CN101541650A

CN101541650A - Method of storage of sequestered greenhouse gasses in deep underground reservoirs

Info

Publication number: CN101541650A
Application number: CNA2007800407980A
Authority: CN
Inventors: H·B·柯莱特
Original assignee: Terrawatt Holdings Corp
Current assignee: Terrawatt Holdings Corp
Priority date: 2006-09-01
Filing date: 2007-08-31
Publication date: 2009-09-23

Abstract

A system and method for storage of Greenhouse Gasses, in particular CO2 gasses, in an underground reservoir of rock at the shallowest depth necessary to achieve a combination of temperature and pressure sufficient to ensure that the reservoir is hydraulically sealed and isolated. Particle Jet Drilling is utilized to afford an economical process of drilling the necessary deep well bores to reach the deep rock formations. The underground reservoirs are formed through hydraulic dilation of existing joints in the rock formations.

Description

In dark underground reservoir ground, store the method for the greenhouse gases of isolating

The cross reference of related application

Present patent application requires in the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/841 of submission on September 1st, 2006, and 875 preceence also comprises the whole open of it by reference.Present patent application comprises the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/582 that submitted on June 23rd, 2004 by reference, the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/650 that on February 7th, 626,2005 submitted to, 667, and the U.S. Provisional Application No.10/581 of submission on June 1st, 2006, whole disclosures of 648.Present patent application requires the preceence of the U.S. Provisional Application 60/930,403 of submission on May 16th, 2007 also to comprise the whole open of it by reference.

Invention field

The storage of the greenhouse gases that the present invention relates to isolate (" GHG "), and more specifically, and not in the mode of restriction, relate to the boring (bore hole) that utilizes in the crystalline rock with the particle jetting drilling method and generate (creeping into) with developing dark underground reservoir.

History of related art

At present, the major part of world energy sources demand is mainly provided by for example fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural fuels.A reason is not have available economically feasible alternative energy at present.Unfortunately, as if because the generation of some GHG and other harmful agent, the use of fossil fuel causes serious environmental problem.Atmosphere can warm because of " green-house effect ", and it may cause owing to combustion of fossil fuels makes great amount of carbon dioxide be released in the atmosphere.The long-term consequence of green-house effect is the problem in dispute at present; They can comprise the thawing of polar ice sheet, and wherein resulting sea level rise and the water logging coastal cities, and the earth desertification of increasingly sharpening.Point out that as if evidence that green-house effect warms be included in over during a century in the atmosphere increase of carbon dioxide content and the weather records that shows the ascendant trend of ambient-air temperature.These facts are pointed out before we are conquered by our blowdown, consider to alleviate the needs of action now.

Set forth and explanation more at large in U.S.'s article of the science that is entitled as " keeping the plan of carbide metal in control " that some in these arguments are delivered in 2006 9 monthly magazines in August, 2006 or about in August, 2006.In that piece article of Robert H.Socolow and Stephen W.Pacala, effect and the explanation of having listed greenhouse gases obtain stablize the importance of the solution that increases as the greenhouse gases of drawing out in the period of 1956 and 2006.These research and paper wide-scale distribution in the period of 2006.Really, being entitled as of the former vice president A1Gore of the U.S. " uncomfortable truth ... the celestial body emergency situation of global warming and for it what we can do " the book about green-house effect, also express such concern and other CO about rising in the earth atmosphere be provided ₂The data of the seriousness of level.

A kind of idea of alleviating green-house effect be as the oil discarded or the underground permanent storage CO of the position the nature-gas field ₂U.S. Patent number 7,043, the such method of 920 explanations, its explanation is collected CO from burning gases ₂And compression CO ₂To deliver gas to the method for Continental Facies Stratigraphy; Such stratum comprises ocean, dark underground storage layer and pory geology composition (geological formation), discarded or partly discarded oil and natural gas stratum, Yan Dong, sulphur hole and the sulphur mound etc. that for example are used to store.

Also illustrate in underground reservoir ground and store CO ₂Idea be U.S. Patent No. 6,668,554 (' 554).' 554 disclose CO ₂Can in dark rock stratum, store the problem that tackles global warming.

Another example is in U.S. Patent No. 6,609,895 (' 895) in see that it discloses particularly CO of pumping dense phase gases ₂Method in oil or the natural fuels reservoir.' 895 also disclose to storing GHG have been pumped to reservoir or under water.

Another example is in U.S. Patent No. 6,598, sees that it discloses CO in 407 ₂Convert liquid CO to ₂Stream, CO ₂Hydrate and have the method for more highdensity water than the seawater of the degree of depth in 700-1500 rice scope at least.When the ocean depth in 700-1500 rice scope discharged, compound sank to the bottom and becomes more stable, and reduces free CO ₂The deleterious effect of gas in seawater.This method allows CO ₂Effectively and permanent storage.

Relevant idea is at U.S. Patent number 5,685,362 (' 362) in open, it discloses and has related to the method that pumping water enters the generating of Re Ganyan reservoir.At the non-peak period of electricity usage, ' 362 disclose water and can be stored in the reservoir with follow-up use, utilize the elastomeric advantage of reservoir to be generated electricity by the water that this can then reuse.

