CN101532934B - Method for testing accelerating and loading of main drive wheel type pavement materials and device - Google Patents
Method for testing accelerating and loading of main drive wheel type pavement materials and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101532934B CN101532934B CN2009100388270A CN200910038827A CN101532934B CN 101532934 B CN101532934 B CN 101532934B CN 2009100388270 A CN2009100388270 A CN 2009100388270A CN 200910038827 A CN200910038827 A CN 200910038827A CN 101532934 B CN101532934 B CN 101532934B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing accelerating and loading of main drive wheel type pavement materials and a device thereof. The device comprises a control console, a PLC control box, an electronic box, a hydraulic device, a motor, a brake, a driving chain and chain wheel, a drive wheel, a driven wheel, a water bath tank, a circulated air inlet duct, a thermostatic chamber, a test cabinet and a circulated air outlet duct; the control console is positioned on the outside of the test cabinet; the hydraulic device is connected with the driven wheel; the motor is connected with the drive wheel via the driving chain and chain wheel; the drive wheel is fixed on a bracket; the driven wheel is positioned in a guide slot; the water bath tank is arranged right below the driven wheel; a ranging laser is positioned on one side of the driven wheel; one end of the drive wheel is provided with a microphone and the bottom thereof is provided with a torque sensor; the contact surface of the drive wheel and a test piece is provided with a pressure sensor; two tachometers are fixed on the bracket and are respectively positioned on the outsides of the drive wheel and the driven wheel. The device has simple structure, low prices, flexible use and good reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for testing accelerating and loading of main drive wheel type pavement materials and device, belong to the material test field.
Background technology
Wheel load mainly contains the mode of action of bituminous pavement: pass to the road surface pressure at right angle through wheel, cause the road surface to produce permanent strain or rut; Owing to braking, speed change, turn to and overcome advancing various resistance road pavement and apply horizontal force, make the road surface produce shear failure such as passing distortion, surface of aggregate is caused the decline of the surperficial cling property of asphalt mat by polishing gradually; Owing to impulsive force and the vibration force that the road surface is uneven, the vibration of automobile bumpiness and automobile parts puts on the road surface, follow the rubbing action on tire and road surface, make a noise; Owing to forming the pull of vacuum that temporary transient vacuum produces between wheel rear and the road surface,, cause the road surface that the damage by water evil takes place because flowing pressure is produced in the existence of rainwater.
Be used for indoor ground surface material acceleration loading test device and mainly contain the wheel tracking test appearance at present; Its purposes is more single; In its evolution, be representative with Britain and Japan, utilize the solid wheel of diameter 200mm that the plate test specimen of 300mm * 3000mm * 50mm is done the cyclic reverse loading road test; With Britain is representative, and the solid wheel that utilizes diameter 20cm carries out the cyclic reverse loading road test to the right cylinder test specimen of diameter 195～205mm that get at the scene; With French LCPC and Australian ARRB is representative, and the employing diameter is that the aeration test wheel of 400mm or 380mm is done the cyclic reverse loading road test to the beam test specimen; And be the asphalt concrete pavement analyser (APA) of representative with the Georgia State, USA.The experimental wheel of above-mentioned all kinds of wheel tracking test appearance all belongs to pull-type, self can not driven in rotation, can only apply vertical power to test specimen, and can not apply horizontal force, be not inconsistent with actual road surface force-bearing situation, can't estimate the function of surface on road surface.Wang Suiyuan; Xiong Feng, Tan Wei. rut appearance state-of-art summary. the highway communication technology, 2007 (3): 32-35. passes through the analysis to the type and the characteristics of various rut appearance; The developing direction that proposes the rut appearance should be the adjustability of wheel travel speed, load and wheel load size; Xie Junwei has proposed to improve and perfect measure with regard to China's wheel tracking test instrument and test method, regulates, increases the loading wheel and load number of times etc. like control die trial vertical displacement, pressure, in addition; Load mode is also influential to test findings; Li Zhi, Wu Wenliang, Wang Mingyu etc. utilize digital image processing techniques respectively, obtain the arrangement regulation that compound gathers materials behind the rolling, explain that simultaneously different loading modes may produce different influences to test findings.
