CN101560864B - Photovoltaic vacuum window and production method thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic vacuum window and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101560864B CN101560864B CN200810091734XA CN200810091734A CN101560864B CN 101560864 B CN101560864 B CN 101560864B CN 200810091734X A CN200810091734X A CN 200810091734XA CN 200810091734 A CN200810091734 A CN 200810091734A CN 101560864 B CN101560864 B CN 101560864B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/249—Glazing, e.g. vacuum glazing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/22—Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing
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- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic vacuum window and a production method thereof. The photovoltaic vacuum window comprises a photovoltaic moulding board comprising a first glass plate, a second glass plate and vacuum seals, wherein the first glass plate is used as the surface of one side of the photovoltaic moulding board, the second glass plate faces the first glass plate, a space is formed between the first glass plate and the second glass plate, and the vacuum seals are continuously formed on the marginal areas between the first glass plate and the second glass plate and enable the first glass plate and the second glass plate to be connected with each other along the marginal areas so that the space between the first glass plate and the second glass plate can be the sealed space which maintains the vacuum state, wherein the vacuum seals are formed by the process of laser glass welding, and the process of laser glass welding includes the steps: laser beams are focused on the tightly pressed marginal areas of the first glass plate and the second glass plate so as to weld the marginal areas. The photovoltaic vacuum window produced by the method is applicable to the Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy photovoltaic building element, be specifically related to photovoltaic vacuum window and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Solar energy power generating is to obtain to help one of important channel of the regenerative resource of environment.Because people are to the increase of cleaning, safe, sustainable and reliable energy demand, photovoltaic (PV) system is enlarging its market aspect the energy and industrial technology exploitation rapidly.Thin-film solar cells is being represented the development trend of photovoltaic technology.Solar cell (photovoltaic or photoelectric device) based on hydrogenated silicon film by utilizing has low cost, is convenient to large tracts of land and makes advantages such as integrated.Photovoltaic module can be replaced some building units, the extra charge of so just can partial offset photovoltaic apparatus being installed on building wall, roof and window.BIPV (Building Integrated PV) (BIPV) also makes people use the electric energy that can be independent of electrical network easily.
Amorphous silicon hydride (a-Si) film, and the relevant hydrogenated silicon film by utilizing alloy that comprises nano-silicon with various luminous energy band gap, be fit to make the light absorbing material of the set thickness of various differences, become a ripe relatively branch that commercially produces photovoltaic template (module).The thin film silicon photoelectric device cost of raw material is low, area coverage is big, profitable, especially it is easy to and the building materials as window, roof, metope combine, and does not need extra soil, is fit to city and densely populated area.Because its optical band gap is wide relatively, non-crystalline silicon is particularly suitable for making the BIPV product of part printing opacity, and the transparency of this photovoltaic can be controlled by manufacturing process.Such as, in a photovoltaic device with p-i-n structure, by regulating the thickness of thin film silicon i layer, its optical transparency can be changed.Here " i " is meant non-doping, active light absorbing zone (" intrinsic " layer).The effect of these amorphous silicon semiconductor layers is that luminous energy is changed into electric energy (opto-electronic conversion).Another method of making the thin film silicon BIPV template of partially transparent is, with laser technology silicon thin film and electrode film are removed (laser film-engraving selectively from the opaque photovoltaic plate of script, laser scribe), light can see through the zone of being crossed by laser treatment like this.Therefore, the transparency of photovoltaic panel is just decided by " open area " that no longer produce photoelectric energy.Building photovoltaic glass window or " skylight " of translucent or partially transparent also can allow the photochromic inside that enters selectively, thereby have strengthened the aesthstic attractive force of building.