In report USDOE plan that is called GEO-SEQ since the article of science pulsation of Paul Preuss on February 1 calendar year 2001, it is devoted to isolate CO in the stratum that discarded nature-gas field, the coal bed that can not exploit and dark bittern are filled ₂

Be entitled as and " force CO in that Anna Salleh delivers from June 5 calendar year 2001 ₂Enter underground ' unsustainable ' " the science article in news in, be reported in the possibility that the underground storage of greenhouse gases is being investigated by Australian green peace organization, it has in global greenhouse gas emission the potentiality that produce notable difference.Yet he points out that also this is that the high cost that has uncertain long-term benefit is selected.

The one piece of article that can obtain on CO2e.com that M2 communication on September 17 in 2002 is delivered reports that Britain comprises the research of carbon dioxide capture and storage to the new investigation that reduces greenhouse gases.This method relates to stored-gas in discarded oil in the North Sea or gasser.This research is devoted to develop the technology of carrying out this operation, the legal issue of this operation, and financial cost.The minister Brain Wilson of Department of Energy (DOE) also represents pumping CO ₂Enter oil field and in fact can increase minable oil amount.

The appropriation language that is entitled as " JEFI: Britain's carbon catches and store integrated " that is given London's Imperial College by gongwu and Science Research Council is about creeping into special drill to store CO in the rock of porous reservoir at the 1km or the darker degree of depth ₂Research, for example the top has the sandstone etc. of the sealing layer of less permeable rock.Perhaps, also discuss in comprising the coastal waters aquifer of bittern and store CO ₂The awarded person plan research in these aquifers, store CO ₂Feasibility, the possibility that leak to take place, and to the influence of marine ecosystem.

Another is entitled as by what gongwu and Science Research Council gave University of Nottingham that " exploitation is used for CO ₂Effective adsorption technology of catching " appropriation language catch CO to find from the power plant resultant ₂The more cost effective method of gas is the research of purpose.This university is probing into solid that use made by the stabilization of polymer of the open texture CO that bottles up at present ₂Gas is so that the idea that they can be hunted down and store afterwards.This poly-mer uses and is called the formation of ' nanometer manufacturing ' technology so that poly-mer forms the purpose made pore structure.

At present, the possible position that the broad research sedimentary deposit stores as GHG because known they show porosity and penetrablility natively it be the necessary condition that stores reservoir.Yet known much about sedimentary deposit, wherein most of knowledge is about the production that can be included in oil, natural fuels and water in this stratum and catch.The permanent storage of GHG not only requires porosity and penetrablility, thereby and requires this stratum can effectively seal prevention CO ₂Or GHG is from any leakage on this stratum.This sealing is necessary; Any leakage part will make the benefit of carrying out such effort invalid.

It is generally acknowledged that the rock stratum is a fragility, mean when being subjected to the pressure of machinery or hydraulic pressure to react in the brittle fracture mode.Sedimentary deposit is no exception and be counted as brittle formation, so they are vulnerable to construct the influence of pressure, and it mechanically produces (both in the past also in the future) of tomography and fracture.These brittle rupture aspects of sedimentary deposit provide the possibility that generation is leaked and GHG oozes out from the sedimentary deposit system.This means that it is very difficult finding the sedimentary deposit with necessary porosity, penetrablility and leak proof sealing system; Place seldom has to be thought as being used for permanent CO ₂All essential aspects of the feasible reservoir that stores with GHG.In addition, because the fragility of these sedimentary deposits, tectonic force, the negative buoyancy in any future that causes by removing of oil and natural gas, perhaps by fluid inject the fracture that causes can to the condition of reservoir and especially the sealer of reservoir manufacture adverse effect.

An object of the present invention is to provide and to store a large amount of CO ₂And there is not the underground storage reservoir of sedimentary type formations latent defect.This reservoir should be positioned at and obtain the sufficient to guarantee reservoir by the temperature and pressure of the hydraulic packing combination the most shallow necessary degree of depth.

Summary of the invention

The present invention relates to can long term storage and do not have the system and method for storage GHG in the reservoir (reservoir) of underground artificial formation of the risk of leaking.More specifically, one embodiment of the present of invention relate to the use of non-rotating mechanical drilling method, and for example particle jetting creeps into etc., and to form dark boring, it provides in order to form can store a large amount of CO ₂Artificial reservoir ground and the improved access of crystalline rock that can hydraulic fracture.Preferably, the rock stratum is positioned at the temperature and pressure combination the most shallow necessary degree of depth that obtains the enough rock plasticities of sufficient to guarantee, thereby can comprise the reservoir fluid in leak free hydraulic pressure reservoir.In addition, such reservoir condition will be for as CO ₂Deng GHG postcritical fluid condition is provided, cause can injecting, spread and storing a large amount of GHG.

