CN103197049B - A kind of indoor Measuring Device - Google Patents

A kind of indoor Measuring Device Download PDF

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CN103197049B
CN103197049B CN201310091109.6A CN201310091109A CN103197049B CN 103197049 B CN103197049 B CN 103197049B CN 201310091109 A CN201310091109 A CN 201310091109A CN 103197049 B CN103197049 B CN 103197049B
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wheel
horizontal
experimental
measuring device
test specimen
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CN103197049A (en
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胡力群
张艳
李欢
王军
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Changan University
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Changan University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of indoor Measuring Device, comprise horizontal bed, the rolling bearing device be laid on horizontal bed, to install for test specimen and the drive motor that rotates of experimental wheel on test specimen of the horizontal sliding part that test specimen can be driven to carry out moving forward and backward on rolling bearing device, experimental wheel support that bearing height is adjustable, bottom support and motoring ring test wheel, horizontal sliding part is placed horizontally on rolling bearing device; Experimental wheel support is provided with the vehicle wheel frame installed for experimental wheel wheel shaft; Be in transmission connection by gear train between the power output shaft of drive motor and wheel shaft; Experimental wheel support is provided with charger experimental wheel being applied to vertical load from top to bottom.Reasonable in design of the present invention, install compact and manipulate simple and easy, result of use good, can the true walking states of simulating vehicle driving wheel, what effectively can solve that existing Measuring Device adopts crank connecting link to drive to exist during experimental wheel walking can only the practical problems of simulating vehicle engaged wheel walking states.

Description

A kind of indoor Measuring Device
Technical field
The invention belongs to rut test technical field, especially relate to a kind of indoor Measuring Device.
Background technology
Rut is the distinctive a kind of failure mode of bituminous concrete pavement, it is a kind of permanent deformation produced under the combined factors effects such as traffic load repeat function and weather (high temperature), show as and produce longitudinal banded groove along driving wheel mark, time serious, the both sides of rut have projection deformation, and the usability on road surface is worsened more.Rut test is that a kind of actual wheel load of simulating is walked and the engineering test method forming rut on road surface, from broadly, indoor small rut Cyclic test, rotation rut test, large-scale circular track test and linear track test, all can think rut test category.Rut test a kind ofly evaluates the effective ways that plastic flow deformation ability resisted at the specified temperature by asphalt.The dynamic stability of rut test and the rutting depth of bituminous pavement have good correlativity, control the dynamic stability of asphalt rightly, and energy making has the asphalt mat of certain resistance to permanent deformation.China is using wheel tracking test dynamic stability as asphalt high-temperature technology performance index, and " asphalt highway job specifications " (JTG F40-2004) define the technical requirement of highway asphalt mixture dynamic stability.
Indoor wheel tracking test has become evaluates the most frequently used test of rutting-resistant performance of mixture, and its advantage is: the load mode of applying reflects the actual loading situation on road surface, and instrument is relatively cheap, is easy to operation.Indoor device needed for wheel tracking test is Measuring Device, it loads wheel and under uniform temperature condition, repeatedly rolls sample with certain load, speed, make sample under the Repeated Loading of wheel, produce densification, shearing, passing and flowing, thus generation rut, by monitoring the development of rut in roller compaction process continuously, obtain the distortion of 45min and 60min, by regulation formulae discovery dynamic stability DS, in order to evaluate the rutting resistance of asphalt.Test sample can be the plate test specimen that laboratory rolling compacting machine makes, and also can be that the diameter of road surface brill core acquisition is the cylindrical specimens of 200mm.The solid tyre that the loading wheel of current domestic Measuring Device mostly all adopts rubber to make, diameter 200mm, takes turns wide 50mm, rubber thickness 15mm and to come and go travel speed be 42 times/min, specifically has crank connecting link to drive experimental wheel and chain driving experimental wheel 2 kinds of modes.