When making the BIPV module, glass is a kind of popular selection, because glass is the main material of window, and its stable chemical performance, durable, and and the procedure and the applied environment compatibility of non-crystalline silicon/nano-silicon photovoltaic template.BIPV must stand the test of various weather conditions for a long time.Therefore, the non-crystalline silicon of glass system/nano-silicon BIPV product gets most of the attention because of the double effects that it has electric organ and building block.In glass manufacture-illegal crystal silicon BIPV device; typical structure comprises a glass substrate, the preceding electrode of a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) film system, a plurality of dissimilar amorphous silicon membrane (the normally all layers of p-i-n), another transparent conductive oxide (as zinc oxide) thin layer, also has a metal film to collect as rear electrode usually and transmits photoelectric current.These retes make up by sealed binder with other one deck glass again, these all films are clipped between the layer glass sheet are protected, thereby have the premium properties that the various weather natural forces of opposing are invaded and harassed.This life of product is long, and weather proof has enough mechanical strengths.
No matter be which kind of building, making skin with window all is least insulate (thermal insulation).It causes a large amount of heat to run off in winter, but allows indoor acquisition more heat in summer.Therefore, for strengthening energy utilization efficiency, reducing the purpose of energy loss with the protection environment, glass window will suppress the transmission of energy from one side to another side.Recent years, the low emissivity glass window is more and more welcome, and this glass window can reduce heat transmission relevant with radiation between internal layer and the skin, can be used for building or other enclosed construction, as automobile etc.Double window (being commonly called as ' medi-empty glass window ') also becomes more and more popular, and is separated by the air gap or inert gas (as argon gas) between this window layer glass.Double window can strengthen the R value of structure.The R value is the measurement unit of the capacity of heat transmission of a constructional materials and element.The R value is high more, and inhibition exchange heat (thermal insulation) ability of material is strong more, can reduce energy loss more.The low emissivity glass window comprises a framework usually, this framework one deck low emissivity glass and in addition one deck simple glass (without plated film) be fixed up, one section the air gap is arranged between the layer glass.The R value of this double window can be up to 20-25, and the glass window R value of common individual layer is about 10.When a slice in two sheet glass was solar panel (photovoltaic template), this double-layer glass structure can also generate electricity under solar radiation not only because of its high R value more heat insulation (energy-conservation) simultaneously.The R value of this window can be near 30.
Say in principle, just can obtain the highest window of R value making (be pumped into and keep) vacuum between the layer glass.Because the pyroconductivity of vacuum is minimum, the interchange of heat of generation is minimum.We combine the technology of photovoltaic glass window and two novelties of vacuum heat-insulation in another invention, can further be increased to 45 to the R value of glass window.This photovoltaic vacuum glass window has been done explaination in Fig. 1, wherein the outside of window is a photovoltaic template 3, and film photovoltaic architecture-integral template preferably is as based on photovoltaic template of non-crystalline silicon and/or nano-silicon etc.This is because the film photovoltaic template deposits very evenly on glass substrate, more than the crystalline silicon template nature of being pieced together by single battery more attractive in appearance.The structure of film photovoltaic template of making different light transmittances as required is very simple.Photovoltaic template 3 comprises: the outer glass plate 1 of one deck; A plurality of depositions or be attached to photovoltaic cell 8 on the glass plate 1, this photovoltaic cell comprises photoelectric conversion semiconductor layer and conductive electrode; Also has a back cover glass sheet 11.Photovoltaic template 3 is partially transparents, and as Clairvoyant type, preferably light transmittance is greater than 5%.Photovoltaic glass window itself is by making through improved low emissivity glass, because two-layer at least transparent conductor (transparent metal oxide TCO) is arranged in the photovoltaic device usually, and the photovoltaic template is sealed with organic adhesive/sealant (as EVA) by another layer glass 11 (so-called glass cover-plate or backplate glass).This photovoltaic