Many places certain location is found permeable geological stratification around in the whole world, and it is to store CO therein ₂The a kind of of the position of gas may.Be identified for CO ₂The underground reservoir ground specification of isolating, and generally have the considerably less permeable geologic position that satisfies the permanent storage specification.This is because not only certain porosity and permeability characteristics must be arranged, and must permanent leak tightness be arranged to guarantee that GHG no longer leaks into the surface and escape enters in the atmosphere around reservoir.Assessing various stratum and position at present.Most probable suitable subterranean layer, sedimentary deposit see to have provincial characteristics the most optimistically, and it makes very difficulty of their concrete suitabilities of being used to store of prediction.The result who in these stratum, stores GHG after the cost of injecting GHG for many years in possible unknowable, and this proposes great risk, it is not only from the reservoir seal leakage, even also from case the stratum that is fit to is located and tested, the degree of approach in the source that it and GHG catch can make that transporting GHG is uneconomic fact to the storage location.

One embodiment of the present of invention are provided at the most of All Ranges in the world, the obtainable CO of being used in dark crystalline rock ₂The position that stores wherein can generate leakproof artificial reservoir ground.Such stratum is typical precambrian rocks, and it can find in nearly all place in the whole world, and generally is positioned at the position darker than sedimentation layer.These dark artificial reservoir ground in crystalline rock are useful owing to several reasons.At first, these are positioned at the crystalline rock of depths because the existence of calorific effect and ground bedded joint is relative plasticity, and it can be by expansion to receive a large amount of CO ₂And do not worry CO ₂Leak into earth surface.In the dried rock experimental implementation of various heat, confirm by the reservoir that in crystalline rock, applies artificial hydraulic pressure.Another benefit of very dark well comprises the existence of the supercritical fluid conditions of GHG, thereby gives the low viscosity (LV) diffustivity to formed reservoir effectively.

Description of drawings

Can be by when combining employing with accompanying drawing, obtaining to the more comprehensively understanding of method of the present invention and device with reference to following detailed description, accompanying drawing wherein:

Fig. 1 is used at the underground storage of crystalline rock CO ₂The diagrammatic view of example system;

Fig. 2 is the in position underground storage of the crystalline rock CO that is used for having bridging plug (bridge plug) and pier coping (bridge cap) ₂The diagrammatic view of example system.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of creeping into of wellhole (well bore) in a plurality of soil systems stratum; And

Fig. 4 is the diagram of circuit of an embodiment of principle of the present invention.

Fig. 5 a is the isometric map of particle jetting drill bit assembly.

Fig. 5 b is the exploded drawings of the particle jetting drill bit assembly of Fig. 6 a.

Fig. 5 c is the axial cutaway view of the particle jetting drill bit assembly of Fig. 5 a.

Fig. 5 d is the top view of the particle jetting drill bit assembly of Fig. 6 a.

Fig. 5 e is the front elevation of the particle jetting drill bit assembly of Fig. 6 a.

Fig. 5 f is the end elevation of the particle jetting drill bit assembly of Fig. 6 a.

Fig. 6 a is the lower end of wellhole and the cross sectional drawing of particle jetting drill bit assembly, provides slurry stream to pass through drilling rod (drill pipe) and head and the part diagram by nearly head wellhole annular region.

Fig. 6 b illustrates the expected result that uses the action of side nozzle in wellhole when creeping into.

Fig. 6 c illustrates and uses side nozzle to be used to regulate the action of wellhole.

Fig. 6 d illustrates the part cutting action of the taper-cut jet stream of gushing out from the particle jetting drill bit.

The specific embodiment

Various embodiment of the present invention is referring now to accompanying drawing explanation more at large.Yet the present invention can implement with many different forms, and should not be construed as and be limited to the embodiment that sets forth here.

When using the rotating machinery drilling system, creep into dark wellhole (well bore) and proved too expensive.Therefore, the applicant proposes these dark reservoir systems and must arrive (if they are viable economically) by non-rotating mechanical drilling method.Such method that produces dark storage reservoir in crystalline rock economically is to come well bore with the particle jetting drilling method that more at large illustrates in ' 648 application of above quoting.The novelty of the inventive method is two aspects.First and main novel aspect be difficult for to take place as the hydraulic pressure of the brittle fracture of sedimentary deposit equal extent separates storage GHG in the reservoir (failure-free holds ground).This conditional request rock stratum is positioned at and will obtains the temperature and pressure combination the most shallow necessary degree of depth that sufficient to guarantee forms the necessary rock plasticity of sealed hydraulic reservoir.By the mode of example, so representational temperature is about 250 ℃ for the calc spar layer, for 300 ℃ of quartz layers, and for 500 ℃ on feldspar layer.In these high temperature and high pressures, crystalline rock has threshold plastic nature, and it makes it possible to form the hydraulic packing reservoir.In low temperature and low pressure, the rock stratum can with uncertain mode rupture and have GHG along with the time from the risk of reservoir to surface leakage.Second novel aspect relates to the method that ground well is preserved in formation.Forming reservoir under the temperature of necessity, to require wellhole usually dark more a lot of than what use conventional approach and can get out economically.Most economical drilling method is that unconventional rotating machinery drilling method such as particle jetting creep into etc.

