CN101575845B

CN101575845B - Water-filling power station

Info

Publication number: CN101575845B
Application number: CN200810044359.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 历洪德
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-05-07
Filing date: 2008-05-07
Publication date: 2015-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 2028-05-07
Also published as: CN101575845A

Abstract

Water-filling power station of the present invention, belongs to technical field of hydroelectric generation.The generating of pad water is without a water in storehouse, and unit can obtain 5%-20% electric power more.It moves on to downstream the drop more than needed of upstream, generates electricity by the tail water supply slave of enclosure wall or the padded main hydraulic turbine of little dike.Slave is sitting on enclosure wall or drains into elsewhere.Main frame finds tail water and is padded, and can hold the large stutter of large adjustment doors in time and to have more than needed drop, now slave generated output is very considerable.Open lock at the bottom of enclosure wall when abundant remaining drop deficiency owed by reservoir to release, main frame recovers independent power generation.Drop more than needed represents required by reservoir, is stock.Drop more than needed be " gesture " can existence, it is blocked outdoors by Water-Turbine Engine Adaption valve, and drop more than needed represents power margin with flow product, it with the outflow extinction of generating water in adjustment doors.The generating of pad water is exactly regain to wither away to become real power at the power margin of valve.Water-filling power station can eradicate waterpower instability, and the overwhelming majority of the maximum drop of upstream is moved on to downstream, there is not the waterpower instability problems such as cavitation, the separation of flow, runner whirlpool.

Description

Water-filling power station

Technical field: hydroelectric generation

Background technology: traditional power station, does not add utilization to drop more than needed, takes over and has abandoned considerable electric power.

Summary of the invention: water-filling power station of the present invention, has universal significance to large hydropower station.Utilize drop supply pad water slave more than needed generating can obtain considerable electric power.

Water-filling power station is that the drop more than needed of upstream is moved on to downstream, with the tail water of the padded hydraulic turbine of slim enclosure wall of band lacing wire, and the generating of supply slave.

Main hydrogenerator is perceived tail water and is padded, and when flow and generated output decrease, automatically can hold its regulating gate large, the drop more than needed of large stutter upstream, recovers former flow and formerly starts rate.Now pad the dynamic rate of water slave generating very considerable.

When abundant remaining drop deficiency owed by reservoir, open lock at the bottom of enclosure wall and release, main frame recovers independent power generation, and slave is stopped using,

The existence of drop more than needed, represents reservoir plentiful, and drop more than needed is deposit, be wealth is resource, and the increase of drop more than needed, be required by reservoir happiness, the design work in power station and the operation work of reservoir, all wish considerable drop more than needed.The operation work in power station, button of would rather starting shooting less, also will leave certain drop more than needed, to be badly in need of using.

Drop more than needed be " gesture " can existence, it can not generate electricity separately, can not participate in generating, because it is conditioned valve interception outdoors.The product of drop more than needed and flow, represent power margin, power margin, along with the outflow of generating water, is withered away on control valve.

Water-filling power station can be regained the overwhelming majority of the power margin of withering away on control valve, becomes real power.Development space and universal significance is had to large hydropower station.

Besides drop more than needed, the volt Pan phase is the highest, and drop of having more than needed in autumn, winter is considerable, and in the peach blossom water season of the end of spring and the beginning of summer, drop more than needed is also considerable.Just in season in midsummer for meeting the torrential rain reservoir drop of having more than needed that soars minimum, perhaps occurring negative value, is also of short duration.Drop more than needed provides condition for four seasons equilibrium generates electricity.

Considerable drop more than needed, is supplied to water-filling power station and sends considerable electric power, only has water-filling power station can save the life of drop more than needed, becomes considerable electric power.

The power of the pad water generating of analog computation Baozhusi Hydropower Station unit imagination.

1. level of tail water 489m (elevation) ... for sake of convenience, think that the level of tail water is constant.

2. lowest water level 560m ... think the lowest water level that full power generates electricity.

3. usual water level 588m;

4. 17.5 ten thousand kilowatts four, installation HL622 type

5. within 1998, build up and start to serve as peak regulation task.