With regard to the present situation of current Measuring Device, no matter use right cylinder test specimen, rectangular parallelepiped test specimen, although both rutting depth are variant, but test result can distinguish the anti-rut behavior of compound preferably.When comparing the performance of different compound, need to use unified test specimen type.Also there is the difference of structure member between Measuring Device, such as, load wheel and mainly contain 4 types: steel wheel, steel wheel apply pressure to inflate outside sebific duct, pneumatic tyre and steel wheel wraps up in rubber tire.The load level of all kinds of Measuring Device is different with contact area and differ greatly because load wheel size, and from hundreds of ox to several thousand Ns, even tens Ns not etc.But the load of all kinds of Measuring Device all follows a cardinal rule: the effect of simulating actual carload as far as possible, therefore the footprint pressure of the loading wheel of all kinds of Measuring Device and test specimen all controls at 0.6Mpa ~ 0.9Mpa, this pressure represents the ground connection pressure of a tire of single shaft two-wheel truck on actual road surface, they all can distinguish the quality of asphalt mixture anti-rutting performance, and mostly better with the correlationship of on-the-spot rut performance.However, current Measuring Device still has weak point, experimental wheel still exists all many-sides to be needed to improve, the adjustability of the adjustability of such as wheels travel speed, load and wheel load size, the simulation (can realize the simulation of simple dry and wet condition at present) etc. of climatic environment.And, rut mainly detrusion instead of the compaction deformation of generally acknowledging both at home and abroad, current the used Measuring Device of China, from force modes, the mainly compressive stress that test specimen bears in test process, corresponding distortion mainly compaction deformation, this is because experimental wheel is driven by crank connecting link, only can the non-driving wheel of simulating vehicle, and in vehicle actual travel process, the shear action of driving wheel road pavement is larger.
For the automobile of front-engine rear-drive, the torque that engine sends passes to rear wheel successively after clutch coupling, wheel box, universal joint, transmission shaft, main reducing gear, differential mechanism and semiaxis, and thus rear wheel is called driving wheel.After driving wheel obtains torque, just give one, ground acting force backward, and produce a reacting force forward in the face of driving wheel with therefore making, this reacting force is exactly the driving force of automobile.The front vehicle wheel of automobile and power train generally do not have contacting directly on power, are therefore called engaged wheel.That is, actual advance in be rear wheel " promotion " front vehicle wheel, and be with motor vehicle to advance.Thus, the load that front and back wheel road pavement applies has very large difference.Automobile has on road surface parks, travels, brakes, the state such as to turn to, and along with the change of automobile motion state on road surface, the action direction of wheel load and amount of force also will change to some extent.When automobile is anchored on road surface, the general acting force only considering wheel load road pavement, and in Measuring Device design process, only consider the wheel load of automobile hind axle.When running car, rear wheel road pavement is apart from beyond vertical force, and the horizontal tangential power that during vehicle wheel rotation, road pavement produces in addition, horizontal tangential power is because the frictional resistance between tire and road surface causes.On the uphill way of mountainous area highway, when particularly travelling heavy loading and over loading vehicle, often the speed of a motor vehicle is slow, and now wheel acts on the horizontal force on road surface is also larger.In addition, wheel also can produce horizontal force in braking procedure.Therefore, in parking lot, station, intersection, climbing lane, charge station and other places that is congested in traffic, vehicle low running speed, it is comparatively large that road surface is subject to vehicle horizontal loads, and road surface is easier to produce the destruction such as rut, hole groove.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of indoor Measuring Device is provided, its reasonable in design, install compact and manipulate simple and easy, result of use good, can the true walking states of simulating vehicle driving wheel, what effectively can solve that existing Measuring Device adopts crank connecting link to drive to exist during experimental wheel walking can only the practical problems of simulating vehicle engaged wheel walking states.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of indoor Measuring Device, it is characterized in that: comprise horizontal bed, be laid on horizontal bed and in level to the rolling bearing device laid, to install for wheel tracking test test specimen and experimental wheel on test specimen of the horizontal sliding part that test specimen can be driven to carry out moving forward and backward on described rolling bearing device, experimental wheel support that bearing height is adjustable, bottom support and motoring ring test wheel carry out the drive motor of rotation continuously, described horizontal sliding part is placed horizontally on described rolling bearing device; Described experimental wheel support is provided with the vehicle wheel frame that two wheel shafts for experimental wheel in left and right are installed, and the two ends, left and right of described wheel shaft are arranged on two described vehicle wheel frames respectively by bearing; Be in transmission connection by gear train between the power output shaft of described drive motor and described wheel shaft; Described experimental wheel support is provided with charger experimental wheel being applied to vertical load from top to bottom.