The benefit of the inventive method is the use of non-rotating machinery drilling method, and particularly particle jetting creeps into, and the method for boring the economy of dark wellhole for permanent storage GHG is provided.The economy that non-rotating machinery creeps into allows reservoir almost forming Anywhere.Particularly, it allows reservoir to be positioned near catching the source of GHG, and it makes gas be transported to reservoir more economically.In addition, dark reservoir can hold a large amount of GHG, because callow (overburden) and the relative plasticity of rock and the risk of not leaking earthward on a large scale on every side.In addition, original position (situ) stratum (formation) temperature that is present in the formation that helps supercritical fluid conditions in the dark reservoir does not have in some more shallow sedimentary deposits.CO ₂Be issued to super critical condition in 31.1 ℃ temperature and 1059PSI.This is equivalent to 2,650 feet the potential degree of depth (potential depth).Therefore, shallow relatively sedimentary deposit is CO particularly ₂Formation reaches the condition of super critical condition.This is a metallographic examination, and the temperature and pressure that increases according to the ratio continuation of temperature and pressure to CO ₂Produce physical influence.

Compare with sedimentary type formations, be stretched over the Precambrian and the Ha Deng crystalline rock of earth mantle, generally do not have as them and be positioned at identical natural relatively porosity and the penetrablility of top sedimentary type formations under it.Because to constantly seeking of oil and natural gas, sedimentary deposit is explored widely and is studied, and these sedimentary deposits are had a large amount of understandings.Opposite, carry out few relatively creeping in these sedimentary deposit bottoms, therefore to the understanding much less of crystalline rock.The cost that rotating machinery creeps into has further been strengthened about creeping into the obtainable information relatively still less of crystalline rock with the fact that degree of depth increase forms exponential increase.In addition, crystalline rock is stone and abrasive, and its further increasing creeps into the cost that method is crept into rotating machinery on the rock stratum of these types.

Crystalline rock also is easy to suffer the brittle rupture mode when pressurized.Yet, be in heated condition if comprise the granite of crystalline rock, the change of failure mode can take place and transfer the mode of plastic collapse to from brittle fracture.Can exploit the research of carrying out from the heat of CRYSTALLINE ROCKS and determine that CRYSTALLINE ROCKS has the joint (generation when the earth's crust cool off) of natural formation for understanding, it is chemical bond as time passes.The integrated matrix (matrix) with the joint of the expansion that forms interconnection is expanded at these joints under hydraulic stress.The matrix of this dilated joints that forms recently produces artificial porosity and the penetrablility that is enough to allow fluid to enter and passes through reservoir, makes reservoir heat can be passed to the fluid of process, therefore plays H Exch.In addition, determined that crystalline rock is transformed into the state of stress fracture mode under enough temperature and pressures, it is along with the temperature increase changes to the plastic fracture mode from the brittle fracture mode gradually.This is significant owing to the condition that is in these heating, promptly can produce actv. hydraulic pressure and hold ground, and it has porosity, penetrablility and actv. and preserves terrain leak free character.Once more, by the mode of example, such representative temperature can be for 250 ℃ in calc spar, to 300 ℃ of quartzs, and in the scope for 500 ℃ of feldspars.In addition, under these conditions, GHG and CO ₂Can under supercritical fluid conditions, inject artificial reservoir ground, whereby CO ₂Has the gas stickiness that density of liquid still has the picture fluid.The GHG that is combined as injection or the CO of the degree of depth (hydrostatic head) and temperature ₂Produce supercritical fluid conditions, it allows gas to inject under the pressure of minimum also and provides maximum diffusibility in the reservoir system.

For example particle jetting creeps into non-rotating mechanical drilling method, highpowerpulse laser creeps into, the utilization of thermal spalling (thermal spallation) drilling technology or its combination, can make the cost and the degree of depth of creeping into linear, even enter hard abrasive crystalline rock in the very big degree of depth.The use of non-rotating mechanical drilling technology allows the cost actv. to creep into the crystalline rock necessary depth that arrival has the necessary feature of formation storage reservoir.These characteristics comprise porosity, penetrablility and form the enough temperature and pressures of hydraulic packing.Suppose that forming these permanent sequestration stores the necessary crystalline rock of reservoir really in discovery everywhere below ground, provides GHG and CO in contiguous position of catching the source of gas ₂The ability of isolating reservoir provides and surpasses sizable advantage of using sedimentary deposit, uses sedimentary deposit can require large-scale pipeline construction to transport gas to reservoir.

At first, overall arrangement of the present invention is shown with reference to figure 1.The order that has subsurface formations, its rude classification are sedimentary deposit and crystallization type rock stratum.General sedimentary deposit more approaches surface 17, and generally covers on the dark crystalline formations 13.Sedimentary type formations is made up of the subgroup of the layer of the rock stratum of for example shale 16, sandstone 15 and limestone 14 and their various intermediate forms.