For pavement skid resistance condition, domestic friction factor and the construction depth that generally adopts portable pendulum tester and manual sand patch method to measure the road surface, these two kinds of method human factor influences are bigger; Time-consuming taking a lot of work; Detection also is absolutely unsafe during open to traffic, and SF is limited, and its test result representativeness is on the low side.Monocycly, dicycly cornering ratio test macro are abroad arranged, because the complicacy of method of testing and the restriction that receives conditions such as load pressure, equipment price is expensive, and its application has significant limitation; Also has dynamic rotary friction factor tester; Like the Dynamic Friction Tester of Japan, the rubber for tire frictional testing machine of Jilin University's exploitation etc. are easy and simple to handle, the test result good stability; But because employing is block rubber, applicability receives bigger restriction.During site test detects; The Grip Tester friction coefficient instrument that Scotland Findlay Irvine company produces adopts tire as driving wheel and testing wheel; The anti-skid test method E274 of U.S. AASHTO and American Society for Tests and Materials (ASTM) all adopts the full size tire to test, and takes into full account correlative factors such as road surface humidity, travel speed, temperature, tyre type.These achievements are that indoor reasonable mensuration asphalt cling property provides good reference.
For noise, in-site measurement and indoor measurement are arranged.The in-site measurement method has two kinds, and the one, the far field method has specified in more detail in the handbook of IS0 standard 11819-1 and FHWA, and the 2nd, the near field method has write iso standard 11819-2.In the above-mentioned noise measurement method, the far field is comparatively consuming time through method, and test receives the influence of different automobile types easily; And it is strict to environmental requirement; Must be straight such as the road surface, the speed of a motor vehicle must be consistent relatively, vehicle must be single through and also should isolation or the like preferably be arranged with other traffic noises.The near field method can receive vehicle transmission and aerodynamic influence inevitably, and the same influence that can receive other traffic noises with the far field method; Indoor measurement mainly based on the principle of sound wave absorption, utilizes the noise absorption character of impedance tube or standing wave method evaluating material, is used for confirming the flat characteristic of ground surface material.The impedance tube method has had two standard ISO 10534-2:1998 and ASTM E1050-98.Impedance tube is owned by France in indirect measurement method, and test result receives the influence of incident wave frequency bigger, is difficult to accurately control probe temperature.Another potential problem is how to limit sound only to propagate through the surface of porous, to avoid energy loss.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the shortcomings and deficiencies that prior art exists, provide a kind of simple in structure, cheap, use flexibly, the method for testing accelerating and loading of main drive wheel type pavement materials and the device of good reliability.
The object of the invention can be achieved through adopting following technical scheme:
A kind of main drive wheel type pavement materials quickens loading test device; Comprise operation bench, PLC control box, electronic box, hydraulic means, motor, detent, driving-chain and sprocket wheel, driving wheel, engaged wheel, sea water bath, recirculating air intake stack, constant temperature enclosure, experiment cabinet and recirculating air wind pipe; Said operation bench is positioned at the experiment cabinet outside, and said driving wheel, engaged wheel and sea water bath place in the constant temperature enclosure of experiment cabinet; Hydraulic means links to each other with engaged wheel, and motor links to each other with driving wheel through driving-chain and sprocket wheel, and driving wheel is fixed on the support, is positioned at directly over the engaged wheel, is provided with test specimen between driving wheel and the engaged wheel; The wheel shaft of engaged wheel places and can make in its guide groove that moves up and down, sea water bath be arranged at engaged wheel under; Laser range finder is positioned at a side of engaged wheel; One side of said driving wheel is provided with microphone, and its bottom is provided with torque sensor, and the surface of contact of itself and test specimen is provided with pressure transducer, and two velocity gauges are fixed on the support, and lay respectively at the outside of driving wheel and engaged wheel; Detent is connected with driving wheel; Said recirculating air intake stack and recirculating air wind pipe place in the constant temperature enclosure;
Said operation bench comprises temperature control panel, Motor Control panel, electronic box panel, hydrostatic control panel, detent control panel, rut registering instrument, sound intensity display, moment registering instrument, PLC panel, pressure display instrument and wheel speed table; Said temperature control panel links to each other with the constant temperature enclosure of PID temperature control system; The Motor Control panel links to each other with motor, and the hydrostatic control panel links to each other with hydraulic means through the PLC control box, and the detent control panel links to each other with detent through the PLC control box; The rut registering instrument links to each other with laser range finder; Sound intensity display links to each other with the microphone of sound intensity testing device, and wheel speed table links to each other with velocity gauge, and the moment registering instrument links to each other with torque sensor through signal changing system; Pressure display instrument links to each other with pressure transducer, and the electronic box panel links to each other with electronic box.
On the basis of the above, the wheel shaft of said engaged wheel places in the guide groove, and the axle two ends link to each other with hydraulic cylinder, and the driving wheel wheel shaft is parallel with surface level respectively with the engaged wheel axle centre, and is positioned at same perpendicular.