The indoor Measuring Device of above-mentioned one, is characterized in that: described rolling bearing device comprises level to the rolling body be arranged on horizontal bed.
The indoor Measuring Device of above-mentioned one, is characterized in that: described charger is hydraulic loading device.
The indoor Measuring Device of above-mentioned one, it is characterized in that: the hydraulic reservoir that described hydraulic loading device is comprised hydraulic cylinder and connected with hydraulic cylinder by fluid pressure line, described fluid pressure line is provided with hydraulic pump and hydraulic control valve, described hydraulic cylinder is laid in above described experimental wheel support.
The indoor Measuring Device of above-mentioned one, it is characterized in that: also comprise control system, described control system comprises primary controller and the parameter input unit connected with primary controller respectively and display unit, and described hydraulic pump, hydraulic control valve and drive motor are undertaken controlling by primary controller and three all connects with primary controller.
The indoor Measuring Device of above-mentioned one, it is characterized in that: the horizontal stand that described experimental wheel support comprises left and right two root posts and is arranged between two described columns, the two ends, left and right of described horizontal stand are arranged on two described columns respectively by bearing height adjustment part.
The indoor Measuring Device of above-mentioned one, is characterized in that: described experimental wheel support also comprises two horizontal plug be laid in same level, and two described horizontal plug are arranged on the left and right sides of horizontal stand respectively; Described bearing height adjustment part comprises two and carries out spacing stop nut to two described horizontal plug respectively, two described stop nuts are set on two described columns, the middle and upper part of two described columns is provided with the screw rod sections moved up and down for stop nut, and the middle part of described screw rod sections has a vertical through holes of carrying out moving up and down for horizontal plug; Described horizontal stand is provided with the force-transmitting seat for transmitting vertical load.
The indoor Measuring Device of above-mentioned one, it is characterized in that: also comprise constant temperature oven, described experimental wheel support, experimental wheel, horizontal bed, test specimen, drive motor, vehicle wheel frame, described rolling bearing device, described horizontal sliding part and described charger are all laid in constant temperature oven.
The indoor Measuring Device of above-mentioned one, is characterized in that: described rolling body comprises the multiple described cylindrical roller be arranged on from front to back on horizontal bed, and multiple described cylindrical roller is laid in same level; The structure of multiple described cylindrical roller is all identical with size, and multiple described cylindrical roller is parallel laying, and multiple described cylindrical roller is in evenly laying, and multiple described cylindrical roller is all parallel laying with described wheel shaft.
The indoor Measuring Device of above-mentioned one, is characterized in that: the slide plate that described horizontal sliding part is level and smooth bottom being, and the top of described slide plate has the groove installed for test specimen; Described test specimen is cube specimen, and described groove is square groove, and the degree of depth of described groove is greater than the thickness of test specimen.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, the simple and processing and fabricating of structure and installing is laid convenient, and input cost is lower.
2, whole process of the test is carried out in constant temperature oven, and in constant temperature oven, temperature adjusting is simple and easy, thus easyly can realize the wheel tracking test at varying environment temperature.
3, compact conformation, take up room little, thus significantly reduce the inner space of insulation can, not only saved insulation material, also shorten indoor temperature and rise to heat time needed for regulation test temperature; On the other hand, moist closet space reduces, and thermal current scatters and disappears also can be slow, and test temperature can be retentively more stable.
4, vertical load size is adjustable and easy to adjust, thus easyly can realize the wheel tracking test at varying environment temperature.
