CN101564896B - Vacuum rush gum forming method of fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material - Google Patents
Vacuum rush gum forming method of fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material Download PDFInfo
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- CN101564896B CN101564896B CN2009100862426A CN200910086242A CN101564896B CN 101564896 B CN101564896 B CN 101564896B CN 2009100862426 A CN2009100862426 A CN 2009100862426A CN 200910086242 A CN200910086242 A CN 200910086242A CN 101564896 B CN101564896 B CN 101564896B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a resin flowing compound material forming method which is aided by vacuum. A fiber-reinforced material is tailored and then paved in a mould cavity according to the design of layer quantity and structure of a product. Resin and firming agent are prepared into dipping glue solution which is evenly coated in the mould cavity and ensured to permeate the fiber-reinforced material. A mould is sent into a vacuum bag which is sealed and then vacuumized till a vacuum bag film closely clings to the surface of the reinforced material supported by the mould. A panel with elastic planes is used for expel foams and surplus glue solution in the vacuum bag to the edges outside the mould cavity. Then, in the conditions of normal temperature or heating and vacuum, the product gradually undergoes solidification and demoulding. The method can improve the mechanical properties and the surface quality of the compound material product, reduce the cost on production apparatuses and auxiliary materials and simplify the method operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the composite material forming method technical field, relate to vacuum assisted resin flow forming method technology, be fit to the preparation of the carbon fiber composite material article of various sizes and labyrinth, as accessories such as carbon fiber bike fenders, outward appearance parts such as carbon fiber automobile engine cover, bonnet, husky plate, spoiler, the blade of the model of an airplane, the manufacturing of goods such as carbon fiber furniture.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the fast development of high-performance fiber (mainly referring to carbon fiber, aramid fiber or its assorted fibre etc.) enhancing polymer matrix composites product molding technology, the also corresponding rapid expansion of its range of application.In the processing method of a large amount of accessories of every profession and trade equipment such as the vehicles, high-grade toy, sports equipment, musical instrument, medicine equipment, structural member, generally adopt the hand of fiber-resin composite to stick with paste or the injection molding technology.But traditional hand is stuck with paste or there is the resin content height in the injection molding goods, poor mechanical property, problem such as production environment is abominable, and constant product quality is bad.For the goods of top grade, traditional forming technique limitation is very big like this.What in the last few years, people extensively adopted is resin transfer molding (ResinTransfer Molding, RTM) technology.Its cardinal principle is at first to put the reinforcing material preform that designs by performance and structural requirement well at the die cavity middle berth, adopt injection device that special-purpose low viscosity injecting resin system is injected closed mould cavity, mould has periphery sealing and fastening system, injection port and gas extraction system, resin can flow and discharge all gas in the die cavity smoothly and thoroughly soak into fiber under injection pressure, and mould also has heating system to be heating and curing and the moulding composite element.Its main feature has: closed moulding, and product size and external form precision height are fit to the high-quality composite integrated member of moulding (whole blade-inferior moulding); Initial investment is bigger; The goods surfaces externally and internally is highly polished, the shaping efficiency height.But, no matter be determining and implementing of the selection of the design of mould design and manufacturing, reinforcing material and lay, resinous type and modification, method parameter (as injection pressure, temperature, resin viscosity etc.), all need before production, determine by computer simulation analysis and experimental verification, thereby effectively ensure the quality of products-causing property, its cost is higher.
Chinese patent CN1554531 discloses a kind of vacuum assisted resin infusion method and technology, and the dipping of resin brake region control resin to prefabricated component need be set at the prefabricated component edge; The exhaust passage is set in gas extraction system, adjusts gas circuit structure, gas in the discharging vacuum bag; Design resin permeable medium multilayer superimposition lay structure, control resin flow state.Its method complexity, operating technology require high, and for big goods, occur gelatin viscosity and vacuum pumping rate easily and be difficult to control, and flood inhomogeneously, and exhaust passage, resin water conservancy diversion are provided with complexity, easily go out shortcomings such as waste product.Need the design resin flow channel, accurately control gelatin viscosity and just sticking time, accurately control vacuum pumping rate or the like,
The problem that prior art exists:
1 mould complexity, and be difficult to manufacture the product of barb type;
2 cost of raw material height:, can only adopt suitable reinforcing material in order to guarantee the smooth of injecting glue; Resin choice is also very crucial, wants viscosity and working life the appropriate methodology requirement.
