Signal transmission system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of operation is used for signal is transferred to from transmitter the system of receiver.
And, the present invention relates to a kind of computer-readable medium.
In addition, the present invention relates to a kind of program unit.
In addition, the present invention relates to a kind of transmitter.
In addition, the present invention relates to a kind of receiver.
At last, the present invention relates to a kind of signal transmission system.
Background technology
Transfer of data is extremely important in many technical fields, comprises RFID (" radio-frequency (RF) identification ") system.A data transmission system, there are some common mode disturbances problems with the many transmission channels that are used for sending signal.A kind of signal disturbance phenomenon of this term description, this phenomenon occurs when many signal line are interfered the interference of signal in the same manner.
WO2005/011139 discloses a kind of electronic circuit that is used to reduce the digital user loop noise.In order to reduce the noise in the communication that produces on the unshielded twisted pair of metallic conductor, the active electronic circuit that is used for two to four line hybrid circuits has reduced common-mode signal, and does not rely on inductance element.Hybrid circuit comprises a balancing network, and this balancing network dynamically changes its impedance, to realize and two-wire circuit impedance balance closely.Remaining common-mode signal is eliminated.Resistor is connected to circuit, and this circuit high impedance of generation and a virtual earth, and high impedance is used for difference mode signal, and virtual earth is used for common-mode signal.
But because the influence of interference signal, common data transmission system suffers damage because of signal quality is not enough.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is and to carry out the signal transmission with enough quality.
In order to realize the purpose of above definition, provide a kind of operation to be used for signal being transferred to from transmitter the method for the system of receiver at the environment that may have interference signal, this method comprises the steps: transmitter is carried out noise elimination, the receiver transfer function of adjusting receiver is so that the output signal minimum of receiver, and the sender transfer functions that transmitter is set makes it become the inverse transformation of adjusted receiver transfer function.
In order to realize purpose of the present invention, in addition, provide a kind of computer-readable medium (as CD, DVD, the USB rod, floppy disc or hard disk), wherein storage is used at the environment that may have interference signal signal being transferred to from transmitter the computer program of receiver, when processor was carried out this computer program, this computer program was applicable to control or carries out the method with the above feature.
In order to realize purpose of the present invention, in addition, provide a kind of being used at the environment that may have interference signal signal to be transferred to the program unit of receiver from transmitter, when processor was carried out this program unit, this program unit was applicable to control or carries out the method with the above feature.
In order to realize purpose of the present invention, in addition, a kind of transmitter that is used at the environment that may have interference signal signal being transferred to from transmitter the system of receiver is provided, this transmitter comprise be used for to transmitter carry out the noise elimination unit of noise elimination and one be used for sender transfer functions with transmitter be made as the receiver transfer function inverse transformation the unit is set.
In order to realize purpose of the present invention, in addition, a kind of receiver that is used at the environment that may have interference signal signal being transferred to from transmitter the system of receiver is provided, this receiver comprises: adjustment unit, it adjusts the receiver transfer function of receiver under the transmitter noise-limited condition, so that the output signal minimum of receiver; And transmission unit, be used for adjusted receiver transfer function is sent to transmitter, so that the sender transfer functions of transmitter transmitter is set to the inverse transformation of adjusted receiver transfer function.
In order to realize purpose of the present invention, last, a kind of signal transmission system is provided, it comprises a transmitter of the present invention, this transmitter is used to transfer signals to receiver of the present invention.
