CN101578355A

CN101578355A - Multifunctional lubricating fluid

Info

Publication number: CN101578355A
Application number: CNA2007800455768A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吉恩-保罗·苏什; 伯纳德-维克托·拉米
Original assignee: Total Raffinage Marketing SA
Current assignee: Total Marketing Services SA
Priority date: 2006-10-24
Filing date: 2007-10-19
Publication date: 2009-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 2027-10-19
Also published as: WO2008050003A3; WO2008050003A2; CA2667583A1; EP1916291A1; CA2667583C; EP1916291B1; AR063513A1; RU2469077C2; ES2666595T3; WO2008050003B1; CN101578355B; EP2380952A1; US20090270294A1; RU2009114887A

Abstract

The invention pertains to multifunctional lubricating oil for use in the different assemblies of automotive vehicles, mainly the engine, the transmission or a hydraulic circuit, and relates to a lubricant composition containing at least one oil of the groups I to V and a mixture of at least two polymers having a difference of the permanent shearing stability index, as measured by the standardised KRL test for 20 hours at 100 DEG C, of at least 25, and having a viscosity profile such that: (a) at 100 DEG C, after a 30 cycle Bosch test following the CEC-L-14-A-93 standard, the viscosity of the final lubricant composition is higher than 9.0 cSt, preferably in range of 9.0 to 12.0 cSt for a 30 grade starting oil, or the viscosity of the final lubricant composition is higher than 12.0 cSt, preferably in range of 12.0 to 15.0 cSt for a 40 grade starting oil; (b) at 100 DEG C, after a 20 hour KRL test following the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard, the viscosity of the final lubricant composition is higher than 8.5 cSt, preferably in range of 8.5 to 11.0 cSt for a 30 or 40 grade starting oil; and (c) at 400 DEG C, after a 3 hour KRL test following the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard with a test duration down to 3 hours, the viscosity of the final lubricant composition is lower than 51.0 cSt, preferably in range of 41 to 51 cSt for a 30 or 40 grade starting oil.

Description

Multifunctional lubricant

Technical field

The present invention relates to multifunctional lubricant, can be applicable to be particularly useful for engine, variator or hydraulic circuit in the multiple mechanical part of Motor vehicles.More precisely; The present invention relates to the various mechanical parts that a kind of single lubricating oil can be directly used in multiple occasion, particularly Motor vehicles, do not need the complementary mechanical part of regulating as: engine, gear shift device (wheel casing and transit box), hydraulic circuit and other; In other words, this lubricating oil can satisfy the various use needs of referring to.

Background technology

At present, Motor vehicles will use multiple single function lubricating oil, and each tool difference in functionality is as engine oil, gear box lubricating oil, hydrodynamic lubrication wet goods.

Single function lubricant formula generally includes mineral oil, semi-synthetic base oil or synthetic base oil, various property-modifying additive, and selectivity adds viscosity modifier polymkeric substance and pour point improver.

When single function lubricating oil used in mechanism, the residing constant shearing action of viscosity modifier can cause the decline of lubricating oil viscosity.The degree of viscosity degradation and speed depend on the character and the add-on of viscosity modifier.

The residing mechanical shearing speed of various lubricating oil is all inequality.For example: the high-pressure and hydraulic loop of lifting gear is bigger than wheel casing shearing resistance, and shearing resistance of ratio engine is big again for the two.

If single function lubricating oil is used for the mechanism outside its design, viscosity can depart from the required value of machinery performance best-of-breed functionality.

Be applicable to the multifunctional lubricating oil formula marketization of engine, wheel casing and hydraulic circuit, trade name is the Multi TP brand of Total SA, the Penta brand of FINA company, the Noria brand of Ai Erfu company.These prescriptions are by adding suitable viscosity modifier polymkeric substance and suitable add-on realization.

The shear stability grade of engine, wheel casing and hydraulic circuit class multifunctional lubricant medium viscosity improvement polymkeric substance determines the viscosity grade of corresponding machine oil.

If the viscosity of viscosity modified polymkeric substance is very sensitive to shearing, even if mechanical shearing speed is very low, oil body also can descend rapidly, even is reduced to engine and below the required MV minium viscosity of wheel casing.

In contrast, use the polymkeric substance with high viscosity stability, even if in the machinery of high shear rate, lubricating oil also can keep high viscosity for a long time.This will need the optimum viscosity value that reaches lower for a long time.In hydraulic circuit, this will cause the lasting cold start-up problem of the hydraulic circuit of lifting gear.

If the viscosity stability of polymkeric substance is an intermediate degree, realize that so simultaneously the MV minium viscosity requirement for restriction of engine and wheel casing and the ordering parameter of the high viscosity requirement for restriction of hydraulic efficiency system are exactly the add-on and the character of the viscosity modifier that uses.

Present employed multifunctional lubricant is mostly based on this principle.Therefore, the present invention will surmount the existing capabilities limits that is applicable to three kinds of mechanical system lubricating oil simultaneously, realize the unification of three kinds of lubricating oil.

Existing multifunctional lubricating oil formula can not satisfy the needed performance rate of multiple machinery simultaneously.And, also can't reach needed high-temperature stability of engine and variator and the needed performance rate of hydraulic efficiency system cold start-up.

Therefore, need a kind of lubricating oil that can satisfy the multiple mechanical part lubrication needs of Motor vehicles simultaneously.Particularly, need the lubricated needs that a kind of lubricating oil satisfies engine, variator and hydraulic circuit simultaneously.Need a kind of lubricating oil simultaneously and satisfy engine and variator high-temperature stable sexual demand and hydraulic pressure cold start-up demand.

