CN101579013B - Microwave vacuum drying process for lotus seed - Google Patents
Microwave vacuum drying process for lotus seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN101579013B CN101579013B CN2009101119676A CN200910111967A CN101579013B CN 101579013 B CN101579013 B CN 101579013B CN 2009101119676 A CN2009101119676 A CN 2009101119676A CN 200910111967 A CN200910111967 A CN 200910111967A CN 101579013 B CN101579013 B CN 101579013B
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Abstract
The invention provides a microwave vacuum drying process for lotus seeds, comprising the following steps of: selecting materials, removing films and cores, protecting color, dewatering, vacuum drying by microwave, packaging and storing, thus preparing the dry lotus seed product. The process aims at improving the quality research of the dry lotus seed and reducing the energy consumption, dries the fresh lotus seeds by microwave vacuum drying technology, improves the quality of the lotus seeds, and prolongs the shelf life of the product; the application of the high combination drying technology inaugurates another dry preparation way for drying preparation of fresh lotus seeds; the process is easy for instant control and the production is environment-protective; and the real continuous automatic clean production can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the drying field of lotus seeds, more specifically relating to a kind of is the microwave vacuum drying process for lotus seed of raw material with fresh lotus seeds.
Background technology
Lotus seeds have another name called Shui Zhidan, belong to Nymphaeceae Nelumbo (NympheaceaenelumboAdans), are the fruits of lotus, according to scientific research, contain protein 16.6 grams in per 100 gram lotus seeds dry products, carbohydrate 62 grams, fat 2.0 grams, 89 milligrams of calcium, 285 milligrams in phosphorus, 6.4 milligrams of iron also contain vitamin B1, B2, C and carrotene, glutathione in the lotus seeds, and required 18 kinds of hincky acids in the human body, contain abundant alkaloid, flavonod and superoxide dismutase (SOD) nutritional labeling.In addition, the contained oxoushinsunine of lotus seeds has anticancer effect.Lotus seeds are except that the nourishing food as preciousness, or a secondary of great value panacea.Kidney tonifying, solid spleen, beneficial lung arranged, nourish heart, effects such as controlling nocturnal emission with astringent drugs, qi-restoratives, be applicable to diseases such as palpitaition, insomnia, seminal emission, leukorrhea, chronic diarrhea.According to the Compendium of Material Medica record, lotus seeds have effects such as " bowl spares are reposed, quenched the thirst and reduce phlegm and internal heat, feel at ease only dysentery ", are exactly a kind of senior health food since ancient times, contain rich nutrient contents and some physiological activator, enjoy people to favor.
But the fresh lotus seeds water content after gathering is very high, storage tolerance, easy to change, perishable rotten not at normal temperatures, and reduce commodity value, and drying is a requisite important step in the lotus seeds process, dried lotus also is a folk tradition product.It is drying to adopt drying room that fresh lotus seeds are carried out, and often needs 10～18h, long-time baking, and the dried Lian Seze that makes is not good, rehydration is bad, mouthfeel is comparatively stiff, causes its edible quality and organoleptic quality to reduce.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of lotus seeds drying process, this technology is by on to the basis of improving the research of drying lotus seeds quality and cutting down the consumption of energy, and the applied microwave vacuum drying technique carries out drying to lotus seeds, shortens drying time, improve the quality of drying lotus seeds, prolong the shelf life of product; High-new combination drying The Application of Technology is that the drying of lotus seeds opened up another dried way, and is easy to instant control, and the production environmental protection can realize real continuous.
The technology of lotus seeds micro-wave vacuum of the present invention is characterized in that: comprise select materials, classification, rejecting stem, refrigeration, drying, packing, storage; Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) select materials: the fresh lotus seeds of selecting no disease and pest, full grains are raw material;
(2) striping coring: the fresh lotus seeds of plucking are led to core treatment process striping coring through striping;
(3) clean: the fresh lotus seeds that will lead to behind the core are put into the cleaning of purifying waste water of flowing, and remove impurity;
(4) protecting look handles: will be immersed in through the fresh lotus seeds after logical core is handled and protect the look processing in the colour protecting liquid;
(5) drain: will pull out through the fresh lotus seeds that protect after look is handled, and drain the water droplet of surface attachment, in order to avoid in back segment micro-wave vacuum operation, increase energy consumption;
(6) micro-wave vacuum: the fresh lotus seeds through protecting the look processing and draining are evenly disperseed to be loaded in the rotating disk of microwave vacuum drying chamber, under certain microwave power and vacuum, carrying out drying;
(7) tempering: the lotus seeds of the later stage of drying are carried out tempering---place a period of time down in room temperature environment, carry out drying again behind the free surface moisture in the balance lotus seeds.