Sleeve pipe wellhole (cased well bore) 7 is positioned at and GHG acquisition equipment 1 tight approaching place.Utilize the particle jetting drilling method 17 to creep into sleeve pipe wellhole 7 from ground, pass

sedimentary deposit

16,15 and 14 and enter Precambrian crystalline rock stratum 13, arriving acquisition is enough to provide the temperature and pressure combination from unacceptable brittle rupture mode level to the transformation of acceptable plastic collapse mode the most shallow necessary degree of depth, is commonly considered as at least 250 ℃ temperature.Wellhole 7 is loaded into sleeve pipe and reservoir 9 forms by any method, and it can provide GHG to store essential porosity and penetrablility.The method on such generation artificial reservoir ground 9 can comprise, but being not limited to fluid injects, in order to the joint that exists in the hydraulic dilatation stratum, for example employed with from high energy pulse stress fracture power underground routine or that thermonuclear explosion produces in Re Ganyan (Hot Dry Rock) reservoir production method.Artificial reservoir ground 9 is in case produce, and reservoir forms fluid can be by reducing well head and/or fluidstatic pressure and the permission elastic stress is stored in the artificial reservoir ground and produce to impel working fluid to discharge from wellhole and remove in the reservoir forming process.In addition, by reducing fluidstatic pressure, working fluid can fast transition be a low density gaseous form owing to high reservoir temperature, and overflows from wellhole.Injection head 5 is installed on the well head 6 that links to each other with wellhole pipe box 7.

Catch for example CO ₂Deng GHG device by 1 the expression.The GHG product of catching can be for example from the process of burning of coal that for example is used to generate electricity etc., perhaps from it discharges CO by electrolysis ₂The product of hydrogen.CO ₂Be transported to pump 3 by pipeline 2 collections and by pipeline 2 usefulness pipes, it is with CO ₂Be pressurized to CO ₂Inject well head injection port 5 and enter and enter crystallization reservoir 9 necessary stress levels by sleeve pipe wellhole 7, far-end 8 by well head sleeve pipe 7 by well head 6.The somewhere of GHG between the far-end 8 of well head 6 and wellhole 7 is in supercritical fluid conditions, depends on the degree of depth of fluid type, reservoir 9, the thermal drop on soil system stratum and the temperature of crystalline rock 13.

When GHG injection reservoir 9, reservoir will continue with growth period, and volume increases in time gradually.This is the injection of the additional volume of the expansion that takes place owing to the diffusion of GHG and by temperature absorption and the GHG fluid pointed out as the

volume

10,11 and 12 that reservoir enlarges.

In case Fig. 2 illustrates enough GHG and has been stored in each

reservoir

9,10,11 and at 12 o'clock, isolate reservoir and finish.When finishing, well is with the permanent bridging plug 20 that can creep into and place any combination of the concrete column 19 at permanent bridging plug 20 tops to clog.Well head covers with hole cover 18.This system that finishes is provided at the ability that for good and all and safely stores GHG in the reservoir of isolating, and determines to utilize GHG in the future and reenters wellhole and get out cement and bridging plug and obtain the ability of GHG if also provide simultaneously.Use this future can be that chemical treatment GHG becomes available end product, for example under high pressure and high temperature, with Raney nickel mixed C O ₂And H ₂Generate the Sabatier technology of methane and water, perhaps utilize the reservoir environment to produce chemical process.

When the boring generating technique of setting forth as shown here is described, following discussion is proposed for specific purpose.The PJD method that boring utilization is crept into produces.As everyone knows, it is too expensive using general rotating machinery soil system stratum drilling method to bore large diameter deep bores in precambrian rocks.The low rate that penetrates and to creep into be associated expensive with the rotating machinery of precambrian rocks be the prohibitive reason that gets into such degree of depth.The use that particle jetting creeps into (PJD) technology and method provides the method that increases transmission rate and reduce the cost that creeps on various stratum, particularly in crystalline rock.The increase of this efficient allows the formation of deep bores essential in forming underground storage reservoir.

The use of PJD method of cost that is used to be reduced in the well bore of Precambrian or Hadean stratum termination be the HDR potentiality broad development the basis and can regard GHG as to isolate broad development requisite.Especially, PJD provides economy to creep into major diameter, very dark injection and the method that is used for the production well bore of HDR production purpose.This concrete well bore geometry is used with the PJD technical tie-up, and the environment that generation is used for the optimum level operation PJD technology of the purpose of transmission rate performance is unique.

With reference now to Fig. 3,, is illustrated in the schematic diagram of creeping into wellhole in a plurality of soil systems stratum.At well head 400 places that represented by the diagram diagram of derrick, the first soil system stratum 404 is penetrated by wellhole 402.The bite type of using in this specific stratum is used for shallow well and/or the auxiliary rotating machinery of particle jetting here quoted creeps into the conventional mechanical drill bit of (PJARMD).Graphic representation is drill bit 414 in lower soil system stratum 406, and it can be identical or similar with drill bit 412, but can change according to principle of the present invention, depends on the type of the soil system structure of finding in soil system part 406.Similarly, soil system part 408 is extendible portion of wellhole 402, and drill bit 416 diagrammatically is shown, and it depends on the structure type that relates to according to principle of the invention diverse ways in soil system stratum 408.Finally, stratum 410 graphic representations of soil system are Precambrian and/or Hadean CRYSTALLINE ROCKS, bore portion shown in it divides 430 to penetrate by the hydraulic pressure drilling method that obtains in boring means 418, and it can comprise according to the PJD of principle of the present invention to be used to penetrate Precambrian or Hadean crystalline rock to feed and on the spot to put to be used for hydraulic fracture and charging and the discharging of principle according to the present invention subsequently in above explanation in that wellhole is built-in.