template 3 itself is exactly a photovoltaic element that is encapsulated by double-layer glass, and it estimates that the R value is greater than 20.Between inwall of this photovoltaic template (cover glass sheet 11) and the second layer glass plate 21 is vacuum-packed, and the distance between them is preferably in the 1-6 millimeter scope.Gap 57 between the layer glass is vacuum, and vacuum is not less than 0.1mbar (0.1 millibar, atmospheric ten thousand/), preferably is not less than 0.01mbar.Vacuum is high more good more, but its concrete numerical value is subjected to the constraint of technology and cost.In order to make glass plate sustain considerable atmospheric pressure (because window inside is vacuum rather than is filled with gas under the atmospheric pressure), a small amount of transparent glass marble 55 is distributed between photovoltaic template 3 (inwall 11) and the second layer glass 21, with mutual isolation and the resistance to compression support that glass plate is provided.Also use a vacuum seal mouth 44 in the structure, it is enough tight and solid firm that this seal is wanted, and serious situation of leaking gas can not appear in (at least in several years) in a very long time like this.The framework 33 on glass edge edge plays support and the protective effect to glass window.The design unique distinction of this glass window is that it is a kind of very energy-conservation structure that also generates energy simultaneously.The R value of novel vacuum heat-insulation BIPV (Building Integrated PV) (BIPV) glass window can surpass 50, if can also obtain higher R value when the vacuum range between the front glass increases certainly.As on structure shown in Figure 1, add other one deck glass, the centre also separates with vacuum, and then its heat-insulating property can be higher, and its basic principle is identical.Yet the cost of the glass window of this complexity will be higher.
Build above-mentioned vacuum heat-insulation glass window shown in Figure 1 and face double challenge.At first, the phenomenon that is in contact with one another because atmospheric pressure makes the layer glass distortion in order to prevent will be placed the ballotini (bead) 55 of a small amount of stealth, equably so that provide support between the glass.These ballotinis (bead) must be very firm, and thermal conductivity is low, and be fully transparent, do not influence the impression of window.In addition, maximum obstacle is, the vacuum seal mouth between the real solid reliable glass only just may obtain by making subtly under advanced person's technology and technical ability condition.Up to now, BIPV (Building Integrated PV) also is not applied to vacuum-packed double window, and first cause is exactly that the difficulty and the cost height of the manufacture craft of vacuum seal mouth can not exceed.This difficult problem has also greatly limited application and the popularization of common (non-photovoltaic) vacuum glazing in the energy saving building field.
In general, it is difficult forming vacuum seal on glass surface, particularly on the surface of two blocks of glass.Glass can be melted in flame, is perhaps connected by the mixture that adds frit or glass welding compound in stove.But the required high temperature of glass melting can damage the photovoltaic template (front glass panel) in the Clairvoyant type photovoltaic window.Owing to must protect the vacuum state in two sheet glass, so localized hyperthermia's thermal weld method can not be applied to the manufacturing of vacuum glazing.Glass also can still still need high-temperature heating process by coefficient of thermal expansion proper metal or ceramic materials sealing.In addition, make large tracts of land and seal (required) very difficulty, and do not possess economic benefit as being the large-scale vacuum window.This sealing also because volume is excessive and be not suitable for the structure of large-scale planar (as window).The mixture that the method for another kind of seal glass plate is to use senior vacuum glue and glass filler to make is with glue hardening gradually (curing) under ultraviolet irradiation.But this chemical seal structure is not fastened to the influence that can resist external environment condition, and it only is applicable to small-sized device, rather than the large scale structure resemble the window.Generally speaking, traditional makes the method for vacuum seal and is not suitable for a big and thin plane structure at glass surface, and cost is too high.A stern challenge is to find a kind of practicality and economic method to produce firm vacuum seal fast in two glass surfaces, and does not rely on the traditional heating/fusing of large-area glass.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a kind of and two sheet glass are tightly connected and makes space between it can keep the preparation method of the vacuum glazing of vacuum state for a long time.