5, use easy and simple to handle, result of use good and practical value is high, the present invention due to the friction force between slide plate and rolling body very little, when experimental wheel is not carried on test specimen, slide plate easily can slide on roller bearing testing table; And experimental wheel is when being carried on test specimen, rotated by belt gear motoring ring test wheel, experimental wheel and test specimen produce and rub, and test specimen and slide plate are as a whole and the two carries out synchronizing moving under enough large friction force effect, and after advance certain displacement, drive motor reverses, and by belt gear motoring ring test wheel counter-rotation, now test specimen and punching block as a whole and the two synchronously to move round about, so do horizontal reciprocating and move, until final off-test.During actual use, why slide plate of the present invention can move around, always be because outer bound pair slide plate has a horizontal force to overcome the friction force between experimental wheel and test specimen, this horizontal force is exactly experimental wheel rotation is the acting force provided to test specimen.So, just simulate the walking states of driving wheel of vehicle, when more realistic vehicle travels between the own rotation of driving wheel and ground produce the size simulation demand of the friction force become at any time.Thus, what effectively can solve that existing Measuring Device adopts crank connecting link to drive to exist during experimental wheel walking can only the practical problems of simulating vehicle engaged wheel walking states.To sum up, the present invention can the true walking states of simulating vehicle driving wheel, when more realistic vehicle travels, the own rotation of driving wheel produces the size friction force become at any time with ground, is therefore more suitable for the local asphalt pavement material rutting resistance evaluation of parking lot, station, intersection, climbing lane, charge station and other traffic congestions, vehicle low running speed.
In sum, reasonable in design of the present invention, install compact and manipulate simple and easy, result of use good, can the true walking states of simulating vehicle driving wheel, what effectively can solve that existing Measuring Device adopts crank connecting link to drive to exist during experimental wheel walking can only the practical problems of simulating vehicle engaged wheel walking states.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is using state reference diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is schematic block circuit diagram of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-experimental wheel support; 1-1-column; 1-2-horizontal stand;
1-4-stop nut; 1-5-horizontal plug; 1-6-vertical through holes;
2-experimental wheel; 3-horizontal bed; 4-test specimen;
5-drive motor; 6-vehicle wheel frame; 7-cylindrical roller;
8-belt gear; 9-slide plate; 10-1-hydraulic cylinder;
10-2-hydraulic pump; 10-3-hydraulic control valve; 11-1-primary controller;
11-2-parameter input unit; 11-3-display unit; 12-force-transmitting seat;
13-constant temperature oven; 14-temperature detecting unit.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the present invention includes horizontal bed 3, be laid on horizontal bed 3 and in level to the rolling bearing device laid, to install for wheel tracking test test specimen 4 and experimental wheel 2 on test specimen 4 of the horizontal sliding part that test specimen 4 can be driven to carry out moving forward and backward on described rolling bearing device, experimental wheel support 1 that bearing height is adjustable, bottom support and motoring ring test wheel 2 carry out the drive motor 5 of rotation continuously, described horizontal sliding part is placed horizontally on described rolling bearing device.Described experimental wheel support 1 is provided with the vehicle wheel frame 6 that two wheel shafts for experimental wheel 2 in left and right are installed, and the two ends, left and right of described wheel shaft are arranged on two described vehicle wheel frames 6 respectively by bearing.Be in transmission connection by gear train between the power output shaft of described drive motor 5 and described wheel shaft.Described experimental wheel support 1 is provided with charger experimental wheel 2 being applied to vertical load from top to bottom.
In the present embodiment, described rolling bearing device comprises level to the rolling body be arranged on horizontal bed 3.
In the present embodiment, described rolling body comprises the multiple described cylindrical roller 7 be arranged on from front to back on horizontal bed 3, and multiple described cylindrical roller 7 is laid in same level; The structure of multiple described cylindrical roller 7 is all identical with size, and multiple described cylindrical roller 7 is in parallel laying, and multiple described cylindrical roller 7 is in evenly laying, and multiple described cylindrical roller 7 is all parallel laying with described wheel shaft.
During actual use, also can adopt the rolling bearing device of other type.
In the present embodiment, described charger is hydraulic loading device.
In actual use procedure, described charger also can adopt the charger of other type.
In the present embodiment, the hydraulic reservoir that described hydraulic loading device is comprised hydraulic cylinder 10-1 and connected with hydraulic cylinder 10-1 by fluid pressure line, described fluid pressure line is provided with hydraulic pump 10-2 and hydraulic control valve 10-3, described hydraulic cylinder 10-1 is laid in above described experimental wheel support 1.