In fact, compare, be applicable to that the multifunctional lubricant of the different mechanical parts of vehicle has clear superiority with using several single function lubricating oil, particularly in the complexity of safeguarding with storage, vehicle, fleet, assembling and logistics safeguard the aspect.

Particularly for a large amount of haunting about under remote districts or the severe weather conditions, and there is not the mass transportation facilities of suitable storing device.

Summary of the invention

Lubricating oil component of the present invention comprises under a kind of in the V class base oil of I at least and 100 ℃ through standard K RL test in 20 hours, and permanent shear stable index (PSSI) difference is at least at least two kinds of mixture of polymers of 25, and its viscosity characteristics is as follows:

(a) according to the CEC-L-14-A-93 standard, under 100 ℃ through the Bosch-30 periodic test, the initial viscosity grade be 30 oil body greater than 9.0cSt, be preferably between 9.0 to 12.0cSt; The initial viscosity grade be 40 oil body greater than 12.0cSt, be preferably between 12.0 to 15.0cSt.

(b) according to the CEC-L-14-A-99 standard, under 100 ℃ through KRL test in 20 hours, the initial viscosity grade be 30 or 40 oil body greater than 8.5cSt, be preferably between 8.5 to 11.0cSt.

(c) according to the CEC-L-14-A-99 standard, under 40 ℃ through KRL test in 3 hours, the initial viscosity grade be 30 or 40 lubricating oil viscosity less than 51cSt, be preferably 41 to 51cSt.

Because this multifunctional lubricant invention has different mechanical needed viscosity characteristicses, it can be applied to be particularly useful for engine among the different machineries of Motor vehicles simultaneously, three kinds of mechanisms of variator and hydraulic circuit.

For lubricating the different mechanical parts of Motor vehicles simultaneously, must add polymeric blends in the invention lubricating oil with different shear stabilities.

According to viscosity characteristics, the character of the various lubricating oil polymkeric substance of adding and quantity will adapt to the needs of mechanical part operating condition.

Therefore, lubricating oil component comprises, and calculates at least 50% base oil according to the total mass of final lubricating oil, and is at least a for what select from I to V class base oil; At least comprise " A ", " B ", in " C " three base polymers two kinds, polymeric blends is minimum to be 5% of lubricating oil total mass, be preferably between 5% to 40%, being preferably between 5% to 15%. the foundation of three base polymers difference is the difference of permanent shear stability index (PSSI), as:

Through KRL test in 20 hours, the permanent shear stable index (PSSI) of category-A polymkeric substance is smaller or equal to 40 under 100 ℃;

Through KRL test in 20 hours, the permanent shear stable index (PSSI) of category-B polymkeric substance is between 40 to 65 under 100 ℃;

Through KRL test in 20 hours, the permanent shear stable index (PSSI) of C base polymer is more than or equal to 65 under 100 ℃;

At least two kinds of polymkeric substance that contained in the lubricating oil component are under 100 ℃, and through KRL test in 20 hours, its permanent shear stable exponential difference is minimum to be 25.

According to specific embodiment, the various polymkeric substance in the mixture are that the monomer of different chemical character obtains by polymerization.

According to another specific embodiment, the polymer phase in the mixture obtains by polymerization with the monomer of chemical character; And the difference of polymkeric substance is under 100 ℃ the permanent shear stable index difference through KRL test in 20 hours; Simultaneously, molecular mass (number average or weight average molecular mass), the molecular mass of polymkeric substance distribute and have at least one to be different in the physical chemical characteristicses such as three-dimensional conformation (by degree of crosslinking or/and the degree of branching characterize) of (being characterized by polydispersity index) or polymkeric substance.

According to a specific embodiment, contain two kinds of polymkeric substance in the mixture at least, wherein a kind of polymkeric substance accounts for 10% to 90% of polymkeric substance total amount.

According to a specific embodiment, comprise two kinds of polymkeric substance in the mixture, a kind of category-A, a kind of C class, the mass ratio of category-A and C base polymer is between 10/90 to 90/10.

According to a specific embodiment, also comprise various functional additives and pour point improver optionally in the lubricating oil component of the present invention.Functional additive accounts for 5 to 30wt.% of final lubricating oil total mass; The quality of pour point improver is lower than the 1wt.% of total mass, is preferably 0.2% to 0.5wt.%.

According to a specific embodiment, the polymkeric substance in the mixture is viscosity modifier base polymer and pour point improver base polymer optionally.

Viscosity modifier is preferably from polyalphaolefin (PAO), polyisobutene (PIB), and polyester, olefin copolymer (OCP), vinylbenzene, divinyl, the homopolymer of isoprene or multipolymer are selected in the polymethacrylate (PMA).Wherein the kinematic viscosity during 100 ℃ of polyalphaolefins is greater than 90cSt.

Pour point improver is preferably polymethacrylate polymer.

A type polymkeric substance is preferably the viscosity modified polymkeric substance, selects from polymethacrylate, polyalphaolefin, polyisobutene and polyester.Wherein the kinematic viscosity during 100 ℃ of polyalphaolefins is 90cSt.

C type polymkeric substance is viscosity modifier preferably, selects from polymethacrylate, olefin copolymer, hydrogenated styrene-isoprene copolymer, lipin polymer.

The Type B polymkeric substance is preferably the viscosity modifier of polymethacrylate type.

Say from another point of view, the present invention relates to the method for the cunning oil compositions of a kind of the present invention of preparation.Wherein the lubricating oil composition composition comprises at least two kinds of different polymkeric substance; It is at least a in the V class base oil to contain I; And selectivity adds various additives and pour point improver.