3 forming method complexity: because resin flows in the mould of sealing and dipping, the control of method is difficult, is prone to dried yarn phenomenon, particularly under the situation that improves fiber content.
4 have the product of carbon fiber decorative pattern for the surface, are difficult to guarantee the systematicness of lines: because resin is to inject mould under certain pressure, washes away fiber easily and make the fiber grain torsional deformation.
Local gum deposit appears in 5 products easily: what occur during owing to fiber placement is local inhomogeneous, gum deposit will occur in the gap.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for improving the mechanical property of fiber-resin composite goods, improve the surface quality of goods and reduce its production equipment, subsidiary materials cost, reduce the percent defective of product, the method for simplifying operation has proposed a kind of vacuum rush gum composite material forming method.
The vacuum rush gum composite material forming method that the present invention proposes:, press the number of plies that goods design and structure lay in mold cavity at first with after the fibre reinforced materials cutting; Resin and curing agent weigh in proportion, mix, stirring is mixed with the dipping glue; The dipping glue evenly is coated in the mold cavity, and guarantees that glue soaks into reinforcing material; Send mould the film vacuum bag of plastics or elastomeric material to, vacuumize after the sealing; Air is taken away in the vacuum bag under the effect of vacuum, and simultaneously the vacuum bag film tightly is fitted on the reinforcing material surface that mould props up.The air pressure for the treatment of vacuum bag is during less than-0.1MPa, with finger or the making sheet of elastic linear the bubble in the vacuum bag and glue more than needed were driven to before resin gel on the edge outside the mold cavity, subsequently, at normal temperature or heat (whether heat by resinous principle determine) and vacuum condition under, product is curing and demolding gradually.In the vacuum rush gum process, should guarantee the uniformity of product thickness, and guarantee not make the texture displacement of reinforcing material generation modification and fabric.The resin gel time is determined by resinous principle.
The mould of above-mentioned forming method is the mould that product molding is used, and material is fiberglass, metal pattern or a kind of or its combination that reaches other mould.
The reinforcing material of above-mentioned forming method is for fibre reinforced materials commonly used, as carbon fiber, glass fibre, aramid fiber or its single variety or blended fabric.
The dipping glue preparation used of composite routinely of the dipping glue of above-mentioned forming method, wherein resin is a kind of or its hybrid resin of epoxy resin, vinyl ester resin or unsaturated-resin commonly used.In order to guarantee the resin impregnated reinforcing material, the viscosity of resin system under normal temperature after the mixing is between 0.1-1.0Pa.s.
The vacuum bag of above-mentioned forming method is the bag film of plastics or elastomeric material, and the external interface that is connected with vacuum pipe need not be provided with the many places resin flow channel.
The making sheet of the elastic linear of the usefulness of said method can be common cork, plastics, rubber or glass-reinforced plastic material etc.
