CN101555067A - 回转潜浮式曝气机 - Google Patents

回转潜浮式曝气机 Download PDF

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CN101555067A
CN101555067A CNA2008100896428A CN200810089642A CN101555067A CN 101555067 A CN101555067 A CN 101555067A CN A2008100896428 A CNA2008100896428 A CN A2008100896428A CN 200810089642 A CN200810089642 A CN 200810089642A CN 101555067 A CN101555067 A CN 101555067A
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孙树林
孙建
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种可以整机360度回转的回转潜浮式曝气机,包括:气环压缩机、风机座、不锈钢管或软管、支撑筒,其中:风机座固定于气环压缩机与支撑筒之间,其特征在于,还包括有回转装置和驱动装置,该回转装置安装在固定座上,该风机座安装在该回转装置的中间,通过驱动装置驱动回转装置旋转。该回转装置包括有回转支承,风机座固定于回转支承的内齿圈上,回转支承的外齿圈固定于固定座上,驱动装置固定于上述风机座上,同时啮合于外齿圈。通过回转装置的旋转,带动风机座旋转,从而带动整机回转,可向周围任意方向进行推流和曝气的有益效果。

Description

回转潜浮式曝气机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种适用于污水净化生物处理方法中向深水区域曝气增氧,提高污水中溶解氧含量以及溶解氧饱和度的潜浮式曝气机,尤其是一种可以整机360度回转的回转潜浮式曝气机。
背景技术
在自然界中存在着大量的微生物,它们具有氧化分解复杂的有机物和某些无机物,并将这些物质转化成简单的物质,或将有毒物质转化为无毒物质的能力。实践表明,利用微生物处理废水中的有机物,具有投资少、效率高、操作稳定,运行费用低,出水水质好,污泥沉降性能好,且可用作肥料等优点。在生物处理方法中,活性污泥法又以其基本没有臭气,处理所需时间比较短,处理效率高等特点而占有极其重要的地位,在该方法中,曝气是必不可少的,其作用是向污水中供应充足的氧,并和污水进行充分搅拌混合,使活性污泥保持悬浮状态,以便将空气中的氧有效溶解到污水中。
目前国内外常用的曝气方法有鼓风曝气法,机械搅拌法和射流曝气法等,其关键设备以离心鼓风机、罗茨鼓风机及各种表曝机为主,功率多为200千瓦和630千瓦,重量一般在3.5吨以上。从1919年起在活性污泥法中开始使用陶瓷微孔曝气器,及后来的开发使用的不同材质,不同类型的微孔曝气器,均因微孔堵塞等技术问题,影响其应用。我国自七十年代开始,引进各种类型的鼓风曝气设备,先后又研制开发了应用于较深层曝气的螺旋曝气器,散流曝气器等,但普遍存在曝气深度浅,氧的利用率偏低,布气不均匀等问题。
中国发明专利(专利号ZL99103087.7)提出了一种聚氧活化曝气增氧机(参见图6),其采用稀土永磁材料片等制成的聚氧器和向心叶轮来富集氧气。空心主导轴109和螺旋磁化桨叶120在电机101的带动下旋转,从而磁化污水并形成负压,将富氧空气压入污水中。然而该发明的电机是位于水上,由于其通过空心轴带动水下的螺旋磁化桨叶旋转的传输距离过长,致使空心轴的抗扭性降低。因此长期使用易使空心轴损坏,且因为置于水下,维修保养都很难进行。而空心轴若要保持刚性,就必须要加大其横截面的尺寸,这又会导致成本的增加。