According to the present invention, a kind of system that is used to calibrate communication equipment is provided, the interference signal in this system (or disturbing signal) has obtained effective inhibition.According to such system, make transmitter enter noiseless non-transmission state.Under this state, with a kind of transfer function of method adjustment receiver, to reduce the output signal that receiver is derived from interference signal in the environment as much as possible.Then, adjust transmitter in this way, making its transfer function is the inverse transformation of the transfer function of receiver basically.By doing like this, suppressed common mode disturbances, and obtained to have the transfer of data of improved common mode inhibition.Even this system's permission (for example, in differential data transmission system) when using many transmission paths also can effectively suppress the influence of the interference signal on the signal transmission line.This in interference signal not wait or different modes is coupled under the situation of different transmission path and still keeps.Should note, transmission channel can be based on wired (for example, pass through cable, as with the similar mode of usb communication), or based on radio communication (for example, the 13.56MHz frequency of use rfid system, use Bluetooth system according to corresponding wireless data transmission protocols, use infrared communication, etc.).In addition, should note, be used to suppress interference signal and can realize by computer program according to signal processing and data communication calibration that embodiments of the invention improve signal quality, or by using one or more special electronic optimization circuits to realize, computer program realizes that by software special electronic optimization circuits realizes by hardware or by the form that software unit mixes with hardware cell.
Term " transfer function " refers in particular to a kind of (mathematics filter) function, describes the output signal of signal operation unit and the ratio of input signal, especially in time-invariant system.Transfer function is described the signal operation unit to will be by the influence of the signal of signal operation cell processing.
Term " inverse transformation transfer function " refers in particular in the mode that is compensated former transfer function influence by the inverse transformation transfer function and revises transfer function.Under the situation of scalar transfer function, inverse transformation equals long-pending with the factor-1.
Term " interference signal " refers in particular to any signal that influences useful signal, and it passes through transmission channel in undesirable or unexpected mode.
Another exemplary embodiment of the inventive method of after this explaining, this embodiment is equally applicable to computer-readable medium, program unit, transmitter, receiver and signal transmission system.
Signal being transferred to the step of receiver from transmitter if this method is included in to adjust the receiver transfer function and be provided with after the sender transfer functions, then is favourable.In other words, at first, carry out the calibration phase place, wherein, adjust receiver transfer function and sender transfer functions, with of the influence of effective inhibition interference signal to data transmission link.Then, carry out data communication with suitable data transmission quality.
If this method comprises by multichannel (especially multi-line) communication signal being transferred to the step of receiver from transmitter, then is more favourable.For example, signal transmits as the mode with difference by two-wire or more multi-route transmission.In this case, interference signal is coupled in different communication paths in a different manner.Even the inhibition scheme according to the interference signal of exemplary embodiment of the present invention is so also allowing suitable transmission quality under the rugged environment.
Advantageously, this method comprises the step of adjusting the receiver transfer function by the gain and/or the phase parameter of adjustment receiver feature.Gain and phase place are two suitable (filter) parameters, can revise the influence that these two parameters suitably suppress interference signal.
Advantageously, this method also comprises the step of adjusting the receiver transfer function by a plurality of levels of adjusting receiver.For example, receiver has two input stages, and transmitter has two output stages.Then, adjust the transfer function of expression performances at different levels separately, thereby improve the accuracy of adjusting.At first, transmitter is by noise elimination, and determines the receiver transfer function by the input stage (as gain and phase place) of adjusting receiver, so that the output signal minimum.At last, sender transfer functions is set to the receiver transfer function of inverse transformation, and the beginning transfer of data.By adopting this measure, can compensate interference signals different on the transmission line, thereby especially can by two-wire or more multi-line improve transfer of data.
Advantageously, this method also comprises the steps: by adjusting a plurality of levels of transmitter sender transfer functions to be set, and makes it become the inverse transformation of a plurality of grades transfer function separately of receiver.Therefore, each state of transmitter is relevant with the level of receiver, or vice versa.By taking this measure to realize a plurality of levels of transmitter and receiver, can realize the adjustment of good transmission property.
Advantageously, this method also comprises to adjust the step of receiver transfer function according to the method for frequency.By carrying out such subtraction according to frequency, can carry out emulation to the transfer function of disturbance channel, and can be with advanced person's mode compensate for disturbances signal.In other words, can carry out the subtraction of signal in differential data transmission scheme according to frequency.Herein, frequency is meant the frequency of the data-signal that is transmitted.