Another object of the present invention is that a kind of glass window that has solar electrical energy generation function and good heat-insulating property simultaneously is provided.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of photovoltaic vacuum window, comprising: the photovoltaic template, it comprises first glass plate as the surface of one side; Second glass plate, it is in the face of this first glass plate, and a space is formed between this first and second glass plate; Vacuum seal, it is formed at all fringe regions between this first glass plate and this second glass plate continuously, and both are connected to each other along the edge, thereby the space between described first and second glass plates becomes seal cavity, vacuum state is kept in the sealing space, wherein, described vacuum seal forms by the laser glass welding procedure, this laser glass welding procedure comprises step: laser beam is focused on together the described fringe region of being pressed on of this first and second glass plate, thereby weld described fringe region.This photovoltaic template can be Clairvoyant type or semitransparent type.Described photovoltaic template can be unijunction amorphous silicon hydride photovoltaic template or nano-silicon photovoltaic template.
In one embodiment, be provided with colored frit mixture at described fringe region between this first and second glass plate, wherein this frit mixture can comprise the colored glass bead.In addition, can comprise metal oxide powder in this frit mixture, wherein this metal oxide powder is selected from TiO
2, SnO
2, ZnO.
In one embodiment, this photovoltaic template comprises the 3rd glass plate, and the photovoltaic cell of this photovoltaic template is encapsulated between this first and the 3rd glass plate.
In one embodiment, the distance between this first and second glass plate is the 1-6 millimeter.
In one embodiment, can be distributed with a plurality of transparent spacers between described first and second glass plates.Described a plurality of transparent spacer can be size identical glass marble or baton round.
In one embodiment, the air pressure in the described seal cavity is not higher than 1 millibar.
In one embodiment, described laser is pulse laser.Preferably, Lin Jin Laser Welding contact has the region overlapping of 15%-25%.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of method of making photovoltaic vacuum window, this photovoltaic vacuum window comprises: the photovoltaic template, and it comprises first glass plate as the surface of one side; And second glass plate, it is in the face of this first glass plate, and a space is formed between this first and second glass plate, and this method comprises: the fringe region of this first and second glass plate is forced together; The coarctate described fringe region that laser beam is focused on this first and second glass plate is to weld described fringe region, thereby vacuum seal is formed at all fringe regions between this first glass plate and this second glass plate continuously, and both are connected to each other along the edge, thereby this space between described first and second glass plates becomes seal cavity, and vacuum state is kept in the sealing space.
In an embodiment of the method for making photovoltaic vacuum window, between this first and second glass plate, be provided with colored frit mixture at described fringe region.
In an embodiment of the method for making photovoltaic vacuum window, comprise metal oxide powder in this frit mixture.
Description of drawings
In an embodiment of the method for making photovoltaic vacuum window, this metal oxide powder is selected from TiO
2, SnO
2, ZnO.
In an embodiment of the method for making photovoltaic vacuum window, this photovoltaic template comprises the 3rd glass plate, and the photovoltaic cell of this photovoltaic template is encapsulated between this first and the 3rd glass plate.
In an embodiment of the method for making photovoltaic vacuum window, also comprise a plurality of transparent spacer that is distributed between described first and second glass plates.
The specific embodiment
In an embodiment of the method for making photovoltaic vacuum window, the air pressure in the described seal cavity is not higher than 1 millibar.
In an embodiment of the method for making photovoltaic vacuum window, described laser is pulse laser.
In one embodiment, this laser beam is done one dimension or two-dimensional scan, and described photovoltaic template and described second glass plate also move with respect to this laser beam together.Described photovoltaic template and described second glass plate can be placed on the two-dimentional X-Y working platform.The speed that described photovoltaic template and described second glass plate move together can be the 3-10 cel.
Photovoltaic vacuum window provided by the invention can be realized tight vacuum seal, and can keep its vacuum state for a long time.Photovoltaic vacuum window of the present invention has good heat-insulating property when having the solar electrical energy generation function, realized high energy-conservation effect.