中国发明专利申请(专利申请号:200610168196.0)提出了一种潜浮式曝气机(参见图7和8),主要由潜水空心轴电机209、推流螺旋桨210和射流叶轮211组合、密封旋转接头206、通风管204、离心风机201、风机座202和主机外罩205;风机座202位于主机外罩205上端,风机座202中心开有进气口203,离心风机201的出风口与通风管204的上端通过进气口203密封连接;通风管204的下端与密封旋转接头206上端的气体输入接口226密封连接;潜水空心轴电机209上油室法兰219与主机外罩205下端密封连接;电机的上轴伸214与密封旋转接头206下端的气体输出接口通过法兰207同轴连接;潜水空心轴电机209的下轴伸218与推流螺旋桨210和射流叶轮211组合同轴连接,并在下轴伸218开口处前端设置一个导气装置232,构成出气结构。
中国发明专利申请(专利申请号:200710165152.7)提出了一种由导气筒直接进气的潜浮式曝气机(参见图9、10和11),主要由风机座302、进气口303、潜水空心轴电机309组成;气环压缩机329通过托架334固定在所述风机座302上,所述风机座302焊接固定在导气筒335上端,所述气环压缩机329的排气口330与所述进气口303之间通过不锈钢管或软管333密封连接,所述导气筒335的下端与第一电机法兰319通过第一法兰336固定;第二电机法兰320与导流罩338通过第二法兰337固定,所述潜水空心轴电机309的下轴伸318与由螺旋桨339、喷射混流器340和碎气片341共同组成的螺旋桨总成同轴连接。其中,所述喷射混流器340由喷嘴348、一个或一个以上的喷气口349、两个或两个以上的进水孔345、抽吸管346、支撑板350、混合扩压管347和扩压口351组成;所述喷射混流器340的混合扩压管347末端有两个或两个以上的碎气片341。
由上述可知,现有技术存在下述缺点:
首先,采用中国发明专利申请(专利申请号:200610168196.0)中的潜浮式曝气机,只能向某一固定方向推流和曝气,在沟道较宽的氧化沟使用,会造成靠近沟壁的水域溶解氧量不足,形成死区。在面积较大的圆形曝气池里,需安装多台向不同方向同时推流曝气才能满足要求。
其次,采用中国发明专利申请(专利申请号:200710165152.7)中喷射混流器340的喷嘴348、抽吸管346和混合扩压管347,空气和液体的混合速度慢,时间长,需要较长的混合管来达到所需要的气水充分混合的状态,其混合扩压管347的长度通常为其截面直径的4至5倍,质量重,尺寸长,故壁面摩擦损失较高。
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题是提供一种能够向深水区域强制曝气的回转潜浮式曝气机。
为了解决上述问题,本发明回转潜浮式曝气机的技术方案为:
一种回转潜浮式曝气机,包括:气环压缩机、风机座、不锈钢管或软管、支撑筒,其中:风机座固定于气环压缩机与支撑筒之间,其特征在于,还包括有回转装置和驱动装置,该回转装置安装在固定座上,该风机座安装在该回转装置的中间,通过驱动装置驱动回转装置旋转。该回转装置包括有回转支承,风机座固定于回转支承的内齿圈上,回转支承的外齿圈固定于固定座上,驱动装置固定于上述风机座上,同时啮合于外齿圈。
上述不锈钢管或软管的另一端连接有潜水空心轴电机,该潜水空心轴电机的传动轴为空心轴,该传动轴的下轴伸与螺旋桨总成同轴连接,潜水空心轴电机通过连接架连接于支撑筒下端。
与现有技术相比,本发明回转潜浮式曝气机的有益效果为:
首先,由于采用回转支承、减速机和齿轮组合的回转装置,使得曝气机可以顺时针或逆时针方向进行360度回转,因此具有向周围任意方向进行推流和曝气的有益效果。
其次,由于采用了可承受轴向力、径向力和倾覆力矩共同作用的回转支承,使得曝气机克服运行时因螺旋桨推流所产生的反作用力对机器的倾覆力矩,因此具有使整机在回转过程中稳定运行的有益效果。
附图说明
图1为回转潜浮式曝气机整体结构示意图;
图2为回转潜浮式曝气机的回转装置示意图;
图3为回转潜浮式曝气机的俯视图;
图4a为回转潜浮式曝气机的旋转波瓣喷管的主视图;
图4b为图4a的A-A剖面图;
图5是本发明的回转装置的另一实施例的示意图;
图6为聚氧活化曝气增氧机(专利号ZL99103087.7)总体结构示意图;
图7为现有的潜浮式曝气机(专利申请号200610168196.0)整体结构示图;
图8为现有的潜浮式曝气机(专利申请号200610168196.0)中的潜水空心轴电机结构原理图;