The pad water generated output of unit imagination is calculated as follows:

(1) the necessary drop H calculating the generating of unit full power is asked _b:

H _blowest water level one level of tail water of=upstream full power generating

＝560-489

＝71m

(2) the flow Q calculating the generating of unit full power is asked:

Q=unit rated power ÷ (necessary drop × 9.8 × 0.92 × 0.91)

=17.5 ten thousand ÷ (71 × 9.8 × 0.92 × 0.91)

=300 metric cubes/wonderful (m ³/ s) 0.92 × 0.91 be the efficiency of hydraulic turbine generator in formula

(3) the drop H more than needed calculating design is asked _sF:

H _sF=water level-lowest water level usually

＝588-560

＝28m

(4) the drop H more than needed of tentative calculation operation _yF:

H _yFthe drop more than needed of=design is made a call to 6 foldings and is calculated

＝28×0.6

=16.8 ... this number is downstream pad water elevation, thinks that main frame tail water room intensity allows.

(5) calculation unit pad water generating (may be 2 parallel connections) general power P is asked _d:

P _dflow × 9.8 × 0.92 × 0.91 of drop more than needed × separate unit main frame full power generating of=operation

＝16.8×300×9.8×0.92×0.91

=4.1 ten thousand kilowatts

(6) answer: the separate unit main frame pad water generated output of Baozhusi Hydropower Station imagination is 4.1 ten thousand kilowatts.

(7) revise, pad water generator group, belong to low, the slow-speed of revolution, size is loose.The tail water region of main frame is not spacious, and installation of taking to stagger is divided into two power 2 slaves, eats up main frame tail water flow to reaching.---after implementing engineering design, could unknown problem be solved, perhaps not reach the pad water-horse power of calculating, after decreasing, pad water generated output, remain the very considerable innovation energy.Social benefit is huge.

Simulation calculates the pad water generated output of the three gorges hydropower plant unit imagination:

1, information material ... (the online data of computer)

1. single-machine capacity 700,000 kilowatts.

2. downstream river surface water level: 75m (elevation)

3. rated head: 80.6m ... think that the minimum drop that full power generates electricity also is necessary drop.

4. normal pool level: 175m

2, single pad water generated output closing unit imagination is calculated as follows:

(1) the flow Q calculating the generating of unit full power is asked:

Q=rated power ÷ (rated head × 9.8 × 0.92 × 0.91)

=70 ten thousand ÷ (80.6 × 9.8 × 0.92 × 0.91)

=1065 metric cubes/second (m ³/ s)

(2) the drop H more than needed calculating design is asked _sF:

H _sF=normal pool level-rated head-level of tail water

＝175-80.1-75

＝19.9m

(3) the drop H more than needed of tentative calculation operation _yF:

＝19.9×0.6

＝12m

(4) pad water generating (may be 2 slave parallel connections) general power P of tentative calculation single unit imagination _d:

P _ddrop more than needed × main frame tail water flow × 9.8 × 0.92 × 0.91 of=operation

＝12×1065×9.8×0.92×0.91

=10.5 ten thousand kilowatts

(5) answer: the pad water generated output of the three gorges hydropower plant single unit imagination is 10.5 ten thousand kilowatts.

(6) revise: pad water generator group belongs to low head, the slow-speed of revolution, size hypertrophy.Main frame tail water region is not spacious, and installation of taking to stagger is divided into two power 2 slaves, eats up main frame tail water flow to reaching.---after executing engineering design, could solve unknown problem, perhaps not reach the pad water-horse power of calculating, the pad water generated output after decreasing, remain the very considerable innovation energy, social benefit is huge.

Accompanying drawing illustrates:

The pad water generating schematic diagram of Fig. 1, simulation Baozhusi Hydropower Station imagination.

The pad water generating schematic diagram of Fig. 2, simulation the three gorges hydropower plant imagination.

Fig. 3, under water floor map

Fig. 4, hydraulic turbine volute room schematic diagram

Fig. 5, Dynamo Room plan view

Fig. 6, the indicator diagram of enclosure wall foundation construction under water

Detailed description of the invention:

One, water enclosure wall is padded: task is the tail water supply slave generating of the padded hydraulic turbine.Construction working does not affect main engine power generation.

1, for account for space, tail water road less, the slim enclosure wall of band lacing wire is adopted.The right wall of left wall rides on tail water road.

2, on tail water road, build operation platform, lay large-diameter drill.Bore diameter 80---the hole of 00 centimetre of the row of breaking at enclosure wall basic part, be deep into base of dam huge rock.