According to a certain specific embodiment, at least a polymkeric substance is a viscosity modifier in the mixture, and this viscosity modifier is irrelevant with other additive group as independent added ingredients.

According to another embodiment, contain at least a viscosity modifier in the lubricating oil, and this viscosity modifier is partly or entirely as a kind of element in the additive group.

According to another embodiment, the whole or at least a viscosity modifier in the mixture exists with the thinner form of various additive groups.

According to a further aspect in the invention, the present invention relates to a kind of application that is applicable to the lubricating oil of the different mechanical parts of Motor vehicles.

This lubricating oil can be applicable to three mechanical parts of Motor vehicles, i.e. engine, variator and hydraulic circuit at least.

This lubricating oil also can be used for lubricated drag loop, airborne compressor and other auxiliary machinery.

Embodiment:

(A) shear stability is measured:

The shear stability of compound is described with permanent shear stable index (PSSI), according to ASTM (American society for testing materials) (ASTM) D6022-06 standard, utilizes the kinematic viscosity of shearing the front and back material to calculate.

The permanent shear stable formula of index of polymkeric substance is as follows in the lubricating oil:

PSSI＝100×(Vi-Vc)/(Vi-Vo)

Wherein:

Initial viscosity before base oil and polymeric blends are sheared in the time of Vi=100 ℃

Viscosity after base oil and polymeric blends are sheared in the time of Vc=100 ℃

Initial viscosity before base oil is sheared in the time of Vo=100 ℃

Therefore, the high more explanation polymkeric substance of permanent shear stable index of test lubricating oil polymkeric substance is responsive more to shearing.

According to the present invention, the permanent shear stable index shearing mensuration technology of polymkeric substance is the KRL test in 20 hours according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard.

According to the present invention, the selected reference oil of the permanent shear stable assessment of indices of polymkeric substance is III class base oil (API classification), and the viscosity in the time of its 100 ℃ is 4.2cSt.

Unless hereinafter add explanation in addition, the permanent shear stable index of polymkeric substance all is according to the ASTM-D6022-06 standard, with III class base oil dilution (the API stage division is pressed the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard, under 100 ℃ be 4.2cSt through 20 hours tested viscosity of KRL).

For the composition of the polymeric blends determining to add in the lubricating oil of the present invention, the applicant has determined to represent the suitable viscosity grade of different mechanical shearing conditions and various machineries.

(B) viscosity characteristics is measured

1. as the condition of engine oil:

For engine oil, CEC-L-14-A-93 (or ASTM D6278) standard code: representing its testing method of shearing situation is Bosch 30 periodic tests.

SAE J 300 sorting techniques regulations will be measured new engine oil body grade, particularly the kinematic viscosity under 40 ℃ and/or 100 ℃.

According to SAE J 300 sorting techniques, viscosity grade is that the kinematic viscosity under 100 ℃ of 30 the engine oils is between 9.3 to 12.5cSt.

According to SAE J 300 sorting techniques, viscosity grade is that the kinematic viscosity under 100 ℃ of 40 the engine oils is between 12.5 to 16.3cSt.

Viscosity grade is that 30 or 40 engine oil generally is applicable to the temperate climate condition.

According to SAE J 300 sorting techniques, viscosity grade is that the kinematic viscosity under 100 ℃ of 50 the engine oils is between 16.3 to 21.9cSt, is applicable to the tropical climate condition usually.

ACEA's standard has provided a large amount of supplementary provisions of engine oil in detail, particularly regulation: be under the engine shearing condition, the lubricating oil of use must be kept certain viscosity grade.

According to the requirement of the E2 of ACEA or E3 series, viscosity grade is 30,40 and 50 engine oil, 100 ℃ of kinematic viscosity after Bosch 30 periodic tests must be respectively greater than 9.0,12.0 and 15.0cSt.

According to the present invention, the lubricating oil that is fit to do engine oil should satisfy: the initial viscosity grade is that 30 lubricating oil is according to the CEC-L-14-A-93 standard, through the Bosch-30 periodic test, 100 ℃ kinematic viscosity is preferably between 9.0 to 12.0cSt greater than 9.0cSt.The initial viscosity grade be 40 lubricating oil according to the CEC-L-14-A-93 standard, after the Bosch-30 periodic test, 100 ℃ kinematic viscosity is preferably between 12.0 to 15.0cSt greater than 12.0cSt.After identical test, the initial viscosity grade be the kinematic viscosity of 100 ℃ of 50 lubricating oil greater than 15.0cSt, be preferably between 15.0 to 20.0.

2. as the condition of transmission oil

To transmission oil, the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard definition the representative shearing condition of variator, i.e. KRL 20 hours test.

By the analysis to the monitoring lubricating oil test data used, the applicant measures through KRL standard testing in 20 hours, and 100 ℃ of viscosity is applicable to variator under the temperate climate condition greater than the lubricating oil of 8.5cSt.In addition, through KRL standard testing in 20 hours, 100 ℃ of viscosity is applicable to the tropical climate condition greater than the lubricating oil of 11.0cSt.

3. as the condition of hydraulic circuit oil

The present patent application is stipulated can represent the residing shearing condition of hydraulic circuit lubricating oil equally according to the KRL test of CEC-L-45-A-99 standard simultaneously.

The present patent application is noticed in the hydraulic circuit operation and will be avoided under the startup problem, particularly cold condition of new oil.According to CEC-L-45-A-99 standard K RL test, the viscosity that temperate climate use lubricating oil is 40 ℃ should be less than 51cS, and the test duration was kept to 3 hours from 20 hours.Similar, according to CEC-L-45-A-99 standard K RL test, tropical climate use oil body should be less than 75cS, and the test duration was kept to 3 hours from 20 hours.

