crush cutting step in the crush cutting district L that spaces
1Be 70-110mm, in advance the L that spaces of the preparatory crush cutting in the crush cutting district
2Be 100-160mm, the drawing-off of the draw zone L that spaces
3Be 250-400mm.
The drafting multiple E in crush cutting district in the described crush cutting step
1Be 2-6 times, in advance the drafting multiple E in crush cutting district
2Be 1.5-4 times, the drafting multiple E of draw zone
3Be 1.2-3 times.
Adopt air pressure or hydraulic pressure to each roller pressurization, the pressurization value P of first roller in the described crush cutting step
1, second roller pressurization value P
2, the 3rd roller pressurization value P
3Pressurization value P with the 4th roller
4Be 500-1500kg.
Technological process of the present invention is: keen-witted and capable silk floss → crush cutting → apron draft → first time grilling → straight type combing → second time grilling → drafts; With one alternative continuous two step of tender roller comb of opening of crush cutting step, its advantage is following:
The continuous pull-cut process of silk spinning crush cutting system that the present invention adopted is that the characteristics according to silk fiber design.After adopting new pull-cut process, not only can accomplish the task that former cause is opened the continuous defibre of being accomplished of tender roller comb, and further shorten technological process, improve efficient.
Adopt roller draft to break the system bar in the pull-cut process, avoided fiber to receive the suffered damage of violent strike of parts; Reduce a large amount of continuous knot that produces because of tangling mutually of silk fiber, thereby improved the cleanliness factor of spun silk; Improve the length regularity of silk fiber, and then promoted the combing quality.
It is thus clear that spun silk, more is easy to generate continuous knot owing to thin, long, soft in carding process, so adopt crush cutting more meaningful.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the stretch-breaking device sketch map;
Fig. 2 is the continuous process chart of silk spinning circle comb system.
The specific embodiment
Specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.Following embodiment all adopts stretch-breaking device as shown in Figure 1.Wherein, the I district is the crush cutting district, and the II district is preparatory crush cutting district, and III is a draw zone, and A-passes through keen-witted and capable continuous after the refining, P
1The pressure of-the first roller, P
2The pressure of-the second roller, P
3The pressure of-Di three rollers, P
4The diameter of-Di four rollers, D
1The diameter of-the first roller, D
2The diameter of-the second roller, D
3The diameter of-Di three rollers, D
4The diameter of-Di four rollers, d
1, d
1The diameter of '-first pair roller, d
2, d
2The diameter of '-second pair roller, d
3The diameter of-Di three rollers, d
4The diameter of-Di four rollers, L
1-crush cutting is spaced, L
2-L is spaced in crush cutting in advance
3-drawing-off is spaced, s
1The spacing of-the first pair of roller, s
2The spacing of-the second pair of roller, E
1The drafting multiple in-crush cutting district, E
2The drafting multiple in-preparatory crush cutting district, E
3The drafting multiple of-draw zone.Except that the crush cutting step, the machinery that other each steps adopted is identical with the machinery of existing silk spinning combing system silk floss.
Embodiment 1
The keen-witted and capable silk floss that adopts, its composition and proportioning such as table 1.
The keen-witted and capable continuous composition of table 1 and join this
| Join continuous composition | Long telling | Recotti | Short telling | Cut cocoon | Floss | Husks |
| Weight (g) | 120 | 40 | 20 | 160 | 50 | 90 |
| Proportioning (%) | 25 | 8.33 | 4.17 | 33.33 | 10.42 | 18.75 |
Annotate: the long waste silk that produces when telling to mulberry cocoon filature reason silk, launch by root, make after the processing and sorting such as reason is straight through manual work.Recotti contains some pupa bits, silkworm mouth, casts off a skin etc. for to be processed by pelettes.Short telling to put the long short silk head that falls when telling put in order and formed.Cut cocoon for cocoon is cut, remove pupal cell.Floss, husks are the peripheral sleave of silk cocoon.
Draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning is: earlier keen-witted and capable silk floss is carried out crush cutting, carry out apron draft, grilling, straight type combing for the first time more successively and make drafts behind the grilling for the second time.