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 has shown the structure of the vacuum heat-insulation photovoltaic glass window of a partially transparent.
Fig. 2 has shown the laser weld setting of making vacuum seal between two glass plates.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention discloses a kind of encapsulating method of photovoltaic vacuum window of partially transparent.This photovoltaic window can be the double-deck photovoltaic window of a partially transparent, and it can comprise one and place outside thin film silicon photovoltaic template, and one places inner glass plate, and the vacuum insulation space between them.Firm lasting vacuum seal between two glass plates is by the laser glass solder technology, and at the sealed engagement place, regional ground instant melting glass is made.High-power laser beam is the Nd:YAG laser of 532 nanometer visible lights as output wavelength, is focused on the zone of making vacuum seal.Laser beam has pulse mode, and pulse frequency is 1000-60000 hertz (being 1kHz-60kHz).Each laser pulse all produces the glass pad of a part.Under a stable speed (as 5 cels), laser beam is done two dimension along the fringe region of glass plate and is moved.Alternatively, the position of laser beam is fixed, and glass plate moves (such as being placed on the two-dimentional X-Y working platform) together under laser beam, keeps the well focussed of laser in the glass capsulation zone.Powerful laser pulse has caused the instant and instant melting of the minimum area of surface layer of glass, immediately solidifies.This ' welding ' effect makes contiguous glass surface form firm binding site.Glass can directly be finished on two surfaces of glass the welding of glass.Yet when making Clairvoyant type photovoltaic vacuum window, because the existence of some insulating spaces in two glass plates, glass plate must be compacted at their edge, makes it enough closely can carry out the efficient laser welding.
A kind of glass welding method according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention is to use packing material between two sheet glass that generation is sealed.When using visible light laser, colored frit mixture is optimal selection, such as the material that contains the colored glass bead, has stronger light absorpting ability, thereby promotes the fusing of glass substance and curing once more.Packing material also should contain the extinction composition of other non-glass, with the absorption that impels laser and the local melting of glass.Particularly in the frit mixture, comprise metal oxide powder, as TiO
2, SnO
2, ZnO or the like can strengthen greatly to the absorption of infrared laser.For the frit mixture, this is a goodish characteristic, because original output wavelength of fundamental frequency Nd:YAG laser is the infrared rays of 1064 nanometers, its laser output power can be very high, makes the glass welding process of infrared laser have the advantage of low-cost high yield.Compare, the laser power of visible light relatively a little less than, it is higher to obtain and keep high-power laser cost.Another critical function of frit mixture is to make two sheet glass keep identical distance.
Narration is how in photovoltaic vacuum window shown in Figure 1 below, between back support glass plate (the cover glass plate) 11 and second layer glass 21 of the photovoltaic template 3 of partially transparent, forms a vacuum seal structure 44.The outside of the photovoltaic vacuum glass window among Fig. 1 is a photovoltaic template 3, and film photovoltaic architecture-integral template preferably is as based on photovoltaic template of non-crystalline silicon and/or nano-silicon etc.Photovoltaic template 3 comprises: the outer glass plate 1 of one deck; A plurality of depositions or be attached to photovoltaic cell 8 on the glass plate 1, this photovoltaic cell comprises photoelectric conversion semiconductor layer and conductive electrode; A back cover glass plate 11.Photovoltaic template 3 is partially transparents, and as Clairvoyant type, preferably light transmittance is greater than 5%.Between inwall of this photovoltaic template (cover glass plate 11) and the second layer glass plate 21 is vacuum-packed, and the distance between them is preferably in the 1-6 millimeter scope.Gap 57 between the layer glass is vacuum, and preferably vacuum is not less than 1mbar, more preferably is not less than 0.1mbar (0.1 millibar, atmospheric ten thousand/), preferably is not less than 0.01mbar.Vacuum is high more good more, but its concrete numerical value is subjected to the constraint of technology and cost.In order to make glass plate sustain considerable atmospheric pressure, a small amount of transparent glass marble 55 is distributed between photovoltaic template 3 (inwall 11) and the second layer glass 21, with mutual isolation and the resistance to compression support that glass plate is provided.Also use a vacuum seal mouth 44 in the structure, it is enough tight and solid firm that this seal is wanted, and serious situation of leaking gas can not appear in (at least in several years) in a very long time like this.The framework 33 on glass edge edge plays support and the protective effect to glass window.