All the other each technologies comprise packing and store being the general processing technology of producing dried product.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention is:
(1) improves the quality of drying lotus seeds and reduce energy consumption for drying by research, utilize microwave vacuum drying technology to combine, fresh lotus seeds are carried out drying, shorten drying time greatly with the tempering dry technology, when enhancing productivity, greatly reduced energy consumption for drying; And the active component in the lotus seeds---lotus seeds polysaccharide obtains maximum reservation, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in can the passivation bright lotus of micro-wave vacuum, the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is reduced greatly, (rehydration is good to improve the quality of drying lotus seeds, color and luster and grow the most approaching bright lotus of smell has the natural fragrance of fresh lotus seeds; The contraction large volume is little, is convenient to transportation); The sterilizing effect of microwave itself makes the product safety health, has prolonged the shelf life of product greatly.
(2) the present invention is easy to instant control, and the production environmental protection is convenient to realize cleaner production continuous, automation, and is workable, is applicable to the large-scale industrialization production that lotus seeds are drying.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Microwave vacuum drying process for lotus seed comprises the steps:
(1) select materials: the fresh lotus seeds of selecting no disease and pest, full grains are raw material;
(2) striping coring: the fresh lotus seeds of plucking are led to core treatment process striping coring through striping;
(3) clean: the fresh lotus seeds that will lead to behind the core are put into the cleaning of purifying waste water of flowing, and remove impurity such as film;
(4) protecting look handles: will be immersed in through the fresh lotus seeds after logical core is handled and protect the look processing in the colour protecting liquid;
(5) drain: will pull out through the fresh lotus seeds that protect after look is handled, and drain the water droplet of surface attachment, in order to avoid in back segment micro-wave vacuum operation, increase energy consumption;
(6) micro-wave vacuum: the fresh lotus seeds through protecting the look processing and draining are evenly disperseed to be loaded in the rotating disk of microwave vacuum drying chamber, under certain microwave power and vacuum, carrying out drying;
(7) tempering: the lotus seeds of the later stage of drying are carried out tempering---place a period of time down in room temperature environment, carry out micro-wave vacuum in the balance lotus seeds behind the free surface moisture again to safe moisture content≤12% (in butt).
(8) dry good lotus seeds are handled through packing, storage and are prepared into dried lotus finished product.
The described look that protects is handled and to be referred to the fresh lotus seeds after leading to core are immersed in the colour protecting liquid 20-30 minute, suppresses the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in the bright lotus, prevents bright lotus brown stain; Described colour protecting liquid is prepared as follows: disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 0.02%-0.2%, vitamin C 0.1%-0.3%, all the other are for purifying waste water.
Described initial aqueous rate is determined as 100 ℃ of forced air drying 5h, cooling 0.5h, and the mensuration of weighing, initial aqueous rate are about 56%-68%; Described micro-wave vacuum is the bright lotus seeds of the bright lotus seeds of microwave intensity 5W/g～15W/g, vacuum-70kPa～-carry out drying under the 90kPa condition.Described tempering is at bright lotus seeds micro-wave vacuum later stage (moisture content≤30%), places 0.5h～1h down in room temperature environment, and free surface moisture in the balance lotus seeds continues to be dried to safe moisture content≤12% (in butt) again.
In order fully to disclose microwave vacuum drying process for lotus seed of the present invention, be illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment, but the present invention is not limited only to this.