Described crush cutting step comprises processes band shape or pencil feeding stretch breaking machine with keen-witted and capable silk floss, and it is successively got at the draw zone III between the 3rd roller and the 4th roller, at preparatory crush cutting district II between second roller and the 3rd roller and the crush cutting district I between first roller and second roller.At draw zone III and preparatory crush cutting district II, continuous bar A is through less drafting multiple drawing-off, and fiber obtains certain parallel stretching.After continuous bar gets into crush cutting district I,, under the very big grasping force effect of roller nip, fiber is broken into needed length and slivering to fiber because the front and back roller linear velocity difference in this district is big.The diameter D of the 3rd roller that adopts in the described crush cutting step
3And the diameter D of the 4th roller
4Be 100mm, the diameter D of first roller
1And the diameter D of second roller
2Be 100mm; The diameter d of the first pair of roller that matches with first roller
1, d
1', the diameter d of second pair of roller matching with second roller
2, d
2', the diameter d of the 3rd roller that matches with the 3rd roller
3, the 4th roller that matches with the 4th roller diameter d
4Be 50mm; The distance s of first pair of roller
1Distance s with second pair of roller
2Be 80mm; The crush cutting L that spaces
1Be 70mm, in advance the crush cutting L that spaces
2Be 100mm, the drawing-off L that spaces
3Be 250mm.Drafting multiple E
1Be 2 times, drafting multiple E
2Be 1.5 times, drafting multiple E
3It is 1.2 times.Adopt air pressure or hydraulic pressure to each roller pressurization, the pressurization value P of first roller
1, second roller pressurization value P
2, the 3rd roller pressurization value P
3Pressurization value P with the 4th roller
4Be 500kg.
Described apron draft and the grilling operation first time; Through to the combing of keen-witted and capable continuous crush cutting bar and close and the drawing-off effect, further improve the extended parallelization and the bar evenness of fiber, improve the continuous bar structure of feeding combing machine; Simultaneously, the continuous bar fineness of feeding combing machine is met the requirements.The apron draft operation has two draw zones, and it always spaces should be greater than longest fiber length, and front ratch will help preventing the staple fibre diffusion, and generally at 40-72, its drafting multiple is 4.75-10.75 times.For the first time the pin of grilling operation is close is 5 pieces/25.4mm, and the card wire pin number is 16
#* 20
#* 28.7mm, faller drops are 600-800 time/minute, drafting multiple is 5-10 times.
Described straight type combing process through the combing effect of top comb and cylinder, is removed silk floss knot, impurity and staple fibre in the continuous bar of feeding; Make the fiber of forming the continuous bar of combing all be the filament state, and have good degree of stretching; Through to feeding the also cooperation usefulness of continuous bar, make the even immixture of raw material more become perfect.Combing process feeding radical is the 18-20 root, and feeding the continuous gear number of teeth is 23-26, and choosing spaces is that 28-32mm, combing cylinder rotating speed are about 92r/min.
Described second time, the grilling operation further improved the straight degree of fiber in the continuous bar, improved the bar evenness of continuous bar, thereby, make the drafts of better quality.For the second time the pin of grilling operation is close is 7-16 piece/25.4mm, and the card wire pin number is 16
#* 20
#-17
#* 23
#Flat pin, faller drops are 800-1000 time/minute, and drafting multiple is 5-11 times.
Related patent U.S. Patent No. in the past has: the patent No. is the patent of invention of 200310108414.8 a kind of new ramie spinning processing method, and it mainly carries out crush cutting to ramie comb ramie stripes, to improve its fibre length regularity; The patent No. is the patent of invention of 200410016663.9 ramie converter spinning processing method, and it is to the direct crush cutting system bar of ramie degummed ramie, and replaces shredding and rippling working procedure with the crush cutting operation, practices thrift cost, shortens flow process.The present invention compared with former related patent U.S. Patent No.; On the basis of using for reference crush cutting principle and mechanism, mainly be the characteristics that combine silk spinning processing that the thin,tough silk fibre length is required, promptly; The length of thin,tough silk fiber is generally about 70-80mm; Therefore, on isoparametric design is spaced in diameter, the crush cutting of crush cutting roller and rubber roll, also do corresponding variation, thereby further improved the quality and the effect of crush cutting.