After this will explain another exemplary embodiment of signal transmission system of the present invention, this embodiment also is applicable to method, computer-readable medium, program unit, the Receiver And Transmitter of invention.
If signal transmission system comprises the signal channel that is used for signal is transferred to from transmitter receiver, and comprise (independent) transfer function transmission channel, being used for adjusted receiver transfer function is transferred to transmitter from receiver, then is favourable.Signal channel is the channel of transmission data or signal.The transfer function transmission channel is that receiver is to the communication channel of transmitter transmission as the adjusted transfer function parameters on the basis of the transfer function adjustment of inverse transformation, for example by a feedback loop.Then, transmitter is adjusted its transfer function, makes it become the inverse transformation of receiver transfer function.
In addition, if transmitter and receiver is arranged in same equipment, then be favourable, transceiver for example.The RFID reader is the example of such embodiment, wherein, and initial radiofrequency signal that sends and the signal that will be transmitted of the radiofrequency signal formation by current RFID tag modulates or decay.In this case, the wired or wireless tie line between the Receiver And Transmitter is sent to transmitter with adjusted transfer function parameters from receiver in the equipment.
According to another embodiment, transmitter and receiver is the assembly of two distinct devices.In this case, one independent to be used for transfer function may be favourable or necessary from the data communication channel that transmitter is sent to receiver.Such system may comprise the ancillary equipment that is connected in computer by several USB.When signal is transferred to computer from ancillary equipment, or when computer is transferred to ancillary equipment, one in the communication object as transmitter, and another is as receiver.
The signal transmission system example comprises RFID reader, contactless chip cards reader, usb data transmission system, or the telephone signal transmission system.Be used at reader under the situation of transponder, signal transmission system can form the part of the base station of reading (for example moving/wireless) transponder.Such reader can be with the wireless radio frequency identification mark (RFID label) or the base station of working with (for example contactless) smart card.
The RFID label generally includes semiconductor chip (having integrated circuit) and high frequency antenna that mates with used working band (as 13.56MHz) of storage data.Except that the RFID label, rfid system comprises that also read/write device is (as the base station, also abbreviate " reader " as) and can make between RFID label and the read/write device (as loop antenna, unipole antenna, or dipole antenna) and carry out double-direction radio data communications system antenna.In addition, input-output apparatus (for example computer) is used to control read/write device.Known rfid system dissimilar, it is the rfid system (powered battery that battery is assisted, wherein finish back-modulation by load-modulate (RF) or backscattering (microwave) usually), active RFID system (powered battery, wherein initiatively carry out back-modulation), and passive RFID system (, wherein finishing back-modulation) by working load modulation (RF) or backscattering (microwave) with RF field power supply by the reader emission.In addition, passive activation and wherein battery through require (for example in order to transmit data) and use half initiatively (half is passive) system be available.
Smart card or chip card typically refer to be embedded in credit card-sized or even littler card in minimum safe and secret processor, as the GSM card.Smart card does not comprise battery usually, but by card reader/write device power supply, promptly by being used to control reading and/or the write device power supply of intelligent card function, read and/or write device by from the smart card read data or by data being write the function that smart card is controlled smart card.Smart card device is generally used for financial field, secure access and transportation system.Smart card generally includes the processor of high safety, its function as the card data security storage (for example name, number of the account, credit rating) that keeps data.Have only and card is inserted or be connected to read/write terminal, just can visit these data.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, calibration described above and data transmission scheme also are used to suppress the distortion (as ripple) of the voltage that the power voltage supply unit produces.By taking these measures, can avoid voltage drop or other distortion.Especially, can obtain the level and smooth effect of voltage.When detecting distorted signals, in order to adjust signal, this system can be used for amplifier.In low pass filter, can come smooth voltage by the inhibition that interference signal is carried out according to frequency.
Described hereafter embodiment and relative explaining can obviously draw aspect defined above and others of the present invention.
