CN101561197A - Throttle type pulse tube refrigerator - Google Patents
Throttle type pulse tube refrigerator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101561197A CN101561197A CNA2009100986363A CN200910098636A CN101561197A CN 101561197 A CN101561197 A CN 101561197A CN A2009100986363 A CNA2009100986363 A CN A2009100986363A CN 200910098636 A CN200910098636 A CN 200910098636A CN 101561197 A CN101561197 A CN 101561197A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- compressor
- regenerator
- sluice
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1408—Pulse-tube cycles with pulse tube having U-turn or L-turn type geometrical arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1424—Pulse tubes with basic schematic including an orifice and a reservoir
- F25B2309/14241—Pulse tubes with basic schematic including an orifice reservoir multiple inlet pulse tube
Abstract
The invention discloses a throttle type pulse tube refrigerator, which comprises a compressor, an after-stage cooler or a changeover valve, an orifice valve, a double inlet valve, an air reservoir, a regenerator, a sluice nozzle, a pulse tube, a hot-end heat exchanger and a cold head, wherein an outlet of the compressor is connected with the double inlet valve and a hot end of the regenerator respectively; a GM type pulse tube refrigerator needs to additionally arrange the changeover valve at the outlet of the compressor; a Stirling pulse tube refrigerator can additionally arrange the after-stage cooler in front of the hot end of the regenerator; the sluice nozzle and the cold head are connected between the regenerator and the pulse tube; and the air reservoir is connected with the other end of each of the hot-end heat exchanger and the double inlet valve through the orifice valve. The invention combines two basic refrigeration principles, namely throttling refrigeration and expansion refrigeration to form the novel pulse tube refrigerator, ensures that the whole thermodynamic cycle contains expansion and throttling, ensures that the refrigerator has expansion refrigeration and throttling refrigeration when the temperature of medium gas is lower than the throttling critical temperature thereof, improves the refrigeration efficiency of the refrigerator, and increases the refrigerating capacity at low temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigeration machine, relate in particular to a kind of throttle type pulse tube refrigerator.
Background technology
Traditional low-temperature refrigeration technology mainly contains adiabatic expansion and throttling expansion dual mode.Wherein adiabatic expansion is that compressed high temperature and high pressure gas level pressure is cooled to normal temperature, and its adiabatic expansion is externally done work to reduce gas internal energy, reduces temperature.The principle of throttling expansion then is according to energy conservation principle, and the throttling process enthalpy is constant, thereby gross energy is constant, and volume expansion, molecular potential increase, and makes the corresponding minimizing of molecular kinetic energy, the corresponding reduction of temperature, thus obtain low temperature.
Come across the vascular refrigerator of the sixties in last century, because it has eliminated the low-temperature end moving component, make vascular refrigerator compare with traditional G-M refrigeration machine, therefore have more the advantage of reliability, vascular refrigerator obtains more and more widely application at numerous areas such as communication, aviation, military affairs in recent years.
Traditional vascular refrigerator mainly contains two kinds of G-M type and stirling-types, its refrigeration effect is all from the adiabatic expansion of working medium, difference only is that G-M type vascular refrigerator needs transfer valve that system is switched between the high-low pressure source of the gas, the stirling-type vascular then directly uses compressor generation pressure wave promotion circulation to carry out, and produces refrigerating capacity.
The vascular refrigerator other types refrigeration machine of comparing has very high reliability and low vibration, but because the influence of factors such as regenerator matrix, heat transfer loss, heterogeneous stream, the refrigerating capacity of whole system only derives from the adiabatic expansion of Working medium gas again, the refrigerating capacity that vascular refrigerator is obtained under profound hypothermia is very little, and cost is quite high, not only so, originally also have quite a few to consume with regard to very little refrigerating capacity and leaking on the heat, this has just limited the application of vascular refrigerator in the profound hypothermia field greatly.
The simple conventional vascular refrigeration machine that relies on adiabatic expansion of comparing, another kind of refrigeration modes throttling expansion meeting increases the pressure loss of system, and very big irreversibility is arranged, but finds broad application at refrigerating field because of simple in structure, maneuverable advantage.Yet can throttling expansion freeze and depend on the positive and negative of throttling integrating effect, and having only integrating effect is to produce refrigeration on the occasion of Shi Caihui.And for guarantee integrating effect on the occasion of, throttling expansion need be satisfied following condition: temperature needs between the maximum and minimum conversion temperature of working medium before the throttling; Pressure before and after the throttling also needs to be controlled in the corresponding scope, is lower than temperature before the throttling to guarantee last current state point temperature.