图9为现有的由导气筒直接进气的潜浮式曝气机(专利申请号:200710165152.7)中,将潜水空心轴电机垂直安装的潜浮式曝气机整体结构示图;
图10为现有的由导气筒直接进气的潜浮式曝气机(专利申请号:200710165152.7)中,将潜水空心轴电机水平安装的潜浮式曝气机整体结构示图;
图11为现有的由导气筒直接进气的潜浮式曝气机(专利申请号:200710165152.7)中,潜浮式曝气机的喷射混流器和碎气片的剖面图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图详细说明较佳实施例。
如图1所示,一种回转潜浮式曝气机,主要由气环压缩机1、风机座2、不锈钢管或软管3、支撑筒4,以及回转装置组成。
气环压缩机1通过托架21固定在所述风机座2上,所述风机座2上开有所述进气口20;所述不锈钢管或软管3的一端与所述气环压缩机1的排气口11连接,穿过所述进气口20和所述支撑筒4内部,另一端通过同心异径管接头31与所述第一法兰641连接;该第一法兰641通过第一电机法兰631与潜水空心轴电机6连接;该潜水空心轴电机6另一端的第二电机法兰632通过第二法兰642与导流罩65连接;所述潜水空心轴电机6的传动轴62为空心轴,作为输送气体或液体的通道,所述传动轴62的下轴伸与螺旋桨总成同轴连接,该支撑筒4的上端与风机座2焊接,下端通过连接架42与所述潜水空心轴电机6连接,支撑筒4旁边设有承力拉杆43,上端连接于风机座2,下端连接于连接架42,该支撑筒4与风机座2连接的部位可设有加强筋41。
如图2、图3所示,回转装置包括回转支承52、减速机56、固定座93和桥架92;所述回转支承52由内齿圈53、外齿圈54和连接所述内齿圈和外齿圈的钢球55组成,风机座2通过第一螺栓531固定于回转支承52的内齿圈53上,所述支撑筒4穿过该内齿圈53中央,回转支承52的外齿圈54通过第二螺栓932固定于固定座93上,所述固定座93置于由槽钢制成的所述桥架92上,通过第三螺栓931将所述固定座93和所述桥架92固定,减速机56通过第四螺栓933固定于上述风机座2的边缘上,所述减速机56的传动轴57上安有所述齿轮58,所述齿轮58与所述外齿圈54上的齿啮合。
图2所示的回转装置的工作原理如下。回转支承52的内齿圈53在连接内、外齿圈的钢球55的作用下可以沿顺时针或逆时针方向回转;当减速机56的传动轴57旋转,驱动齿轮58沿着回转支承52的外齿圈54运转时,由于风机座2固定于回转支承52的内齿圈53上,且与减速机56和支撑筒4相连接,当减速机56驱动齿轮58运行时,会同时带动风机座2、支撑筒4和内齿圈53沿顺时针或逆时针方向回转。
如图4a、图4b所示,本实施例的螺旋桨总成是由螺旋桨72和旋转波瓣喷管71组成,该螺旋桨72是由桨毂和三片桨叶组成;该旋转波瓣喷管71由旋转波瓣喷嘴73、混合管74和中心锥75组成;旋转波瓣喷嘴73的上部与螺旋桨72连接,旋转波瓣喷管71与螺旋桨72在电机传动轴62带动下同步旋转。
旋转波瓣喷管71由旋转波瓣喷嘴73、混合管74和中心锥75组成;喷嘴尾部四周的薄壁被弯曲成周期波瓣72的形状,均布于喷嘴末端;在旋转波瓣喷嘴73内部有一纺锤形的中心锥75,锥体卡在波瓣喷嘴的出口,中心锥75一端在混合管74内部,另一端在波瓣喷嘴内部;在波瓣喷嘴尾部,连接一个混合管74。
旋转波瓣喷管的工作原理如下。经过气环压缩机1压缩的空气为主流,旋转波瓣喷管71周围的液体为次流。在波瓣喷嘴73的出口截面,以波瓣的轮廓线为界,主流速度有一个沿波峰向外的横向分量,次流速度则有一个沿波谷向内的横向分量,从而在波瓣的侧边形成方向互为反向的环流,这样在主流(气流)和次流(水流)之间形成横向环流,具有增强这两种流体的黏性剪切混合作用。因而,旋转波瓣喷管71的混合管74可以在较短长度内实现空气和水的充分混合。中心锥75加大了混合管74的截面比,提高了引射流量比。
本实施例的回转潜浮式曝气机,还设有电气滑环8,电气滑环8的动端固定在所述气环压缩机1上,其中心与回转支承52同心,可以使曝气机上的引线电缆自由回转,即与潜水空心轴电机6的引线电缆61、气环压缩机1的引线电缆12、减速机56的引线电缆261以及连接总电源的引线电缆81相连接。