With reference now to Fig. 4,, the there illustrates the diagram of circuit of an embodiment of principle of the present invention.In this specific diagram of circuit, clearly set forth and illustrate the above method of explanation, wherein step 501 comprises the foundation of the drilling system of holing in accordance with the principles of the present invention.Step 503 explanation is crept into the first boring part with the PJARMD method.This method can change according to the particular type on soil system stratum shown in Figure 4.

Still with reference to figure 4, step 505 expression boring arrives Precambrian or Hadean crystalline rock, and use therein bite type can change according to principle of the present invention.Step 507 explanation passes the Precambrian with the hydraulic pressure drilling method or the Hadean crystalline rock is crept into the second lower boring part.The hydraulic fracture of step 509 explanation HDR is to produce the fracture cloud of dilated joints.Step 513 explanation stores GHG in fracture cloud.

Should pay special attention to the U.S. Provisional Patent Application sequence No.10/581 that Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 submit on June 1st, 2006 before above quote, 648 adopt with name.In 648 applications, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 contrast are Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, wherein make some and improve, and relate to the technology as mother's application of using in this application more especially.

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 discuss the structure and the operation of the head assembly that uses in further detail in PJD.This device talk out can be here in the U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.:60/930403 that is entitled as " particle jetting drilling method and device " that submitted on May 16th, 2007, the finding and be contained in this by reference of inventor named.

Fig. 5 a illustrates the isometric map of an embodiment of injector head assembly 800.Fig. 6 b illustrates the exploded drawings of the parts of injector head assembly 800 of the present invention.Injector head shell 801 holds stator casing 802, and it holds stator 803.Stator 803 is formed with along the axially extended stator passage 620 of stator external surface.Stream centering device (centralizer) and stabiliser 814 remote extension from stator 803 circles round.The bar of stator 803 has the profile 813 of depression, and it allows to fetch the instrument (not shown) and is latched on the stator module being used to and removes.Stator 803 is permanently attached on the stator casing 802.Stator casing 802 breech lock (door bolt does not illustrate) removedly arrives injector head shell 801.In stator casing 802, provide

typical port

804 and 805 to allow fluid to circulate by cooresponding typical port 806

injector head shell

801 and 807 from the inside of stator module.Nozzle 809 and nozzle retainer 808 are that the representative type nozzle is used, and maintain all by

fluid port

806 and 807 for the radially spaced fluid port of representative and in Fig. 5 b the installation site at them illustrate.

Fig. 5 c illustrates along the cross-sectional view of the section line AA of Fig. 5 d.Illustrate for the appropriate location of nozzle in injector head shell 801 of representative by nozzle 809 and nozzle retainer 808.Stator 803 and the appropriate location of stator casing 802 in injector head shell 801.Surface 814 and 810 forms first inner chamber, is used to rotatablely move to the fluid of this part by stator module.Surface 812 and 814 forms the second interior cylindrical vortex cavity, is used to rotate the stable of slurry group.The inside face of stator casing 802 forms oral pore 811, and wherein the fluid by cylindrical swirl equalization chamber flows out by egress hole 811.Egress hole 811 zones provide the centnifugal force of rotation slurry group to discharge the zone that forms the conic jet form that enlarges on straight tangent line.Fig. 5 e illustrates the lateral plan of injector head 801 and drilling rod 200.Fig. 5 f illustrates the end elevation of injector head 801.Fig. 5 d illustrates the end elevation of the injector head 801 that as seen cross section transversal AA is arranged.

Fig. 6 a illustrates the cross-sectional plane of the lower part of wellhole, and an embodiment who advances the wellbore 720 on stratum 708 by cement sheath (cementsheath) 721 bondings is shown.Show the do not have affected stratum 670 of improved borehole wall surface 871 near stratum 708.Show that borehole wall 874 is formed by the cutting action of cutting jet 630.Show nature fracture 711 contiguous improved wellholes 871.Show the part of drilling rod 200 and the cross sectional drawing of injector head assembly 800.Show to comprise the circulation that fluid 380 is crept in the pressurization of impacting grain 335, the inside of the drilling rod 200 of flowing through by stationary blade 620, wherein gives spinning movement and creeps into fluid 380 to pressurization.Show that pressurization creeps into flow through lower stator casing 802 and subsequently by the egress hole 811 among Fig. 5 c of fluid 380.In the egress hole of Fig. 5 c, pressurization is crept into fluid 380 and is formed the taper-cut jet 630 that enlarges, and its cutting action cuts formation 708 forms shaft bottom form 732.The cutting action cuts formation face 730 of circular cone jet 630 produces earth cuttings 259, and it mixes and is used for creeping into fluid slurry 255 and upwards carrying along the annular space between the interior wall 722 of the outside of injector head body 802, drilling rod 200 and borehole wall 874 and sleeve pipe 720 as returning in creeping into fluid.Comprise and impact returning of grain and earth cuttings and creep into fluid slurry 255 and only on the cross-sectional plane at a side direction upper reaches of well bore annulus, show for purpose clearly.