With reference now to Fig. 2.At first, glass mixture 41 distributes along the inner surface at glass plate 11 and glass plate 21 edges uniformly.Glass mixture 41 comprises the colored bead that can absorb visible light.The structure of whole window (except the framework that added afterwards) is placed on the X-Y working platform in the vacuum chamber.Air pressure in the vacuum chamber comprises the space 57 between glass plate 11 and 21, is lower than 1 handkerchief (1par, i.e. 0.01mbar).Then with pulse mode, provide one to enter from transparency glass plate 21 outsides, and the high-power laser beam 83 that on glass mixture 41, focuses on.Here we use frequency multiplication, and wavelength is 532 nanometers, and high power, solid diode provide the Nd:YAG laser instrument of light source is example.Pulse frequency is between 1000-60000 hertz (1kHz to 60kHz).The mean power of laser beam is not less than 20 watts.When use solid diode provides the Nd:YAG fundamental frequency infrared laser of light source (wavelength is 1064 nanometers), the average output power of laser beam is not less than 40 watts.The high power radiation allows laser beam to have a bigger beam sizes, makes each laser pulse can weld bigger transparency area.
The intense radiation that is absorbed by glass mixture causes the instant and instant melting of glass mixture, and solidifying once more rapidly subsequently, makes adjacent glass surface form solid-state bond.So in the definite position that laser beam focuses on, the surface of glass plate 11 and glass plate 21 is welded or is connected together by glass mixture.
Strong, durable between two sheet glass and continuous vacuum seal, by with whole glass structure under a stabilized speed, as the 3-10 cel, move and make with respect to laser beam 83 continuously.In order to guarantee firm vacuum seal, laser beam preferably makes one dimension with respect to glass structure or two-dimentional high-velocity scanning is moved.That is to say that laser pulse edge along glass substrate on vertical with parallel direction moves.Continuous Laser Welding contact has fraction overlapping, makes independent impulse welding contact front and back link to each other, but these impulse welding contacts and incomplete or most of overlapping.For example, contiguous Laser Welding contact has the region overlapping of 15%-25%, can guarantee that like this Laser Welding contact reliably connects, and form continuous sealing.Preferred version is when laser beam is done high speed one dimension or two-dimensional scan, moves the one dimension or the two-dimentional work bench that are placed with glass structure, but must keep the accurate focus of laser beam simultaneously reliably.At last, the space 57 between glass plate 11 and glass plate 21 is comprised the vacuum sealing material sealing that is formed by mixture 41 fully.After the laser weld at all edges between the sheet glass was finished, whole window can shift out from vacuum ' welding ' chamber.The vacuum bonding agent can be applied in the edge of vacuum seal, so that further protection to be provided.
Though specifically illustrated and described the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that under situation not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make the various changes on form and the details.Therefore, it is schematically that disclosed invention will only be taken as, and only limits to the determined scope of claims.
Claims (17)
1. photovoltaic vacuum window comprises:
The photovoltaic template, it comprises first glass plate as the surface of one side;
Second glass plate, it is in the face of this first glass plate, and a space is formed between this first and second glass plate;
Vacuum seal, it is formed at all fringe regions between this first glass plate and this second glass plate continuously, and both are connected to each other along the edge, thereby the space between described first and second glass plates becomes seal cavity, vacuum state is kept in the sealing space
Wherein, described vacuum seal forms by the laser glass welding procedure, and this laser glass welding procedure comprises step: laser beam is focused on the coarctate described fringe region of this first and second glass plate, thereby weld described fringe region.