本发明的回转潜浮式曝气机的工作原理如下。
气环压缩机将水面上的空气增压,经排气口30输出高压差的压缩空气,该压缩空气经过不锈钢管(或软管)3,流经同心异径管接头31内部,通过潜水空心轴电机6的空心传动轴62的轴孔进入水下。进入水体的空气在旋转波瓣喷管71内与进入旋转波瓣喷管71的水充分混合并喷出,形成水气混合物;经过螺旋桨72搅拌、推流,向更深更远的区域扩散,实现深水曝气。而且通过回转装置的旋转,带动风机座2旋转,从而带动整机回转,可向周围任意方向进行推流和曝气的有益效果。
另外,本发明的回转装置有另一实施例。
如图5所示,该驱动装置可以是安装在固定座93上,驱动回转装置旋转。该驱动装置由电机56’和驱动轮58’组成,回转装置的内圈53’固定于固定座93上,外圈54’固定于风机座2上,同时抵于驱动装置的驱动轮58’。电机56’通过驱动轮58’驱动轴承外圈54’旋转,从而带动风机座2以及整机回转。

Claims (12)

1、一种回转潜浮式曝气机,包括:气环压缩机(1)、风机座(2)、不锈钢管或软管(3)、支撑筒(4),其中:
风机座(2)固定于气环压缩机(1)与支撑筒(4)之间,
其特征在于,还包括有回转装置和驱动装置,该回转装置安装在固定座上,该风机座安装在该回转装置的中间,通过驱动装置驱动回转装置旋转。
2、根据权利要求1所述的回转潜浮式曝气机,其特征在于该回转装置包括有回转支承(52),风机座(2)固定于回转支承(52)的内齿圈(53)上,回转支承(52)的外齿圈(54)固定于固定座(93)上,驱动装置固定于上述风机座(2)上,同时啮合于外齿圈(54)。
3、根据权利要求2所述的回转潜浮式曝气机,其特征在于所述不锈钢管或软管(3)的另一端连接有潜水空心轴电机(6),该潜水空心轴电机(6)的传动轴(62)为空心轴,该传动轴(62)的下轴伸与螺旋桨总成同轴连接,潜水空心轴电机(6)通过连接架(42)连接于支撑筒(4)下端。
4、根据权利要求3所述的回转潜浮式曝气机,其特征在于该螺旋桨总成由螺旋桨(72)和旋转波瓣喷管(71)组成,
该螺旋桨(72)是由桨毂和三片桨叶组成;
该旋转波瓣喷管(71)由旋转波瓣喷嘴(73)、混合管(74)和中心锥(75)组成;
旋转波瓣喷嘴(73)的上部与螺旋桨(72)连接,旋转波瓣喷管(71)与螺旋桨(72)在电机传动轴(6)带动下同步旋转。
5、根据权利要求3所述的回转潜浮式曝气机,其特征在于支撑筒(66)旁边设有承力拉杆(68),上端连接于风机座(2),下端连接于连接架(69)。
6、根据权利要求2所述的回转潜浮式曝气机,其特征在于还设有电气滑环(8),电气滑环(8)的动端固定在所述气环压缩机(1)上,其中心与回转支承(52)同心,可以使曝气机上的引线电缆自由回转,即与潜水空心轴电机(6)的引线电缆(61)、气环压缩机(1)的引线电缆(12)、驱动装置的引线电缆(561)以及连接总电源的引线电缆(81)相连接。
7、根据权利要求2所述的回转潜浮式曝气机,其特征在于,固定座(93)置于由槽钢制成的桥架(92)上。
8、根据权利要求2所述的回转潜浮式曝气机,其特征在于其顶部更设有防雨罩(9),防雨罩支架(91)下端与固定座(93)连接。
9、根据权利要求2所述的回转潜浮式曝气机,其特征在于该驱动装置可以是一减速机(56),该减速机(56)的传动轴(57)上设置齿轮(58),该齿轮(58)与所述外齿圈(54)上的齿啮合。
10、根据权利要求2所述的回转潜浮式曝气机,其特征在于该支撑筒(4)与风机座(2)连接的部位可设有加强筋(41)。
11、根据权利要求1所述的回转潜浮式曝气机,其特征在于该驱动装置安装在固定座(93)上,驱动回转装置旋转。
12、根据权利要求11所述的回转潜浮式曝气机,其特征在于该驱动装置由电机(56’)和驱动轮(58’)组成,回转装置的内圈(53’)固定于固定座(93)上,外圈(54’)固定于风机座(2)上,同时抵于驱动装置的驱动轮(58’)。
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