Said PLC control box and electronic box place in the operation bench; Hydraulic means, motor and detent place in the drive chamber of experiment cabinet; Electromagnetic type braking unitized construction is adopted in the control of motor variable ratio frequency changer, detent.
Said driving wheel, engaged wheel and sea water bath place in the constant temperature enclosure of experiment cabinet; Driving wheel adopts pneumatic tyre, and engaged wheel is annular groove shaped steel wheel.
Sound intensity testing device according to the invention is made up of microphone, amplifier, frequency overlapped-resistable filter, sampling/retainer, A/D converter, computing system and D/A transducer; Microphone will from the friction noise that produces between driving wheel and test specimen through amplifier amplify with frequency overlapped-resistable filter erasure signal aliasing after, after sampling/retainer carries out being sent to the computing system handles after data acquisition and A/D transducer are changed, be presented on the sound intensity display again through the D/A transducer.
PID temperature control system of the present invention is made up of temperature control panel, temperature sensor, transmitter, PID controller, pressure regulator and constant temperature enclosure; Temperature sensor is presented at detected temperature signal on the temperature indicator of control panel, and is sent to the temperature of the valuator comparison process rear drive pressure regulator Control Circulation blast pipe adjusting constant temperature enclosure of PID controller and control panel through transmitter.
A kind of main drive wheel type pavement materials accelerating and loading test method may further comprise the steps:
(1) bitumen mixture specimen is fixed in the engaged wheel outside surface annular groove of proving installation, the regulator solution pressure device, the slow jack-up engaged wheel of hydraulic cylinder contacts with driving wheel until test specimen, makes the pressure between driving wheel and the test specimen reach 0～1.0MPa;
(2) regulate the constant temperature enclosure temperature in the scope of room temperature～80 ℃ through temperature control system, actuating motor drives driving wheel, regulates engine speed and makes the driving wheel rotating speed in 0～300r/min scope;
(3) energized starts the sound intensity testing system, the friction noise loudness of a sound on drawings and test specimen surface; Then, open laser range finder, the rut registering instrument is started working, and the rutting deformation of record test specimen reaches 25mm and stops when circulation rolls maximum distortion; Observe the generation of test specimen slight crack, development and surface abrasion phenomenon, according to the variation and the surface particles dropping situations of test specimen gross mass before and after the test, estimate the abrasion resisting performance of test specimen, wherein, the particle that comes off is collected by bain-marie; Cushioning low-modulus material between bitumen mixture specimen and engaged wheel trench bottom; Make test specimen bottom in the process of rolling produce flexural tensile stress; Test specimen bottom deflection value when measuring difference loading number of times with displacement transducer; Obtain sag curve, and the loading number of times when take place being destroyed by test specimen is estimated the anti-fatigue performance of test specimen;
(4) behind the about 30min of device smooth working, start detent, driving wheel stops operating; Engaged wheel is slowed down under function of friction and is stopped operating gradually, in this process, measures driving wheel to the moment of friction M that bitumen mixture specimen produced, or records the rotation speed change of engaged wheel; Obtain moment of friction M by the mechanics theorem; Calculate friction force F=M/R and coefficientoffriction=F/N, R is the engaged wheel radius, and N is the normal pressure between driving wheel and the test specimen;
(5) the water-bath device is set; Engaged wheel and test specimen can be immersed in the water, the wheel tracking test that soaks, the tank temperature is controlled to be 40 ℃; Roll the circulation 4000 times after; According to the rate of peeling off=(the preceding test specimen quality of 1-test back test specimen quality/test) %, with the water stability of the rate of the peeling off Evaluation of asphalt mixture of test specimen, test specimen is all weighed under oven-dried condition.
For reaching better test effect, the present invention adopts standard asphalt compound test specimen, and specification is long 300mm * wide 300mm * thick 50mm; Driving wheel adopts the 4.00-8 tire, and diameter 415mm, rotating speed are 0～300r/min; Engaged wheel external diameter 1100mm, groove depth 100mm, width are 315mm, so that be the enough spaces of transversely deforming reservation of test specimen, rotating speed is 0～121r/min; Motor rated power 3KW, variable ratio frequency changer control; Hydraulic means pressurization scope is 0～1.0MPa, is connected with the PLC controller, the different peak value pattern can be set adjust pressure in the course of the work automatically, calibrates the CE sign automatically; Temperature range is room temperature～80 ℃ in the constant temperature enclosure, adopts advanced PID control technology, has functions such as automatic control, overtemperature detection, short-circuit detecting.