Simultaneously, the present invention also comprises control system, described control system comprises primary controller 11-1 and the parameter input unit 11-2 connected with primary controller 11-1 respectively and display unit 11-3, and described hydraulic pump 10-2, hydraulic control valve 10-3 and drive motor 5 are undertaken controlling by primary controller 11-1 and three all connects with primary controller 11-1.
In the present embodiment, the horizontal stand 1-2 that described experimental wheel support 1 comprises left and right two root post 1-1 and is arranged between two described column 1-1, the two ends, left and right of described horizontal stand 1-2 are arranged on two described column 1-1 respectively by bearing height adjustment part.
In the present embodiment, described experimental wheel support 1 also comprises two horizontal plug 1-5 be laid in same level, and two described horizontal plug 1-5 are arranged on the left and right sides of horizontal stand 1-2 respectively; Described bearing height adjustment part comprises two and carries out spacing stop nut 1-4 to two described horizontal plug 1-5 respectively, two described stop nut 1-4 are set on two described column 1-1, the middle and upper part of two described column 1-1 is provided with the screw rod sections moved up and down for stop nut 1-4, and the middle part of described screw rod sections has a vertical through holes 1-6 carrying out moving up and down for horizontal plug 1-5.
During actual installation, described drive motor 5 is arranged on horizontal stand 1-2, the bottom of two equal horizontal stand 1-2 of described vehicle wheel frame 6, and the symmetrical laying of two described vehicle wheel frames 6.
In the present embodiment, described horizontal stand 1-2 is provided with the force-transmitting seat 12 for transmitting vertical load.Further, the installing port installed for drive motor 5 is had bottom described force-transmitting seat 12.
In the present embodiment, described gear train is belt gear 8.
During actual use, described gear train also can adopt the gear train of other type, as sprocket chain strip transmission mechanism.
In the present embodiment, the slide plate 9 that described horizontal sliding part is level and smooth bottom being, and the top of described slide plate 9 has the groove installed for test specimen 4.
During actual installation, described slide plate 9 is steel plate.
In the present embodiment, described test specimen 4 is cube specimen, and described groove is square groove, and the degree of depth of described groove is greater than the thickness of test specimen 4.
In the present embodiment, the present invention also comprises constant temperature oven 13, and described experimental wheel support 1, experimental wheel 2, horizontal bed 3, test specimen 4, drive motor 5, vehicle wheel frame 6, described rolling bearing device, described horizontal sliding part and described charger are all laid in constant temperature oven 13.Also be provided with the temperature detecting unit 14 its internal temperature being carried out to detection in real time in described constant temperature oven 13, and described temperature detecting unit 14 connects with primary controller 11-1.
In the present embodiment, described hydraulic cylinder 10-1 is in vertically to lay and its cylinder body is fixed on the inside bottom of constant temperature oven 13.During actual use, described hydraulic cylinder 10-1 applies vertical load by force-transmitting seat 12 and horizontal stand 1-2 to the wheel shaft of experimental wheel 2.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every above embodiment is done according to the technology of the present invention essence any simple modification, change and equivalent structure change, all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. an indoor Measuring Device, it is characterized in that: comprise horizontal bed (3), be laid in horizontal bed (3) upper and in level to the rolling bearing device laid, install for wheel tracking test test specimen (4) and can drive test specimen (4) on described rolling bearing device, carry out the horizontal sliding part moved forward and backward, the experimental wheel support (1) that bearing height is adjustable, the drive motor (5) rotated continuously is carried out in the experimental wheel (2) of bottom support on test specimen (4) and motoring ring test wheel (2), described horizontal sliding part is placed horizontally on described rolling bearing device, described experimental wheel support (1) is provided with the vehicle wheel frame (6) of two, left and right for the wheel shaft installation of experimental wheel (2), and the two ends, left and right of described wheel shaft are arranged on two described vehicle wheel frames (6) respectively by bearing, be in transmission connection by gear train between the power output shaft of described drive motor (5) and described wheel shaft, described experimental wheel support (1) is provided with charger experimental wheel (2) being applied to vertical load from top to bottom, described charger is hydraulic loading device.