Therefore, according to the present invention, lubricating oil can be suitable for engine, variator, hydraulic circuit simultaneously.Because their viscosity characteristics satisfies following three conditions:

(a) according to the CEC-L-14-A-93 standard, through Bosch 30 periodic tests, the initial viscosity grade be 100 ℃ of viscosity of lubricating oil of 30 greater than 9.0cSt, be preferably between 9.0 to 12.0cSt; The initial viscosity grade be 40 lubricating oil viscosity greater than 12.0cSt, be preferably between 12.0 to 15.0cSt.

(b) according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard, through KRL 20 hours test, the initial viscosity grade be 100 ℃ of viscosity of lubricating oil of 30 or 40 greater than 8.5cSt, be preferably between 8.5 to 11.0cSt.

(c) according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard, through KRL 3 hours test (test duration reduced to 3 hours), the initial viscosity grade be 40 ℃ of viscosity of lubricating oil of 30 or 40 less than 51cSt, be preferably between 41 to 51cSt.

The lubricated meeting of satisfying these conditions is particularly suitable for the temperate climate condition.

According to a certain specific embodiment, lubricating oil of the present invention also goes for the tropical climate condition, and satisfies following condition:

(1) according to the CEC-L-14-A-93 standard of representing in the engine situation of shearing, through the Bosch-30 periodic test, the initial viscosity grade is that 100 ℃ of viscosity of lubricating oil of 50 are between 15.0 to 20.0cSt.

(2) according to the CEC-L-14-A-99 standard of representing in the variator situation of shearing, through 20 hours shearing tests of KRL, the initial viscosity grade is that 100 ℃ of viscosity of lubricating oil of 50 are between 11.0 to 14.0cSt.

(3) according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard, through 3 hours shearing tests of KRL, the initial viscosity grade is that 40 ℃ of viscosity of 50 lubricating oil are between 61 to 75cSt.

These conditions are all measured kinematic viscosity, are unit (cSt or mm with the centistoke ²/ s), undertaken by the standard method of mentioning in the literary composition.

(C) base oil:

The employed base oil of lubricant formula of the present invention be the I of API classification to V class base oil, can be mineral oil, synthetic oil or natural oil; Can use a kind of also can be several mixing use; But a feature is insensitive to shearing, and for example viscosity does not change under shearing condition.Base oil accounts for 50% of lubricating oil total mass at least, also may reach more than 95%, even 98%.

(D) additive group

According to the present invention, employed additive group is a conventional additive in the lubricant formula, by the professional person is known, satisfies the desired performance rate of ACEA and/or API.

Especially include, but are not limited to:

Prevent the antioxidant (as amine or phenol analog derivative) of deterioration of lubricant

By with the antifriction liniment and the extreme-pressure additive composition (zinc dithiophosphate) of metallic surface chemical reaction protection friction surface

Guarantee the dispersion agent (as the inferior acid amides of polyisobutene-amber) that the insoluble solid material suspends and removes smoothly

Prevent the hyperalkaline or the non-hyperalkaline sanitising agent of metallic surface formation of deposits, mainly by dissolved oxygen and combustion by-products realize (as salicylate, phenolate or sulfonate).

And base oil diluted composition and the selectivity of 30wt.% add the viscosity modified polymkeric substance at least.

Various additives account at least 5% of lubricating oil total mass, wherein comprise the quality of thinner.

(E) pour point improver

According to the present invention, the lubricant formula selectivity adds a kind of pour point improver, and these improving agents can be selected from polymethacrylate (PMA), usually its molecular weight 5000 to 10000 dalton.It should be noted that: when polymethacrylate was made pour point improvement additive, its massfraction was generally 0.2wt.%.Normally in lubricant base, add according to prescription and be diluted to different concns pour point improvement additive.When diluted formulations when not being very rare, polymethacrylate concentration is approximately 60%.

According to the present invention, the effect that viscosity modifier joins in the polymeric blends is a modulation oil body after shearing, and this may need higher content.

(F) polymeric blends in the lubricating oil

Selecting at least two kinds in " A " of above-mentioned viscosity characteristics by defining from below, " B " or " C " base polymer realizes.

According to invention, " A ", " B " or " C " base polymer are selected from various polymkeric substance to be used to improve viscosity index or raising pour point, as mentioned before.

Being consistent in the viscosity modifier of using in the invention and the single function lubricating oil.Preferably from poly-alpha-olefin (POA), polyisobutene (PIB), polyester, olefin copolymer (OCP) is selected in the homopolymer of vinylbenzene, divinyl, rubber matrix or multipolymer, the polymethacrylate (PMA).Wherein, the viscosity during 100 ℃ of poly-alpha-olefins is greater than 90cSt.

Pour point improver in the invention is preferably selected from polymethacrylate (PMA).

Usually, the purpose that adds the viscosity modified polymkeric substance is to reduce lubricating oil viscosity with variation of temperature, and this characteristic characterizes with oil body index V.I..Lubricating oil viscosity index is high more, and is just good more as the viscosity stability of a function of temperature.

According to the present invention, the used polymkeric substance of lubricating oil is divided three classes according to its permanent shear stable index (PSSI):

1) under 100 ℃ in the category-A polymkeric substance through standard testing in KRL20 hour, permanent shear stable index is smaller or equal to 40, these mixtures are insensitive to shearing: they be under 100 ℃ through standard testing in KRL20 hour, permanent shear stable index is smaller or equal to 40 polymkeric substance, preferably 0 to 20.Such polymkeric substance can make that lubricating oil maintains proper level in engine and the variator, but the lubricating oil viscosity of hydraulic circuit is sharply descended.