And above condition can satisfy in vascular refrigerator: the throttle temperature problem can or select suitable working medium to solve by precooling, and choke pressure can be controlled by the aperture of the blowing pressure and adjusting throttle part.Throttling expansion applies to not have the obstacle that can't overcome on the Cryo Refrigerator in theory, and benefits from its simple structure and ease for operation, and Cryo Refrigerator can be not complicated, and performance then has suitable raising.
At this situation, we have proposed a kind of novel throttle type pulse tube refrigerator, and its be coupled throttling refrigeration and two kinds of refrigeration modes of swell refrigeration has added the process of two throttling refrigerations in whole working cycles, increase the refrigerating capacity under the profound hypothermia, can realize energy-conservation target.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of throttle type pulse tube refrigerator is provided.
A kind of throttle type pulse tube refrigerator comprises compressor, level aftercooler, regenerator, sluice noz(zle), cold head, vascular, hot end heat exchanger, little ports valve, air reservoir, bidirection air intake valve, compressor is connected successively with level aftercooler, regenerator, sluice noz(zle), cold head, vascular, hot end heat exchanger, little ports valve, air reservoir, and compressor outlet is connected with the hot end heat exchanger outlet through the bidirection air intake valve.
A kind of throttle type pulse tube refrigerator comprises compressor, level aftercooler, regenerator, sluice noz(zle), cold head, vascular, hot end heat exchanger, little ports valve, air reservoir, bidirection air intake valve, compressor is connected successively with level aftercooler, regenerator, cold head, sluice noz(zle), vascular, hot end heat exchanger, little ports valve, air reservoir, and compressor outlet is connected with the hot end heat exchanger outlet through the bidirection air intake valve.
A kind of throttle type pulse tube refrigerator comprises compressor, transfer valve, regenerator, sluice noz(zle), cold head, vascular, hot end heat exchanger, little ports valve, air reservoir, bidirection air intake valve, compressor is connected successively with transfer valve, regenerator, sluice noz(zle), cold head, vascular, hot end heat exchanger, little ports valve, air reservoir, and compressor outlet is connected with the hot end heat exchanger outlet through the bidirection air intake valve.
A kind of throttle type pulse tube refrigerator comprises compressor, transfer valve, regenerator, sluice noz(zle), cold head, vascular, hot end heat exchanger, little ports valve, air reservoir, bidirection air intake valve, compressor is connected successively with transfer valve, regenerator, cold head, sluice noz(zle), vascular, hot end heat exchanger, little ports valve, air reservoir, and compressor outlet is connected with the hot end heat exchanger outlet through the bidirection air intake valve.
Wherein above-described sluice noz(zle) is the adjustable choke valve of aperture.
The operation principle that the invention enables whole refrigeration machine has merged throttling refrigeration again except adiabatic expansion, be the vascular refrigerator that has throttle effect that is different from the conventional vascular refrigeration machine.When temperature was lower than its throttling critical-temperature after the Working medium gas of vascular refrigerator operation is flowed through regenerator, Working medium gas can cause throttle effect when flowing through sluice noz(zle), thereby obtained refrigerating capacity.In the whole circulation, Working medium gas is through regenerator throttle effect once when entering vascular, when returning regenerator, vascular can cause throttle effect once more again again, twice throttling all can produce a part of refrigerating capacity, thereby total refrigerating capacity conventional vascular refrigeration machine of comparing increases to some extent, improve the efficient of refrigeration, also reached energy-conservation effect.
In order to verify the feasibility of throttle type pulse tube refrigerator, utilize professional cryogenic system design software sage to set up the refrigeration machine model, the analog computation of the line number of going forward side by side value.Draw at last, when the sluice noz(zle) aperture reached 50%, the refrigerating capacity of whole system reached maximum, compared with common vascular refrigerator, and refrigerating capacity has improved 2.4W during 80K, and COP has improved 2.04%.And the sluice noz(zle) aperture was reduced to 50% o'clock from 100%, all was forward to the contribution of refrigerating capacity and COP.Therefore throttle type pulse tube refrigerator also is feasible from conclusion of numerical simulation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) throttle-type Stirling vascular refrigerator I type structural representation that to be sluice noz(zle) directly link to each other with regenerator;
Fig. 1 (b) throttle-type Stirling vascular refrigerator II type structural representation that to be sluice noz(zle) directly link to each other with the vascular cold junction;
Fig. 2 (a) throttle-type G-M vascular refrigerator I type structural representation that to be sluice noz(zle) directly link to each other with regenerator;
Fig. 2 (b) throttle-type G-M vascular refrigerator II type structural representation that to be sluice noz(zle) directly link to each other with the vascular cold junction;
Among the figure: compressor 1, level aftercooler 2, regenerator 3, sluice noz(zle) 4, cold head 5, vascular 6, hot end heat exchanger 7, aperture valve 8, air reservoir 9, bidirection air intake valve 10, transfer valve 11.