3, prefabricated pipe box is inserted at the bottom of cave, then the reinforcing steel bar cage of existing system is inserted placing of concrete in pipe box, form campshed under water, surface.

4, lay backplate between campshed, insert reinforcing steel bar cage, placing of concrete, surfaces, and forms thin wall under water.Enclosure wall waterborne is cast-in-place.

5, the horizontal lacing wire several rows of first, at the soil of protocercal tail water surface, the horizontal lacing wire several rows of second, 2/3 place that wall is high on the former water surface.Lacing wire is oval.Major diameter 150 centimetres, minor axis 80 centimetres.45 °, the first elevation angle, 30 °, the second elevation angle, lacing wire interval 2.5-3 rice.

6, the wall of water surface soil is high, equals drop more than needed and adds 2 meters again as height in hand.

7, the dam body under water of main frame tail water portal and the contiguity of thin wall, remove liver moss, obtains exposed new stubble, pouring high standard height mortar.The above water of dam body and connecting of thin wall, adopt the expansion bolt in a row of heavy galvanizing, placing of concrete.

8, a few place of overflow gap is arranged at enclosure wall top, and it is of a size of long 3m height 1.5m.

9, walkway and guardrail are arranged at enclosure wall top.With cat ladder two place of galvanizing steel in enclosure wall.

10, enclosure wall length is with 5 meters for a surname, for solving the suction side stress that sediment outflow jet erosion enclosure wall local surfaces is formed, installs Wen Qiulishi air wall.With the light plate of intensive fenestra, be installed in enclosure wall local surfaces.Air wall thickness, that is the gap of light plate and wall, desirable 20 centimetres, the three gorges hydropower plant is without air wall.Sand removing hole and tail water mouth, not at a place.

Two, water power plant building is padded:

1, first floor under water, is three wall two corridors, suitably should expands lateral dimension, ensures that tail water flow area increases to some extent.As adjusted energy bearing load, or light material unit, two wall one corridor one machines or corridor two machine can be adopted.

2, there is one, respective end lock the every corridor of bottom, and for ease of alternately rising and falling, every end lock is that front and back two are fanned.Respectively there is the electric lifting device of oneself.Every corridor bottom tail end will have maintenance lock, and can handly rise and fall, will there be seepage sump and water pump in every corridor.

3, the second layer is hydraulic turbine volute room and turbine chamber, and be also three wall two corridors or two wall one corridors, there are two hydraulic turbines every corridor.

4, third layer is Dynamo Room and electric installation room, does not have middle walls, installs two machines.

5, third layer has the crane of oneself.Consider that pad water hydrogenerator is all low head large discharge, its profile is loose, and unit is heavier, and third layer will have firm another Component storage area.

6, factory building will avoid the front camber line of sediment outflow, jet, or installs Wen Qiulishi air barricade.The sand removing hole of the three gorges hydropower plant, not near tail water mouth, the three gorges hydropower plant does not want air wall.

Three, to the particular/special requirement of hydrogenerator:

1, pad water power plant building narrow, low head, large discharge, machine packet size is comparatively large, can not take separate unit sizing unit, must particular design manufacture.

2, the fall range of unit wants wide.Adopt the change impeller type turbine without control valve.

3, customized ZZ582 series modified wide drop 3-15 rice, becomes blade angle degree between 0 °-22.5 °.Intensity emphatically, not overcritical efficiency.Draft tube cone is as far as possible short, inserts 1 meter under water.

4, the synchronous generator of DC exciter selected by generator.Particular/special requirement is tall and thin type.

5, generator is carried out demagnetize and can not carry out demagnetization, carries out dynamic braking when the time comes.

Claims

1. one kind is padded the method for water generating, it is characterized in that: the drop more than needed of upstream is moved on to mining under reservoir, with the tail water of the padded hydraulic turbine of enclosure wall, the generating of supply slave, main hydrogenerator is perceived tail water and is padded, when flow and generated output decrease, can automatically hold large control valve, the drop more than needed of large stutter upstream, recover former flow and former generated output (now slave generated output is very considerable), when reservoir owe abundant remaining drop not enough time, open lock at the bottom of enclosure wall and release, main frame recovers independent power generation and to stop using slave.