The category-A polymkeric substance includes but not limited to: mainly be the viscosity modified polymkeric substance of selecting from viscosity poly-alpha-olefin (POA) (100 ℃ time viscosity greater than 90cSt), polyisobutene (PIB), polymethacrylate (PMA).In particular, the category-A polymkeric substance is from polymethacrylate (Viscoplex 0-030,0-110,6-054,8-220,12-310), viscosity poly-alpha-olefin (Spectrasyn1000,300,150), the viscosity modified polymkeric substance of selecting in polyisobutene (Indopole 2100, and Lubrizol 3174), the polyester (Kenjetlube 2700).

2) under 100 ℃ in the category-B polymkeric substance through standard testing in KRL20 hour, permanent shear stable index is between 40 to 65.The moderate polymkeric substance of this class is very sensitive to shearing: through standard test in KRL20 hour, permanent shear stable index was between 40 to 65 under 100 ℃.If desired, this base polymer can be used as extra viscosity modifier.

The category-B polymkeric substance comprises and especially refers to polymethacrylate (Viscoplex 0-220,3-500,8-400,8-251,8-310) viscosity modified polymkeric substance.

3) under 100 ℃ of the C base polymers through standard testing in KRL20 hour, permanent shear stable index is more than or equal to 65.This base polymer is very sensitive for shearing, and through standard testing in KRL20 hour, permanent shear stable index was greater than 65, usually between 65 to 100 under 100 ℃.In hydraulic circuit, this base polymer can be brought long-time lasting viscosity degradation, thereby can avoid the cold-starting problem by THE ADIABATIC SHEAR IN.

The C base polymer generally includes but the viscosity modifier that is not limited to select from following polymkeric substance: olefin copolymer, the homopolymer of vinylbenzene, divinyl, isoprene or multipolymer.The C base polymer is generally following viscosity modified polymkeric substance: polymethacrylate (Viscoplex 7-710), (Paratone 8006 for olefin copolymer, Lubrizol 7077), (Shellvis 151 for hydrogenated styrene-isoprene copolymer, 201,261 and 301), lipin polymer (Lubrizol 3702).

According to the present invention, select for use two or morely to have different permanent shear stable exponential polymeric blends and just can obtain suitable viscosity characteristics.

The used polymeric blends of the present invention is made up of at least two kinds of polymkeric substance, and the difference of the different polymkeric substance in the mixture just is under 100 ℃ the permanent shear stable index difference of test after KRL20 hour.

The difference of at least two kinds of polymkeric substance that add in the mixture characterizes with permanent shear stable exponential difference, is at least 25.

In addition, polymkeric substance is not only relevant with chemical property to the resistibility of shearing, and is simultaneously relevant with the physical-chemical parameters.In fact, the parameters such as space conformation of the branch degree of molecular weight, molecular weight distribution (polydispersity index with polymkeric substance characterizes usually), polymkeric substance, polymkeric substance are all influential to shearing resistibility.Therefore, the compound with particular chemical character will belong to any in above-described A, B or the C base polymer, as polymethacrylate.

Therefore, the personnel that are familiar with this technology can select the required polymkeric substance of mixture according to A, B, C sorting technique and as the ability of lubricating oil family; To satisfy needed three extra condition of viscosity characteristics.

In mixture the chemical property of polymkeric substance or physico-chemical property not simultaneously, the viscosity characteristics that can obtain to be correlated with still.

The different roots of the chemical property of polymkeric substance are in its different polymer monomer preparation with chemical property in the mixture.Therefore, for example: polymethacrylate is different with the polyisobutene chemical property.

The different roots of the physicochemical property of polymkeric substance are in its preparation with polymer monomer with identical chemical property in the mixture.In this case, each polymkeric substance in the mixture has different permanent shear stable index ranges, and at least a different physicochemical property.Described physicochemical property are selected from molecular mass (number average quality or weight average quality), the molecular mass distribution (polydispersity index of polymkeric substance characterizes) of polymkeric substance or the three-dimensional conformation of polymkeric substance (crosslinked or/and the degree of branching sign).Can make full use of these differences on the physicochemical property according to the correlation technique of polymer arts.

According to a specific embodiment, the invention desirable ingredients is any mixed thing of A/B, A/C or B/C.Under the optimum condition, a kind of polymkeric substance accounts for mixture total mass 10% to 90% in A, B or the C class.According to preferred embodiment, composition is the mixture of A and C base polymer, and the quality ratio of A and C is 10: 90 to 90: 10.

According to another specific implementations, the invention desirable ingredients is the mixture of all proportions of A, B and three kinds of polymkeric substance of C class.In this mixture, A, B and C compounds account for 10% to 80% of total mass.Therefore, under the optimal conditions, the mass fraction of A, B, C compounds is 10: 10: 80 in the mixture, 10: 80: 10 or 80: 10: 10 and all middle scale.

According to a certain embodiment, the invention composition is A, B and three kinds of mixture of polymers of C, and the A massfraction is 30% to 45wt.%, and B is 1% to 20wt.%, and C is 30% to 45wt.%, and these percentage ratios are the mass percent of relative total polymer mass.

Preferably, the polymeric blends of invention accounts at least 5% of final quality of lubrication oil, or 5% to 40%, be preferably 5% to 15wt.%.

According to an embodiment, polymer quality is at least 1% of quality of lubrication oil.

In lubricating oil processing, comprise 5% polymer active material at least, remaining part is the base oil as thinner.In addition, needing under some situation seldom or does not need thinner (as poly-alpha-olefin), and the polymer active material can account for 100%.

Therefore, these lubricating oil can the different mechanical working conditionss of fast adaptation.