2. photovoltaic vacuum window as claimed in claim 1 wherein, is provided with colored frit mixture at described fringe region between this first and second glass plate.
3. photovoltaic vacuum window as claimed in claim 2 wherein, comprises metal oxide powder in this frit mixture.
4. photovoltaic vacuum window as claimed in claim 3, wherein, this metal oxide powder is selected from TiO
2, SnO
2, ZnO.
5. photovoltaic vacuum window as claimed in claim 1, wherein, this photovoltaic template comprises the 3rd glass plate, the photovoltaic cell of this photovoltaic template is encapsulated between this first and the 3rd glass plate.
6. photovoltaic vacuum window as claimed in claim 1 also comprises a plurality of transparent spacer that is distributed between described first and second glass plates.
7. photovoltaic vacuum window as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the air pressure in the described seal cavity is not higher than 1 millibar.
8. photovoltaic vacuum window as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described laser is pulse laser.
9. method of making photovoltaic vacuum window, this photovoltaic vacuum window comprises: the photovoltaic template, it comprises first glass plate as the surface of one side; And second glass plate, it is in the face of this first glass plate, and a space is formed between this first and second glass plate, and this method comprises:
The fringe region of this first and second glass plate is forced together;
The coarctate described fringe region that laser beam is focused on this first and second glass plate is to weld described fringe region, thereby vacuum seal is formed at all fringe regions between this first glass plate and this second glass plate continuously, and both are connected to each other along the edge, thereby this space between described first and second glass plates becomes seal cavity, and vacuum state is kept in the sealing space.
10. method as claimed in claim 9 wherein, is provided with colored frit mixture at described fringe region between this first and second glass plate.
11. method as claimed in claim 10 wherein, comprises metal oxide powder in this frit mixture.
12. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein, this metal oxide powder is selected from TiO
2, SnO
2, ZnO.
13. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, this photovoltaic template comprises the 3rd glass plate, and the photovoltaic cell of this photovoltaic template is encapsulated between this first and the 3rd glass plate.
14. method as claimed in claim 9 also comprises a plurality of transparent spacer that is distributed between described first and second glass plates.
15. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, the air pressure in the described seal cavity is not higher than 1 millibar.
16. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described laser is pulse laser.
17. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, this laser beam is done one dimension or two-dimensional scan, and described photovoltaic template and described second glass plate also move with respect to this laser beam together.
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| RU205602U1 (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-07-22 | федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский университет ИТМО" (Университет ИТМО) | Smart window module |
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| US9416581B2 (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2016-08-16 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Vacuum insulated glass (VIG) window unit including hybrid getter and making same |
| US9290984B2 (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2016-03-22 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Method of making vacuum insulated glass (VIG) window unit including activating getter |
| US9388628B2 (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2016-07-12 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Vacuum insulated glass (VIG) window unit with getter structure and method of making same |
| CN103043889A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-04-17 | 徐林波 | New laser sealing method and process for hollow and vacuum glass |
| KR102512044B1 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2023-03-20 | 코닝 인코포레이티드 | Laser welded glass packages and methods of making |
| CN106746539B (en) * | 2016-12-11 | 2020-09-08 | 海南大学 | Vacuum glass sealing method and maintenance method |
| CN112768543A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-07 | 成都中建材光电材料有限公司 | Double-glass photovoltaic module and welding method thereof |
| CN114772950B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2024-03-12 | 福耀高性能玻璃科技(福建)有限公司 | Laminated vacuum glass and preparation method and application thereof |
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| FR2809134A1 (en) * | 2000-05-17 | 2001-11-23 | Jacques Lambey | Moving frame solar energy collection having two faces with thermal/photovoltaic detector with continuous/step by step movement following suns rays. |
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