Effect of the present invention:
The present invention is the use that has increased vacuum bag on the basis of traditional-handwork hand formulating method, and therefore this vacuum rush gum forming method has the advantage of hand formulating method and RTM method concurrently.The one, glue spreading method has in advance guaranteed the abundant dipping of glue to fortifying fibre, avoids occurring dried yarn, avoids occurring waste product; The 2nd, has significantly reduced the porosity and the gel content of goods under the effect of vacuum and elasticity making sheet, fiber volume fraction can surpass 50%, and the mechanical property of product can reach the product properties of RTM method; The 3rd. under the effect of vacuum pressure and elasticity making sheet, goods keep the lines of fabric at positions such as wedge angle and right angles, thereby obtain excellent surface quality, and this is that any other method all is difficult to realize; The 4th, compare with other vacuum assisted resin infusion technology (as RTM), do not need to design resin flow channel, accurately control gelatin viscosity and just sticking time, accurately control vacuum pumping rate or the like, significantly simplified forming method; The 5th, compare with the RTM method, do not need specific fabric and resin dedicated, resin demand can be controlled, and has reduced material cost; And equipment is simple, operating process is terse, easily grasp, but the product one-shot forming, the production efficiency height; Mould is simple.The 6th, compare operating environment cleaning, environmental protection with the hand formulating method.Can produce baroque products such as having wedge angle and back-off.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a vacuum rush gum composite material forming method schematic diagram
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 the invention process step is further described:
(1) glue slag around the mould 3 is removed, mold cavity is wiped clean, and even release agent application.Guarantee the mold cavity cleaning, the releasing agent coating evenly;
(2) with after fibre reinforced materials 2 cuttings, according to the number of plies of goods designs and structure lay in mold cavity.All materials are routed to the position and fit closely with each position of die cavity, and the material nearest with mold cavity must not have at random, the twisted phenomena of lines;
(3) resin and curing agent are fully mixed, are stirred into dipping glue in the ratio of goods designing requirement, evenly be brushed to then on the reinforcing material 2 in the mold cavity.Consumption is abundant to guarantee reinforcing material 2 impregnations, and not unnecessary glue is as the criterion;
(4) mould is sent in the vacuum bag 1, guaranteed that reinforcing material 2 must not have any moving on mould 3, to avoid dislocation.Begin to vacuumize, tightly be fitted in the mould on the reinforcing material surface, should guarantee that both fit closely, put in place until the vacuum bag film;
When (5) treating vacuum, begin bubble and resin liquid more than needed to be caught up with, on the edge of it being released outside mold cavity, and guarantee not make reinforcing material 2 on mould 3, to be distorted, to slide with resilient making sheet less than-0.1MPa;
(6) resin generation gel under vacuum state, and kept 30 minutes.Stop then vacuumizing, pull down vacuum bag 1.Product is put into heated oven heats and reaches demoulding strength until solidifying fully.
Below by embodiment,, but the invention is not restricted to these embodiment to the detailed description of the invention.
The moulding of embodiment 1 carbon fiber automobile engine cover
(1) mould is prepared.The mould that moulding is used is a fiber reinforced plastic mold.At first clean out glue slag residual in the mold cavity etc., pick releasing agent with clean cotton yarn, wiping is on the surface of mold cavity.
(2) cutting of reinforcing material and lay.Reinforcing material be 200 the gram/square metre the 3K carbon cloth, available from U.S. BGF company, 450 the gram/square metre the alkali-free glass fibre weak point cut felt and 300 the gram/square metre the alkali-free glass fibre weak point cut felt, all available from Tai'an, Shandong glass fibre Co., Ltd.Cut the size of carbon cloth and glass mat according to die size.Periphery will surpass 3 centimetres at mold cavity edge.Ground floor is the 3K carbon cloth, the second layer be 300 the gram/square metre glass mat, the 3rd layer be 450 the gram/square metre glass mat.
(3) join glue.The resin that moulding is used is the LY-628 vinylite that Feitian, Guangdong Province chemical industry Co., Ltd produces, and curing agent is a methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and promoter is that concentration is 6% cobalt benzole soln, all available from Lianping, Guangzhou glass material Co., Ltd.2.8 kilograms of LY-628 vinylites of scale in Plastic Drum at first, according to the portions of resin curing agent: the ratio scale of promoter=100: 2: 0.4 (weight ratio) goes out methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and cobalt benzene.At first promoter is poured in the resin and stir, and then curing agent poured in the resin stir.
(4) resin that stirs is coated in the mold cavity of having completed reinforcing material uniformly, up to the resin impregnated fiber cloth.Then mould is put into plastic vacuum bag,, and connect vacuum tube with the fluid sealant sealing.Begin to vacuumize, when vacuum meter be-during 0.2MPA, unnecessary resin is scraped on the outer edge of mold cavity with the polyurethane rubber scraper plate.
(5) caught up with glue by the time after, kept vacuum behind the resin gel 30 minutes always.Close vavuum pump then, remove vacuum bag, normal temperature solidified 2 hours the back down.The demoulding, polishing, polishing forms finished product.