In order to prepare lubricating oil component of the present invention, mix two kinds in A, B, the C base polymer at least, at 20 to 100 ℃, condition of normal pressure is carried out usually; In V class base oil, selectivity comprises additive-package and pour point improver at least a I.

According to the present invention, A, B or C base polymer can join with the form of independent component in the lubricating oil component, and the component that also can be used as in the additive-package adds, as certain additive or thinner.

Therefore, add a kind of in A, B, the C class viscosity modified polymkeric substance at least according to the preparation of lubricating oil component of the present invention, this composition is as independent additive component, and is irrelevant with additive-package.

According to another specific embodiment, at least a A, B that lubricating oil is required or C class viscosity modified polymer moieties or all add with a kind of composition in the additive-package.

According to another specific embodiment, at least a A, B that lubricating oil is required or C class viscosity modified polymer moieties or all add with additive-package thinner form.

According to component of the present invention, can be used as the single lubricating oil in the different machineries that are applicable to Motor vehicles simultaneously, particularly have in the machinery of different shearing ratios.Therefore, the characteristic of these components makes it be particularly suitable for high-temperature stable sexual needs in engine and the variator, and the cold start-up of hydraulic power actuating system needs.

Embodiment

Example given below is non-limiting use range for the present invention is described.

Mixture joins in 1 litre bottle, stirs under 80 ℃.According to its kinematic viscosity of ASTM D445 standard test.Provide two examples below, according to SAE J 300 sorting techniques, viscosity grade is respectively 40 and 30.

Example 1:

Lubricating oil comprises the IV class lubricating oil base oil of 50wt.%, and the viscosity in the time of 100 ℃ is 2cSt; 1 commercial additive bag is supplied with in being labeled as of 14.25wt.%.Do not comprise any A of the present invention, B, C base polymer in these additive-package, thinner is a base oil.

Mix ingredients is:

The category-A poly-alpha-olefin of the present invention of 31wt.% (permanent shear stable index value is 6); And certain system component of 4.75wt.%, contain in this prescription that polyester active substance (permanent shear stable index value is 93) joins in the described lubricating oil afterwards in 35% the C class.

With this lubricating oil for preparing, according to SAE J300 standard, the lubricating oil viscosity grade is 40.

Example 2:

Contain the IV class lubricating oil base oil of 77.5wt.% in the lubricating oil, the viscosity in the time of 100 ℃ is 4.2cSt; And the commercialization additive-package that is labeled as supply 2 of 14.50wt.%, not comprising any A of the present invention, B, C base polymer in these additive-package, thinner is a base oil.

Mix ingredients is:

The category-A heavy poly-alpha-olefin of 3.5wt.%, its permanent shear stable index value is 35; And

Certain system component of 1wt.% contains 63% category-B pyromellitic acid polymer class active substance (permanent shear stable index value is 63) in this prescription;

The another kind of system component of 3.5wt.%, 10.8% is added in the described lubricating oil afterwards for C type hydrogenation styrene-isoprene polymkeric substance (permanent shear stable index value is 90) in the prescription.

With the lubricating oil of this method preparation, according to SAE J300 standard, the lubricating oil viscosity grade is 30.

Following table has provided the viscosity number of two kinds of lubricating oil families, and unit is cSt

Tested viscosity 100 ℃ time in 20 hours according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard through KRL.

According to the CEC-L-14-A-93 standard through the Bosch-30 periodic test, the viscosity in the time of 100 ℃

Tested viscosity 40 ℃ time in 3 hours according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard through KRL

Table 1:

Spectrasyn 150 is poly-alpha-olefin (PAO)

Spectrasyn 1000 is poly-alpha-olefin (PAO)

Lz 3702 is a lipin polymer.

Viscoplex 8-400 is a polymethacrylate

SV 261 is hydrogenated styrene-butadienecopolymer

The additive-package of supplying with in 1 and 2 is the commercialization additive that is applicable to engine, dilutes to III class base oil with I; According to the present invention, wherein do not contain any in A, B, the C base polymer.

These additives can make lubricating oil be particularly suitable for other engine of E3 level of the ACEC of ACEA.

Claims (according to the modification of the 19th of treaty)

1. lubricant formula: comprise under at least a in the V class base oil of I and 100 ℃ through KRL standard testing in 20 hours, permanent shear stable index (PSSI) difference is at least at least two kinds of mixture of polymers of 25, and its viscosity characteristics is as follows:

(a) the initial viscosity grade is 30 lubricating oil, according to the CEC-L-14-A-93 standard, carries out the Bosch-30 periodic test under 100 ℃, and final lubricant formula viscosity is preferably 9.0 to 12.0cSt greater than 9.0cSt; Perhaps the initial viscosity grade be 40 lubricating oil viscosity greater than 12.0cSt, be preferably 12.0 to 15.0cSt;

(b) according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard, under 100 ℃, carry out standard testing in KRL-20 hour, the initial viscosity grade be 30 or 40 lubricant formula viscosity greater than 8.5cSt, be preferably 8.5 to 11.0cSt;

(c) according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard, under 40 ℃, carry out standard testing in KRL-3 hour, the initial viscosity grade be 30 or 40 lubricant formula viscosity less than 51cSt, be preferably 41 to 51cSt.