In order to make test operation convenient, be provided with side door in the side of experiment cabinet, can freely open.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
One, method of the present invention is through carrying out the simulation test of automobile and bituminous pavement effect; Can test each item indexs such as surperficial noise, friction factor, rut, fatigue resistance, wearing and tearing and damage by water evil resistivity of asphalt, for the test of this aspect provides good directive function.
Two, the present invention's long-term result of use of simulated roadway at short notice belongs to comprehensive ground surface material and quickens loading test device, and applicability is strong, and the scope of application is extensive, and structure is simple relatively, low price.
Three, the present invention is controlled under the situation of room temperature～80 ℃ in temperature control system in the constant temperature enclosure temperature; Adopt the pressure maximum between true pneumatic tyre and the test specimen can reach 1.0MPa; And through the rotation of engine drives driving wheel; More can the actual travel situation of simulated automotive on bituminous pavement, improved the defective of existing ground surface material accelerating and loading test equipment pull-type experimental wheel; Simultaneously, to the control of engine speed with start of the monitoring of sound intensity testing system, can observe tire speed not simultaneously, the Changing Pattern of bitumen mixture specimen skin-friction coefficient and noise intensity through the starting engine controller to noise.
Four, proving installation of the present invention can carry out parallel experiment to 6 test specimens at most simultaneously, has eliminated the error that the test inhomogeneity is brought, and the experiment cabinet side door can freely be opened, and engaged wheel has stationary fixture, and test operation is convenient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that main drive wheel type pavement materials of the present invention quickens loading test device.
Fig. 2 is a constant temperature enclosure inner structure synoptic diagram among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the side view of detent among Fig. 1, driving wheel and engaged wheel.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the operation bench among Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the position view of microphone of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a temperature control principle synoptic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the sound intensity measurement system synoptic diagram.
Fig. 8 is the friction coefficient measurement schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is a laser measurement rutting deformation schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is each measuring sensor position view among Fig. 9.
Embodiment
Describe in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention.
Bituminous concrete test specimen specification of the present invention is long 300mm * wide 300mm * thick 50mm; Driving wheel adopts the 4.00-8 tire, and rotating speed is 0～300r/mi n; Engaged wheel external diameter 1100mm, groove depth 100mm, width are 315mm, so that be the enough spaces of transversely deforming reservation of test specimen, rotating speed is 0～121r/min; Hydraulic means pressurization scope is 0～1.0MPa; Temperature range is 25～70 ℃ in the constant temperature enclosure.
Extremely shown in Figure 5 like Fig. 1; Main drive wheel type pavement materials of the present invention quickens to load the test proving installation, comprises operation bench 1, PLC control box 2, electronic box 3, hydraulic means 4, motor 5, detent 6, driving-chain and sprocket wheel 7, driving wheel 8, engaged wheel 10, sea water bath 11, recirculating air intake stack 12, constant temperature enclosure 13, experiment cabinet 14 and recirculating air wind pipe 15; Operation bench 1 is positioned at experiment cabinet 14 outsides, and driving wheel 8 is positioned at constant temperature enclosure 13 with engaged wheel 10; Constant temperature enclosure 13 is positioned at experiment cabinet 14; Hydraulic means 4 links to each other with engaged wheel 10, and motor 5 links to each other with driving wheel 8 through driving-chain and sprocket wheel 7, and driving wheel 8 is fixed on the support 17, is positioned at directly over the engaged wheel 10, is provided with test specimen 9 between driving wheel 8 and the engaged wheel 10; The wheel shaft of engaged wheel 10 places and can make in its guide groove that moves up and down 19, sea water bath 11 be arranged at engaged wheel 10 under, when test specimen 9 moves to the below, can be immersed in the water; Laser range finder 26 is positioned at a side of engaged wheel 10; One side of driving wheel 8 is provided with microphone 23; Be used to detect the friction sound between driving wheel and test specimen; Its bottom is provided with torque sensor; Be used to detect the size of the moment of friction that driving wheel produces test specimen, the surface of contact of itself and test specimen 9 is provided with pressure transducer 24, is used to detect the size of surface of contact