The taper-cut jet 630 that Fig. 6 b illustrates expansion flows into the influence of the action of reentrant ring-like fluid system 832.Comprise the stratal surface 730 of the fluid jet 630 cutting drawing 6d that impact grain 335 and transport earth cuttings 259 and enter reentrant ring-like stream 832, wherein creep into fluid, impact grain 335 and

earth cuttings

259 and 733 and continue cuts formation and form faces 832.Earth cuttings 259 and impact grain 335 circulation in ring-like stream 832 and continue cuts formation and finally be forced to leave ring-like stream 832 in well bore annulus, to circulate and handle upward to the wayside equipment of rig.

Fig. 6 c illustrates circular shaped side jet 861 and impacts borehole wall 874, and wherein borehole wall 874 improves by the injection action of impacting grain impact borehole wall.Improved borehole wall 871 forms the new borehole wall that earth formation material 872 thin layers by densification constitute.Subterranean formation zone 670 is the unaffected near well bore region on stratum 708.

Fig. 6 d illustrates natural stratum crack 711, and it seals by the action and the improved earth formation material 872 of side direction jet 861, so that the inner track in crack 711 is isolated from wellhole and the fluid 255 that creeps in wellhole 708.

Should pay special attention to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 with name, from the above employing of the U.S. Provisional Patent Application sequence number 60/930,403 of the submission on May 16th, 2007 before of reference.In 403 applications,, Fig. 5 (a-e) and Fig. 6 (a-d) contrast are changed for Fig. 5 (a-e), Fig. 6 (a-d) wherein make some, relate to the technology as mother's application of using in this application more especially.

Detailed before explanation is embodiments of the invention.Scope of the present invention should not limited by this explanation necessarily.

Claims

1. method that in underground, artificial formation, safety, the reservoir of hydraulic isolation, stores greenhouse gases, described method comprises:

Provide drilling system to be used to form boring;

Utilize described drilling system to form described boring;

Continue the formation that described boring enters the rock stratum, described rock stratum is positioned at the combination the most shallow necessary degree of depth that obtains to be enough to form the temperature and pressure of hydraulic packing reservoir;

In described rock stratum, form the artificial reservoir ground that wherein can store greenhouse gases; And

In the reservoir of described artificial formation, store described greenhouse gases.

2. the method for claim 1, wherein said drilling system comprises that rotating machinery creeps into.

3. the method for claim 1, wherein said drilling system comprises non-rotating mechanical drilling system.

4. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said non-rotating mechanical drilling system comprises the particle jetting drilling system.

5. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said non-rotating mechanical drilling system comprises the pulse laser drilling system.

6. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said non-rotating mechanical drilling system comprises the thermal spalling system.

7. the method for claim 1 wherein forms described artificial reservoir ground and comprises the described rock stratum of hydraulic fracture, and described rock stratum has the joint of a plurality of existence.

8. method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the described rock stratum of hydraulic fracture comprises the joint with the described existence of fluid expansion.

9. the method for claim 1 wherein stores described greenhouse gases and comprises:

Described greenhouse gases are injected described reservoir;

Clog described boring; And

Near-end to described boring adds hole cover.

10. method as claimed in claim 9 wherein clogs described boring and comprises drillable permanent bridging plug is inserted described boring.

11. method as claimed in claim 9 wherein clogs described boring and is included in placement concrete column in the described boring.

12. method as claimed in claim 9, and comprise and fetch the step of described greenhouse gases to use subsequently.

13. the method for claim 1, wherein said greenhouse gases are CO ₂

14. the method for claim 1, wherein said rock stratum comprises 250 ℃ temperature.

15. the method for claim 1, wherein said rock stratum comprises 300 ℃ temperature.

16. the method for claim 1, wherein said rock stratum comprise 500 ℃ and above temperature.

17. one kind is used in system underground, artificial formation, that reservoir safety, hydraulic isolation stores greenhouse gases, described system comprises:

Be applicable to the device of catching described greenhouse gases;

The reservoir that is provided with in a plurality of rock stratum, described rock stratum are positioned at and obtain the described reservoir of sufficient to guarantee by the temperature and pressure of the hydraulic packing combination the most shallow necessary degree of depth;

Well, described well has the far-end that fluidly connects with described reservoir, and near-end, and injector head is connected to described near-end; And

Pipeline, it fluidly connects the described device and the described injector head of catching described greenhouse gases that be applicable to.

18. system as claimed in claim 17, wherein said greenhouse gases are CO ₂

19. system as claimed in claim 17, wherein said well uses the rotating machinery drilling system to form.