Embodiment 1
(1) select materials: the fresh lotus seeds of selecting no disease and pest, full grains are raw material;
(2) striping coring: the fresh lotus seeds of plucking are led to core treatment process striping coring through striping;
(3) clean: the fresh lotus seeds that will lead to behind the core are put into the cleaning of purifying waste water of flowing, and remove impurity such as film;
(4) protecting look handles: will be immersed in through the fresh lotus seeds after logical core is handled and protect the look processing in the colour protecting liquid; The described look that protects is handled and to be referred to the fresh lotus seeds after leading to core are immersed in the colour protecting liquid 20 minutes, suppresses the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in the bright lotus, prevents bright lotus brown stain; Described colour protecting liquid is prepared as follows: disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 0.02%, vitamin C 0.1%, and all the other are for purifying waste water;
(5) drain: will pull out through the fresh lotus seeds that protect after look is handled, and drain the water droplet of surface attachment, in order to avoid in back segment micro-wave vacuum operation, increase energy consumption;
(6) micro-wave vacuum: the fresh lotus seeds through protecting the look processing and draining are evenly disperseed to be loaded in the rotating disk of microwave vacuum drying chamber, carry out drying under certain microwave power and vacuum: described micro-wave vacuum is the bright lotus seeds of microwave intensity 5W/g, carries out drying under vacuum-70kPa condition;
(7) tempering: the lotus seeds of the later stage of drying are carried out tempering: at bright lotus seeds micro-wave vacuum later stage (moisture content≤30%), place 0.5h down in room temperature environment, free surface moisture in the balance lotus seeds continues micro-wave vacuum again to safe moisture content≤12% (in butt);
(8) dry good lotus seeds are handled through packing, storage and are prepared into dried lotus finished product.
Described initial aqueous rate is determined as 100 ℃ of forced air drying 5h, cooling 0.5h, and the mensuration of weighing, initial aqueous rate are about 56%-68%.
Embodiment 2
(1) select materials: the fresh lotus seeds of selecting no disease and pest, full grains are raw material;
(2) striping coring: the fresh lotus seeds of plucking are led to core treatment process striping coring through striping;
(3) clean: the fresh lotus seeds that will lead to behind the core are put into the cleaning of purifying waste water of flowing, and remove impurity such as film;
(4) protecting look handles: will be immersed in through the fresh lotus seeds after logical core is handled and protect the look processing in the colour protecting liquid; The described look that protects is handled and to be referred to the fresh lotus seeds after leading to core are immersed in the colour protecting liquid 30 minutes, suppresses the polyphenol oxidase PPO in the bright lotus, prevents bright lotus brown stain; Described colour protecting liquid is prepared as follows: disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 0.2%, vitamin C 0.3%, and all the other are for purifying waste water;
(5) drain: will pull out through the fresh lotus seeds that protect after look is handled, and drain the water droplet of surface attachment, in order to avoid in back segment micro-wave vacuum operation, increase energy consumption;
(6) micro-wave vacuum: the fresh lotus seeds through protecting the look processing and draining are evenly disperseed to be loaded in the rotating disk of microwave vacuum drying chamber, carry out drying under certain microwave power and vacuum: described micro-wave vacuum is the bright lotus seeds of microwave intensity 15W/g, carries out drying under vacuum-90kPa condition;
(7) tempering: the lotus seeds of the later stage of drying are carried out tempering---place a period of time down in room temperature environment: the bright lotus seeds micro-wave vacuum later stage (moisture content≤30%), place 1h down in room temperature environment, free surface moisture in the balance lotus seeds continues to be dried to safe moisture content≤12% (in butt) again; Continue micro-wave vacuum in the balance lotus seeds behind the free surface moisture again to safe moisture content≤12% (in butt).
(8) dry good lotus seeds are handled through packing, storage and are prepared into dried lotus finished product.
Lotus seeds initial aqueous rate is measured: be 100 ℃ of forced air drying 5h, and cooling 0.5h, the mensuration of weighing, initial aqueous rate are about 56%-68%.
Embodiment 3
(1) select materials: the fresh lotus seeds of selecting no disease and pest, full grains are raw material;
(2) striping coring: the fresh lotus seeds of plucking are led to core treatment process striping coring through striping;
(3) clean: the fresh lotus seeds that will lead to behind the core are put into the cleaning of purifying waste water of flowing, and remove impurity such as film;
(4) protecting look handles: will be immersed in through the fresh lotus seeds after logical core is handled and protect the look processing in the colour protecting liquid; The described look that protects is handled and to be referred to the fresh lotus seeds after leading to core are immersed in the colour protecting liquid 25 minutes, suppresses the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in the bright lotus, prevents bright lotus brown stain; Described colour protecting liquid is prepared as follows: disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 0.1%, vitamin C 0.2%, and all the other are for purifying waste water;
(5) drain: will pull out through the fresh lotus seeds that protect after look is handled, and drain the water droplet of surface attachment, in order to avoid in back segment micro-wave vacuum operation, increase energy consumption;
(6) micro-wave vacuum: the fresh lotus seeds through protecting the look processing and draining are evenly disperseed to be loaded in the rotating disk of microwave vacuum drying chamber, carry out drying under certain microwave power and vacuum: described micro-wave vacuum is the bright lotus seeds of the every g of microwave intensity 10W, carries out drying under vacuum-80kPa condition.