upward pressure; Two velocity gauges 22 are fixed on the support 17, and lay respectively at the outside of driving wheel 8 and engaged wheel 10, are used to measure the rotating speed size of wheel; Detent 6 is connected with driving wheel 8; Recirculating air intake stack 12 places in the constant temperature enclosure 13 with recirculating air wind pipe 15; Operation bench 1 comprises temperature control panel 27, Motor Control panel 28, electronic box panel 29, hydrostatic control panel 30, detent control panel 31, rut registering instrument 32, sound intensity display 33, moment registering instrument 34, PLC panel 35, pressure display instrument 36 and takes turns fast table 37; Temperature control panel 27 links to each other with constant temperature enclosure 13 through the PID temperature control system; Constant temperature enclosure can the needed temperature of warranty test; Requirement has good soundproof effect, to prevent the motor operating noise test is exerted an influence; Motor Control panel 28 links to each other with motor 5; Hydrostatic control panel 30 links to each other with hydraulic means 4 through PLC control box 2; Detent control panel 31 links to each other with detent 6 through PLC control box 2; The PLC control box accepts the command signal of self-hydraulic, motor and detent control panel, and each power and clamping device are carried out robotization control; Motor speed is adjustable, maximum (top) speed 750r/min, and be chain transmission, motor power-on box between the driving wheel 8; Hydraulic means 4 acts on engaged wheel 10 wheel shafts, and pressurization makes the pressure between tire and test specimen reach setting gradually from bottom to top; Rut registering instrument 32 links to each other with laser range finder 26, and sound intensity display 33 links to each other with microphone 23 through the sound intensity testing device, takes turns fast table 37 and links to each other with velocity gauge 22; Moment registering instrument 34 links to each other with torque sensor through signal changing system; Pressure display instrument 36 links to each other with pressure transducer 24, tests required whole electricity consumption instrument and equipment and links to each other with electronic box 24, and electronic box panel 29 links to each other with electronic box 3; Electronic box panel 29 is provided with power switch and power light; Electronic box 24 is used for the power source of system, when emergency condition takes place, has the auto-cutout function, to guarantee the safety of system.
On the basis of the above, the wheel shaft 18 of engaged wheel 10 places in the guide groove 19, and the axle two ends link to each other with hydraulic cylinder 16, can move up and down along with hydraulic cylinder, and driving wheel wheel shaft 21 is parallel with surface level respectively with engaged wheel wheel shaft 18 center lines, and is positioned at same perpendicular; PLC control box 2 places in the operation bench 1 with electronic box 3; Hydraulic means 4, motor 5 and detent 6 place in the drive chamber 25 of experiment cabinet 14; Electromagnetic type braking unitized construction is adopted in the control of motor 5 variable ratio frequency changers, detent 6; Driving wheel 8, engaged wheel 10 and sea water bath 11 place in the constant temperature enclosure 13 of experiment cabinet 14; Driving wheel 8 adopts pneumatic tyre, and engaged wheel 10 is annular groove shaped steel wheel.
Sound intensity testing device according to the invention is made up of microphone 23, amplifier 45, frequency overlapped-resistable filter 46, sampling/retainer 47, A/D converter 48, computing system 49 and D/A transducer 50; Microphone 23 will from the friction noise of driving wheel 8 and 9 generations of test specimen through amplifier 45 amplify with frequency overlapped-resistable filter 46 erasure signal aliasings after, carry out being sent to 49 processing of computing system after data acquisition and A/D transducer 48 are changed through sampling/retainer 47 again and then be presented on the sound intensity display 33 through D/A transducer 50.
Temperature control system of the present invention is made up of temperature control panel 27, temperature sensor 40, transmitter 41, PID controller 42, pressure regulator 43 and constant temperature enclosure 13; Temperature sensor 40 is presented at detected temperature signal on the temperature indicator 39 of control panel 27, and is sent to the temperature of the valuator 38 comparison process rear drive pressure regulators 43 Control Circulation blast pipes 12 adjusting constant temperature enclosures 13 of PID controller 42 and control panel 27 through transmitter 41.
Hydraulic means 4 has the electron pressure table can show on the engaged wheel 10 pressure value when pressing, hydraulic cylinder 16 cylinder diameter 80mm, stroke 100mm, about each one; Motor 5 adopts Y160L-8 type motor, and variable ratio frequency changer control can be carried out speed change as required; Detent 6 adopts YS-B1-101 type veneer electromagnetic braking unitized construction, is used for braking, keeps; Said motor 5 drives driving wheel 8 through shaft joint, couple axle, worm screw, worm gear, power wheel and power wheel and rotates.