2. according to the indoor Measuring Device of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rolling bearing device comprises level to the rolling body be arranged on horizontal bed (3).
3. according to the indoor Measuring Device of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the hydraulic reservoir that described hydraulic loading device is comprised hydraulic cylinder (10-1) and connected with hydraulic cylinder (10-1) by fluid pressure line, described fluid pressure line is provided with hydraulic pump (10-2) and hydraulic control valve (10-3), described hydraulic cylinder (10-1) is laid in described experimental wheel support (1) top.
4. according to the indoor Measuring Device of one according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: also comprise control system, described control system comprises primary controller (11-1) and the parameter input unit (11-2) connected with primary controller (11-1) respectively and display unit (11-3), and described hydraulic pump (10-2), hydraulic control valve (10-3) and drive motor (5) are undertaken controlling by primary controller (11-1) and three all connects with primary controller (11-1).
5. according to the indoor Measuring Device of the one described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the horizontal stand (1-2) that described experimental wheel support (1) comprises left and right two root posts (1-1) and is arranged between two described columns (1-1), the two ends, left and right of described horizontal stand (1-2) are arranged on two described columns (1-1) respectively by bearing height adjustment part.
6. according to the indoor Measuring Device of one according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described experimental wheel support (1) also comprises two horizontal plug (1-5) be laid in same level, and two described horizontal plug (1-5) are arranged on the left and right sides of horizontal stand (1-2) respectively; Described bearing height adjustment part comprises two and carries out spacing stop nut (1-4) to two described horizontal plug (1-5) respectively, two described stop nuts (1-4) are set on two described columns (1-3), the middle and upper part of two described columns (1-3) is provided with the screw rod sections moved up and down for stop nut (1-4), and the middle part of described screw rod sections has a vertical through holes (1-6) of carrying out moving up and down for horizontal plug (1-5); Described horizontal stand (1-2) is provided with the force-transmitting seat (12) for transmitting vertical load.
7. according to the indoor Measuring Device of the one described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: also comprise constant temperature oven (13), described experimental wheel support (1), experimental wheel (2), horizontal bed (3), test specimen (4), drive motor (5), vehicle wheel frame (6), described rolling bearing device, described horizontal sliding part and described charger are all laid in constant temperature oven (13).
8. according to the indoor Measuring Device of one according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described rolling body comprises the multiple cylindrical rollers (7) be arranged on from front to back on horizontal bed (3), multiple described cylindrical roller (7) is laid in same level; The structure of multiple described cylindrical roller (7) is all identical with size, multiple described cylindrical roller (7) is in parallel laying, and multiple described cylindrical roller (7) is in evenly laying, multiple described cylindrical roller (7) is all parallel laying with described wheel shaft.
9., according to the indoor Measuring Device of the one described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the slide plate (9) that described horizontal sliding part is level and smooth bottom being, and the top of described slide plate (9) has the groove installed for test specimen (4); Described test specimen (4) is cube specimen, and described groove is square groove, and the degree of depth of described groove is greater than the thickness of test specimen (4).
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CN105277454A (en) * 2015-11-10 2016-01-27 昆山市交通工程试验检测中心 Asphalt mixed material wheel tracking testing device
CN106771103B (en) * 2016-11-09 2019-03-15 长安大学 Measuring Device in a kind of orientation continous way room
CN106841581B (en) * 2017-02-26 2023-07-18 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 Saline soil roadbed model test device under different working condition modes
CN107179400B (en) * 2017-04-27 2020-04-07 长安大学 Asphalt mixture rut test device
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CN110231467A (en) * 2019-07-16 2019-09-13 浙江省交通集团检测科技有限公司 Not viscous wheel pitch is not viscous to take turns performance testing device and test method
CN112067476B (en) * 2020-08-18 2021-07-02 同济大学 Inclined plane unidirectional loading rut test device
CN112881217B (en) * 2021-01-19 2022-08-16 东南大学 Improved asphalt mixture rutting experimental device and experimental method
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