Description of drawings
After this will the present invention be described in more detail by the method for example.But be limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show the signal transmission system according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Explanation in the diagram is illustrative.In different diagrams, provide identical reference symbol to similar or identical unit.
Fig. 1 shows signal transmission system 100 according to an embodiment of the invention.
Signal transmission system 100 comprises transmitter apparatus 101, is used for by first data transmission channel 102 the first signal S
1Be transferred to receiver device 104 and pass through second data transmission channel 103 secondary signal S
2Be transferred to receiver device 104.Signal S
1And S
2It can be unlike signal.
Input to transmitter 101 provides input signal S
InThis input signal S
InThereby in transmitter 101, handled to produce and had the differential signal of opposite phase S
1And S
2
In this example, interference source 105 acts on signal S between data transmission link 102 and 103 transmission periods
1And S
2Interference signal S
3Expression.According to this embodiment, interference signal S
3To the first signal S
1Interference describe by transfer function A3, with expression interference signal S
3To secondary signal S
2The transfer function A4 difference of interference.
Usually, think that A3 and A4 are identical.But, under many situations, because interference signal S
3To signal S
1And S
2Influence difference, so this is the unsuitable data transmission quality that rough approximation produces.
After receiver 104 receives, handle the signal that has received once more, especially handle according to the transfer function of receiver 104, and output signal S
OutBy receiver 104 outputs.
According to embodiments of the invention, suppress interference signal S by the correlation method that after this will explain in more detail
3To signal S
1(describing) and S by A3
2The interference of (describing) by A4.
The method according to this invention is come operating system 100 by the mode of transmitter 101 at first being introduced noiseless or noise-limited condition.Under such noise-limited condition, there is not signal to send by communication channel 102 and 103 basically from transmitter 101.
Under this mode of operation, by making the output signal S of receiver 104
OutFor acceptable little or or even minimum mode adjust the receiver transfer function of receiver 104.The known corresponding optimized Algorithm of those skilled in the art.For example, gain and/or phase parameter are increased or decay, and the surveillance response.If this change has improved quality and has reduced output signal S
Out, then be acceptable, otherwise refuse it.By such iterative process, can obtain optimum transfer function.That is, when not having useful signal when transmitter 101 is sent to receiver 104, S
OutShould be " 0 " in the ideal case.
In order to make interference signal S
3Influence minimum, adjust the transfer function of receiver 104.By feedback line 106, send adjusted receiver transfer function parameters to transmitter 101.Based on these data, the sender transfer functions of transmitter 101 is adjusted into the inverse transformation of the receiver transfer function of receiver 104.Then, beginning transfer of data.By adjusting the transfer function of transmitter 101 and receiver 104, owing to suppressed the interference of interference source 105, therefore improve or optimized signal transmission quality.
In view of such analysis, transmitter 101 comprises noise elimination unit 110, is used to make transmitter 101 noise eliminations,, transmitter 101 is introduced a noiseless mode of operation that does not send signal that is.Transmitter 101 unit 120 is set, the sender transfer functions that is used for transmitter 101 is set to the inverse transformation of the receiver transfer function of previous adjusted receiver 104, so that the output signal S of receiver 104
OutMinimum.
In addition, in view of such analysis, receiver 104 comprises adjustment unit 130, is used for adjusting the receiver transfer function of receiver 104 under the state of transmitter 101 noise eliminations, so that the output signal S of receiver 104
Out Minimum.Transmission unit 140 is used for sending adjusted receiver transfer function to transmitter 101 by feedback loop 106, makes transmitter 101 its sender transfer functions be set to the inverse transformation of adjusted receiver transfer function.
Fig. 1 shows transmitter 101, and it is accommodated in the equipment different with receiver 104.In contrast, Fig. 2 shows rfid system 200 (this is a special case of wireless transmitting system), and wherein transmitter 206 and receiver 207 are accommodated in the same equipment, promptly in the RFID reader 201.