The course of work of the present invention is following:
Test noise, rut, friction factor, abrasion, fatigue and damage by water evil: bitumen mixture specimen 9 is fixed in the race of engaged wheel 10 through geometrical clamp and reinforcement steel ring; Drive hydraulic means 4 through hydrostatic control panel 30; Hydraulic cylinder 16 jack-up engaged wheels 10 easy on and off in guide groove 19 is moved; Slowly regulate making test specimen 9 just contact and produce the pressure effect with driving wheel 8, the pressure between driving wheel and the test specimen reaches 0～1.0MPa, and pressure transducer 24 places between driving wheel 8 and the bitumen mixture specimen 9; Be used for the gaging pressure size, the result is shown by pressure display instrument 36;
As shown in Figure 6, temperature control panel 27 comprises valuator 38 and temperature indicator 39, and temperature pressure regulator 43 connects power supply 44; And be constant temperature enclosure 13 heat supplies, temperature sensor 40 is positioned at constant temperature enclosure 13, and detected temperature signal is except that sending temperature indicator 39; Simultaneously convert unified signal to and deliver to PID controller 42, and compare, promptly drive pressure regulator 43 if any deviation with the setting value of valuator 38 through transmitter 41; Automatically the heating power of constant temperature enclosure 13 is sent in adjustment, reaches temperature automatically controlled purpose;
The startup of Motor Control panel 28 control motor 5, stop and frequency conversion; Motor 5 drives driving wheel 8 through driving-chain and sprocket wheel 7 and rotates, and regulates engine speed and makes the driving wheel rotating speed reach 0～300r/min, and under function of friction, bitumen mixture specimen 9 moves in a circle with engaged wheel 10; Two velocity gauges 22 are fixed on the support 17, in order to measure the rotating speed size of driving wheel 8 and engaged wheel 10; Detent 6 adopts the formula braking of stopping slowly, and driving wheel 8 is slowly stopped operating, and receives big infringement so that the protection tire is unlikely.
As shown in Figure 7, noise test: open the sound meter power supply, start the noise test macro; The condenser microphone 23 main friction noises that produce from driving wheel 8 and bitumen mixture specimen 9 that receive; Amplifier 45 amplifies the small noise signal that receives, and frequency overlapped-resistable filter 46 is used for the influence that the erasure signal aliasing is gathered data, and sampling/retainer 47 carries out data acquisition; And it is transformed to digital quantity through A/D transducer 48; Computer processing system 49 carries out high speed processing with the data that obtain by set-up function, and D/A transducer 50 becomes simulating signal with digital signal then, carries out waveform through sound intensity display 33 and shows;
Like Fig. 9, shown in 10, the rutting deformation test: magnet 56 has six, evenly places engaged wheel 10 outsides; The central area of corresponding bitumen mixture specimen 9, Hall switch 57 is parallel with laser range finder, and near the engaged wheel outside; When magnet was equal with Hall switch, Hall switch was in " opening ", laser range finder work; Record the distance L i of stadimeter to the test specimen surface, after magnet deflection was left, Hall switch was in " pass "; Laser range finder quits work, and turns to equally with Hall switch up to next magnet, and laser range finder is started working again; Portable computer 58 is responsible for image data and is also handled, monolithic test specimen ABCD rutting deformation amount δ i=Li-L wherein, and L is the initial distance of laser range finder and test specimen; Can set up on their own according to actual conditions, so once circulation back test specimen rut mean value δ=∑ δ i/6 (i=1,2; 6), the data after rut registering instrument 32 is accepted to handle are also drawn the rutting deformation curve, reach 25mm and stop when circulation rolls the test specimen maximum distortion;
As shown in Figure 8, survey friction factor: behind the about 30min of device smooth working, start detent; Driving wheel 8 stops operating; Engaged wheel 10 is slowed down under function of friction and is stopped operating gradually, in this process, measures driving wheel to the moment of friction M that bitumen mixture specimen produced, or records the rotation speed change of engaged wheel; Obtain moment of friction M by theorem of kinetic energy; Can calculate friction force F=M/R and coefficientoffriction=F/N, R is the engaged wheel radius, and N is the normal pressure between driving wheel and the test specimen; In the said measuring process; Measuring point 51 is the surface of contact of tire and test specimen; Torque sensor 52 becomes electric weight to the signal transformations that receive, and amplifier 53 amplifies faint electric signal, through A/D transducer 54 it is transformed to digital quantity again; Through microcomputer 55 data are carried out high speed processing then, moment registering instrument 34 shows the torgue measurement result;
Abrasion and torture test: after rolling about 1h, observe the generation of test specimen slight crack, development and surface abrasion phenomenon, according to the variation and the surface particles dropping situations of test specimen gross mass before and after the test; By the abrasion resisting performance of mass loss rate evaluation test specimen, mass loss rate=(test specimen quality before 1-test back test specimen quality/test) % is for different asphalts; Mass loss rate is more little; Its abrasion resisting performance is good more, and wherein, the particle that comes off is collected by bain-marie; Cushioning low-modulus material between bitumen mixture specimen and engaged wheel wheel trench bottom like block rubber, makes test specimen bottom in the process of rolling produce flexural tensile stress; Test specimen bottom deflection value when measuring difference loading number of times with displacement transducer; Obtain sag curve, and the loading number of times when take place being destroyed by test specimen estimates the anti-fatigue performance of test specimen, for different asphalts; Loading number of times during destruction is many more, and its anti-fatigue performance is good more.