The specific embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1 (a), sluice noz(zle) comprises compressor 1, level aftercooler 2, regenerator 3, sluice noz(zle) 4, cold head 5, vascular 6, hot end heat exchanger 7, aperture valve 8, air reservoir 9, bidirection air intake valve 10 with the throttle-type Stirling vascular refrigerator I type that regenerator directly links to each other, compressor 1 is connected successively with level aftercooler 2, regenerator 3, sluice noz(zle) 4, cold head 5, vascular 6, hot end heat exchanger 7, aperture valve 8, air reservoir 9, and compressor outlet is connected with the hot end heat exchanger outlet through bidirection air intake valve 10.Described sluice noz(zle) 4 is the adjustable choke valve of aperture.
Shown in Fig. 1 (b), sluice noz(zle) comprises compressor 1, level aftercooler 2, regenerator 3, sluice noz(zle) 4, cold head 5, vascular 6, hot end heat exchanger 7, aperture valve 8, air reservoir 9, bidirection air intake valve 10 with the throttle-type Stirling vascular refrigerator II type that the vascular cold junction directly links to each other, compressor 1 is connected successively with level aftercooler 2, regenerator 3, cold head 5, sluice noz(zle) 4, vascular 6, hot end heat exchanger 7, aperture valve 8, air reservoir 9, and compressor outlet is connected with the hot end heat exchanger outlet through bidirection air intake valve 10.Described sluice noz(zle) 4 is the adjustable choke valve of aperture.
Shown in Fig. 2 (a), sluice noz(zle) comprises compressor 1, transfer valve 11, regenerator 3, sluice noz(zle) 4, cold head 5, vascular 6, hot end heat exchanger 7, aperture valve 8, air reservoir 9, bidirection air intake valve 10 with the throttle-type G-M vascular refrigerator I type that regenerator directly links to each other, compressor 1 is connected successively with transfer valve 11, regenerator 3, sluice noz(zle) 4, cold head 5, vascular 6, hot end heat exchanger 7, aperture valve 8, air reservoir 9, and compressor outlet is connected with the hot end heat exchanger outlet through bidirection air intake valve 10.Described sluice noz(zle) 4 is the adjustable choke valve of aperture.
Shown in Fig. 2 (b), sluice noz(zle) comprises compressor 1, transfer valve 11, regenerator 3, sluice noz(zle) 4, cold head 5, vascular 6, hot end heat exchanger 7, aperture valve 8, air reservoir 9, bidirection air intake valve 10 with the throttle-type G-M vascular refrigerator II type that the vascular cold junction directly links to each other, compressor 1 is connected successively with transfer valve 11, regenerator 3, cold head 5, sluice noz(zle) 4, vascular 6, hot end heat exchanger 7, aperture valve 8, air reservoir 9, and compressor outlet is connected with the hot end heat exchanger outlet through bidirection air intake valve 10.Described sluice noz(zle) 4 is the adjustable choke valve of aperture.
When throttle-type refrigerator operation a period of time (time length is decided with the critical conversion temperature of the throttling of Working medium gas), when the Working medium gas temperature is lower than the critical conversion temperature of its throttling, the Working medium gas regenerator of flowing through enters sluice noz(zle), cause throttle effect for the first time, produce additional cold 1, be compressed after entering vascular, heat is taken away by hot end heat exchanger; The compressor starts intake stroke, Working medium gas expands in vascular, produces main cold; The sluice noz(zle) of flowing through once more when Working medium gas is sucked back by compressor causes throttle effect then once more, so produce additional cold 2. in a throttle type pulse tube refrigerator working cycles process, the general refrigeration ability that refrigeration machine produces:
General refrigeration ability=additional cold 1+ master cold+additional cold 2
This has given birth to additional cold 1 and additional cold 2 than simple vascular refrigerator fecund, has improved refrigerating capacity and the refrigerating efficiency of refrigeration machine under the profound hypothermia operating mode.
Also alternative other restricting elements of one-tenth of sluice noz(zle) on this refrigeration machine, as common choke valve, can automatically controlled aperture choke valve etc.According to different working medium and operating mode, satisfy the condition of throttling by the aperture of adjusting restricting element, make machine run well.These also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. throttle type pulse tube refrigerator, it is characterized in that comprising compressor (1), level aftercooler (2), regenerator (3), sluice noz(zle) (4), cold head (5), vascular (6), hot end heat exchanger (7), little ports valve (8), air reservoir (9), bidirection air intake valve (10), compressor (1) is connected successively with level aftercooler (2), regenerator (3), sluice noz(zle) (4), cold head (5), vascular (6), hot end heat exchanger (7), little ports valve (8), air reservoir (9), and compressor outlet is connected with the hot end heat exchanger outlet through bidirection air intake valve (10).