2. lubricant formula: comprise under at least a in the V class base oil of I and 100 ℃ through KRL standard testing in 20 hours, permanent shear stable index (PSSI) difference is at least at least two kinds of mixture of polymers of 25, and its viscosity characteristics is as follows:

(1), be that 50 lubricant formula viscosity is 15.0 to 20.0cSt with 100 ℃ of following Bosch 30 periodic test test shows viscosity grades can representing the shearing condition in the engine according to the CEC-L-14-A-93 standard;

(2), show that with 20 hours standardized tests of 100 ℃ of following KRL of the shearing condition in can the simulated automotive variator initial viscosity grade is that 50 lubricant formula viscosity is 11.0 to 14.0cSt according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard;

(3) according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard, through KRL standard testing in 3 hours, the initial viscosity grade is that the viscosity of 50 lubricant formula is 61 to 75cSt under 40 ℃.

3. lubricant formula according to claim 1 and 2 wherein comprises at least a I to V class base oil and polymeric blends, and base oil accounts for the 50wt.% at least of final lubricating oil total mass; Contain at least two kinds of different polymkeric substance in A, B or the C type in the polymeric blends, it accounts for final lubricating oil total mass 5wt.% at least, is preferably 5 to 40wt.%, is preferably 5-15wt.%, three types of polymer A, B, C, divide by permanent shear stable index (PSSI):

-under 100 ℃ through KRL standard testing in 20 hours, the permanent shear stable index (PSSI) of A type polymkeric substance is smaller or equal to 40;

-under 100 ℃ through KRL standard testing in 20 hours, the permanent shear stable index (PSSI) of Type B polymkeric substance is between 40 to 65;

-under 100 ℃ through KRL standard testing in 20 hours, the permanent shear stable index (PSSI) of C type polymkeric substance is more than or equal to 65;

At least two kinds of polymkeric substance in the described lubricant formula, through KRL standard testing in 20 hours, permanent shear stable index difference is at least 25 under 100 ℃.

4. lubricant formula according to claim 3, wherein every kind of polymkeric substance in the mixture all is to be obtained by the monomer polymerization with different chemical character.

5. according to claim 3 or 4 described lubricant formulas, wherein every kind of polymkeric substance in the mixture all is to be obtained by the monomer polymerization with identical chemical property, every kind of polymkeric substance all has different permanent shear stable indexes (PSSI) and at least a different physicochemical property, and its permanent shear stable index is to carry out KRL standard testing in 20 hours to obtain under 100 ℃; Its physicochemical property are selected from: number average or weight average molecular mass, the molecular mass of the polymkeric substance that characterizes by polydispersity index distribute or by degree of crosslinking or/and the three-dimensional conformation of the polymkeric substance that the degree of branching characterizes.

6. according to any described lubricant formula in the claim 3 to 5, wherein comprise at least two kinds of polymkeric substance in the mixture, every kind of polymkeric substance accounts for 10% to 90% of mixture total mass.

7. according to any described lubricant formula in the claim 3 to 6, wherein mixture comprises two kinds of polymkeric substance, and a kind of is the A type, and another kind is the C type.

8. lubricant formula according to claim 7, the mass ratio of two kinds of polymer A, C is between 10/90 to 90/10.

9. according to each described lubricating oil component in the claim 3 to 8, wherein also comprise functional additive bag and selectivity and contain pour point improver, the functional additive bag accounts for 5 to 30wt.% of final lubricating oil total mass; The quality of pour point improver is lower than the 1wt.% of total mass, is preferably 0.2% to 0.5wt.%.

10. according to each described lubricant formula in the claim 3 to 9, wherein the polymkeric substance in the mixture is selected from viscosity modified type polymkeric substance and pour point modified version polymkeric substance optionally.

11. lubricant formula according to claim 10, wherein viscosity modified type polymkeric substance is selected from polyalphaolefin (PAO), polyisobutene (PIB), polyester, olefin copolymer (OCP), the homopolymer of vinylbenzene, divinyl or isoprene or multipolymer, polymethacrylate (PMA), wherein the kinematic viscosity during 100 ℃ of polyalphaolefins is greater than 90cSt.

12. lubricant formula according to claim 10, pour point modified version polymkeric substance wherein is selected from polymethacrylate.

13. according to any described lubricant formula in the claim 3 to 12, A type polymkeric substance wherein is a viscosity modified type polymkeric substance, be selected from polymethacrylate, polyalphaolefin, polyisobutene and polyester, wherein the kinematic viscosity during 100 ℃ of polyalphaolefins is 90cSt.

14. according to each described lubricant formula in the claim 3 to 12, C type polymkeric substance wherein is a viscosity modified type polymkeric substance, is selected from polymethacrylate, olefin copolymer, hydrogenated styrene-isoprene copolymer, lipin polymer.

15. according to each described lubricant formula in the claim 3 to 12, Type B polymkeric substance wherein is a polymethacrylate viscosity modified type polymkeric substance.

16. method for preparing any described lubricating oil component in the claim 1 to 15, wherein a kind ofly contain at least two kinds of different mixture of polymers and join the I class to V class base oil at least a, wherein optionally comprise additive-package and pour point improver.

17. the method for preparing each described lubricating oil component in the claim 1 to 15 according to claim 16, wherein at least a polymkeric substance in the mixture is a viscosity modifier, and this viscosity modifier directly joins in the lubricating oil component as independent component, and is irrelevant with additive-package.

18. the method for preparing each described lubricating oil component in the claim 1 to 15 according to claim 16, wherein at least a viscosity modifier partly or entirely adds with the formation of a kind of composition in the additive-package in the mixture.

19. the method for preparing each described lubricating oil component in the claim 1 to 15 according to claim 16, wherein at least a viscosity modified type polymer moieties or all add in the mixture with the thinner form of additive-package.

20. the application of each described lubricating oil component in the claim 1 to 15 may be used solely to the different mechanical parts of lubricated motor vehicles and machines.

21. application according to claim 20 can be used for engine, variator and three kinds of mechanical parts of hydraulic circuit of lubricated Motor vehicles at least.