Damage by water evil and water stability testing: the water-bath device is set, engaged wheel and test specimen can be immersed in the water, wheel tracking test soaks; 40 ℃ of tank temperature roll circulation 4000 times, with the water stability of the rate of the peeling off Evaluation of asphalt mixture of test specimen; For different asphalts, the rate of peeling off is more little, and its water stability is good more; Wherein peel off rate=(test specimen quality before 1-test back test specimen quality/test) %, test specimen is all weighed under oven-dried condition.
When bitumen mixture specimen 9 adopts standard specimen, should under heated condition, lay, fix, so that be attached to the wheel trench bottom of engaged wheel 10 more easily; Test specimen also can adopt special-purpose die trial moulding, and the die trial bottom is a circular arc, and the corresponding central angle of circular arc is 60 °, radius 550mm.
Claims (8)
1. a main drive wheel type pavement materials quickens loading test device, it is characterized in that comprising operation bench (1), PLC control box (2), electronic box (3), hydraulic means (4), motor (5), detent (6), driving-chain and sprocket wheel (7), driving wheel (8), engaged wheel (10), sea water bath (11), recirculating air intake stack (12), constant temperature enclosure (13), experiment cabinet (14) and recirculating air wind pipe (15); Said operation bench (1) is positioned at experiment cabinet (14) outside, and said driving wheel (8), engaged wheel (10) and sea water bath (11) place in the constant temperature enclosure (13) of experiment cabinet (14); Hydraulic means (4) links to each other with engaged wheel (10), and motor (5) links to each other with driving wheel (8) through driving-chain and sprocket wheel (7), and driving wheel (8) is fixed on the support (17), is positioned at directly over the engaged wheel (10), is provided with test specimen (9) between driving wheel (8) and the engaged wheel (10); The wheel shaft (18) of engaged wheel (10) places and can make in its guide groove that moves up and down (19), sea water bath (11) be arranged at engaged wheel (10) under; Laser range finder (26) is positioned at a side of engaged wheel (10); One side of said driving wheel (8) is provided with microphone (23); Driving wheel (8) bottom is provided with torque sensor; Driving wheel (8) is provided with pressure transducer (24) with the surface of contact of test specimen (9); Two velocity gauges (22) are fixed on the support (17), and lay respectively at the outside of driving wheel (8) and engaged wheel (10); Detent (6) is connected with driving wheel (8); Said recirculating air intake stack (12) and recirculating air wind pipe (15) place in the constant temperature enclosure (13);
Said operation bench (1) comprises temperature control panel (27), Motor Control panel (28), electronic box panel (29), hydrostatic control panel (30), detent control panel (31), rut registering instrument (32), sound intensity display (33), moment registering instrument (34), PLC panel (35), pressure display instrument (36) and wheel speed table (37); Said temperature control panel (27) links to each other with the constant temperature enclosure (13) of PID temperature control system; Motor Control panel (28) links to each other with motor (5); Hydrostatic control panel (30) links to each other with hydraulic means (4) through PLC control box (2); Detent control panel (31) links to each other with detent (6) through PLC control box (2), and rut registering instrument (32) links to each other with laser range finder (26), and sound intensity display (33) links to each other with the microphone (23) of sound intensity testing device; Wheel speed table (37) links to each other with velocity gauge (22); Moment registering instrument (34) links to each other with torque sensor through signal changing system, and pressure display instrument (36) links to each other with pressure transducer (24), and electronic box panel (29) the PLC panel (35) that links to each other with electronic box (3) links to each other with PLC control box (2).
2. a kind of main drive wheel type pavement materials according to claim 1 quickens loading test device; Wheel shaft (18) two ends that it is characterized in that said engaged wheel (10) link to each other with hydraulic cylinder (16); Driving wheel wheel shaft (21) is parallel with surface level respectively with engaged wheel wheel shaft (18) center line, and is positioned at same perpendicular.