The moulding of example 2 carbon fiber bike fenders
The material of vacuum rush gum forming carbon fiber bike fender is as follows: 1.Resin system 600 grams, wherein unsaturated polyester resin is the LY-199 that Feitian, Fanyu, Guangdong Province chemical industry Co., Ltd produces, and curing agent is a methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and promoter is 6% cobalt benzole soln, and weight ratio is: 100: 2: 0.5；2。Reinforcing material be 1 layer of 240 gram/square metre the 3K carbon cloth, produce by Japanese TORAY company; 4 layer of 400 gram/square metre alkali-free glass fiber cloth, available from the rich white composite in Guangzhou Co., Ltd.
At first cut out a slice pattern according to the motorcycle model, its peripheral size is greater than 3 centimetres of dashboards.According to pattern cutting carbon cloth and glass fabric.Then in the dashboard mould that lay is manufactured to fiberglass.The good promoter of scale is poured among the LV-199, stir, pour methyl ethyl ketone peroxide again into, stir.At last ready resin system is poured on the fiber cloth in the mold cavity, with 2 inches hairbrush coatings evenly, known thoroughly and soak into, fiber cloth.
Entire die is put in the vacuum bag,, connect vacuum tube with the fluid sealant sealing.Starting vacuum motor begins to vacuumize.The air of taking seriously press reach-during 0.1MPA, begin glue more than needed to be scraped outside the mold side edge with the polyurethane rubber scraper plate.Keep vacuum, behind gel 30 minutes.Close vacuum, remove vacuum tube, put out back curing 2 hours in 60 bakers of spending then into.
Mould is taken out from baker, naturally cool to normal temperature.Remove vacuum bag, product is taken out from mould.Cutting then, finished product is sprayed paint in polishing.
Claims (4)
1. the vacuum rush gum forming method of a fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material is characterized in that: after the fibre reinforced materials cutting, press the number of plies of goods design and structure lay in mold cavity; Resin and curing agent weigh, mix, stirring is mixed with the dipping glue; The dipping glue evenly is coated in the mold cavity, and guarantees that glue soaks into reinforcing material; Mould is sent in the vacuum bag, the external interface that is connected with vacuum pipe of vacuum bag, vacuumize after the vacuum bag sealing, tightly be fitted on the reinforcing material surface that mould props up until the vacuum bag film, when treating vacuum bag air pressure less than-0.1Mpa, making sheet with flexible plane is driven on the outer edge of mold cavity cure and demold with bubble in the vacuum bag and glue more than needed.
2. according to the forming method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described reinforcing material is one or more a blended fabric of carbon fiber, glass fibre, aramid fiber.
3. according to the forming method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the used resin matrix of described dipping glue is one or several a hybrid resin of epoxy resin, vinyl ester resin or unsaturated polyester resin, and under the viscosity normal temperature of hybrid resin between 0.1-1.0Pa.s.
4. according to the forming method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described vacuum bag is the bag film of plastics or elastomeric material.
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| CN102381005B (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2014-04-09 | 上海晋飞复合材料科技有限公司 | Hand layup molding process of polymer matrix composite |
| CN102476457B (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2016-06-08 | 辽宁辽杰科技有限公司 | A kind of thermoforming method of co-woven continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic structural plate |
| CN102477161B (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-10-30 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Metamaterial substrate and its fabrication method |
| CN104816489A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-08-05 | 江阴优培德复合材料有限公司 | Manufacturing process of carbon fiber insert injection-molded composite product |
| CN107856328A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-03-30 | 南宁市迈尔斯科技有限公司 | A kind of leg guard manufacturing process and its system |
| CN108466436A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-08-31 | 上海艾郎风电科技发展（集团）有限公司 | The hand pasting forming method of hand pasting forming operation console and the outer reinforcing member of blade |
| CN109294270A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-02-01 | 甘肃巨强铁塔制造有限责任公司 | A kind of composite material in transmission line of electricity communications tower |
| CN113270512B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-05-10 | 浙江合特光电有限公司 | Flexible high-light-transmission solar composite front plate |
| CN113829643B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2023-03-31 | 广东亚太新材料科技有限公司 | Composite silica gel sealing strip and method for preparing bubble-free carbon fiber product |
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| CN101259752A (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-10 | 和成欣业股份有限公司 | Composite material forming method |
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| CN101259752A (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-10 | 和成欣业股份有限公司 | Composite material forming method |
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