22. according to claim 20 or 21 described application, described lubricating oil also can lubricate the drag loop, airborne compressor and other auxiliary machinery.

Claims

(a) the initial viscosity grade is 30 lubricating oil, according to the CEC-L-14-A-93 standard, carries out the Bosch-30 periodic test under 100 ℃, and final lubricating oil viscosity is preferably 9.0 to 12.0cSt greater than 9.0cSt; Perhaps the initial viscosity grade be 40 lubricating oil viscosity greater than 12.0cSt, be preferably 12.0 to 15.0cSt;

(b) according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard, under 100 ℃, carry out standard testing in KRL-20 hour, the initial viscosity grade be 30 or 40 lubricating oil viscosity greater than 8.5cSt, be preferably 8.5 to 11.0cSt;

(c) according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard, under 40 ℃, carry out standard testing in KRL-3 hour, the initial viscosity grade be 30 or 40 lubricating oil viscosity less than 51cSt, be preferably 41 to 51cSt.

2. lubricant formula comprises a kind of and polymeric blends of I in the V class base oil at least, and base oil accounts for more than the 50wt.% of final lubricating oil component total mass; Mixture contains A, at least two kinds of polymkeric substance in three types of polymkeric substance of B, C, it accounts for more than the 5wt.% of final lubricating oil total mass, be preferably 5 to 40wt.%, be preferably 5% to 15wt.%, the type of polymkeric substance is divided according to permanent shear stable index (PSSI):

-A type polymkeric substance, through KRL standard testing in 20 hours, its permanent shear stable index (PSSI) is smaller or equal to 40 under 100 ℃;

-Type B polymkeric substance, through KRL standard testing in 20 hours, its permanent shear stable index (PSSI) is between 40 to 65 under 100 ℃;

-C type polymkeric substance, through KRL standard testing in 20 hours, its permanent shear stable index (PSSI) is more than or equal to 65 under 100 ℃;

At least comprise two kinds of polymkeric substance in the said lubricating oil component, through KRL standard testing in 20 hours, permanent shear stable exponential difference is more than or equal to 25 under 100 ℃.

3. lubricant formula according to claim 2, wherein every kind of polymkeric substance in the mixture all is to be obtained by the monomer polymerization with different chemical character.

4. according to claim 2 or 3 described lubricant formulas, wherein every kind of polymkeric substance in the mixture all is to be obtained by the monomer polymerization with identical chemical property, every kind of polymkeric substance all has different permanent shear stable indexes (PSSI) and at least a different physicochemical property, and its permanent shear stable index is to carry out KRL standard testing in 20 hours to obtain under 100 ℃; Its physicochemical property are selected from: number average or weight average molecular mass, the molecular mass of the polymkeric substance that characterizes by polydispersity index distribute or by degree of crosslinking or/and the three-dimensional conformation of the polymkeric substance that the degree of branching characterizes.

5. according to any described lubricant formula in the claim 2 to 4, wherein comprise at least two kinds of polymkeric substance in the mixture, every kind of polymkeric substance accounts for 10% to 90% of mixture total mass.

6. according to any described lubricant formula in the claim 2 to 5, wherein the polymeric blends in the lubricating oil comprises two kinds of polymkeric substance, and a kind of is the A type, another kind of C type.

7. lubricant formula according to claim 6, the mass ratio of two kinds of polymer A, C is between 10/90 to 90/10.

8. according to each described lubricant formula in the claim 2 to 7, wherein also comprise functional additive bag and selectivity and contain pour point improver, the functional additive bag accounts for 5 to 30wt.% of final lubricating oil total mass; The quality of pour point improver is lower than the 1wt.% of total mass, is preferably 0.2% to 0.5wt.%.

9. according to each described lubricant formula in the claim 2 to 8, the polymkeric substance in the polymeric blends wherein is selected from viscosity modified type polymkeric substance and pour point modified version polymkeric substance optionally.

10. lubricant formula according to claim 9, wherein viscosity modified type polymkeric substance is selected from polyalphaolefin (PAO), polyisobutene (PIB), polyester, olefin copolymer (OCP), the homopolymer of vinylbenzene, divinyl or isoprene or multipolymer, polymethacrylate (PMA), wherein the kinematic viscosity during 100 ℃ of polyalphaolefins is greater than 90cSt.

11. lubricant formula according to claim 9, pour point modified version polymkeric substance wherein is selected from polymethacrylate.

12. according to any described lubricant formula in the claim 2 to 11, A type polymkeric substance wherein is a viscosity modified type polymkeric substance, be selected from polymethacrylate, polyalphaolefin, polyisobutene and polyester, wherein the kinematic viscosity during 100 ℃ of polyalphaolefins is 90cSt.

13. according to each described lubricant formula in the claim 2 to 11, C type polymkeric substance wherein is a viscosity modified type polymkeric substance, is selected from polymethacrylate, olefin copolymer, hydrogenated styrene-isoprene copolymer, lipin polymer.

14. according to each described lubricant formula in the claim 2 to 11, Type B polymkeric substance wherein is a polymethacrylate viscosity modified type polymkeric substance.

15. according to each described lubricant formula in the claim 2 to 14, this lubricating oil component has the described character of claim 1.

16. method for preparing any described lubricating oil component in the claim 1 to 15, wherein a kind ofly contain at least two kinds of different mixture of polymers and join among at least a in the base oil of V class of I class, wherein optionally comprise additive-package and pour point improver.

18. the method for preparing each described lubricating oil component in the claim 1 to 14 according to claim 16, wherein at least a viscosity modifier partly or entirely adds with the formation of a kind of composition in the additive-package in the mixture.