20. system as claimed in claim 17, wherein said well uses non-rotating mechanical drilling system to form.

21. system as claimed in claim 20, wherein said non-rotating mechanical drilling system comprises the particle jetting drilling system.

22. system as claimed in claim 21, wherein said particle jetting drilling system also comprises drill bit assembly, and described drill bit assembly comprises:

The injector head shell;

Be arranged on the stator casing in the described injector head shell movably; And

Be arranged in the described stator casing and stator rigidly connected with it, described stator comprises a plurality of lip-deep stator passages that axially are arranged on described stator.

23. system as claimed in claim 21, wherein said non-rotating mechanical drilling system comprises the pulse laser drilling system.

24. system as claimed in claim 21, wherein said non-rotating mechanical drilling system comprises the thermal spalling system.

25. system as claimed in claim 17 wherein forms described artificial reservoir ground and comprises the described rock stratum of hydraulic fracture, described rock stratum has the joint of a plurality of existence.

26. system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the described rock stratum of hydraulic fracture comprises the joint with the described existence of fluid expansion.

27. system as claimed in claim 17 wherein stores described greenhouse gases and comprises:

Described greenhouse gases are injected described reservoir;

Clog described boring; And

Near-end to described boring adds hole cover.

28. system as claimed in claim 27 wherein clogs described boring and comprises drillable permanent bridging plug is inserted described boring.

29. system as claimed in claim 27 wherein clogs described boring and is included in placement concrete column in the described boring.

30. a method that stores greenhouse gases in the reservoir of the hydraulic isolation of safety, described method comprises step:

Find out the subterranean strata of the storage that is suitable for described greenhouse gases, described stratum is positioned at the temperature and pressure combination the most shallow necessary degree of depth that obtains to be enough to form hydraulic packing artificial reservoir ground;

Form wellhole, described wellhole stops in described rock stratum;

In described rock stratum, form described artificial reservoir ground; And

Described greenhouse gases are injected described artificial reservoir ground.

31. method as claimed in claim 30 wherein forms described wellhole and comprises that rotating machinery creeps into.

32. method as claimed in claim 30 wherein forms described wellhole and comprises non-rotating mechanical drilling system.

33. method as claimed in claim 32, wherein said non-rotating mechanical drilling system comprises the particle jetting drilling system.

34. method as claimed in claim 32, wherein said non-rotating mechanical drilling system comprises the thermal spalling system.

35. method as claimed in claim 30 wherein forms described artificial reservoir ground and comprises the described rock stratum of hydraulic fracture, described rock stratum has the joint of a plurality of existence.

36. method as claimed in claim 35, wherein the described rock stratum of hydraulic fracture comprises the joint with the described existence of fluid expansion.

37. method as claimed in claim 30 wherein stores described greenhouse gases and comprises:

Described greenhouse gases are injected described reservoir;

Clog described boring; And

Near-end to described boring adds hole cover.

38. method as claimed in claim 37 wherein clogs described boring and comprises drillable permanent bridging plug is inserted described boring.

39. method as claimed in claim 37 wherein clogs described boring and is included in placement concrete column in the described boring.

40. method as claimed in claim 37, and comprise and fetch the step of described greenhouse gases to use subsequently.

41. method as claimed in claim 37, wherein said greenhouse gases are CO ₂

42. one kind forms method safe, the hydraulic isolation reservoir, described method comprises:

Form wellhole;

The temperature and pressure combination the most shallow necessary degree of depth that is enough to the inner reservoir of hydraulic packing in acquisition forms described inner reservoir, and described inner reservoir fluidly links to each other with described wellhole;

By described wellhole gas is injected described inner reservoir; And

Clog described wellhole in the mode of guaranteeing described inner reservoir globality.

43. method as claimed in claim 42 wherein forms described wellhole and comprises the rotating machinery drilling system.

44. method as claimed in claim 42 wherein forms described wellhole and comprises non-rotating mechanical drilling system.

45. method as claimed in claim 44, wherein said non-rotating mechanical drilling system comprises the particle jetting drilling system.

46. method as claimed in claim 44, wherein said non-rotating mechanical drilling system comprises the pulse laser drilling system.

47. method as claimed in claim 44, wherein said non-rotating mechanical drilling system comprises the thermal spalling system.

48. method as claimed in claim 42 wherein forms described artificial reservoir ground and comprises the described rock stratum of hydraulic fracture, described rock stratum has the joint of a plurality of existence.

49. method as claimed in claim 48, wherein the described rock stratum of hydraulic fracture comprises the joint with the described existence of fluid expansion.

50. method as claimed in claim 42, wherein said gas is greenhouse gases.

51. method as claimed in claim 42, wherein said gas is CO ₂

52. method as claimed in claim 42 is wherein injected described gas and is comprised with high pressure pump and inject described gas.

53. method as claimed in claim 42 wherein clogs described boring and comprises drillable permanent bridging plug is inserted described boring.

54. method as claimed in claim 42 wherein clogs described boring and is included in placement concrete column in the described boring.

55. method as claimed in claim 42, and also comprise and fetch the step of described greenhouse gases to use subsequently.