3. a kind of main drive wheel type pavement materials according to claim 1 quickens loading test device, it is characterized in that said PLC control box (2) and electronic box (3) place in the operation bench (1).
4. a kind of main drive wheel type pavement materials according to claim 1 quickens loading test device, it is characterized in that said hydraulic means (4), motor (5) and detent (6) place in the drive chamber (25) of experiment cabinet (14); Motor (5) is a VFC, and detent (6) adopts electromagnetic type braking unitized construction.
5. a kind of main drive wheel type pavement materials according to claim 1 quickens loading test device, it is characterized in that said driving wheel (8) adopts pneumatic tyre, and engaged wheel (10) is annular groove shaped steel wheel.
6. a kind of main drive wheel type pavement materials according to claim 1 quickens loading test device, it is characterized in that said sound intensity testing device is made up of microphone (23), amplifier (45), frequency overlapped-resistable filter (46), sampling/retainer (47), A/D converter (48), computing system (49) and D/A transducer (50); Microphone (23) will be sent to computing system (49) processing back and be presented on the sound intensity display (33) through D/A transducer (50) from the friction noise that produces between driving wheel (8) and test specimen (9) behind amplifier (45) amplification and frequency overlapped-resistable filter (46) erasure signal aliasing again after sampling/retainer (47) carries out data acquisition and A/D transducer (48) conversion.
7. a kind of main drive wheel type pavement materials according to claim 1 quickens loading test device; It is characterized in that said PID temperature control system is made up of temperature control panel (27), temperature sensor (40), transmitter (41), PID controller (42), pressure regulator (43) and constant temperature enclosure (13); Temperature sensor (40) is presented at detected temperature signal on the temperature indicator (39) of control panel (27), and is sent to the temperature of valuator (38) comparison process rear drive pressure regulator (43) Control Circulation blast pipe (12) the adjusting constant temperature enclosure (13) of PID controller (42) and control panel (27) through transmitter (41).
8. an application rights requires the method for testing accelerating and loading of main drive wheel type pavement materials of 1 said device, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) bitumen mixture specimen is fixed in the engaged wheel outside surface annular groove of proving installation, the regulator solution pressure device, the slow jack-up engaged wheel of hydraulic cylinder contacts with driving wheel until test specimen, makes the pressure between driving wheel and the test specimen reach 0～1.0MPa:
(2) regulate the constant temperature enclosure temperature in the scope of room temperature～80 ℃ through temperature control system, actuating motor drives driving wheel, regulates engine speed and makes the driving wheel rotating speed in 0～300r/min scope;
(3) energized starts the sound intensity testing system, the friction noise loudness of a sound on drawings and test specimen surface; Then, open laser range finder, the rut registering instrument is started working, and the rutting deformation of record test specimen reaches 25mm and stops when circulation rolls maximum distortion; Observe the generation of test specimen slight crack, development and surface abrasion phenomenon, according to the variation and the surface particles dropping situations of test specimen gross mass before and after the test, estimate the abrasion resisting performance of test specimen, the particle that comes off is collected by bain-marie; Cushioning low-modulus material between bitumen mixture specimen and engaged wheel trench bottom; Make test specimen bottom in the process of rolling produce flexural tensile stress; Test specimen bottom deflection value when measuring difference loading number of times with displacement transducer; Obtain sag curve, and the loading number of times when take place being destroyed by test specimen is estimated the anti-fatigue performance of test specimen;
(4) device smooth working starts detent, and driving wheel stops operating; Engaged wheel is slowed down under function of friction and is stopped operating gradually, in this process, measures driving wheel to the moment of friction M that bitumen mixture specimen produced, or records the rotation speed change of engaged wheel; Obtain moment of friction M by the mechanics theorem; Calculate friction force F=M/R and coefficientoffriction=F/N, R is the engaged wheel radius, and N is the normal pressure between driving wheel and the test specimen;
(5) the water-bath device is set; Engaged wheel and test specimen can be immersed in the water, the wheel tracking test that soaks, the tank temperature is controlled to be 40 ℃; Roll the circulation 4000 times after; According to the rate of peeling off=(the preceding test specimen quality of 1-test back test specimen quality/test) %, with the water stability of the rate of the peeling off Evaluation of asphalt mixture of test specimen, test specimen is all weighed under oven-dried condition.
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| CN2009100388270A CN101532934B (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2009-04-21 | Method for testing accelerating and loading of main drive wheel type pavement materials and device |
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| CN2009100388270A CN101532934B (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2009-04-21 | Method for testing accelerating and loading of main drive wheel type pavement materials and device |
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