2. throttle type pulse tube refrigerator, it is characterized in that comprising compressor (1), level aftercooler (2), regenerator (3), sluice noz(zle) (4), cold head (5), vascular (6), hot end heat exchanger (7), little ports valve (8), air reservoir (9), bidirection air intake valve (10), compressor (1) is connected successively with level aftercooler (2), regenerator (3), cold head (5), sluice noz(zle) (4), vascular (6), hot end heat exchanger (7), little ports valve (8), air reservoir (9), and compressor outlet is connected with the hot end heat exchanger outlet through bidirection air intake valve (10).
3. throttle type pulse tube refrigerator, it is characterized in that comprising compressor (1), transfer valve (11), regenerator (3), sluice noz(zle) (4), cold head (5), vascular (6), hot end heat exchanger (7), little ports valve (8), air reservoir (9), bidirection air intake valve (10), compressor (1) is connected successively with transfer valve (11), regenerator (3), sluice noz(zle) (4), cold head (5), vascular (6), hot end heat exchanger (7), little ports valve (8), air reservoir (9), and compressor outlet is connected with the hot end heat exchanger outlet through bidirection air intake valve (10).
4. throttle type pulse tube refrigerator, it is characterized in that comprising compressor (1), transfer valve (11), regenerator (3), sluice noz(zle) (4), cold head (5), vascular (6), hot end heat exchanger (7), little ports valve (8), air reservoir (9), bidirection air intake valve (10), compressor (1) is connected successively with transfer valve (11), regenerator (3), cold head (5), sluice noz(zle) (4), vascular (6), hot end heat exchanger (7), little ports valve (8), air reservoir (9), and compressor outlet is connected with the hot end heat exchanger outlet through bidirection air intake valve (10).
5. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described a kind of throttle type pulse tube refrigerators, it is characterized in that described sluice noz(zle) (4) is the adjustable choke valve of aperture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100986363A CN101561197B (en) | 2009-05-18 | 2009-05-18 | Throttle type pulse tube refrigerator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100986363A CN101561197B (en) | 2009-05-18 | 2009-05-18 | Throttle type pulse tube refrigerator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101561197A true CN101561197A (en) | 2009-10-21 |
| CN101561197B CN101561197B (en) | 2010-09-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2009100986363A Expired - Fee Related CN101561197B (en) | 2009-05-18 | 2009-05-18 | Throttle type pulse tube refrigerator |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102147164A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-08-10 | 浙江大学 | High-efficiency vas refrigerating machine |
| CN103206802A (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2013-07-17 | 朱绍伟 | Pulse tube expansion machine |
| CN104764236A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-08 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Pulse tube refrigerator |
| CN112816076A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-18 | 武汉高芯科技有限公司 | Throttling refrigeration infrared detector capable of realizing coke temperature adjustment |
| CN115127248A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-30 | 武汉高芯科技有限公司 | Method and system for reducing refrigerating temperature of throttling refrigerator |
-
2009
- 2009-05-18 CN CN2009100986363A patent/CN101561197B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102147164A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-08-10 | 浙江大学 | High-efficiency vas refrigerating machine |
| CN103206802A (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2013-07-17 | 朱绍伟 | Pulse tube expansion machine |
| CN103206802B (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2018-03-27 | 朱绍伟 | A kind of pulse tube expander |
| CN104764236A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-08 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Pulse tube refrigerator |
| US20150192331A1 (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-09 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Pulse tube refrigerator |
| JP2015129592A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-16 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | pulse tube refrigerator |
| CN112816076A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-18 | 武汉高芯科技有限公司 | Throttling refrigeration infrared detector capable of realizing coke temperature adjustment |
| CN115127248A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-30 | 武汉高芯科技有限公司 | Method and system for reducing refrigerating temperature of throttling refrigerator |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101561197B (en) | 2010-09-08 |
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Inventor after: Fang Kai Inventor after: Qiu Limin Inventor after: Sun Jiuce Inventor after: Gan Zhihua Inventor after: Sun Daming Inventor before: Wang Kai Inventor before: Qiu Limin Inventor before: Gan Zhihua Inventor before: Sun Daming Inventor before: Li Zhuopei |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: WANG KAI QIU LIMIN GAN ZHIHUA SUN DAMING LI ZHUOPEI TO: FANG KAI QIU LIMINSUN JIUCE GAN ZHIHUA SUN DAMING |
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