(7) tempering: the lotus seeds of the later stage of drying are carried out tempering---place a period of time down in room temperature environment, described tempering is at bright lotus seeds micro-wave vacuum later stage (moisture content≤30%), place 40min down in room temperature environment, free surface moisture in the balance lotus seeds continues micro-wave vacuum again to safe moisture content≤12% (in butt).
(8) dry good lotus seeds are handled through packing, storage and are prepared into dried lotus finished product.
Described initial aqueous rate is determined as 100 ℃ of forced air drying 5h, cooling 0.5h, and the mensuration of weighing, initial aqueous rate are about 56%-68%.
Claims (2)
1. the lotus seeds microwave vacuum is characterized in that in drying process: comprise select materials, the striping coring, clean, protect that look is handled, drained, micro-wave vacuum, packing, storage; Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) select materials: the fresh lotus seeds of selecting no disease and pest, full grains are raw material;
(2) striping coring: the fresh lotus seeds of plucking are led to core treatment process striping coring through striping;
(3) clean: the fresh lotus seeds that will lead to behind the core are put into the cleaning of purifying waste water of flowing, and remove impurity;
(4) protecting look handles: will be immersed in through the fresh lotus seeds after logical core is handled and protect the look processing in the colour protecting liquid;
(5) drain: will pull out through the fresh lotus seeds that protect after look is handled, and drain the water droplet of surface attachment, in order to avoid in back segment micro-wave vacuum operation, increase energy consumption;
(6) micro-wave vacuum: the fresh lotus seeds through protecting the look processing and draining are evenly disperseed to be loaded in the rotating disk of microwave vacuum drying chamber, under certain microwave power and vacuum, carrying out drying;
(7) tempering is carried out tempering with the lotus seeds of the later stage of drying: place a period of time down in room temperature environment, carry out drying again behind the free surface moisture in the balance lotus seeds;
The described look that protects is handled and to be referred to the fresh lotus seeds after leading to core are immersed in the colour protecting liquid 20-30 minute, suppresses the polyphenol oxidase PPO in the bright lotus, prevents bright lotus brown stain; Described colour protecting liquid is prepared as follows: disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 0.02%-0.2%, vitamin C 0.1%-0.3%, and all the other are for purifying waste water;
Described micro-wave vacuum condition is: the bright lotus seeds of the every g of the bright lotus seeds～15W of the every g of microwave intensity 5W, and vacuum-70kPa～-90kPa carries out drying;
Described tempering is in the bright lotus seeds micro-wave vacuum later stage, moisture content≤30%, place 0.5h～1h down in room temperature environment, free surface moisture in the balance lotus seeds, continue micro-wave vacuum again to safe moisture content≤12%, in butt, described micro-wave vacuum condition is: the bright lotus seeds of the every g of the bright lotus seeds～15W of the every g of microwave intensity 5W, and vacuum-70kPa～-90kPa carries out drying.
2. microwave vacuum drying process for lotus seed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: fresh lotus seeds initial aqueous rate is determined as: 100 ℃ of forced air drying 5h, and cooling 0.5h, the mensuration of weighing, initial aqueous rate are 56%-68%.
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| CN102919353B (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-10-16 | 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 | Instant dry lotus seed manufacturing method |
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| CN105341147B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2019-01-04 | 长沙理工大学 | Lotus seed drying method |
| CN105123902B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2018-08-31 | 长沙理工大学 | Fresh-keeping method of fresh lotus seedpod |
| CN106072324B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2019-11-15 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of processing method reducing fried lotus seeds percentage of damage |
| CN107484817A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-19 | 刘玉芳 | A kind of preparation method of taro dry plate |
| CN107712637A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-02-23 | 四川省丹丹郫县豆瓣集团股份有限公司 | A kind of production technology of the bean paste granular powder based on enzymolysis and the embedding of food-grade carrier systems |
| CN109221392A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2019-01-18 | 攸县广丰蔬菜种植专业合作社 | A kind of processing method of white lotus |
| CN111011486B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-03-21 | 山西省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Storage method for controlling browning of buckwheat grains |
| CN114522900B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2023-06-02 | 湘潭大学 | Sorting device and sorting method for lotus seed heart-removed defective products |
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| CN101215316A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-07-09 | 湘潭大学 | Microwave extraction method for lotus seed protein |
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