Embodiment 2
Be similar to embodiment 1, difference is, the diameter D of the 3rd roller that adopts in the described crush cutting step
3And the diameter D of the 4th roller
4Be 150mm, the diameter D of first roller
1And the diameter D of second roller
2Be 200mm; The diameter d of the first pair of roller that matches with first roller
1, d
1', the diameter d of second pair of roller matching with second roller
2, d
2', the diameter d of the 3rd roller that matches with the 3rd roller
3, the 4th roller that matches with the 4th roller diameter d
4Be 70mm; The distance s of first pair of roller
1Distance s with second pair of roller
2Be 160mm; The crush cutting L that spaces
1Be 110mm, in advance the crush cutting L that spaces
2Be 160mm, the drawing-off L that spaces
3Be 400mm.Drafting multiple E
1Be 6 times, drafting multiple E
2Be 4 times, drafting multiple E
3It is 3 times.Adopt air pressure or hydraulic pressure to each roller pressurization, the pressurization value P of first roller
1, second roller pressurization value P
2, the 3rd roller pressurization value P
3Pressurization value P with the 4th roller
4Be 1500kg.
Embodiment 3
Be similar to embodiment 1, difference is, the diameter D of the 3rd roller that adopts in the described crush cutting step
3And the diameter D of the 4th roller
4Be 125mm, the diameter D of first roller
1And the diameter D of second roller
2Be 150mm; The diameter d of the first pair of roller that matches with first roller
1, d
1', the diameter d of second pair of roller matching with second roller
2, d
2', the diameter d of the 3rd roller that matches with the 3rd roller
3, the 4th roller that matches with the 4th roller diameter d
4Be 60mm; The distance s of first pair of roller
1Distance s with second pair of roller
2Be 100mm; The crush cutting L that spaces
1Be 100mm, in advance the crush cutting L that spaces
2Be 130mm, the drawing-off L that spaces
3Be 300mm.Drafting multiple E
1Be 4 times, drafting multiple E
2Be 2 times, drafting multiple E
3It is 2 times.Adopt air pressure or hydraulic pressure to each roller pressurization, the pressurization value P of first roller
1, second roller pressurization value P
2, the 3rd roller pressurization value P
3Pressurization value P with the 4th roller
4Be 1000kg.
After adopting the continuous technology of silk spinning crush cutting system of the present invention to process to above-mentioned keen-witted and capable continuous raw material, the capability and performance index of its semi-products and finished product is shown in table 2 and table 3:
Table 2 different process drafts quality index contrast (crush cutting is spaced and is 100mm)
| Average fiber length (mm) | Cleannes (branch) | Oil content (%) | The following short fiber index of 30mm (%) | Continuous knot [individual/(0.1g)] |
| Circle comb technology | 60 | 94 | ＜0.45 | 18 | 25 |
| Combing | 64 | 88 | ＜0.45 | 25 | 35 |
| Pull-cut process | 80 | 90 | ＜0.45 | 15 | 20 |
Can find out that from table 2 crush cutting system silk floss is compared with combing system silk floss with the circle comb, the quality of its drafts improves.Aspect following short fiber rate of average fiber length, the 30mm of drafts and continuous knot, improve comparatively obviously.Adopt the crush cutting operation, after being provided with crush cutting and spacing, the fibre length in the strip that involves fluctuates about scope spacing basically, and regularity is greatly enhanced, and the short fiber rate also is able to certain reduction.Because the crush cutting operation has been avoided the violent effect of pin tooth to silk fiber, has reduced the mutual winding of fiber, and then continuous footing reduces in the drafts.
The contrast of table 3 different process 120Nm/2 spun silk quality index
| Breaking length (Km) | Powerful irregular (CV%) | Bar evenness (branch) | Cleanliness factor (branch) | Km fault number (individual) | |
| Circle comb technology | 32.1 | 6.0 | 82.5 | 90 | 0.63 |
| Combing | 29.4 | 8.1 | 80 | 85 | 0.91 |
| Pull-cut process | 32.8 | 6.5 | 85 | 88 | 0.61 |
Can find out that from table 3 pull-cut process is compared with combing with the circle comb, the quality of its spun silk improves.Behind pull-cut process, the breaking length of spun silk, bar evenness and km fault number average have had improvement in various degree.Because keen-witted and capable silk floss is after crush cutting, fibre damage is few, and the length regularity of fiber is high, and continuous knot is few.