Transmitter 206 (as by sending coil) sends signal 202, then by RFID label 203 modulation signals 202, makes receiver 207 (as passing through receiving coil) detect modulation signal 204.
In order to control that the signal that undertaken by transmitter 206 sends and to receive, provide control unit (CPU for example, CPU) 205 by the signal that receiver 207 carries out.And signal is handled by CPU 205.In addition, by control unit 205, the transfer function of having adjusted at receiver 207 that will be used for suppressing interference signal is sent to transmitter 206 from receiver 207, so that the transfer function of transmitter 206 is the inverse transformation of the transfer function of receiver 207.
Hereinafter, will be by explaining with reference to figure 1 according to the scheme of the adjustment transfer function of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.At length, described scheme has been finished the symmetric of symmetrical system and has been adjusted, to suppress common mode disturbances.
In traditional system, realize symmetry by the following method.Transmitter 206 amplification input signal S
In, produce two signal S with opposite phase
1And S
2, and make it pass through 102,103 transmission of two transmission channels.At receiver 104, signal subtraction, and S as a result
OutShould with input signal S
InIdentical.
Interference source 105 is with interference signal S
3Be coupled in two transmission channels 102,103.If signal A3S
3And A4S
3Amplitude and phase place equate that all then they offset by subtracting each other in the receiver 104.These coherences can represent with Laplce (Laplace) transfer function.
The transfer function of transmitter 101: A
T (S)
The transfer function of receiver 104: A
R (S)
With interference signal S
3Be coupled in the transfer function of first transmission channel 102: A3
With interference signal S
3Be coupled in the transfer function of second transmission channel 103: A4
The signal that is coupled in two transmission channels 102,103 is as follows:
S
1(S)=1/2S
in(S)A
T(S)
S
2(S)=1/2S
in(S)A
T(S)(-1)
The signal that obtains is:
S
out(S)=(S
1(S)+A3S
3(S))A
R(S)-(S
2(S)+A4S
3(S))A
R(S)
In traditional system, think that the coupling transfer function A3 and the A4 of interference signal equates.In this case, common mode disturbances is eliminated by subtracting each other in the receiver 104.
S
out(S)=S
m(S)A
T(S)A
R(S)
In fact, the reason that common mode disturbances is offset of subtracting each other in the receiver 104 is to disturb transfer function A3 and A4 and unequal.
In order to reduce or minimise interference, can make with the following method according to embodiments of the invention.
Receiver 104 uses two input stage A
R1 (S)And A
R2 (S), and transmitter 101 uses two output stage A
T1 (S)And A
T2 (S)
The first step, transmitter 206 transfers to quiet.Therefore, receive only interference signal.Like this, adjust two input stage A
R1 (S)And A
R2 (S)Gain and phase place, make the output signal minimum.
S
out(S)=A
R1(S)A3S
3(S)-A
R2(S)A4S
3(S)=0→A
R1(S)A3=A
R2(S)A4
For the different transfer functions of compensated receiver 104, in second step, making sender transfer functions is the inverse transformation of the transfer function of receiver 104,
A
T1(S)=(A
R1(S))
-1
A
T2(S)=(A
R2(S))
-1
The 3rd step, proceed to transmit signal.Suppress common mode disturbances by different sender transfer functions and receiver transfer function.
At last, should be noted that above-mentioned embodiment explanation does not limit the present invention, and under the situation of the scope of the invention that does not break away from additional claim definition, those technology herein can be used for designing many alternate embodiments.In the claims, the reference symbol in any round parentheses is not interpreted as the restriction claim.Word " comprises " and the element outside one of claim or the specification integral body or the existence of step are not got rid of in the use of making up.The singular reference of element is not got rid of the plural reference of these elements, and vice versa.In the equipment claim, enumerate some devices, several same of may be included in software or hardware in these devices.In fact, in different and relevant mutually claim, enumerate some equipment and do not represent that the combination of these equipment can not be used for making a profit.