Above-mentioned experimental result shows: after adopting the continuous processing of the continuous technology system of silk spinning crush cutting system of the present invention, the fibre length regularity is much improved, and continuous knot also significantly reduces, thereby has improved the quality of drafts and spun silk.And shortened flow process, promoted efficient, for the development of the continuous technology of silk spinning system is had laid a good foundation.
Claims (6)
1. a draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning is characterized in that, earlier keen-witted and capable silk floss is carried out crush cutting, carry out successively again apron draft, for the first time grilling, straight type combing and for the second time grilling make drafts.
2. a kind of draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Described crush cutting step comprises processes band shape or pencil feeding stretch breaking machine with keen-witted and capable silk floss, and it is successively got at the draw zone between the 3rd roller and the 4th roller, in the preparatory crush cutting district between second roller and the 3rd roller and the crush cutting district between first roller and second roller.
3. a kind of draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the diameter D of the 3rd roller that adopts in the described crush cutting step
3And the diameter D of the 4th roller
4Be 100-150mm, the diameter D of first roller
1And the diameter D of second roller
2Be 100-200mm; The diameter of the diameter of the diameter of the diameter of the first pair of roller that matches with first roller, second pair of roller matching with second roller, the 3rd roller that matches with the 3rd roller, the 4th roller that matches with the 4th roller is 50-70mm; The distance s of first pair of roller
1Distance s with second pair of roller
2Be 80-160mm.
4. a kind of draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the L that spaces of the crush cutting in the described crush cutting step in the crush cutting district
1Be 70-110mm, in advance the L that spaces of the preparatory crush cutting in the crush cutting district
2Be 100-160mm, the drawing-off of the draw zone L that spaces
3Be 250-400mm.
5. a kind of draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the drafting multiple E in crush cutting district in the described crush cutting step
1Be 2-6 times, in advance the drafting multiple E in crush cutting district
2Be 1.5-4 times, the drafting multiple E of draw zone
3Be 1.2-3 times.
6. a kind of draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, adopts air pressure or hydraulic pressure to each roller pressurization, the pressurization value P of first roller in the described crush cutting step
1, second roller pressurization value P
2, the 3rd roller pressurization value P
3Pressurization value P with the 4th roller
4Be 500-1500kg.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100517214A CN101580981B (en) | 2009-05-21 | 2009-05-21 | Draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100517214A CN101580981B (en) | 2009-05-21 | 2009-05-21 | Draft making method by stretch breaking and silk spinning |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101580981A CN101580981A (en) | 2009-11-18 |
| CN101580981B true CN101580981B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN107022813B (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2019-02-15 | 金陵科技学院 | A kind of transmission auxiliary splint carries out the silk spinning production line of comb silk floss |
| CN110172759B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2024-01-30 | 金陵科技学院 | Novel automatic cotton mechanism that falls of getting |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1062181A (en) * | 1991-09-23 | 1992-06-24 | 如皋市纺织厂 | Produce the method for floret yarn |
| CN1624222A (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2005-06-08 | 上海第十七棉纺织总厂 | Method of producing blending yarn of natural silk and spun silk by jet spinning |
| CN1760416A (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2006-04-19 | 东华大学 | Roller needle plate composite stretch breaking and spinning equipment for ramee |
| CN101100771A (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2008-01-09 | 东华大学 | Flax converter spinning process |
-
2009
- 2009-05-21 CN CN2009100517214A patent/CN101580981B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1062181A (en) * | 1991-09-23 | 1992-06-24 | 如皋市纺织厂 | Produce the method for floret yarn |
| CN1624222A (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2005-06-08 | 上海第十七棉纺织总厂 | Method of producing blending yarn of natural silk and spun silk by jet spinning |
| CN1760416A (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2006-04-19 | 东华大学 | Roller needle plate composite stretch breaking and spinning equipment for ramee |
| CN101100771A (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2008-01-09 | 东华大学 | Flax converter spinning process |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开平8-144139A 1996.06.04 |
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